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Time Machine Project 1910-1945


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Table of Contents

1.Society / Culture

2.Economy

3.Politics

4.Art

5.Music 6.Food


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Society

1910-1945


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Cultural Repression

late 1930s until 1945, Japanruled Korea cultural repression.

1937 Japanese governor generalordered that all instruction inKorean schools be in Japanese

students not be allowed tospeak Korean inside or outside ofschool.

1939 Koreans to adopt Japanesenames - reported that 84 percent

of all Korean families had done so.

Korean-language newspapersand magazines were shut down.

Belief in the divinity of the

Japanese emperor wasencouraged, and Shinto shrines

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http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%B0%A9%EC%9E%90http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%B9%9C%EC%99%95http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EC%84%A0%EC%B4%9D%EB%8F%85%EB%B6%80http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%99%EC%95%84%EC%9D%BC%EB%B3%B4http://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%EB%AC%B8%ED%99%94%EC%A0%95%EC%B9%98&action=edit&redlink=1http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%BC%EB%B3%B8


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Chosun

Chosun Ilbo company was founded on March 5,1920. It was critical of the actions of pro-Japanesegovernment

Due to its publications against the Japanesepolice, Chosun Ilbo was given a suspension.

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http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%B0%A9%EC%9E%90http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%B0%A9%EC%9E%90http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%B0%A9%EC%9E%90http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%B0%A9%EC%9E%90http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%B0%A9%EC%9E%90http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%B9%9C%EC%99%95http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%BC%EB%B3%B8http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%B0%A9%EC%9E%90http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%B9%9C%EC%99%95http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%BC%EB%B3%B8http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%B0%A9%EC%9E%90http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%B9%9C%EC%99%95http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%B0%A9%EC%9E%90http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%B0%A9%EC%9E%90http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%B9%9C%EC%99%95http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%99%EC%95%84%EC%9D%BC%EB%B3%B4http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%BC%EB%B3%B8http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%B0%A9%EC%9E%90http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%B9%9C%EC%99%95http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%BC%EB%B3%B8http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%B9%9C%EC%99%95http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%B0%A9%EC%9E%90http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%B9%9C%EC%99%95http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%B9%9C%EC%99%95http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%B9%9C%EC%99%95http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%B9%9C%EC%99%95http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%B9%9C%EC%99%95http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%BC%EB%B3%B8http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%B0%A9%EC%9E%90http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%B9%9C%EC%99%95http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%B9%9C%EC%99%95http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%B9%9C%EC%99%95http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%B0%A9%EC%9E%90http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%B9%9C%EC%99%95http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%B9%9C%EC%99%95http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%B9%9C%EC%99%95http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%B9%9C%EC%99%95http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%B0%A9%EC%9E%90http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%B9%9C%EC%99%95http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%B9%9C%EC%99%95http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%B9%9C%EC%99%95http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%B0%A9%EC%9E%90http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%B0%A9%EC%9E%90http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%B0%A9%EC%9E%90http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%B9%9C%EC%99%95http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EC%84%A0%EC%B4%9D%EB%8F%85%EB%B6%80http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%99%EC%95%84%EC%9D%BC%EB%B3%B4http://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%EB%AC%B8%ED%99%94%EC%A0%95%EC%B9%98&action=edit&redlink=1http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%BC%EB%B3%B8http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/1920%EB%85%84


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Distortion of Korean history

and Relocation of culturalartifacts

In 1925, Japanese government established theKorean History Compilation Committee

Distorted the ancient Korean history to validate Japanese colonizationof Joseon

The Japanese rule of Korea resulted in the relocation of manycultural artifacts to Japan. At least 100,000 Korean artifacts were

looted and stolen during Japanese ruleIn 2002, the controversy was reignited when two Koreans stole twoKorean artifacts from a west Japanese temple. 75,311 cultural artifactstaken from Korea. Japan has 34,369 and the United States has 17,803.Korea frequently demanded the return of these artifacts, but theUnited States and Japan never complied.

On 10 Au ust 2010, Prime Minister of apan Naoto Kan promised to
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_History_Compilation_Committeehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_artifacthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naoto_Kanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naoto_Kanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_artifacthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_History_Compilation_Committeehttp://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%EC%82%AC%EB%A6%BD_%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90_%EA%B7%9C%EC%B9%99&action=edit&redlink=1http://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%EC%84%9C%EB%8B%B9_%EA%B7%9C%EC%B9%99&action=edit&redlink=1


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Educationunder

JapaneseJapanese administration introduceduniversal education patterned afterthe Japanese school system, with apyramidal hierarchy of elementary,

middle and high schoolstextbook of Hangul mix Hangul withChinese characters completelyabolished after 1938.

Classes focused mostly on teaching

the history of the Japanese Empire aswell as glorification of theImperial House of Japan.

