tntro presentation

7/28/2019 Tntro Presentation

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INTRODUCTION TO THE COMPUTER


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WHAT IS A COMPUTER?COMPUTER: Is an electromagnetic device thataccepts data as input, process data, store data and

give out (produce) the required information asoutput under the control of stored programs(Software).

The computer is composed of two components

hardware and the software


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PARTS OF COMPUTER SYSTEMThe diagram below shows parts of the computer system


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HARDWAREThe above mentioned parts of the computer system arecollectively called HARDWARE.

The term HARDWARE refers to the physicalcomponents of the computer system that can be touchedand seen.


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BASIC PARTS OF THE COMPUTERBASIC PARTS OF THE COMPUTER SYSTEM

Among the above given components or hardware, there are four referredas basic components or parts of the computer system such as;

SY STEM UNIT MONITOR KEYBOARD MOUSE


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PERIPHERAL DEVICESThe system unit is sometimes refers computerand for the rest of the devices, basics and otheradditional components (hardware) are collectivelycalled PERIPHERALS.

The term PERIPHERAL refers to all hardware or

components of the computer except the System unitor connected to the system unit. Therefore, theSystem unit is the main hardware wherePeripherals are connected.


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INPUT DEVICES

An input device is any peripheral device that

provides DATA to the CPU or processor to beprocessed into information. E.g. the keyboard,Mouse, and other external peripheral devices such asthe Camera, Micro phone etc


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OUT PUT DEVICES

An output devices is any peripheral devices that

gives out information or the results of processeddata. E.g. The monitor (main), printer, speakers etc


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DATADATA: Is the collection of basic raw facts which are

meaningless and cannot be used in decision makinguntil being processed (manipulated) into Information.


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INFORMATIONINFORMATION: Is a processed data that is meaningful

and can be used in decision making. E.g. Printeddocument.


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SOFT COPY AND HARD COPY

SOFT COPY: Is a typed document which is not yetprinted, kept in the computer and can be edited.

HARD COPY: Is a printed typed document which isportable and cannot be edited.


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MONITOR (VDU)VDU stand forVisual DisplayUnit commonly known asMONITORis an electronic visual display for computers

used for outputting information in a graphicalformat or visual form (view). The monitor therefore, isthe main output device of the computer system; itis much like the TV.

Monitors range in sizes, and the most commonly usedare between 14-21 inches. If you dont maintain itproperly or position it well, it can actuallydamage your eyesight.
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TYPES OF THE MONITORThere are two basic types of monitors: CRT (cathode ray tube) monitorsand LCD (liquid crystal display) monitors. Both types produce sharpimages, but LCD monitors have the advantage of being much thinner andlighter. CRT monitors, however, are generally more affordable.

CRTLCD
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KEYBOARDIs an input device that allows you to typecharacters (letters) andnumbers into the computer. Thediagram below shows computerkeyboards.

The above diagram shows main parts of the KEYBOARD. To distinguishit from other keyboards, the computer keyboard also called QWERTYKEYBOARD the name extracted from the arrangement of some of thebuttons on the typewriter pad (normal key pad) with 105-108 keys and it isdivided into FOUR KEYPADS

Akeypad is a set of buttons arranged in a block or "pad" which usuallybear digits, symbols and usually a complete

set of alphabetical letters.


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PARTS OF THE KEYBOARD


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NUMERICAL KEYPADNUMERICAL KEYPAD: Anumeric keypad, numpad ortenkey for short, is the small, palm-sized, seventeen keysection of a computer keyboard, usually on the very farright. The numeric keypad features digits 0 to 9, addition

(+), subtraction (), multiplication (*) and division (/)symbols, a decimal point (.) and Num Lock and Enter keysThis contains number keys and keys for basic arithmeticoperations. The numeric keypad provides a convenient wayto enter numeric data.
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NORMAL OR TYPING KEYPADNORMAL OR TYPING KEYPAD: This includesalphabetical letters, numbers, and other function keysused in typing a document.


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EDITING KEYPADEDITING KEYPAD: This contains keys thathelp you edit documents and move aroundthe screen. They also move the blinking

cursor either up, down, left or right directionby using special editing keys calleddirection or navigationkeys found on theEDITING KEYPAD.


