Timelines Tell a Story!

Name ________________________________________

A timeline shows when events happened. A timeline starts at the date of the first event and goes forward by making leaps in time. For example, if you make a timeline of your life, it will start when you were born. The timeline might include where you were born and the date. It might mark the date you got your first tooth or took your first steps. It might include the date a new baby was born in your family. It would continue with the date you started school and end with where you are now.

What you include on a timeline depends on what you want to show. Usu-ally it’s the main events that happened during a period of time. You have to choose what you think is the most important. You can also choose a shorter period of time for a timeline. You might like to make a timeline of the last year of your life. That means you can include more details on a one-year

timeline than on a timeline of your whole life.Below is a timeline of Columbus, Ohio. It does not include everything that

ever happened in the city’s history. That would be a VERY long timeline!Timelines give you a lot of information in a little amount of space! Take a

piece of paper and make a timeline of your school day today. Your first entry might be the time that you woke up, and your last entry might be the time of your social studies lesson. With this type of a timeline you would probably use hours for your intervals, or spaces between entries. Most timelines use in-tervals of years, centuries or even millions of years! All timelines need a title, so don’t forget to add one. Make sure your timeline’s dates are in the correct order! If a timeline is set up from top to bottom, the oldest event will be on top. If it’s set up from left to right, the oldest event will be on the left.

Week 1 of 32 • Page 4 Ohio: Time Periods and Timelines

WEEK 1

Think of three different types of primary sources and explain what information each can provide to historians.

Let’s Write1. Why is it important to understand what happened in the past in our state?

2. Why do many people not understand their local history?

3. How is the study of history different from the study of math?

4. What kind of timeline do you think would benefit your entire community?

5. Timelines allow communities to learn surprising things about their history. Is it always a good thing to learn everything about the past?

Historians use timelines to help them understand when events happened. Some timelines look at events that happened over a few years and some look at events that happened over thousands or even millions of years! With the permission of a parent or guardian, go online or to your library to research

some events that have happened in your community. Use the timeline provided to organize these events. Write one to two sentences about each event. Decide how far back in time you want to go and chose if you want to organize your community history by years, decades or centuries.

Community Timeline Activity

DATE: ____________________

__________________________

__________________________

DATE: ____________________

__________________________

__________________________

DATE: ____________________

__________________________

__________________________

DATE: ____________________

__________________________

__________________________

DATE: ____________________

__________________________

__________________________

DATE: ____________________

__________________________

__________________________

Timelines are Full of Information!

1492: Columbus lands in the New World.

1776: Declaration of Independence

is signed.

1787: Northwest Ordinance enacted.

1803: Ohio becomes the 17th state.

1816: Columbus

becomes the new state capital.

1902: Ohio’s General Assembly

adopts the state flag.

1861: The Civil War begins.

1861: Ohio enters the Civil War.

1914: World War I begins.

1945: World War II ends.

1964: President Johnson signs the Civil Rights Act.

Historical events are usually described in the order in which they happened. So, we say they are in chronological order.

Ohio Timeline, 18th-21st Centuries

Too many events have happened in Ohio and the United States to include in a timeline. The person making the timeline has to choose the events that are most important to include. Look at the timeline of Ohio, and you will see some of the main events in Ohio history. Will you see every event? Not at all!

This timeline gives an overview of Ohio’s history, but there are many other

topics to choose from. You might want to take a piece of paper and create a timeline of when famous Ohioans became president (there have been eight so far) or events that relate to American Indians in Ohio. Decide on an important Ohio topic and begin searching for events. What will your timeline show?

United States Timeline, 15th-21st Centuries

The events in the history of the United States could fill up thousands of books. Why do you think the following events were chosen for this timeline?

This timeline is a general outline of historical events in United States history.

Who would you include on a timeline of birthdates of famous Americans? What would you choose for a timeline of important events in American music?

A timeline doesn’t just have to show things in the past. Timelines can be used to give information for anything that happens over time. If you are having a big party and have due dates to order the things you will need, you can make a timeline. Invitations, a cake, decorations and other items may need to be ordered at different times. All of these dates can be put in a timeline to help you order things on time. That way you will not fall behind or forget something. In this case, your timeline is like a schedule!

1999: Michael B. Coleman is elected first African American mayor of Columbus.

1812: Columbus is founded near the Scioto River.

1890: Ohio State Buckeyes play their first football game.

1929: Port Columbus Airport opens.

