three main areas of a house
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Three Main Areas of a House. Interior Planning. Objectives. Differentiate between the three main areas of a house Connect prior use of tools to tool use in architectural drawing Design 3 main areas of a house Analyze various kitchen types Critique basic floor plans - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Three Main Areas of a House
Interior Planning
Differentiate between the three main areas of a house
Connect prior use of tools to tool use in architectural drawing
Design 3 main areas of a house Analyze various kitchen types Critique basic floor plans Apply concepts of scale to everyday life Create part of a floor plan using
architectural tools
Objectives
It’s a scaled drawing of a horizontal section through a building at a given level (usually 5’-0”)
a diagram of the relationships between rooms, spaces and other physical features at one level of a structure
Shows: location and dimensions of exterior and interior walls, windows, doors, major appliances, cabinets, fireplaces
Floor Plans
Information in a floor plan includes: Exterior and interior walls Size and location of windows and doors Built in cabinets and appliances Permanent fixtures Stairs and fireplaces – direction, number of
risers and width of stairs Patios and decks Room names Material symbols Scale, usually drawn ¼” = 1’
Floor Plans
Open vs. Closed Plans: Open Concept
◦ Rooms on the main level are not divided by walls. The line of sight leads from the front to the back of the house
◦ Good for families with kids, who want to see them at all times, when cooking, etc.
◦ This is currently a popular method of building
◦ Especially popular for smaller spaces
Floor Plans
Open vs. Closed Plans:
Closed Concept◦ Rooms on the main level
are mostly divided by walls into separate spaces.
◦ This is a more traditional method of building
◦ It allows for more privacy
◦ Better layout for larger homes than smaller homes
Floor Plans
It’s the movement of people from one area or room to another
You should plan for maximum efficiency of movement
Pathways should be short and not pass through other rooms too much
Traffic Circulation
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Famous TV Show Floor Plans
Sleeping Area Living Area Service Area
Areas of a Residential Home
Where people go for privacy, to rest, go to the bathroom, etc.
Located away from the busy areas (entrance, kitchen, family room, garage)
Rooms Include:◦ Bedroom◦ Master Bedroom◦ Bathrooms◦ Dressing rooms◦ Nurseries
Sleeping Area
Bedrooms: Should each have hallway
access and a closet! FHA (Federal Housing
Administration) Recommended Sizes:◦ Minimum= 100 sq. feet
(10’X10’)◦ Average= 125-175 sq. ft. ◦ Large= over 175 sq. ft.
More bedrooms in a home = more sale potential
Sleeping Area
Bedrooms:
Sleeping Area
Bedroom planning considerations: How many people are sleeping in the
room? What type of room is it? (a Master Suite
should also have a bathroom and large closet)
Leave at least 2’-0” on either side of a bed larger than a double size
Provide end table(s) for the bed Did you include a generously-sized closet? What other storage could be provided?
Sleeping Area
Bathrooms: Located near sleeping and living
areas An average residential house will
have at least1-1/2 baths Door should swing to avoid direct
view of the toilet Placed near or above each other or
kitchen◦ Save money to run more plumbing pipes
Avoid placing toilets under windows and having doors open directly to them
Include an exhaust fan and GFCI outlets (ground fault circuit interrupter)
Sleeping Area
Bathrooms: 3 types ½ Bath contains toilet and lavatory
(sink)
Sleeping Area
Bathrooms: 3 types ¾ Bath contains toilet / lav / shower or
tub
Sleeping Area
Bathrooms: 3 types Full (master) Bath contains toilet / lav /
shower / tub◦ Minimum full size- 5’X8’◦Large full sizes- 10’X10’, 10’X12’
Sleeping Area
Bathroom planning considerations: Leave15” on either side of the toilet Leave 24” in front of the toilet There should be a mirror over the sink! Is there enough light in the mirror area? The fixtures should follow common
dimensions:◦ Common tub size 30”x 60”◦ Shower size 30” x 30” to 36” x 48”
Sleeping Area
Closets: Minimum Depth- 2’-0”
(Recommended- 30”) Location
◦ near an entranceway ◦ on interior walls (noise
insulation/does not reduce exterior wall space for windows)
Access door types◦ Bi-fold ◦ sliding ◦ Hinged
Sleeping Area
Interior Doors: Minimum bedroom door size = 2’6”
W x 6’-8” H Other interior door sizes- 2’-3’or
wider in 2” increments Door should be near a corner (6”
from the wall) They should swing into the room They should not hit any bathroom
fixtures Do not block closets in the bedrooms Do not allow for direct viewing of a
toilet!
Sleeping Area
General Rules to Consider for Sleeping Area: Rooms should be grouped together whenever
possible Add switched lighting in every room (near
entrance) At least two windows are recommended
when there are two exterior walls Include plenty of furniture storage pieces
(side tables, bureaus, etc.) Consider a spot for a TV viewable from the
bed Each bedroom should have an accessible
bathroom
Sleeping Area
Where people relax, entertain guests, dine, read, watch the Phillies, play Rock Band…
Rooms include:◦ Formal Living Room◦ Family Room◦ Den or Study◦ Dining Room◦ Foyer◦ Patio, Deck,
Porch, Terrace◦ Game Room
Living Area
Formal Living Room: Usually has a formal
nature (reading, studying, relaxing, playing piano)
Room Sizes (FHA- Federal Housing Administration)-Minimum = 150 sq. feet-Average = 250 sq. feet-Large = around 400+ sq. ft.