As the Japanese administrative policyshifted more strongly towards

assimilation from the 1930s all classeswere taught inJapanese with Korean.

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p?title=%EC%84%9C%EB%8B%B9_%EA%B7%9C%EC%B9%99&action=edit&redlink=1http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%9C1%EC%B0%A8_%EC%A1%B0%EC%84%A0%EA%B5%90%EC%9C%A1%EB%A0%B9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial_House_of_Japanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_Empirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_the_Empire_of_Japanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_education


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Economy


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Modernization Efforts

Seoul became the first city in East Asia tohave electricity, trolley cars, water,telephone, and telegraph systems all at thesame time.

It remained a largely backward agricultural

economy at the turn-wide program of econ ofthe century.

Japan to increase agricultural production inKorea to meet Japan's growing demand forrice. Japan built large-scale industries in Korea

in the 1930s as part of the empireomic self-sufficiency and war preparation.

Thus most Koreans lived as subsistencefarmers of rice.

Manufacturers of traditional Korea

principally cloth, cooking and eating utensils,furniture, ewelr , and a er-ware roduced

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Asia


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Exploitation

Korean resources were only utilized for Japan.Most Koreans at the time could access only aprimary school few entrepreneurial classes.

94 percent of factories was Japanese-ownedand 92 percent of large-scale enterprises withmore than 200 employees were Japanese-

owned (all industries were owned either byJapan-based corporations). Koreanentrepreneurs were charged interest rates 25percent higher than the Japanese

As greater quantities of Korean rice wereexported to Japan, per capita consumption ofrice among the Koreans declined; between1932 and 1936, per capita consumption of ricedeclined to half the level consumed between1912 and 1916. More and more farmland wastaken over by the Japanese - Korean farmersbecame sharecroppers

Japanese developed port facilities and railway

system which included a main railway from thesouthern port city ofPusan through the capital

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Busanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Busanhttp://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%EB%8F%84%EC%A7%80%EA%B6%8C&action=edit&redlink=1http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%99%EC%96%91%EC%B2%99%EC%8B%9D%EC%A3%BC%EC%8B%9D%ED%9A%8C%EC%82%AChttp://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%95%85http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EC%A7%80%EC%A1%B0%EC%82%AC%EC%82%AC%EC%97%85


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Many Japanese settlers were interestedin acquiring agricultural land in Koreaeven before Japanese land ownershipwas officially legalized in 1906.

Governor-General Terauchi Masatakefacilitated settlement throughland reform, which proved extremelyunpopular with most of the Koreanpopulation.

Terauchi's new Land Survey Bureauconducted cadastral surveys thatreestablished ownership by basis ofwritten proof (deeds, titles, and similardocuments). Ownership was denied tothose who could not provide such writtendocumentation. Although the plansucceeded in modernizing the land

ownership and taxation structures, itadded tremendously to the bitterness

Japanese migration and landconfiscation (cont.)

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Terauchi Masatake(LEFT), the first

Japanese Governor-General of Korea,reestablished thepreexisting Koreanland-ownership system.
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,

1 1919 ~ 1921

0.68 ( 1 150kg) 1932 1936 0.40

.

,

(

) .

Japanese landlords included bothindividuals and corporations such asthe Oriental Development Company(BELOW). Many former Koreanlandowners as well as agriculturalworkers became tenant farmers,having lost their entitlements almost

overnight.

It is estimated that by 1910 perhaps 7to 8 percent of all arable land wasunder Japanese control. This ratioincreased steadily.

Lee Yong Hoon, a controversialprofessor at Seoul National Universityand a leading critic of the "New Right"Foundation ( ),states thatless than 10% of arable land actuallycame under Japanese control and ricewas normally traded, not robbed.

Korea suffered from famine due to its

Japanese migration and landconfiscation (cont.)
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Politics


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In the late nineteenth century,Korea was caught in theconflict among China, Russia,and Japan as each sought tomake a colony. Koreans,however, resisted all attemptsto limit their independence.

Through assassination ofmembers of the Korean royalfamily, the Japanese gainedinfluence in Korea. In 1910,Japan officially took control ofKorea.

19 , , .

.

. 1910

.


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2

. , .

.

1945 8 15

, 35 . 1945 9 8 ,

38

.

During World War II, Japan employedKoreans in its military efforts.

Koreans were drafted into theJapanese army or had to workunder dangerous, slave-likeconditions. The Japanese militarykidnapped thousands of Koreangirls and women and forced themto serve as comfort women whowere raped by Japanese soldiers.