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FUNCTION KEYPADFUNCTION KEYPAD: This contains a series of key thatperform special functions for different program. Mostwindow programs use the function keys as shortcutskeys.


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Below is a short-listing of some of the commonfunctions of the functions keys on computers running

Microsoft Windows. As mentioned above not allprograms support function keys and may performdifferent tasks then those mentioned below. If you arelooking for more specific shortcut keys and function key

examples we suggest seeing our shortcut key page.
http://www.computerhope.com/shortcut.htmhttp://www.computerhope.com/shortcut.htmhttp://www.computerhope.com/shortcut.htmhttp://www.computerhope.com/shortcut.htmhttp://www.computerhope.com/shortcut.htmhttp://www.computerhope.com/shortcut.htm


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F1

Almost always used as the help key, almost every program will open the help screen when this key ispressed.

Enter CMOS Setup.

Windows Key+ F1 would open the Microsoft Windows help and support center.

Open the Task Pane.

F2

In Windows commonly used to rename a highlighted icon or file.

Alt + Ctrl + F2 opens document window in Microsoft Word.

Ctrl + F2 displays the print preview window in Microsoft Word.

Enter CMOS Setup.

F3

Often opens a search feature for many programs including Microsoft Windows.

In MS-DOS or Windows command line F3 will repeat the last commandA.

Shift + F3 will change the text in Microsoft Word from upper to lower case or a capital letter at thebeginning of every word.

F4Open find window.

Repeat the last action performed (Word 2000+)

Alt + F4 will close the program currently active in Microsoft Windows.

Ctrl + F4 will close the open window within the current active window in Microsoft Windows.
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F5In all modern Internet browsers pressing F5 will refresh or reload the pageor document window.Open the find, replace, and go to window in Microsoft Word.

Starts a slideshow in PowerPoint.

F6Move the cursor to the Address bar in Internet Explorer and MozillaFirefox.

Ctrl + Shift + F6 opens to another open Microsoft Word document.F7Commonly used to spell chck and grammar check a document inMicrosoft programs such as Microsoft Word, Outlook, etc.Shift + F7 runs a Thesaurus check on the word highlighted.

Turns on Caret browsing in Mozilla Firefox.

F8Function key used to enter the Windows startup menu, commonly usedto access Windows Safe Mode.
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F9Opens the Measurements toolbar in Quark 5.0.

F10In Microsoft Windows activates the menu bar of an open application.Shift + F10 is the same as right-clicking on a highlighted icon, file, or Internet link.Access the hidden recovery partition on HP and Sony computers.Enter CMOS Setup.F11Full-screen mode in all modern Internet browsers.Ctrl + F11 as computer is starting to access the hidden recovery partition on manyDell computers.Access the hidden recovery partition on eMachines, Gateway, and Lenovocomputers.

F12Open the Save as window in Microsoft Word.

Shift + F12 save the Microsoft Word document.Ctrl + Shift + F12 prints a document in Microsoft Word.Preview a page in Microsoft Expression WebOpen Firebug.
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FUNCTIONS OF THE SELECTED KEYSCONTROL: In computing, a Control keyis a modifier keywhich, when pressedin conjunction with another key, will perform a special operation (for example,Control-Alt-Delete); similar to the Shift key, the Control key rarely performs anyfunction when pressed by itself. The control key is located on or near the bottomleft side of most keyboards, with many featuring an additional one at the bottom

right. It is usually labeled Ctrl, but sometimes Control or Ctl is seen, and it can begraphically represented as an up arrowhead (U+2303, ), or simulated with acaret (^).

CAPS LOCK: Caps lock is a key on manycomputer keyboards.Pressing it sets an input mode in which typed letters are

uppercase by default. The keyboard remains in caps lock modeuntil the key is pressed again. On some computers, holding downthe shift key while caps lock is on temporarily switches tolowercase. Is used for constant switching off the small letters tocapital letters when typing.
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NUM LOCK: The Num Lock key exists because earlier 84-keyIBM PC keyboards did not have arrows separate from thenumeric keypad. Num Lock would be used to choose between

the two functions. On some laptop computers, Num Lock keysare used to convert part of the main keyboard to act as a(slightly skewed) numeric keypad rather than letters. On somelaptop computers, the Num lock key is excluded entirely andrequires a key combination to activate