Living Area
Formal Living Room:Living Area
Family Room: Less formal then the
living room (TV-watching, playing video games)
Where the family spends most of its time together
Living Area
Family Room:Living Area
Living Room & Family room planning considerations:
What is the space used for? What is the focal point of the space? How many people will it hold? What kind of furniture will be needed? Open plan or Closed plan? What kind of activities will it be used for? Special Lighting? Placement of windows is important
Living Area
Dining Room: Location
◦ Near Kitchen and Living Room
Room Size (FHA)◦ Minimum= 120 sq. feet◦ Average= 160 sq. feet◦ Large= around 200 or
more sq. feet
Living Area
Dining Room:Living Area
Dining Room planning considerations: How many people will be dining? You’ll need
to fit the correct-sized table. Leave at least 2’-0” behind the back of a
chair to the wall Open or closed plan? What works best?
Living Area
Foyer (Entrance Way): Should not enter into a
room, if possible Extension of entry to
protect house from weather◦ Minimum size- 6’ X 6’◦ Average size- 8’ X 10’
Should have a closet (min 2’ X 3’)
Door size should be at least 3’-0” x 6’-8”
Living Area
Foyer (Entrance Way):
Living Area
Other Entrance Ways:
Service Entrance◦ Entrance to mudroom
or utility room◦ Near kitchen
Special Purpose◦ Provides access to
patio or deck
Living Area
General Rules to Consider for Living Area:◦ Leave a minimum of 3’-0” between walls for
circulation◦ TV should be a minimum of 6’-0” away from sofa,
and centered in the seating area◦ Leave a space of 1’-6” between the sofa(s) and
coffee table in the middle◦ Side tables can be placed right next to furniture
with no extra space left over◦ Try not to create a traffic circulation route through
the seating area. Rather, it’s better if you can walk around the seating area to get to the next room.
Living Area
Where people perform jobs such as cooking, laundry, working with tools, etc.
Rooms Include:◦ Kitchen◦ Clothes care center◦ Garage◦ Carport◦ Storage
Service Area
Kitchen: Food preparation
◦ Can be extended for dining, storage, or laundry
Most expensive area of the house per square foot
Most active use of any room
Eat-in kitchen usually includes a small table (in addition to a separate dining room)
Service Area
Kitchen: Work Triangle
◦ Consists of the distance between the refrigerator, sink, and range (stove)
◦ Perimeter of triangle should be less than 22’-0”
Service Area
Kitchen: 6 types
Straight-line Kitchen◦ For small cottages and
apartments◦ Little cabinet space◦ Not very interesting◦ Not ideal for working
triangle
Service Area
Kitchen: 6 types
L-Shaped Kitchen◦ Located on 2 adjacent
walls◦ Efficient and usually
more attractive than a straight line
◦ 2 work centers on one wall and the other on an adjacent wall
◦ Not for largekitchens
Service Area
Kitchen: 6 types
Corridor (Galley) Kitchen◦ Uses two opposite walls◦ Small to medium size (ideal
for long narrow rooms)◦ Not ideal if there is too
much traffic through kitchen
◦ Leave at least 4’-0” of open space between cabinets
Service Area
Kitchen: 6 types
U-Shaped Kitchen◦ Popular, highly effective
and attractive◦ No traffic passes
through the kitchen to other areas of house
◦ Compact work triangle◦ Leave at least 5’-6” of
space between both sides of the “U”
Service Area
Kitchen: 6 types
Peninsula (G-Shape) Kitchen◦ Peninsula is a piece of
cabinetry projecting into empty space that’s often used as cooking center, eating area, or food prep center
◦ Plenty of work space◦ Traffic is reduced and work
triangle is compact
Service Area
Kitchen: 6 types
Island Kitchen◦ Modification of straight, L
or U shaped design◦ Island is stand-alone
cabinetry accessible from all sides that may house sink, cooking center, food prep area, or counter top/snack bar
◦ 4’-0” of clearance foreasy access
Service Area
Kitchen planning considerations: Should be located near a service entrance
and provide easy access to trash containers Usually next to the dining room Cabinets/Appliances
◦ Most 34 ½” high, 24” deep◦ Widths in 3 in increments (15”, 18”, 21”)
Wall cabinets◦ 12-13” deep◦ 12”-30” high (3” increments)◦ 12”-36” wide (3” increments)
Service Area
Laundry Room: Washing, drying, pressing,
folding, storing and mending clothes
Floors = water resistant Often located in the basement
b/c of noise and lack of space. Many newer houses build laundry closets on the 2nd floor
Washer and Dryer◦ 29” wide◦ 26” deep ◦ 43.5” high
Service Area
Laundry Room:
Service Area
Garage / Carport: Provides shelter for
automobiles Plan with storage in
mind, and a connection to the house
Attached (garage) or free standing (carport)
Sizes:◦ 1 car = 11’ x 19’ to
16’ x 25’◦ 2 cars = 20’ x 20’ to 25’ x
25’
Service Area
Garage / Carport:
Service Area