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Li ni u
TRNG I HC CNG NGH GTVT N TT NGHIP
Li ni u Trong mc tiu pht trin n nm 2030, nc ta v c bn s tr thnh mt nc cng nghip. Do , nhu cu v xy dng c s h tng c bit l pht trin mng li giao thng vn ti tr nn thit yu hn bao gi ht nhm phc v cho s pht trin nhanh chng v bn vng ca t nc.
Sau thi gian hc tp ti Trng i hc cng ngh giao thng vn ti, em c giao nhim v thc hin n l Lp d n, thit k k thut, thit k thi cng v t chc thi cng cu Km 17+392,12 ng Ph L - M Lc, tnh Nam nh. di s hng dn ca thy gio ThS. Lng Mnh Tin. y l c hi tt em cng c, trau di kin thc l thuyt thit k cu, thc hnh nng lc chuyn mn, bin kin thc l thuyt thnh nng lc thc t, gip em lm quen vi cng vic thit k v t chc thi cng, m bo yu cu trong k hoch o to ca trng, phc v thit thc cho cng vic sau ny.
n tt nghip ca em bao gm 180 trang thuyt minh, ---- bng biu, 01 cun ph lc v 15 bn v A1.
Kt cu n ca em gm 3 phn:
- Phn 1: Lp d n u t xy dng cng trnh
- Phn 2: Thit k k thut- Phn 3 : Thit k thi cng v t chc thi cng
Ngy thng nm 2014
Sinh vin
(k tn) Phm Vn Trng
Mc lcLi ni u...........................................................................................................................1PHN I: LP D N U T XY DNG CNG TRNH.........................................6
CHNG 1: GII THIU CHUNG..........................................................................6
1.1 S cn thit phi u t.................................................................................6
1.2 Cn c php l...............................................................................................6
1.3 iu kin t nhin, kinh t, x hi.................................................................7
1.4 Yu cu thit k v t chc thi cng..............................................................8
1.5 Tiu chun, quy trnh p dng.......................................................................8
1.6 Quy m xy dng cng trnh.........................................................................9
CHNG 2: PHNG N 1..................................................................................10
2.1 B tr chung v cu to phng n..............................................................10
2.1.1 Kt cu phn trn..............................................................................10
2.1.2 Kt cu phn di.............................................................................12
2.1.3 Cc b phn ph tr..........................................................................13
2.1.4 ng dn hai u cu.....................................................................14
2.2 Bin php thi cng phng n............................................................14
CHNG 3: PHNG N 2..................................................................................15
3.1 B tr chung v cu to phng n..............................................................15
3.1.1 Kt cu phn trn..............................................................................15
3.1.2 Kt cu phn di.............................................................................17
3.1.3 Cc b phn ph tr..........................................................................18
3.1.4 ng dn hai u cu.....................................................................19
3.2 Bin php thi cng phng n.....................................................................19
CHNG 4: SO SNH LA CHN PHNG N..............................................20
4.1 C s la chn phng n...........................................................................20
4.2 So snh v kinh t........................................................................................20
4.3 So snh v k thut......................................................................................29
4.4 So snh yu t m quan, an ninh quc phng.............................................30
4.5 So snh yu t mi trng, bo dng..........................................................30
4.6 Kt lun........................................................................................................30
PHN II: THIT K K THUT....................................................................................31
CHNG 5: THIT K M CU..........................................................................31
5.1 M t mt m thit k k thut....................................................................31
5.2 Tnh ton xc nh ni lc ti cc tit din m cu.....................................32
5.3 B tr ct thp ti mt s tit din m cu...................................................55
5.4 Kim ton sc khng ti mt s tit din m cu........................................57
5.4.1 Kim ton thn m ti tit din C-C.................................................57
5.4.2 Kim ton tng nh ti tit din D-D............................................72
5.4.3 Kim ton tng cnh ti tit din vt E-E......................................79
CHNG 6: THIT K CC TRONG MNG M CU.....................................85
6.1 Xc nh sc chu ti ca cc......................................................................85
