1

A

SUMMER INTERNSHIP PROJECT

ON

――TO STUDY EMPLOYEE HEALTH, SAFETY AND WELFARE AT SUMUL

DAIRY‖

Submitted to

S.R. LUTHRA INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE

REQUIREMENT OF THE AWARD FOR THE DEGREE OF

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

In

Gujarat Technological University

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

Faculty Guide: Company Guide:

Mrs. Drashti shah Mr. Manish Bhatt

Assist. Professor Marketing executive

Submitted by

Ms. RICHA BRAHMBHATT

[Batch No. 2015-17, Enrollment No. 158050592015]

MBA SEMESTER III

S.R. LUTHRA INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT – 805

MBA PROGRAMME

Affiliated to Gujarat Technological University

Ahmadabad

July, 2016

2

Student’s Declaration

I, Ms. RICHA BRAHMBHATT, hereby declare that the report for Summer

Internship Project entitled ―To Study Employees health, safety and welfare At

Sumul Dairy‖ is a result of my own work and my indebtedness to other work

publications, references, if any, have been duly acknowledged.

Place: Surat

Date: _____________

__________________

(Richa brahmbhatt)

3

Institute’s Certificate

Certified that this Summer Internship Project Report Titled ―TO STUDY

EMPLOYEES HEALTH, SAFETY AND WELFARE AT SUMUL DAIRY‖ is the

bonafide work of Ms. Richa brahmbhatt (Enrollment No.158050592015), who

has carried out the research under my supervision. I also certify further, that

to the best of my knowledge the work reported herein does not form part of

any other project report or dissertation on the basis of which a degree or

award was conferred on an earlier occasion on this or any other candidate.

Place: Surat

Date: ________________

___________________

(Drashti shah)

Assi. Professor

___________________

(J. M. Kapadia)

Director

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PREFACE

As a part of the partial fulfillment of the MBA program at S.R. Luthra Institute

of Management, summer training was undertaken with Sumul dairy on report

of ―To Study Employees health, safety and welfare At Sumul Dairy”

during the suggested duration for the period of six weeks, to avail the

necessary information.

The basic purpose behind doing this project report is to get knowledge and to

get the practical experience of working in human resource and it is a link

between theory and actual management of human resource at Sumul.

The project report start with the basic concepts of health, safety and welfare,

meaning of health, safety and welfare and covers the general information of

employee satisfaction level of health, safety and welfare and in this report the

signs of improvement are visible in some indicators under the satisfaction

level of employee.

The information presented in this project report is obtained from sources like

Sumul personnel, websites, other websites, questionnaire, past report and

other literature.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I have taken efforts in this project. However, it would not have been possible

without the kind support and help of many individuals and organizations. I

would like to extend my sincere thanks to all of them.

I am highly indebted to Mrs. Drashti Shah for their guidance and constant

supervision as well as for providing necessary information regarding the

project & also for their support in completing the project.

I would like to express my gratitude towards my parents & member of Sumul

Dairy for their kind co-operation and encouragement which help me in

completion of this project.

I would like to express my special gratitude and thanks to industry persons for

giving me such attention and time.

My thanks and appreciations also go to my college in developing the project

and people who have willingly helped me out with their abilities.

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Executive summery

In any organization to become successful, employee satisfaction level toward

health, safety and welfare is very necessary in today‘s scenario. Employee

satisfaction level towards health, safety and welfare is the terminology used to

describe whether employees are happy and satisfied with the current health,

safety and welfare policy used by organization. Many measures declare that

employee satisfaction level in health, safety and welfare is a factor in

employee motivation, employee goal achievement, and positive employee

morale in the workplace.

Health, safety and welfare are important for the any organization for the

employees betterment and with the help of this benefits organization can

increase productivity. In factory act 1948 there are some benefits that is

include in health measures like cleanliness, ventilation and temperature

control, dust and fumes, drinking water etc. in safety measures there are

fencing of machine, self acting machine, hoist and lifts are included and in

welfare measures washing facility, sitting arrangement, first-aid appliance,

canteen facility are included.

Sumul dairy provides leave policy, training for handling any kind of things, first

aid treatment for the workers and employees. Some factors that also satisfied

by the workers like training before handling difficult machine and some are not

satisfied to the worker like transport facility.

This report conducted Sample size of this survey would be 200 respondents.

Through primary data, and gathered the information though out non

probabilistic convenience sampling method was used to collect the responses

about employees health, safety, and welfare measures. Here, factor analysis

is used which help to deduct the factors into the small components.

In factor analysis there are 7 components. They are the variable constituting

welfare facility, comfort area, working environment, health facility, necessities,

policy, and safety policy. From the analysis it can be concluded that Sumul is

providing most of the health, safety and welfare measures

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Sr. No.