Following the dropping of atomicbombs on Hiroshima andNagasaki, Japan surrendered on15 August 1945, ending 35 yearsof Japanese occupation. Howeveron September 8, 1945, when theSoviets and some KoreanCommunists stationed in thenorthern part of the peninsula,
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On March 1, 1919, an independencemovement erupted as students in

Seoul protested against Japaneserule, and a declaration ofindependence was read.However, when rumors spreadthat their king had beenassassinated by the Japanese andthat they were restricted from

mourning, the stage was set foran uprising.

Independe

nceMovement

1919 3 1 , .

.

Yu Gwan Sun(LEFT)

.

3.1

,
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Patriotism

Righteous Army (ABOVE) waged armedstruggles agiaisnt Japanese.

Murdered Myongson Hwanghu (Queen Min)and the enforcement of short hair

The Righteous Army units under the commandof Yu In-sok and other Confucian scholars,punished the pro-Japanese bureacrats and theJapanese throughout the country

Attacked the Japanese arm; Choe Ik hyon,leader, was captured and dragged away toTshuma Island where he refused the eat thefood given by the Japanes army and died as amartyr

Enforced an operation to recapture Seoul

1907

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1907

5 , 304

, 1908 7

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1907 1910

16,700 ,

36,770

130 ,

270

1,250 , 120 68,800


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Preserving the NationalCulture
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PreserveLearning

Interest in the national language and history wereheightened.

Chou si-kyong (ABOVE RIGHT) passed on the results from hissuccessful studies to promote the national language. Hetaught our language and letters to youths during the period ofthe patirotic englightenment movment.

He also set up Chosun language instiuttes to research andpropotgate the Korean language even under Japaneseoppression

Japanese imprisioned such scholars (the Chosun LanguageInstiutte Incident)

Sin Chae-ho (ABOVE MIDDLE) taught Koreas ancient history

Pak Un-Sik (ABOVE LEFT) wrote a book about the modernhistory of Korea to tell the world about the atrocities underJapanese rule and woeful indpenedce movement of ourpeople.

Pak Un-Sik was presidnet of Provisional Government of the

Republic of Korea and Sin Chaeho was a martyr who was

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MassMedia

Leaders of englightenment movement publishednewspapers and magazines to inspire patriotism andbring modern thought to the nation.

Hwangsong Sinmun, Cheguk Sinmun, TaehanMaeilsinbo, Manseibo and the Taehan Changag

Monthly.

Published papers during this period such as Tonga-Ilbo and Chosun-Ilbo implanted a modernconsciousnes is in the people

These papers were nevertheless suspended byJapanese.

New movements thus began to spring in literatureand art patriotic englightenment peirod

People also sang songs of independence

Yi kwang su and Yun Tongchu displayed the joys and


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Food


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Food during JapaneseOccupation

Many of the agricultural systems weretaken over by the Japanese to supportJapan's food supply.

Meals during the Japanese occupationwere monotonous. Koreans usually atetwo meals a day during the coldseasons, and three during the warmseasons.

Satiety, rather than quality, was mostimportant.

lower economic levels were likely toenjoy only a single bowl of white riceeach year.

Western food began emerging in the


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Fashion


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Fashion

modern women refer to a rare breed offashion-conscious women in the 1920-30s that went to school or receivedhigher education and ladies of royal and

nobility classes.During the height of the Japanese colonial rule (1910-1945), fashion underwent a rapid transition due toWestern influences.

The handbag, for example, was first introduced toKorean women at this time. As the handbags becamemore common, the womens clothing began to change

as well. Educated women at this time began to wear avariation of hanbok with a shorter skirt.


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Music


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Music

In the mid-1920s, Masao Gouga, a Korean-Japanese composer, mixed traditional Korean music with Gospel

music that American Evangelists brought with and have taught since the 1870s. This type of music became

known as Enka in Japan, and later in Korea as Trot

In 1932, a controversial plagarism was caught and condemned by an article in the Japanese magazine "New

Young Adult", Gouga's "Sakewa Namitaka Tameikika" was blamed for copying off the work of Korean

composer Su-Lin Jeon, which his version was named "The Calm Jang-Ahn". This event triggered a wave ofKorean musicians to flourish with talented composers such as Nan-Pa Hong, Gyo-Sung Kim, Yong-Hwan

Kim, Joon-Young Kim, Ho-Wol Moon, Mok-In Son, Shi-Choon Park , and Jae Ho Lee becoming the very

foundation of Trot music in its early stage.

Trot has been transformed over the years using a variety of instruments and mixing different styles of

music to become the dominant genre in the Korean music scene until the late 80's. To this day, Trot

music still remains as a popular genre for many; mostly with its very sad melody and heart-touching lyrics.

As Korea was liberated from Japanese annexation in 1945, Western culture was introduced to a small

crowd with the few Western style bars and clubs playing Western Music.

After the Korean War, which started on June 25, 1950 and lasted for 3 years, the country was separated

into two nations; North Korea and South Korea. U.S. troops remained in South Korea for

time machine project final

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