6.1.1 Tnh ton sc chu ti ca cc theo t nn......................................85
6.1.2 Tnh ton sc chu ti ca cc theo vt liu lm cc........................86
6.1.3 Xc nh sc chu ti ca cc...........................................................87
6.1.4 Xc nh s lng cc cho mng m...............................................87
6.1.5 B tr cc trong mng m.................................................................87
6.2 Tnh ton chnh xc s lng cc trong mng.............................................88
6.3 B tr cc trong mng..................................................................................88
6.4 Xc nh ni lc trong tng cc..................................................................88
6.5 B tr ct thp thn cc................................................................................88
6.6 Kim ton cc khoan nhi...........................................................................89
PHN III: THIT K THI CNG V T CHC THI CNG M CU.....................95
CHNG 7: GII THIU V H S K THUT...............................................95
7.1 Gii thiu chung v cng trnh cu..............................................................95
7.1.1 iu kin t nhin, kinh t, x hi....................................................97
7.1.2 c im kh hu..............................................................................97
7.1.3 Thy vn dc tuyn...........................................................................97
7.1.4 a cht.............................................................................................97
7.1.5 Qui m xy dng cu........................................................................98
7.1.6 ngha xy dng cu.......................................................................99
7.1.7 Tiu chun, quu trnh p dng..........................................................99
7.1.8 Cu to m......................................................................................100
7.1.9 Bin php thi cng m....................................................................101
7.1.10 Vt liu..........................................................................................102
CHNG 8: THIT K THI CNG.....................................................................103
8.1 iu kin thi cng v bin php thi cng chi tit......................................103
8.1.1 iu kin thi cng...........................................................................103
8.1.2 Bin php thi cng chi tit..............................................................103
8.2 Tnh ton thit k phc v thi cng...........................................................103
8.2.1 Thit k t l phi hp b tng M300.............................................103
8.2.2 Tnh ton khi lng sn xut b tng...........................................107
8.2.3 Tnh ton nhu cu v cc loi my.................................................107
8.2.3.1 Chn my m b tng..........................................................107
8.2.3.2 Chn my xc cho thi cng...................................................108
8.2.3.3 Tnh cng sut my pht in cho cng trng.....................108
8.2.3.4 Tnh ton bm ht nc.........................................................108
8.2.4 Thit k vn khun.........................................................................109
8.2.4.1 Phn khi b tng.............................................................109
8.2.4.2 Cu to vn khun s 1..........................................................110
8.2.5 Tnh ton vn khun.......................................................................111
8.2.5.1 Tnh tn lt.............................................................................112
8.2.5.2 Tnh ton kh nng chu lc ca thp sn ngang................114
8.2.5.3 Tnh ton kh nng chu lc ca thp sn ng..................115
8.2.6 Gia cng ct thp............................................................................116
8.2.7 Tnh ton thit k vng vy cc vn thp.......................................117
8.3 K thut thi cng chi tit............................................................................122
8.3.1 Thi cng cc vn thp.....................................................................122
8.3.1.1 Yu cu kim nghim v xp t vt liu..............................122
8.3.1.2 Cm mc o c....................................................................123
8.3.1.3 Thi cng cc vn thp............................................................124
8.3.1.4 Nh cc vn thp...................................................................124
8.3.2 Thi cng cc khoan nhi.................................................................125
8.3.2.1 o t, khoan to l, h ng vch cc khoan nhi..............125
8.3.2.2 Cng tc ct thp m cu v cc...........................................132
8.3.2.3 Gia cng lng thp.................................................................137
8.3.2.4 Thi cng h lng thp............................................................137
8.3.2.5 ng b tng.......................................................................138