ENTER KEY: in computer keyboards, the enter key (or thereturn keyon Macs[1] and most Sun Workstations[2]) in mostcases causes a command line, window form, or dialog box tooperate its default function. This is typically to finish an

"entry" and begin the desired process, and is usually analternative to pressing an OK button. Therefore it is used in inmaking new lines and paragraphs when typing documents.
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NUM LOCK: The Num Lock key exists because earlier 84-keyIBMPC keyboards did not have arrows separate from the numerickeypad. Num Lock would be used to choose between the twofunctions. On some laptop computers, Num Lock keys are used to

convert part of the main keyboard to act as a (slightly skewed)numeric keypad rather than letters. On some laptop computers, theNum lock key is excluded entirely and requires a key combination toactivateENTERKEY: in computer keyboards, theenter key(or the return

keyon Macs[1] and most Sun Workstations[2]) in most cases causes acommand line, window form, or dialog box to operate its default

function. This is typically to finish an "entry" and begin the desiredprocess, and is usually an alternative to pressing an OK button.Therefore it is used in in making new lines and paragraphs whentyping documents.SHIFT: The shift keyis a modifier keyon a keyboard, used to typecapital letters and other alternate "upper" characters. There aretypically two shift keys, on the left and right sides of the row belowthe home row. The shift key's name originated from the typewriter,

where one had to press and hold the button to shift up the casestamp to change to capital letters; the shift key was first used in theRemington No. 2 Type-Writer of 1878; the No. 1 model was capital-only.[
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BACK SPACE: Backspace is the keyboard key that originally pushed thetypewriter carriage one position backwards, and in modern computerdisplays moves the cursor one position backwards, deletes the precedingcharacter, and shifts back the text after it by one position.

DELETED: The delete key (Delete or Del), known less ambiguously asforward delete, performs a function when struck on a computer keyboardduring text or command editing, which is to discard the character ahead ofthe cursor's position, moving all following characters one position "back"towards the freed letterspace. The key appears on IBM-compatible PCkeyboards labeled as Delete, or Del. On Mac keyboards, the key whichperforms the forward delete function is labeled del,[1] or with a special rightarrow glyph enclosing an "x" with the word delor delete above or to the left ofit,[2] as the full word delete by itself is reserved for labelling the key otherwiseknown as Backspace.

ESCAPE: On computerkeyboards, the Esc keyis a key labeled Esc or Escapethat is used to generate the character code traditionally used to initiate an

escape sequence .This use continues today in Microsoft Windows's use ofescape as a shortcut in dialog boxes for No, Quit, Exit, Cancel, or Abort, as

well as a common shortcut key for the Stop button in manyweb browsers.

ALT KEY: TheAlt key(pronounced /alt/) on a computer keyboard is usedto change (alternate) the function of other pressed keys. Thus, the Alt key isa modifier key, used in a similar fashion to the Shift key.
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TAB (TABULATOR):Tab key(abbreviation oftabulator key[1] or tabularkey[2]) on a keyboard is used to advance the cursor to the next tab stop. The

word tab derives from the word tabulate, which means "to arrange data in atabular, or table, form". When a person wanted to type a table (of numbers ortext) on a typewriter, there was a lot of time-consuming and repetitive use ofthe space bar and backspace. Is used by editors in file management to move

objects from one place to the other.WINDOWS KEY: The Windows logo keyalso known as the Windowskey, the home key, the meta key, the start key, MOD4, or the flag key(sometimes shortened to flag)is a keyboard key which was originallyintroduced on the Microsoft Natural keyboard before the release of

Windows 95. This key became a standard key on PC keyboards. Onkeyboards lacking a Windows key, Ctrl+Esc can be used instead in Windows,

though some functionality is lacking. Mainly used has the shortcut way ofstarting programs.

