Aim: What challenges were leaders of the Allied countries forced to deal with as the war came to a close?

Title: A flawed peace and its dire consequences

Do Now:

1. Review the handout/packet.

Aim: What challenges were leaders of the Allied countries forced to deal with as the war came to a close?

Title: A flawed peace and its dire consequences

Do Now:

1. Discuss this question with the person next to you and be prepared to share with the class

a. Think of an argument or conflict you have had with someone. How did you end

it? Was it completely squashed, or does it

still come up?

OBJECTIVE I

1.Upon the conclusion of a war, major fight, what happens/occurs afterwards? - Students are asked to list and then examine at least two (2) things that often occur/happens once a war has concluded its course.

- If any, what problems might the differing “parties” face right after the war?

- Can a post war era lead to another war? Why, or why not?

A Flawed Peace?

1. Now, based on assignment #1, how likely will excess punishment lead to more misbehavior? Think carefully prior to responding.

- Always? Sometimes? Or never?

A Flawed Peace :World War I Ends

(Ch. 27. 4 – 27.5)

The Allies meet at Versailles• Delegates represented 32 different

countries. • Russia, Germany, and Germany’s

allies were not represented. • Most decisions were made by the

big four:• Woodrow Wilson – U.S.• Georges Clemenceau – France• David Lloyd George – Great Britain• Vittorio Orlando – Italy

• Some countries not invited to Paris: LOSER were not welcomed to this party.. wink! wink!

German RepublicWhy? need to blame Germans

Austria-HungaryWhy? Country to be broken up

Ottoman EmpireWhy? Will also be broken up – British want Mid East

Lenin & Russia

Why? Traitor & don’t like communists!

Colonies seeking IndependenceNationalist leaders not invited or asked to leave

Paris Peace ConferenceParis Peace Conference• The PPC begins in January of 1919

• The big four goals:

1) Woodrow Wilson - USA

Wants lasting peace!

2) Lloyd George – Great Britain

Punish Germany!

3) Georges Clemenceau - France

Get Revenge!1)Blame Germany for war

4) Vittorio Orlando - Italy

Get Anything!1)Want land from Austria-Hungary

1)Fourteen Points

a)Self determinationb)League of Nations

1)German reparations

2)Weaken German Army

3) Central Powers should lose territory

2)Take back territory

3) German reparations

OBJECTIVE II1. Compare & contrast the Treaty of

Versailles with that of Pres. Thomas Woodrow Wilson’s 14 Points.

- Students are asked to reference their notes, HW, & textbook carefully while conducting this assignment.

Treaty of Versailles 14 Points

Chapter 27 – Section 4 & 5 A FLAWED PEACEWILSON’S goal of achieving a JUST peace differed from the peace objective of FRANCE and BRITAIN

• A just and lasting peace;• An end to secret

treaties• Freedom of the seas• Free Trade• Reduction of

EVERYONE’S armies and navies

• Self-Determination for colonies

• The creation of a WORLD PEACE ORGANIZATION

• Concerned with National Security

• Concerned with cost of rebuilding nations’ lands

• Desire to strip Germany of its war-making power

• Make Germany pay!

Treaty of Versailles

Treaty of Versailles• 1918: Treaty signed

by Great Britain, France, United States, Italy, Germany, and Austria

• Treaty officially ends World War I

• Treaty decided the direction of the World After World War I

What was the Treaty Supposed To Do?

• A fair peace achieved by ending secret treaties

• freedom of the seas

• free trade between nations

• smaller militaries

What was the Treaty Supposed To Do?

• fairness towards colonized peoples

• self-determination: letting colonized peoples rule themselves

• League of Nations: an international world wide peace keeping organization

What Did Great Britain and France Want the Treaty to Do?

• TO PUNISH GERMANY!

• Reward themselves

• strip Germany of its ability to wage war,

Punishment for Germany • Germany lost a lot of

territory!! • Germany had severe

restrictions placed on its military

• Germany had to pay $33 Billion in reparations to GB/Fr.

• “War-Guilt Clause:” accept total blame for the war

U.S. President Woodrow Wilson

Wilson’s 14 Points • President Wilson’s Plan to maintain world

peace after World War I

Wilson’s 14 Points• Included League of Nations: an

international peace keeping organization

League of Nations• America did not join: they didn’t want to be

dragged into future European wars because of treaties or alliances

• Without U.S. support the League of Nations was unable to take action in various problems and disputes around the world

• What does this political cartoon suggest about the League of Nations?

• What does this political cartoon suggest about the League of Nations?

The cartoon shows U.S. Pres. Thomas Woodrow Wilson blowing bubbles

Countries Feel Cheated • a legacy of

resentment and rage amongst

Germans

• Africans/Asians were angry they weren’t granted independence

• Japan and Italy angry they weren’t given as much land as GB and France

Legacy of the Treaty of Versailles

• Problems, greed, shortcomings of the Treaty of Versailles caused more anger, frustration, and resentment that before World War I

• The Shortcomings of the Treaty eventually allowed _____________to rise to power……………

Let’s Discuss…

1. Why did so many people believe this was the “War to end all Wars”?

2. Do you believe it is possible to prevent WAR? Why or why not?

3. Knowing what you know about World War One, what are some ways World War Two could have been prevented?

LEGACY OF THE TREATY OF VERSAILLESBitterness and Loss!!!

Why did the USA Reject the Treaty?

How did this rejection affect the League of Nations?

Why did many countries feel bitter and

cheated as a result of the treaty?GERMANY …

AFRICANS & ASIANS …

JAPANESE & ITALIANS…

LEGACY OF THE TREATY OF VERSAILLESBitterness and Loss!!!

Why did the USA Reject the Treaty?1. Senate and citizens object to the

League of Nations… Did not want to align with European “WARMONGERS”

2. Believed the USA should Stay out of Europe’s Affairs… Isolationists/Neutrality attitude.

ISOLATIONISM!!!

How did this rejection affect the League of Nations?

Without American support, League is unable to Succeed…

NO MILITARY TO ENFORCEITS DECISIONS!!!

Why did many countries feel bitter andcheated as a result of the treaty?GERMANY … War Guilt left Legacy of hatred!

(Unfortunately, this “PUNISHMENT” of Germany, added to the Great Depression, led to the rise of the National Socialist German Workers Party aka NAZI Party & some guy named, Adolf Hitler (a decorated WWI veteran)… By any chance, have you heard of him? Hmmm!)

AFRICANS & ASIANS …Angry that they were not granted

independence!JAPANESE & ITALIANS… This will later

lead to future imperialism for both countries. As a result, like the Great War (WWI) it was one of the primary causes of WWII.

Gained less land than they wanted.

Germany • Peace seen as imposed & harsh both

by • New regime (Socialists and Catholics)• Supporters of older order

• Germany weakened, but • neither entirely • nor permanently

• Reject war guilt clause• Reluctant to acknowledge defeat

Adolph Hitler (r. 1933-1945)

Bottom line: What say you?

• Did the peace treaties• Provide security?• Make the world safe for democracy?

Was it • The best possible solution at the time?

or

• A flawed peace?- Give your reasoning