8.3.2.6 b tng..............................................................................138
8.3.2.7 p u cc v kim tra o c.............................................141
8.3.3 o t h mng.............................................................................142
8.3.4 Thi cng b m...............................................................................142
8.3.4.1 p u cc, o kim tra mng cc.......................................142
8.3.4.2 Buc ct thp.........................................................................142
8.3.4.3 Vn khun..............................................................................142
8.3.4.4 b tng b m...................................................................144
8.3.5 Thi cng thn m............................................................................144
8.3.5.1 Gia cng ct thp...................................................................144
8.3.5.2 Lp t ct thp......................................................................145
8.3.5.3 Lp dng vn khun..............................................................147
8.3.5.4 b tng thn m................................................................148
CHNG 9: THIT K T CHC THI CNG..................................................151
9.1 Cng tc chun b thi cng........................................................................151
9.1.1 Cc nguyn tc cn bn..................................................................151
9.1.2 Chun b cc vn bn v ti liu phc v thi cng v hon cng...152
9.1.3 Cc cng tc cn thc hin trong giai on chun b xy dng.....152
9.1.4 Xy dng vn phng lm vic, thit b phc v cng trnh............153
9.1.5 Chun b v nhn lc......................................................................154
9.1.6 Chun b v thit b.........................................................................156
9.1.7 Cng tc o c...............................................................................156
9.1.8 Cc yu cu c bn i vi vn khun, ct thp, b tng m cu..156
9.2 Thi cng m cu........................................................................................158
9.2.1 B tr mt bng thi cng.................................................................158
9.2.2 Gii php k thut cng ngh.........................................................159
9.3 Tin thi cng.........................................................................................159
9.4 Thit b, nhn lc thi cng ch yu............................................................159
9.5 Lp tin thi cng...................................................................................160
9.5.1 Cc cng vic chnh........................................................................160
9.5.2 Thc hin........................................................................................160
9.5.3 Tnh ton khi lng thi cng.........................................................161
9.5.4 Tnh ton hao phi nhn cng, ca my.............................................162
CHNG 10: D TON.......................................................................................164
10.1 Phng php lp d ton.........................................................................164
10.2 C s lp d ton.....................................................................................164 10.3 Cc vn bn..............................................................................................165 10.4 nh mc.................................................................................................165 10.5 n gi p dng.......................................................................................165PHN I. LP D N U T XY DNG CNG TRNHCHNG 1. GII THIU CHUNG1.1. S cn thit phi u t
Cu Km 17+392,12 ng Ph L - M Lc, tnh Nam nh. thuc d n u t xy dng tuyn ng b Ph L Nam nh, on t Ph L tnh H Nam n huyn M Lc tnh Nam nh.
y nhanh tc tng trng kinh t a phng cng vi i lin cht lng, tng trng v tin b cng bng x hi, gim bt khong cch chnh lch v mc sng, giu ngho, kh khn gia cc vng min a bn cc huyn ,vi thnh ph H Nam. Tp trung u tin u t pht trin cc ngnh kinh t mi nhn, vng kinh t ng lc i lin vi u tin u t pht trin kinh t - x hi, nng cao cht lng i sng, tinh thn cho nhn dn cc khu vc huyn v cc a bn ln cn. Cu c nm trn tuyn giao thng xy dng tuyn ng b mi Ph L M Lc l mng li giao thng quan trng ca t nc. N l mch mu giao thng quan trng ni lin cc vng min. Do thi gian xy dng qu lu, cu ny xung cp v khng p ng c nhu cu vn vi. V vy, cn phi xy dng cu mi thay th.
Cu mi s p ng c nhu cu giao thng gia cc vng min ngy cng cao ca t nc. T to iu kin thun li cho cc ngnh kinh t pht trin c bit l ngnh dch v du lch v vn ti. V kinh t: phc v vn ti sn phm hng ha, hnh khch, nguyn vt liu, vt t qua li gia cc khu vc, l tuyn ng quan trng trong qu trnh vn chuyn hnh khch, hng ha gia cc vng kinh t trong khu vc.
Do tm quan trng nh trn, nn cn thit phi xy dng cu mi v l vn chin lc pht trin kinh t ca t nc ni chung v khu vc ni ring, nm trong quy hoch mng li giao thng quc gia. Kt hp cht ch gia pht trin kinh t vi cng c an ninh quc phng, xy dng h thng chnh tr, nn hnh chnh vng mnh.