INSERT KEY (often abbreviated INS) is a key commonly found oncomputer keyboards. It is primarily used to switch between the two text-entering modes on a personal computer (PC) orword processor. The first isovertype mode, in which the cursor, when typing, overwrites any text that ispresent on and after its current location.HOME KEY: The home key is a key commonly found on computerkeyboards. The key has the opposite effect of the end key. In limited-sizekeyboards where the home key is missing the same functionality can bereached via the key combination offn+
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END KEY: The end key is a key commonly found on computer keyboards.The key has the opposite effect of the home key. In limited-size keyboards

where the end key is missing the same functionality can be reached via thekey combination. In modern Microsoft Windows text editing applications, itis primarily used to put the cursor at the end of the line in which the cursoris. When the text is not editable, the end key is used to scroll to the end of

the document; this can also be done in editable text if the key is pressedalong with control.SCROLL LOCK: Scroll lock is an antiquated keyboard button (often withan associated status light) on some computer keyboards. The key is notfrequently used and therefore some keyboards lack Scroll Lock altogether.[1]The Scroll Lock key was meant to lock all scrolling techniques, and is aremnant from the original IBM PC keyboard, though it is not used by most

modern-day software. In the original design, Scroll Lock was intended tomodify the behavior of the arrow keys. When the Scroll Lock mode was on,the arrow keys would scroll the contents of a textwindow instead of movingthe cursor. In this usage, Scroll Lock is a toggling lock keylike Num Lock orCaps Lock, which have a state that persists after the key is released. Becausethe key is otherwise rarely used, programs that tie into other software oftenuse it to prevent issues arising from both programs using the same key.PAUSE/BREAK: The origins of the break keyon a computer keyboard go

back to telegraph practices. A standard telegraph key has a built-in knifeswitch that can be used to short the key's contacts. When the key was not inuse, that switch was kept closed, so that a signal was continually sent. If thatsteady-state signal was interrupted, it indicated one of two things: either theoperator was about to start transmitting, or something else had happened tobreak the connectionsuch as a physical break in the telegraph line.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_keyboardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyboard_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyboard_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scroll_lockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_PC_keyboardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_PC_keyboardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrow_keyshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrollinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrow_keyshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cursor_(computers)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrollinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lock_keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Num_lockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caps_lockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caps_lockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caps_lockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lock_keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Num_lockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caps_lockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telegraphyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telegraphyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_keyboardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knife_switchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knife_switchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knife_switchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_circuithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telegraphyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knife_switchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knife_switchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_circuithttp://www.google.co.zm/imgres?imgurl=http://www.wpclipart.com/computer/keyboard_keys/function_key_row/computer_key_Pause_Break.png&imgrefurl=http://www.wpclipart.com/computer/keyboard_keys/function_key_row/computer_key_Pause_Break.png.html&usg=__wB-8CFDemUCS0kS1gGRMnoHs8uk=&h=527&w=559&sz=16&hl=en&start=3&zoom=1&tbnid=3XV2QfaMsMvscM:&tbnh=125&tbnw=133&ei=w29gT-mDBc-HhQerl-i9Bw&prev=/search?q=PAUSE/BREAK+KEY&hl=en&safe=off&sa=X&biw=1600&bih=732&tbm=isch&prmd=imvns&itbs=1http://www.google.co.zm/imgres?imgurl=http://www.wpclipart.com/computer/keyboard_keys/function_key_row/computer_key_Scroll_Lock.png&imgrefurl=http://www.wpclipart.com/computer/keyboard_keys/function_key_row/computer_key_Scroll_Lock.png.html&usg=__Vjjt-CWLzC3ik90sg1WlWpzL1T4=&h=527&w=559&sz=15&hl=en&start=9&zoom=1&tbnid=c1zaoA8f5oVBZM:&tbnh=125&tbnw=133&ei=DW5gT_2YFYW7hAfw5IiuBw&prev=/search?q=SCROLL+LOCK+KEY&um=1&hl=en&safe=off&sa=N&biw=1600&bih=732&tbm=isch&prmd=imvns&um=1&itbs=1http://www.google.co.zm/imgres?imgurl=http://www.wpclipart.com/computer/keyboard_keys/special_keys/computer_key_End.png&imgrefurl=http://www.wpclipart.com/computer/keyboard_keys/special_keys/computer_key_End.png.html&usg=__NPwLNkvrZ_gJ5egT9IkVV_3NAIA=&h=527&w=559&sz=8&hl=en&start=6&zoom=1&tbnid=N_TEfR85Gjn3iM:&tbnh=125&tbnw=133&ei=XGxgT5GHNo2WhQfYpdTEBw&prev=/search?q=END+KEY&hl=en&safe=off&sa=X&biw=1600&bih=732&tbm=isch&prmd=imvns&itbs=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_circuithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knife_switchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knife_switchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knife_switchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telegraphyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_keyboardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_keyboardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_keyboardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caps_lockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caps_lockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caps_lockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Num_lockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Num_lockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Num_lockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lock_keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lock_keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lock_keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cursor_(computers)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrollinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrow_keyshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrow_keyshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrow_keyshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_PC_keyboardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_PC_keyboardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_PC_keyboardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_PC_keyboardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_PC_keyboardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scroll_lockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scroll_lockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scroll_lockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyboard_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyboard_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyboard_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_keyboardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_keyboardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_keyboard


