THREE INTERNATIONALLY RECOGNIZED RIVER

RESTORATION PROJECTSNiles Brinton

Regulated Rivers

Skjern River

Skjern River Overview Restoration began in 1997 Last 14 miles of river and delta Farmland no longer productive River was polluting Fjord with nutrients and

sediment Pumping costs were high Fewer Atlantic Salmon Environmental concerns increased over time Much of the area now used for grazing Funded by EU and Danish Government

The final design was based on the following objectives: Restore meandering and natural dynamics Improve conditions for flora and fauna

including the Atlantic Salmon Ensure high water quality in the river system

and the Fjord (promote fishing) Improve the basis for outdoor leisure.

Economic Viability

Total Costs of the Skjern River Restoration Project (million €)

Land Procurement 12.6

Project Planning 2.6

Construction Works 16.1

Public Recreation Facilities 2.8

Environmental Monitoring 2.3

Other Costs 1.2Total 37.7 ($52 million)

Kissimmee River

Kissimmee River Overview Restoration began in 1997 Army Corps of Engineers made canal to drain

land for farming and to reduce flooding Massive public and environmentalist outcry

upon finishing C-38 canal Desire for improved water quality Desire for improved habitats 43 of 52 canal miles restored (106 river miles

originally) Funding came from state and federal

governments

Kissimmee River Restoration Goals

Use natural and free energies of the river system

Restore of natural seasonal water level fluctuations of river and surrounding lakes, marshes, and floodplains

Re-create conditions favorable to increases in production of wetland flora and fauna

Restore lost environmental values

Costs (million $)

Construction Costs 175.34Engineering and Design 14.03

Flooding Rights 58.4Headwaters Revitalization 29.8

Total 277.57

Chyeonggyecheon

Headwaters

Overview Project began in 2003 6 km in highly urban area Terrible Seoul traffic was dealt with by

removing arterial roadway, improving transit system

Elevated roadway was in disrepair Economic development was slower in this

region of the city Goals were community based

Restoration Goals Transform Seoul into an environmentally

friendly city by restoring urban ecology Enhance the cultural image of the city Revitalize the surrounding sections of Seoul Provide green space for the community

Costs (million £)

Design 2Demolition 24.8

River Formation 43.2Bridge Construction 33.5

Water Supply 12.1Road Repair 46.9Landscape 26.2 (8.7%)

Land Acquisition 4.7Total 193.4 ($300 million)

Comparison Skjern

Environmental concerns and large financial expenditure coupled with a lack of agricultural productivity triggers restoration.

Kissimmee Public outcry based on environmental

concerns triggers restoration. Cheonggyecheon

A crumbling freeway above a once “clean stream” and a simultaneous global green movement result in a restoration project to revitalize Seoul.