1.2. Cn c php l
- Lut Xy dng s 16/2003/QH11 ngy 26/11/03 ca QH kho XI, k hp th 4.- Lut u thu s 61/2005/QH11 ngy 29/11/2005 ca Quc Hi kho XI.- Lut s 38/2009/QH12 ngy 16/5/2009 ca Quc Hi kho XII, k hp th 5 sa i, b sung mt s iu ca cc lut lin quan n u t xy dng c bn.- Ngh nh 15/2013/N-CP ngy 06/02/2013 ca Chnh ph v Qun l cht lng cng trnh xy dng.- Ngh nh s 85/2009/N-CP ngy 15/10/2009 ca Chnh ph hng dn thi hnh Lut u thu v la chn nh thu xy dng theo Lut Xy dng.- Ngh nh s 112/2009/N-CP ngy 14/12/2009 ca Chnh Ph v qun l chi ph u t xy dng cng trnh.- Ngh nh s 12/2009/N-CP ngy 10/02/2009 v Ngh nh s 83/2009/N-CP ngy 15/10/2009 ca Chnh ph v qun l d n u t xy dng cng trnh. Ngh nh s 112/2009/N-CP ngy 14/12/2009 v chi ph u t xy dng cng trnh v cc vn bn hng dn thi hnh Ngh nh s 12 v 112.- Quyt nh 957 Q-BXD ngy 29/9/2009 ca B trng B Xy dng v vic cng b nh mc chi ph qun l d n v t vn u t xy dng cng trnh.- Ngh nh 31/2012/N-CP ngy 12/04/2012 ca Chnh ph v vic quy nh mc lng ti thiu chung i vi cn b, cng chc, vin chc, cc i tng thuc lc lng v trang v ngi lao ng lm vic cc c quan, n v, t chc. Mc lng ti thiu l 1.650.000 / thng. 1.3. iu kin t nhin, kinh t, x hi - iu kin t nhin: x V Bn l mt x ven nm pha ng nam tnh H Nam , pha ty bc gip vi tnh Nam nh c v tr quan trng nng ng l ca ng ca tnh, l huyn c nhiu thun li pht trin thnh trung tm chnh tr v vn ha ca tnh v khu vc. a hnh tng i bng phng. V Bn nm trong vng kh hu cn nhit i m: ma h nng m, ma nhiu t thng 5 n thng 9; ma ng kh lnh t thng 11 nm trc n thng 3 nm sau; thng 4, thng 10 l ma xun v ma thu, tuy khng r rt nh cc vng nm pha trn vnh ai nhit i. Lng ma trung bnh hng nm: 1.700-1.800 mm; Nhit trung bnh 23,5 C; S gi nng trong nm: 1.600-1.700 gi; m tng i trung bnh: 80-85%. Kt qu tnh ton thy lc, thy vn: Tnh ton, kt hp vi tnh hnh thc t kin ngh cc thong s thit k cu nh sau: + Tn sut thit k: P = 1%. + Lu lng thit k: Q1% = 5,03 m3/s. + Mc nc thit k: H1% = 2,28 m.
+ Vn tc thit k: V1% = 2,09 m/s.
a cht: Cn c vo l khoan thm d a cht ti mt v tr bc thit k c s: a tng t trn xung di ti l khoan gm cc lp sau:
+ Lp KQ: t p: st pha mu nu, trng thi do cng.
+ Lp 2: Bn st xm xanh.
+ Lp 4a: Ct nh xm en trng thi bo ha nc, cht va kp st pha mng.
+ Lp 4: Ct pha mu xm nu, xm en trng thi do. + Lp 6a: Bn st pha xen kp ct mu xm, xm nu. + Lp 7b: St pha mu xm nu, xm en trng thi do chy. + Lp 13: Ct ht nh xen kp ct pha, st pha mu xm nu trng thi cht va.
+ Lp 16a: Ct ht nh mu xm vng, xm nu trng thi bo ha nc, cht.
