TL-I Groundnut Breeding Status Report, Tanzania – May 2012

O.Mponda, E. Monyo, E. Kafiriti, J. Mfaume, H. Daudi, P. Mashamba

Presented at Annual Meeting - Tropical Legumes I-Phase 2 Generation Challenge Programme 7-11

May 2012, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Research Team at Naliendele, Tanzania

• Dr. O. Mponda –Principal Collaborator, Lead Scientist and Zonal Res Coord• Dr. Elly Kafiriti – Agronomist and Zonal Director • Philipo Mashamba – MSc student under TL1• Juma Mfaume – Breeder ( MSc TL-II support)• Happy Daudi – MSc student under COSTECH – Government support• Athanas Minja – MSc student under McKnight CCRP Support• Joseph Nzunda – Agronomist (BSc)• Joane Kasuga – PAFO - Pathology• Charles Mkandawile – PAFO - Breeding• David Ndolelwa – AFO – Breeding

• Support staff• Masud Rashid - Driver

• Collaborators – Sister NARS Ukiriguru, Tumbi, Selian, Makutopora• District Councils – Extension officers and farmers

Oilseeds and Grain Legumes Research Programme/Projects activities – NARI Tanzania

• Phase II-Tropical Legumes I – Groundnut Molecular Breeding• Phase II-Tropical legumes II – Groundnut Breeding and seed

systems project.• Phase II Mcknight CCRP Groundnut Breeding and aflatoxin

project TZ and MW– Innovative Communication Media and Methods – ICMM Project TZ

and MW• Mcknight CCRP Bambara Research Project TZ,MW and MZ• African Dry land Alliance for Plant Pesticides Technologies

(ADAPPT)- 8 countries in Africa • EU 9th EDF- funded ICART –SADC Sesame Project

Groundnut Research History in Tanzania

• Groundnut research in Tanzania was started in early 1950s, at Nachingwea and Kongwa to support the then Overseas Food Corporation (OFC) groundnut scheme after WWII

• Groundnut scheme failed in late 1950s and at Nachingwea added crop research on soybean, sesame

• After independence in 1961 to 1970s research on groundnuts lacked cohesion

• In 1978 Oilseeds research Project was started and included groundnuts, sesame and sunflower.

• 11 varieties of groundnuts have been released to date

Groundnut producing regions in Tanzania

Groundnuts Production-Tanzania

Cropped Area (2008-10 avg)

Production(2008-10 avg)

Av. Yield (2008-10 avg) (A)

Potential yield (B)

Realizable Yield (C)

Yield Gap (C-A)

million ha million tonnes Kg/Ha Kg/Ha Kg/Ha Kg/Ha

0.54 0.39 721.38 3,000 1500 778.62

Groundnuts Crop yields kg/ha (FAOSTAT 2009)

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

1990

1992

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

2006

2008

Key constraintsConstraint Groundnuts

Abiotic Drought, poor soil fertility, poor agronomic practices

Biotic Rosette , rust , Early Leaf Spots, Late Leaf Spots,Groundnut hopper – Hilda patruelis

Socio-Econ Seed availability, Aflatoxin contamination, Inadequate value addition and agro-processing activities ,

Inadequate extension officers for groundnuts/legumes

TLI Groundnut Breeding visitors Tanzania 2011-12

• International• Dr Xavier Delannay visited Naliendele in Dec 2011 to follow up irrigation

system and held discussion with Agro-Rain Contractors.• Dr. E. Monyo visited Naliendele in December 2011and February 2012 • Dr. Hannibal Muhtar AGRICON International Inc. visited Naliendele on 25-

28 March 2012 to follow-up irrigation system

• National Government Officials• Permanent Secretary Ministry of Agriculture• Director of research and Development MAFSC• COSTECH Supporting funds for seed production 10 block – BOQ in and

tendering progress• M and E Team from the Ministry• Media TBC

Trial SitesRust phenotypingtrial

Naliendele

phenotyping for rosette

Naliendele

PVS trials TLI limked to TL-II (ELS, Rust, Rosette

Southern – Masasi and Nanyumbu

TLI trials 2011-12

Data sets• Phenotyping for rust – at the station• Phenotyping for rosettes – at the station• On-station PVS – 3 sets at 2 sites:

Status • The trials planted in February they are maturity but not harvested. • Disease score data completed 3 times • Next Analysis of disease score data• 2 years data will now be available from which we can conclude.

• On-farm PVS – status• Disease score data collected• Some entries showing evidence of resistance• Resistance Vs pod/kernel size – market traits

New sources of resistance from Reference under PVS

• Rust: ICGV 02194, ICG 11426, ICGV 01276, ICGV 02286, and ICG 02446

• Rosette: ICG 14705, ICG 13099, ICG 9449, and ICG 15405

• ELS in ESA; ICG 6022, ICG 405, ICG 14466, ICG 6057, ICG 9449 and ICG 12509

Galaxy tablet - Comments

• Positive-You spend less time to organize data before analysis

• Negative - It has no simple way of making back- up in the field e.g. use of flash drive.

• Add comments: There are a lot of third part applications such us internet, but there not configured, thus able to access internet.

• Recommended for use

IB Field Books

• Still at learning stage• Need more trainings

TL-I Infrastructure development/upgrading skills

MSc.training - Mashamba Philipo - MScSUA since Sept 2011

2 Techn will receive training in Data quality by June 2012

Juma Mfaume trained in statistics by April 2012

Irrigation system: Electric Power line to the breeding plot and then to the borehole.The Tanzania Government will support expansion of irrigation area -10 for Breeder seed multiplication –BOQ and tendering in progress

Equipments: Portable weather station,Leaf area meter, Spad Meter, screen house Work area renovation, fridges, digital camera,Laptop computer

Achievements 40 crosses introgressing

new sources of, rust and GRD, drought resistance 2010/11

28 crosses made introgressing drought and aflatoxin resistance 2011-12

F1 from these crosses are being advanced F2 …

300 genotypes Reference set evaluated for rust and (2 years data)

F4 SPS 2010 Reference collection evaluated rosette

132 varieties evaluated for yield and adaptability and farmer market traits (18 sets of trials)

• Release new 5 vars in 2009 and identified new sources of resistance to foliar diseases,

• Researchers and technicians trained -Viable succession plan built within the programme

• Program activities executed efficiently and timely – no delays in fund disbursements

• Irrigation system coming to completion

Challenges

• Irrigation system delays-now being finalized

• Inadequate computers-Old computers,

• Inadequate transport –Only McKnight CCRP vehicle in use.

• Inadequate research funds

General • Inadequate support for

value addition and agro-processing activities in the groundnut growing regions – Demand Pull

• Inadequate extension officers for groundnuts/legumes

Acknowledgements

• We greatly acknowledge TL-I GCP and ICRISAT for their support

Thank you