1957: Interstate highway comes to Columbus

Connections Who uses timelines?We often think about historians using timelines to show important events.

However, many other people also use timelines in their work. Timelines provide a way to see events or place historical artifacts in chronological order.

Scientists often use timelines. For example, paleontologists, or people who study fossils, use timelines to show when ancient animals lived. These kinds of timelines deal with history that happened centuries or sometimes even millions

of years ago. These timelines require their creators to use a system of dating objects, life fossils, and artifacts that uses the terms B.C.E (Before the Common Era) or C.E. (the Common Era). The terms B.C.E. and C.E. help us with accuracy when dealing with historical

events. Biologists might show how a virus has changed over time. Astronomers might use a timeline to predict when a comet’s path will pass by Earth. Timelines are a useful tool in understanding the changes we experience over time.

1852: Original Statehouse burns down

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Timelines and Primary Sources

Week 1 of 32 • Page 3

Primary and Secondary SourcesHave you ever had to do a research

project but you didn’t know where to start? Primary and secondary sources can help you get the information you need! How do you know if the source you want to use is a primary source or secondary source? It’s not hard. Just read the lesson below and you’ll be on your way to becoming an expert researcher!

Primary and Secondary SourcesA primary source is a picture, an

object or a piece of writing created at the same time something happened. Let’s say you want to find out what your hometown theater looked like as it was being built 100 years ago. You should look for pictures and newspaper articles from that time. You can look online or at the library. Many libraries have newspapers going back many decades. (A decade is 10 years.) You might also study artifacts in museums. Artifacts are objects made by people. Maybe your local museum has one of the original bricks used to build the theater. That brick is an artifact, and it’s a primary source. Or maybe someone

who worked in the building next door back then wrote about it in her diary. Letters, pictures, diaries and old newspapers can all be primary sources.

A secondary source is something written by a person who was not at the event. Encyclopedias, textbooks and Studies Weekly newspapers are secondary sources. People who write secondary sources often use primary sources to get their facts. If you use old pictures to learn about your town or city, those are primary sources. When you write a report about what you learned, that’s a secondary source.

Think about it this way. Imagine that your cousin is the quarterback of his college football team. If he writes in his diary the night his team wins the big game, then that is a primary source. After all, he was there when it happened! But if your cousin tells his story to a newspaper reporter who wasn’t at the game, anything the reporter writes is a secondary source. That’s because the reporter was not there when the event actually happened.

Using Your SourcesMaps

If you want to see how your community has changed over time, then maps are very helpful tools. Look at the map of Ohio. The map shows how the population changed in five Ohio cities between 1900 and 2000. Study the map key and colors. How did the population of Ohio’s major cities change during that century (100 years)? Which city grew the most? Which city’s population stayed about the same?

PhotographsPhotographs are helpful research tools.

You can learn a lot about a place by looking at photographs. For example, some of the pictures on this page show that many people in Ohio have jobs in farming and industry. Photographs are important primary sources that give people information they may not be able to get anywhere else. What other information can you learn about Ohio from these pictures?

General Electric (GE) Aviation is one of the world’s biggest makers of jet engines.

Would you believe it is right here in our state? It’s true. The company is in Evendale, Ohio. Coal mining is an important industry in eastern Ohio. We are also among the nation’s largest producers of rubber and plastic. Do you know someone who works in one of these industries?

Did you know that Ohio is one of the nation’s largest producers of tomatoes? Fremont, Ohio, claims to have the world’s biggest ketchup factory! Ohio workers also produce large amounts of our nation’s Swiss cheese and eggs. Thousands of people in our state make their living in agriculture (farming) and the dairy industry.

Throughout the year, you will get to hear from five friends. They are just as excited about Social Studies as you are! Natalia and Steven will be your go-to friends. They will help you understand what people were going through during certain time periods. They’re learning just like you, so you might also hear from their teacher, Ms. Johnson. With these friends by your side, you’re ready to take Studies Weekly to another level!

“Hey, Natalia! How was your summer?” asked Steven.

“It was awesome! We did not go on a vacation, but we visited a lot of family and friends. We also visited the National Underground Railroad Freedom Center and the Ohio History Center. They were really neat!”

“Awesome! What did you see there?” asked Steven.“Oh, Steven! These museums were so interesting.

There were primary sources from Phyllis Wheatley and even a marriage certificate between two enslaved persons. It was so neat to see artifacts from so long ago.”