+ Lp 16b: Ct ht nh xm nu, trng thi bo ha nc, rt cht. - Kinh t: C cu kinh t ca x V Bn lun xc nh pht trin kinh t l nhim v trng tm trong 15 nm qua, kinh t nng thn pht trin theo hng chuyn dch c cu kinh t trong nng nghip. Nm 1997 nng nghip chim 80% n nm 2011 cn 33,6% n nm 2003, ton x c bn hon thnh vic DT t nng nghip t 1, to iu kin hnh thnh cc vng sn xut hang ha c gi tr kinh t cao. - nh hng pht trin kinh t x hi: i i vi vic pht trin kinh t, cng tc vn ha gio dc th dc th thao lun c duy tr v pht trin. Trong bi cnh t nc ang i mi, thc hin CNH-HH, ra sc thi ua thc hin thng li ngh quyt i hi ng ton quc ln th 11.1.4.Yu cu thit k v t chc thi cng
- m bo an ton cho ngi v phng tin tham gia giao thng;
- p ng cc yu cu khai thc ch yu nh; bn, d kim tra, thun tin duy tu, m bo cng, xt n kh nng m rng cu trong tng lai..
- Kt cu cu ph hp vi trnh v nng lc thi cng hin ti.
- m bo tnh thng thong v thm m cao.
- Cc yu t tuyn trn mt bng phi tho mn cc yu cu k thut tng ng vi vn tc thit k.
- Mt bng tuyn ph hp vi cc quy hoch hai bn ng v cc d n khc ln cn xung quanh.
- Tuyn phi tho mn cc yu cu k thut v hn ch ti mc thp nht khi lng xy dng v gii phng mt bng. Tuy nhin, cng phi m bo an ton v m thun ti mc ti a cho ngi v phng tin khi tham gia giao thng.
- Phi hp hi ho gia cc yu t: bnh - trc dc - trc ngang - cnh quan.
- Hn ch nh hng n mi trng trong qu trnh thi cng nh rung, ting n.
- m bo tnh kinh t.1.5.Tiu chun, quy trnh p dng - Tiu chun thit k cu 22 TCN 272-05; - Tiu chun thit k ng t: TCVN 4054: 2005; - Tiu chun ng t TCXDVN 375: 2006.
-Tiu chun thi cng cu ng b TCCS:02:2010/TCBVN;
-Tiu chun thi cng v nghim thu cc khoan nhi: 22TCN 257 -2000;
- Tiu chun k thut hn cu thp: 22TCN 280 -01;
- Tiu chun k thut sn cu thp v kt cu thp: 22TCN 235-97;
- Quy trnh thit k cng trnh ph tm v thit b ph tr thi cng cu: 22TCN 200-89;
- Quy trnh thi cng v nghim thu cc cng trnh nn mng: TCXD 79-1980;
- Quy trnh th nghim cc: TCXD 88 -1992;
- Quy phm thi cng v nghim thu kt cu b tng v b tng ct thp lp ghp: TCVN 4453 -1995;
- Quy trnh thi cng v nghim thu cu dm thp lin kt bng bu lng cng cao: 22TCN24-84;
- Quy trnh thi cng v nghim thu dm cu b tng ct thp ng sut trc: 22TCN 247 -98;
1.6. Quy m xy dng cng trnh
- Cu xy dng vnh cu bng BTCT v BTCT DL.
- Ti trng thit k: HL93. - Ti trng ngi i: 3 x 10-3 Mpa.
- Kh cu: B = 33,5m. Bao gm:
+ Ln xe c gii: 6 x 3,75 m.
+ Ln xe th s: 2 x 3,5 m.
+ Di phn cch gia: 2 m.
+ Di an ton: 2 x 0,5 m.
+ Lan can: 2 x 0,5 m. - Chiu di ton cu: L= 39,426m - ng t cp 8.
- Cu vt qua knh thy li.
+ Tn sut thit k: P = 1 %.
+ Knh khng thng thuyn, khng c cy tri.
+ Mt ct knh theo quy hoch:
Chiu rng y knh: By = 3,5m.
Chiu rng mt knh: Bmt = 13,9m.
Cao trnh y knh thit k: -1m (theo mc cao thy li). Cao b knh thit k: 2,4m (theo mc cao thy li).
Ta luy mi knh thit k: m = 1:5.
