those work-relevant characteristics, both innate and acquired, that account for work behavior...
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Individual DifferencesThose work-relevant characteristics, both innate and acquired, that account for work behavior differences
Earlier: technical-interpersonal-conceptual differences in skill-sets
KSAO’s : HRM acronym Knowledge Skills Abilities Other Characteristics
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Knowledge & SkillsSimilar in that they are both:
acquired, changeable through practicerelatively easily and precisely measuredeasily made observable
Knowledgepossession of specific information
traffic laws, accounting practices, market value
Skilllearned psycho-motor behaviorbehavioral application of knowledge
driving test, report taxable income, residence
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Abilities & Other Characteristics
Similar in that they are:not easily changed; stableusually difficult to measure accuratelyinferred; not directly observed
Abilitiesmental (cognitive ability-IQ, verbal, math)physical (stamina, explosive strength)
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PV
Cognitive Ability Examples in the Workplace
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PV
Physical Ability Taxonomy
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PV
City of San Diego Police Officer Physical Abilities Test
120 yards
Stairs
150 yards
3 ft barrier 6 ft
barrier
150 lb.Dummy Drag
75 lb. Handcuff Apparatus
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Other Characteristics
Personalityrelatively enduring behavioral predispositions that reflect both genetic and environmental influencesstabledifficult to changeinferred
Biographical Data (Biodata)
Experiential and accomplishment differenceseducation level, work history, leadership, group membership
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PV
16 Personality Factor Questionnaire Source Traits
Raymond Cattell• chemistry major• sought ‘elements’ of
behavior• personality traits as
basic elements• ERGs
• internal drives• Sentiments
• cultural socialization• ERGs & Sentiments
combine to (direct) behavior
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PV
16PF Profiles
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PV
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PV
The Big 5 or More?
•Compliant; sensitive to opinion; yielding; trusting; altruistic
Agreeableness•Org
anized; controlled; deliberate; disciplined; dutiful; focused
Conscientiousness
•Well-adjusted; unworried; calm; confident; content
Emotional Stability
•Outgoing; optimistic; gregarious; vigorous; active; assertive; warm
Extraversion
•Dreamer; intellectually curious; open to ideas & values; tolerant; imaginative
Openness
•Integrity; rule-follower; uninterested in lavish wealth or material gain; non-entitled
Honesty-Humility
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FacetsFacets are components of the Factors
Conscientiousness
Dutiful
Desire to fulfill obligations
Desire to express loyalty
Organized Desire for routine
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Heritability of TraitsTrait Heritability Sex
DifferencesExtraversion .54 Perhaps
Agreeableness .42 Probably not
Conscientiousness .49 Probably not
Emotional stability .48 No
Openness .57 Probably not
Intelligence .80s+ (in adults) No
Vocational Interests .30s+ (.40 artistic) NA
Schizophrenia .80 No
Depression .37 Mixed Findings
Anti-social behavior .40+ (in adults) No
Anxiety Disorder .30 No
Thomas Bouchard (2004). Genetic Influence on Human Psychological Traits.
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PV
Validity for Big 5 by Occupational Category
Personality Dimension Sales CustomerService Managers
Skilled andSemi-skilled
JOB Training
Performance
Conscientiousness .29 .27 .19 .17 .24 .03
Emotional Stability .15 .13 .13 .09 .15 .09
Agreeableness .06 .19 -.04 .11 .12 .21
Extraversion .16 .11 .13 .01 .09 .19
Openness .04 .17 -.03 -.02 .06 .14
Hurtz & Donovan 2000
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PV
Big 5 and Academic Performance
How might each B5 factor be implicated in academic performance?
- managing anxiety and evaluation apprehension- socializing or studying- curious; tolerant of opposing ideas- compliant; meeting expectations of others- deliberate; organized
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PV
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PV
Negative Affectivity
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PV
Self-Monitoring
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PV
Holland’s Hexagonal Model of Occupational PersonalitiesAre your personal interests compatible with those of others who populate different occupations?
Occupational themes may be ‘oppositional’ or ‘congenial’
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Hexagonal Model Themes
https://www.skillsone.com
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PV
SVIB1
The Strong-Campbell Vocational Interest Blank
28 year-old female psychologist
Page 1
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PV
SVIB2
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PV
KSAOs?