“That sounds great, but what is a primary source?” asked a confused Steven.

“A primary source is an original document created or experienced with the event being researched. It’s from a person that was at the actual place. Take Phyllis Wheatley, for example. Her book of poems was on display. She even wrote letters to George Washington!” replied Natalia.

“What was the other place you visited?” inquired Steven.

“We went to the Ohio History Center. My dad thought it would be great if I could learn more about the history of the state of Ohio because we are going to be learning about Ohio and the United States this year. There were some primary sources there too and the museum is huge! It covers Ohio’s history from the Ice Age until present day! The museum was set up like

a timeline.”“So, it was a straight building with lines?”

asked Steven.“No! It was set up by different times from the Ice

Age up to the present. It would be really unorganized if they put all of the great artifacts in one room. A timeline is a picture of events that happened in order. So the rooms at the museum were set up in order.” explained Natalia.

“Welcome to Fourth Grade,” said Ms. Johnson. “By the chatter I hear, it sounds like everyone has had a fantastic summer! I am Ms. Johnson, your Social Studies teacher this year. I am looking forward to a great year!

“I’d like to start this year off by discussing timelines and primary sources. We will be using both of these frequently in class this year so we need to know what they are. Does anyone know what a timeline is?” asked Ms. Johnson.

Steven raised his hand. “It is a picture representation of events in chronological order.” He hoped Natalia was impressed with his answer.

“That’s right! Now what about a primary source? Does anyone know what that is?” probed Ms. Johnson.

Natalia raised her hand. Thanks to her summer experiences, she knew exactly what a primary source was. “It’s a document from a person who was actually at the event.”

“You’re right, Natalia! Wow, I am impressed!” exclaimed Ms. Johnson.

“For our first assignment of the school year, I would like for you to all get out your laptops. I would like for you to create a timeline of important events in the history of Ohio by researching on your laptop. When finished, please create a timeline either on paper or your laptop. You should include around 10 events.

“One more thing: Because this is your first day back

at school, you’ll work with a partner!” Ms. Johnson directed the class.

Natalia and Steven got to work right away with their classroom laptops. At the end of the class, Natalia and Steven shared their timeline with the class. They included events such as The American Revolution,

Enabling Act, Battle of Buffington Island, Cincinnati Red Stockings, Ohio Turnpike, Carl Stokes becomes the first African American Mayor of a city, Ohio State Flag adopted, Blizzard of 1978, and Ohio’s Statewide Smoking Ban in Public Places.

At the end of the class, Natalia and

Steven presented their timeline to the class. Ms. Johnson was pleased with their work.

“Natalia, I think this year Social Studies is going to be interesting. I didn’t realize so many important things happened in Ohio. I am excited to learn about the state that I live in!” said Steven. Natalia agreed.

Throughout the year, you will get to hear from five a timeline.”

Ohio

Vol. 20 © Ohio Studies Weekly (ISSN 1529-1022) © 2020 Studies Weekly, Inc. • Known office of publication: 1140 N 1430 W, Orem, UT 84057. Toll free phone (866) 311-8734 • Fax (801) 785-5511 • Text (385) 399-1786 • For pricing information go to www.studiesweekly.com • For ordering information, questions, editorial comments and feedback e-mail support@studiesweekly.com • Material in this publication may not be reproduced for sale in print or electronic format. • Printed in the USA • CPSIA 103(a) compliant info: www.studiesweekly.com/cpsia/ Tracking Number: SW556-202L-A0

Timelines Tell a Story!

Name ________________________________________

A timeline shows when events happened. A timeline starts at the date of the first event and goes forward by making leaps in time. For example, if you make a timeline of your life, it will start when you were born. The timeline might include where you were born and the date. It might mark the date you got your first tooth or took your first steps. It might include the date a new baby was born in your family. It would continue with the date you started school and end with where you are now.

What you include on a timeline depends on what you want to show. Usu-ally it’s the main events that happened during a period of time. You have to choose what you think is the most important. You can also choose a shorter period of time for a timeline. You might like to make a timeline of the last year of your life. That means you can include more details on a one-year

timeline than on a timeline of your whole life.Below is a timeline of Columbus, Ohio. It does not include everything that

ever happened in the city’s history. That would be a VERY long timeline!Timelines give you a lot of information in a little amount of space! Take a

piece of paper and make a timeline of your school day today. Your first entry might be the time that you woke up, and your last entry might be the time of your social studies lesson. With this type of a timeline you would probably use hours for your intervals, or spaces between entries. Most timelines use in-tervals of years, centuries or even millions of years! All timelines need a title, so don’t forget to add one. Make sure your timeline’s dates are in the correct order! If a timeline is set up from top to bottom, the oldest event will be on top. If it’s set up from left to right, the oldest event will be on the left.