- Cao Quc gia cao hn cao thy li: 0,3m.CHNG 2: PHNG N 1 Cu cu Km 17+392,12 ng Ph L - M Lc, tnh Nam nh thuc a bn x V Bn tnh H Nam nm trn d n tuyn ng b Ph L Nam nh c qui m nh, v vy ta thit k, la chn loi cu c kt cu nhp gin n, m bo kinh t m quan v mc ch s dng trong tng lai ca a bn ti khu vc xy dng tuyn, m bo v k thut, kinh t, v kh nng m bo thot nc trong phm vi cu c xy dng.2.1. B tr chung v cu to phng n
Hnh 1.1: B tr chung cu
2.1.1. Kt cu phn trn
Hnh 1.2: Mt ct ngang kt cu phn trn
Hnh 1.3: Mt ct dc kt cu phn trn S lng dm dc trong MCN: 14 (ci);
S nhp cu: 1 (nhp);
Chiu di nhp cu: 25 (m);
dc dc cu: 0,08 %;
dc ngang cu: 2 %
Loi dm, chiu cao: dm I BTCT DL cao 1,45 (m)
Tng s dm dc trn ton kt cu nhp: 14 (ci)
S lng dm ngang trong 1 nhp: 24 (ci);
Tng s dm ngang trn ton kt cu nhp: 24 (ci)
Khong cch gia cc dm dc: S = 2,3(m);
B rng 1 bn phn xe th s B2 = 3,5 (m). Cao hn so vi mt cu hbh = 0 (m);
B rng phn xe c gii B1 = 3 x 3,75 (m.);
B rng di phn cch gia cu Bo (m) = 2 m. Cao hn so vi mt ng xe chy hpc = 0,315 (m);
B rng cc lan can 1 bn cu B3 = 0,5 (m);
Chiu cao lan can: 1,18 m B rng phn ng dn hai u cu Bn = 1 (m) Chiu dy lp ph mt cu hlp= 274 mm B rng mt ct ngang kt cu nhp cu: Bcau = B0 + 2*(B1 + B2 + B3) = 33,5 m. 2.1.2. Kt cu bn di
M cu: M kiu tng, bng BTCT, 20cc khoan nhi D=1m, L= 49m .
Hnh 1.4: Mt ct ngang v mt ct dc kt cu phn trn m cc khoan nhi
Hnh 1.5: Mt bng kt cu phn di m cc khoan nhi
2.1.3. Cc b phn ph tr
Hnh 1.6: Cu to gi cu
Loi gi cu: li st, lp ngoi m cao su kch thc 0,35x0,5 m. S lng gi cu: 28 ci. Loi khe co gin: khe co gin bng cao su. S lng khe co gin: 2 khe. ng thot nc bng ng PVC D150; S lng l thot nc(l): 6. Ct n lm bng thp. Khong cch gia cc ct 15 m. S lng ct n: 4 ct. Loi bng n c cng sut: Sodium-250W. 2.1.4. ng dn hai u cu
- 10m ng u cu m rng mi bn 0,5m, tip theo l 15m vut vo ng.
- Gia c mi bng hc xy va M100 dy 25cm, di lp dm m dy 10cm, trong 10m ng u cu mi taluy thay i 1:1.00 ti 1:1.50.
- Chn khay bng b tng, t nn lt bng hc xy va M100 dy 25cm. 2.2. Bin php thi cng phng n
Thi cng m M1, M2+ San i to mt bng thi cng.+ Thi cng cc khoan nhi.
+ o t h mng.
+ Lp dng vn khun ct thp. b tng m.
Thi cng kt cu nhp
+ San i mt bng lm bi c dm trn phn nn ng u cu.+ c dm. Khi dm 100% cng dng thit b chuyn dng lao dm ra v tr nhp.
+ b tng mt cu, l b hnh, lan can.
+ Hon thin cu v thi cng phn ng u cu.