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PRINT SCRN/SYSRQ:The Windows Print Screen Key can be apowerful tool if you know how to use it to its full potential.There are some who initially think that when they press thePrint Screen Key that it will literally be sent to the printer!That's okay, we've all been there, done that. Just don't tell

anyone! Actually, if you are using DOS, it will be sent to theprinter. The key may appear differently depending on themanufacturer of your Windows keyboard. The standardposition would be at the upper right hand corner of yourkeyboard and may appear within this sequence of keys.PAGE UP/PAGE DOWN: The Page Up and Page Down keys (sometimesabbreviated as PgUp and PgDn) are two keys commonly found oncomputer keyboards. The two keys are primarily used to scroll upor down in documents, but the scrolling distance varies betweendifferent applications. In cases when the document is shorter thanone screenful, the Page Up and Page Down keys don't respond.The arrow keys and the scroll wheel can also be used to scroll adocument, although by smaller incremental distances. In mostoperating systems, if the Page Up or Page Down key is pressedalong with the shift keyin editable text, all the text scrolled over

will be highlighted. In some applications, the Page Up and PageDown keys behave differently in Caret navigation (toggled withthe F7 function key).
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KEY BOARD SHORTCUTS

Italic Ctrl + IBold Ctrl + BPrint Ctrl + P

Open Ctrl + ONew Ctrl + NUnderline Ctrl + USave Ctrl + S or F12Close Alt + F4
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THE MOUSEMOUSE: Is a hand held input device (commands or instructions) for pointing,opening, moving (dragging) and closing objects on the desktop screen of theMonitor. The Mouse has two buttons namely: The primary button (Left button),

secondary button (Right button) and scroll wheel (On the middle) as thediagram below shows.


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PRIMARY BUTTON (LEFT)PRIMARY BUTTON: Is the one really used in carryingthe above mentioned functions of the mouse.

Double click it while pointing on an object to openit.

Click it once while pointing at an object to Start orSelect a program, as shown on the menu.

Press hold it while pointing at an object to Drag(Moving) object from one place to another.


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SECONDARY BUTTON (RIGHT)SECONDARY BUTTON Is used when clicked to display a table of options(Menu) so that the user makes a choice and selects e.g. Open, Explore,send to, Cut, Copy etc. by using the PRIMARY BUTTON as the diagramshows.


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SYSTEM UNITSYSTEM UNIT is the main hardware component of thecomputer system which is sometimes referred as computer ormother bodyof all other hardware (peripherals) because thisis where other hardware are connected to and it contains still

other important internal hardware devices such as CPUProcessor, RAM, ROM AND HDD (Local or Hard disk) etc.that carries out very important tasks of the computer.
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CPUCPU ( Central Processing Unit) orProcessor is a portion or part of computersystem that carries out the instructions, of a

computer program, to perform the basicarithmetical, logical, process data intoinformation and input/output operations ofthe system it also referred as the BRAIN of the

COMPUTER.
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ALUIn computing, an arithmetic and logic unit

(ALU) is a digital circuit that performsarithmetic and logical operations. The ALU is a

fundamental building block of the centralprocessing unit of a computer, and even thesimplest microprocessors contain one forpurposes such as maintaining timers.
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RAMRAM (Random Access Memory): The instructionthe computer gets and the information yourcomputer processes are kept in the RAM or MainMemory during your work session. A computer

RAM is not a permanent storage place forinformation. It is active only when the computer ison, when you turn it off is deleted or lost from theRAM and vanishes from the screen hence called