Week 1 of 32 • Page 4 Ohio: Time Periods and Timelines

WEEK 1

Think of three different types of primary sources and explain what information each can provide to historians.

Let’s Write1. Why is it important to understand what happened in the past in our state?

2. Why do many people not understand their local history?

3. How is the study of history different from the study of math?

4. What kind of timeline do you think would benefit your entire community?

5. Timelines allow communities to learn surprising things about their history. Is it always a good thing to learn everything about the past?

Historians use timelines to help them understand when events happened. Some timelines look at events that happened over a few years and some look at events that happened over thousands or even millions of years! With the permission of a parent or guardian, go online or to your library to research

some events that have happened in your community. Use the timeline provided to organize these events. Write one to two sentences about each event. Decide how far back in time you want to go and chose if you want to organize your community history by years, decades or centuries.

Community Timeline Activity

DATE: ____________________

__________________________

__________________________

DATE: ____________________

__________________________

__________________________

DATE: ____________________

__________________________

__________________________

DATE: ____________________

__________________________

__________________________

DATE: ____________________

__________________________

__________________________

DATE: ____________________

__________________________

__________________________

Timelines are Full of Information!

1492: Columbus lands in the New World.

1776: Declaration of Independence

is signed.

1787: Northwest Ordinance enacted.

1803: Ohio becomes the 17th state.

1816: Columbus

becomes the new state capital.

1902: Ohio’s General Assembly

adopts the state flag.

1861: The Civil War begins.

1861: Ohio enters the Civil War.

1914: World War I begins.

1945: World War II ends.

1964: President Johnson signs the Civil Rights Act.

Historical events are usually described in the order in which they happened. So, we say they are in chronological order.

Ohio Timeline, 18th-21st Centuries

Too many events have happened in Ohio and the United States to include in a timeline. The person making the timeline has to choose the events that are most important to include. Look at the timeline of Ohio, and you will see some of the main events in Ohio history. Will you see every event? Not at all!

This timeline gives an overview of Ohio’s history, but there are many other

topics to choose from. You might want to take a piece of paper and create a timeline of when famous Ohioans became president (there have been eight so far) or events that relate to American Indians in Ohio. Decide on an important Ohio topic and begin searching for events. What will your timeline show?

United States Timeline, 15th-21st Centuries

The events in the history of the United States could fill up thousands of books. Why do you think the following events were chosen for this timeline?

This timeline is a general outline of historical events in United States history.

Who would you include on a timeline of birthdates of famous Americans? What would you choose for a timeline of important events in American music?

A timeline doesn’t just have to show things in the past. Timelines can be used to give information for anything that happens over time. If you are having a big party and have due dates to order the things you will need, you can make a timeline. Invitations, a cake, decorations and other items may need to be ordered at different times. All of these dates can be put in a timeline to help you order things on time. That way you will not fall behind or forget something. In this case, your timeline is like a schedule!

1999: Michael B. Coleman is elected first African American mayor of Columbus.

1812: Columbus is founded near the Scioto River.

1890: Ohio State Buckeyes play their first football game.

1929: Port Columbus Airport opens.

1957: Interstate highway comes to Columbus

Connections Who uses timelines?We often think about historians using timelines to show important events.

However, many other people also use timelines in their work. Timelines provide a way to see events or place historical artifacts in chronological order.

Scientists often use timelines. For example, paleontologists, or people who study fossils, use timelines to show when ancient animals lived. These kinds of timelines deal with history that happened centuries or sometimes even millions

of years ago. These timelines require their creators to use a system of dating objects, life fossils, and artifacts that uses the terms B.C.E (Before the Common Era) or C.E. (the Common Era). The terms B.C.E. and C.E. help us with accuracy when dealing with historical

events. Biologists might show how a virus has changed over time. Astronomers might use a timeline to predict when a comet’s path will pass by Earth. Timelines are a useful tool in understanding the changes we experience over time.

1852: Original Statehouse burns down

Think & Review

23

21

06

30

23

07

*OH-04

-SS-EN

-SE-V1

_20*

OH

-04-

SS-E

N-S

E-V

1_20