CHNG 3: PHNG N 23.1. B tr chung v cu to phng n
Hnh 1.7: B tr chung cu
3.1.1. Kt cu phn trn
Hnh 1.8: Mt ct ngang kt cu phn trn
Hnh 1.9: Mt ct dc kt cu phn trn S lng dm dc trong MCN: 14 (ci);
S nhp cu: 1 (nhp);
Chiu di nhp cu: 25 (m);
dc dc cu: 0,08 %;
dc ngang cu: 2 %
Loi dm, chiu cao: dm I BTCT DL cao 1,45 (m)
Tng s dm dc trn ton kt cu nhp: 14 (ci)
S lng dm ngang trong 1 nhp: 24 (ci);
Tng s dm ngang trn ton kt cu nhp: 24 (ci)
Khong cch gia cc dm dc: S= 2,3 (m);
B rng 1 bn phn xe th s B2 = 3,5 (m). Cao hn so vi mt cu hbh = 0 (m);
B rng phn xe c gii B1 = 3 x 3,75 (m.);
B rng di phn cch gia cu Bo (m) = 2 m. Cao hn so vi mt ng xe chy hpc = 0,315 (m);
B rng cc lan can 1 bn cu B3 = 0,5 (m);
Chiu cao lan can: 1,18 m
B rng phn ng dn hai u cu Bn = 1 (m)
Chiu dy lp ph mt cu hlp= 274 mm B rng mt ct ngang kt cu nhp cu: Bcau = B0 + 2*(B1 + B2 + B3) = 33,5 m. 3.1.2. Kt cu phn di
M cu: M kiu tng bng BTCT, 96 cc BTCT, L=49m.
Hnh 1.10: Mt ct ngang v mt ct dc m cc ng
Hnh 1.11: Mt bng m cc ng3.1.3. Cc b phn ph tr
Hnh 1.12: Cu to gi cu
Loi gi cu: li st, lp ngoi m cao su kch thc 0,35x0,5 m. S lng gi cu: 28 ci. Loi khe co gin: khe co gin bng cao su. S lng khe co gin: 2 khe. ng thot nc bng ng PVC D150;
S lng l thot nc(l): 6. Ct n lm bng thp. Khong cch gia cc ct 15 m. S lng ct n: 4 ct. Loi bng n c cng sut: Sodium-250W. 3.1.4. ng dn hai u cu
- 10m ng u cu m rng mi bn 0,5m, tip theo l 15m vut vo ng.
- Gia c mi bng hc xy va M100 dy 25cm, di lp dm m dy 10cm, trong 10m ng u cu mi taluy thay i 1:1.00 ti 1:1.50.
- Chn khay bng b tng, t nn lt bng hc xy va M100 dy 25cm.3.2. Bin php thi cng phng n
Thi cng m M1, M2
+ B tr xng sn xut c cc ng gn khu vc xy dng cng trng m bo cng tc vn chuyn.
+ San i mt bng thi cng.
+ c cc. Khi cc 100% cng dng thit b chuyn dng a cc ra v tr thi cng.
+ Thi cng ng cc.
+ o t h mng.
+ Lp dng vn khun ct thp. b tng m. Thi cng kt cu nhp + San i mt bng lm bi c dm trn phn nn ng u cu.
+ c dm. Khi dm 100% cng dung thit b chuyn dng lao dm ra v tr nhp.
+ b tng mt cu, l b hnh, lan can.
+ Hon thin cu v thi cng phn ng u cu.CHNG 4. SO SNH LA CHN PHNG N4.1.C s la chn phng nSau khi xut cu to cc phng n cu, ta cn tin hnh so snh chn c mt phng n hp l nht tha mn cc yu cu v kinh t v k m thut. Khi so snh, thng ngi ta cn c vo cc tiu ch sau:
- Cn c vo tnh kinh t: Vi gi thnh vt liu, quy trnh cng ngh thi cng, chi ph ban u t, tui th cao, gi thnh thp, y l mt cng trnh quy m thuc hng va v nh. Tm quan trng ca cng trnh c nh gi cao, nn iu kin kinh t ca khu vc ni ny m bo. - Cn c vo nhu cu th trng: Cn c vo kt qu iu tra kinh t k thut v d bo kh nng cung cp v nhu cu tiu th sn phm m d n u t d kin sn xut ra trong giai on hin ti v tng lai.