VOLATILE MEMORY.
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ROMROM (Read Only Memory): It is Non-volatile,which means it does not lose its contents whenthe computer is switched off. It contains

instructions such as start-up instructions or bootthe computer, load the computer operationsystem etc. are preinstalled the time when thecomputer was being manufactured because theyare hardwired, these instructions cannot beadded, changed or removed.
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HARD DISKHARD DRIVE DISK (HDD) (Hard disk orLocal disk): Is an internal long term storagedevice of the computer which stores data or

information permanently even if power goes orswitched off nothing happens or lost.
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DISK DRIVESCD-ROM: Short for Compact Disc-Read Only Memory, CD-ROM drives or optical drives are CD players inside computersthat can have speeds in the range from 1x and beyond, and have the

capability of playing audio CDs and computer data CDs. Below is apicture of the front and back of a standard CD-ROM drive.

DVD-ROM: The DVD-ROM specification supports disks withcapacities of from 4.7GB to 17GB and access rates of 600 KBps to 1.3MBps. One of the best features of DVD-ROM drives is that they arebackward-compatible with CD-ROMs. This means that DVD-ROMplayers can play CDs and video CDs, as well as new DVD-ROMs.Newer DVD players can also read CD-R disks.
http://www.computerhope.com/jargon/c/compactd.htmhttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/M/megabyte.htmlhttp://www.google.co.zm/imgres?imgurl=http://images.sudhian.com/review/sff/shuttle/sb6120th/dvd.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.sudhian.com/content/?p=1517&usg=__mmsI83RTv0jmb-JwOmE44Z5TTpQ=&h=344&w=525&sz=28&hl=en&start=21&zoom=1&tbnid=T3MqxLJsr0R5nM:&tbnh=86&tbnw=132&ei=HSRWT-2BHcHRsgb12OXzBg&prev=/search?q=what+is+dvd+rom+drive&start=20&hl=en&safe=off&sa=N&biw=1600&bih=732&tbm=isch&prmd=imvnsa&itbs=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Asus_CD-ROM_drive.jpghttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/M/megabyte.htmlhttp://www.computerhope.com/jargon/c/compactd.htm


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OTHER STORAGE DEVICES (External)CD (Compact Disk): The Compact Disc, or CD for short, it is anexternal storage optical disc used to store digital data of both writtenand sound information. Standard CDs have a diameter of 120millimetres (4.7 in) and can hold up to 80 minutes of uncompressedaudio or 700 MB (700 220 bytes) of data.

DVD (Digital Video Disk) or (Digital Versatile Disk): Is an externalstorage device that can store written and sound information even morethan aCD. DVD-Ris a DVD recordable format. A DVD-R typicallyhas a storage capacityof 4.71 GB. Pioneer has also developed an8.5 GB dual layer version, DVD-R DL, which appeared on themarket in 2005.
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FLASH DISK: AUSB flash drive is a data storage devicethat includes flash memorywith an integrated UniversalSerial Bus (USB) interface. USB flash drives are typicallyremovable and rewritable, and physically much smaller

than a CDs and DVDs that can store data or informationdepending on bytes of the device. Flash disks or driveshave got a wide range of size such 2 GBs-32GBs even above.

FLOPPY DISK: Is a thin, flexible disk inside a protective

cover. This is a type of external storage device that canstore or information in a minimum amount than HardDisk and it has a typical storage capacity of 1.44m.
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STORAGE MEMORY CAPACITYBITS: Is the smallest unit memory capacity of informationthat is recognised by a computer, 8bits makes just 1 byte.Pressing one key on the keyboard is equivalent to sending 1byte of information into the Central Processing Unit CPU.8bits-1Byte1024/1000bytes=1Kilobyte (KB)1024/1000Kilobytes= 1Megabyte (MB)

1024/1000 Megabytes=1Gigabyte (GB)1024/1000 Gigabytes= 1Terabyte (TB)

Bits Bytes Kilobytes Megabytes Gigabytes Terabytes


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PRINTERPRINTER: Is an output device, used for giving out (puton paper) typed information or data (hard copy) or agraphical documents. It produces an identical copy ofwhat is displayed on the screen.
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SPEAKERSSPEAKERS and HEAD SETS: Is an output device usedfor producing data or information in a sound format.There are different types of speakers, depending on thekind of application for which you want to use yourspeakers.
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SCANNERSCANNER: Is a

tntro presentation

Documents