Time periods in contextRenaissance 1450 -1600Baroque period 1600-1750Classical period 1760 1810Romantic period1810 -191020th Centurymusic up to the present day

Renaissance 1450 -1600

Studied at Higher levelWhen Music gradually evolved from Modal to modern tonality

Baroque period 1600-1750Birth of OperaOrchestral musicInvention of violin and modern string familyCounterpoint (Polyphony)The Harpsichord is KingBirth of ConcertoComposers:BachHandelVivaldi

Classical period1760 -1810

Classical PeriodConcerto and opera continueNew formsSymphonySonataNew InstrumentsPiano takes over from harpsichordClarinet becomes part of the orchestraComposers:Haydn 1732 -1809Mozart 1756 -1791

Chamber musicMusic to be played in a room rather than a concert hallSolo or small numbers of instruments e.g. Piano sonata or string quartet

Chamber musicPiano sonataSonata is framework/ plan for most non vocal music in Classical music3 or 4 movementsFastSlow(optional dance like minuet)FastMozart K545

Mozart Piano Sonata in C K545Points to look for:Light textureAlberti bassBroken chordsArpeggioOrnaments trills and grace notesModulationCadences

Mozart Piano Sonata in C K545

Key signatures reminderThats Sharp!

For Flat!

I cant any sharps!

String QuartetThe string quartet consists of 4 parts/ instruments:Violin 1Violin 2ViolaCelloThe sound is visceral, expressive and the timbre hard-edged because only one instrument is playing each part

String orchestraA string orchestra consists of just string instruments. There are 5 main sectionsEach of these 5 parts play in unisonBoth the overall effect is of lush harmonyViolin 1 (First violins)Violin 2 (second Violins)ViolasCellosDouble basses

Eine Kleine NachtmusikThis music is in 3 movementsAllegroAndantePrestoThe first movement is in Sonata form:ExpositionTwo themes/keys are statedDevelopmentThe themes are developed by being broken up or turned upside down played in different keysRecapitulationThe themes are stated again in their original form but both in the home key of the movement

Describe violin 1 part on bar 1 beat 1Describe melody at bar 2

What is the name of the ornament here?

Last two bars line 4 describe rhythm

Describe rhythm

Staccato A -what is this called?

Describe melody

Double stopping

Broken ChordFanfaretrilldottedsyncopated(inverted) pedalSequence

Concepts checkAlberti bassBroken chord accompanimentBroken chordsChord notes played separatelyArpeggioBroken chord spanning an octaveRelative minorMinor key that shares same key signature as a major keySequenceRepeating pattern which ascends or descendsFanfareCall to attention usually in unison and using arpeggiosDouble stoppingPlaying two strings with the bow at onceStaccatoShort and detachedLegatosmoothlyCrescendo Getting louderDiminuendoGetting softerPedalHeld or repeating note above which chords changeInverted pedalPedal note is at the topCountermelodyTune which goes along with the main one in harmonyDescantCountermelody above the main tune