- Cn c vo k thut, khai thc, bo dng: Cc phng n phi m bo vng chc cho cng trnh, cc hng mc bn trn, d thi cng, thi gian thi cng ngn; chy xe m thun, tin cy cao, s dng vt liu cht lng tt, tn dng c vt liu a phng. - Cn c vo iu kin thi cng: Khng gy chn ng ln ti cc cng trnh ln cn, c bin php hp l v khc phc cc kh khn. Phng n mng c m bo iu kin thi cng, v vy la chn cc khoan nhi vt tri hn so vi phng n cc ng.
- Tnh m quan: Th hin hnh dng m, kt cu nhp, lan can, dng dn, chiu sang, hnh dng tng th ton cu.
- nh hng n tc ng mi trng: xy dng kt cu mng, m, kt cu nhp t nh hng xu n mi trng.
4.2.So snh v kinh t Chi ph nguyn vt liu trc tip l cc khon chi ph v nguyn liu, vt liu, nhin liu s dng trc tip to ra sn phm dch v. m bo v mt kinh t cho khu vc.
Chi ph nhn cng trc tip: bao gm cc khon chi ph v tin lng, tin cng, cc khon trch np ca nhn cng trc tip to ra sn phm dch v m doanh nghip phi np theo quy nh.
Chi ph sn xut chung: chi ph s dng chung cho hot ng sn xut kinh doanh ca doanh nghip, v d nh: chi ph khu hao ti sn c nh, chi ph nguyn vt liu, cng c lao ng nh, chi ph dch v mua ngoiKt cu nh: Kt cu nhp, m, b m ca hai phng n l nh nhau nn ta khng cn phi so snh, chng c khi lng v s lng nh sau:+ Kt cu nhp:
Hnh 1.13 : Mt ct tit din dm I 25mDin tch mt ct gia dm:
S1 = 0,08x0,6 + 0,12x0,8 + 0,3x0,11 + 0,2x0,2 + 0,2x1 + 0,25x0,6 = 0,567 m2.
Din tch mt ct u dm:
S2 = S1 + 0,2x0,2 + 0,2x0,763 0,2x(0,11-0,037)
= 0,745 m2.
=> Th tch b tng mt dm dc l:
V1 dm = 24,4 x 0,567 + 0,6 x 0,745 = 14,282 m3.
=> Th tch b tng 14 dm dc l: V14 dm = 14 x V1 dm = 14 x 14,282 = 199,95 m3.Th tch 1 dm ngang s 1:
V1 dm ngang s 1 = 0,5 x 0,4 x 2,3 = 0,46 m3.
Th tch 1 dm ngang s 2: V1 dm ngang s 2 = 0,437 x 0,25 x 2,3 = 0,252 m3.
=> Th tch b tng dm ngang ca ton cu l:
Vdm ngang = 24 x ( 0,46 + 0,252 ) = 17,09 m3.
Th tch b tng bn mt cu: Vbn mt cu = 32 x 25,264 x 0,2 = 161,69 m3.
Th tch b tng bn vn khun ca ton cu:
Vbn k = 24 x 2,3 x 0,08 x 8,05 + 12 x 2,3 x 0,08 x 8 = 53,213 m3.
Th tch b tng lan can cu:
Hnh 1.14 : Lan can cu
Vlan can = 2x25,265x(0,515x0,30,02x0,02+0,05x0,23+0,1x0,15+0,13x0,15) = 10,12 m3. => Th tch b tng ton nhp cu l: Vnhp = V14 dm + Vdm ngang + Vbn mt cu + Vbn k + Vlan can = 199,95 + 17,09 + 161,69 + 53,213 + 10,12 = 442,063 m3.
=> Ct thp trn cc loi ly theo t l (110 kg/m3): Gthp nhp = = 48,627 Tn.D ton kt cu nhp cu:
STTM sTn cng tc / Din gii khi lng vK lngn giThnh tin
n giVt liuNhn cngMy T.CVt liuNhn cngMy thi cng
HMKT CU NHP CU
1AG.11215Sn xut cu kin b tng c sn, b tng x dm, 1x2, mc 300m317,09970.274388.11780.19116.581.982,76.632.919,51.370.464,2
2AF.61521Cng tc sn xut lp dng ct thp b tng c sn, ct thp x dm, ng knh