Particulars Page No.

1. Introduction 1

2. Industry Profile 11

a. Global

b. National

c. State

d. PESTEL

e. Current trends

f. Major Players

g. Major Offerings

15

18

20

23

26

27

30

3. Company Profile 31

a. Company Profile

b. Organogram

c. Divisions/ Departments

d. SWOT

e. Market Position

31

35

36

39

40

4. Review of Literature 41

5. Research Methodology 48

a. Problem Statement

b. Research Objective

c. Research Design

i. Type of Design

ii. Sampling

iii. Data Collection & tools

iv. Limitations of the Study

48

48

48

48

49

49

49

6. Data Analysis & Findings 50

7. Conclusions and Recommendations 88

8. Bibliography 89

Annexure 91

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LIST OF TABLES

Sr. No. Particulars Table

No.

Page

No.

1 Gender 6.1 02

2 Age 6.2 04

3 Qualification 6.3 06

4 Annual income 6.4 14

5 Department 6.5 25

6 Experience 6.6

7 Safety and welfare policy 6.7

8 Training for handling any kind of emergency

situation 6.8

9 First-aid treatment 6.9

10 Health insurance and medical benefit 6.10

11 Some factors to be measured 6.11

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LIST OF FIGURES

Sr. No. Particulars Table

No.

Page

No.

1 Gender 6.1 02

2 Age 6.2 04

3 Qualification 6.3 06

4 Annual income 6.4 14

5 Department 6.5 25

6 Experience 6.6

7 Safety and welfare policy 6.7

8 Training for handling any kind of emergency

situation 6.8

9 First-aid treatment 6.9

10 Health insurance and medical benefit 6.10

10

11

The study was conducted in Sumul dairy, Surat to find the effect of health,

safety and welfare of employees at workplace.

The study intends to see the satisfaction level of the employees on the

facilities provided by the company and how these health, safety and welfare

measures boost the employee‘s morale.

The study on effect of health, safety and welfare an indication of the level of

satisfaction among the employees regarding the general working condition

and the other facilities provided by the organization. This helps the

management to know the general morale of the employees.

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DEFINITION OF HEALTH, SAFETY AND WELFARE:

Employees Health means ‗‘the provisions ensuring the health of workers in

the conditions under which work is carried on the factories.‘‘

Employees Safety means ‗‘the activities that seek to minimize or to eliminate

hazardous conditions that can cause bodily injury‘‘. Occupational safety is

concerned with risks in areas where people work; offices, manufacturing

plants, farms, construction sites, and commercial and retail facilities, public

safety is concerned with hazards in the home, in travel and recreation and in

other situations that do not fall within the scope of occupational safety.

Employees Welfare means ‗‘the effort to make life worth living for workmen‘‘.

When all basic facilities are provided and employees obtain satisfaction then

the productivity can be increased and development of the organization will be

possible.

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THE FACTORY ACT, 1948

The factories act 1948 was act of parliament passed in the United Kingdom

by the labor government of clement Attlee. It was passed with the intention of

safeguarding the health of workers. It extended the age limits for the medical

examination of persons entering factory employment, while also including

male workers in the regulations for providing seats and issuing extensive new

building regulations.

Under the legislation, young persons under the age of eighteen became

subject to medical examination not only on entry to the place of work, but

annually thereafter. Certificates of fitness were also made a requirement for

young people employed in the loading, unloading and coaling of ships and

other kinds of work in ships or wet dock, engineering construction and building

operations as well as for factory employees.

INSPECTING STAFF UNDER FACTORY ACT, 1948

Health measures

Cleanliness-sec 11

The floor of every workroom shall be cleaned at least once in every week by

washing, using disinfectant, where necessary, or by some other effective

method.

Disposal of wastes effluents-sec 12

Effective arrangements shall be made in every factory for the treatment of

wastes and effluents due to the manufacturing process carried on therein, so

as to render them innocuous and for their disposal.

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Ventilation & temperature-sec 13

Effective and suitable provision shall be made in every factory for securing

and maintaining in every workroom-

(a) adequate ventilation by the circulation of fresh air ,

(b) Such a temperature as will secure to workers therein reasonable

conditions of comfort and prevent injury .

Dust and fumes-sec 14

In every factory in which, by reason of the manufacturing process carried on,

there is given off any dust or fume or other impurity of such a nature and to

such an extent as is likely to be injurious or offensive to the workers employed

therein, or any dust in substantial quantities, effective measures shall be

taken to prevent its inhalation and accumulation in any workroom, and if any

exhaust appliance is necessary for this purpose ,it shall be applied as near as

possible to the point of the dust, fume or other impurity, and such point shall

be enclosed so far as possible.

Lighting-sec 17

In every part of a factory where workers are working or passing there shall be

provided and maintained sufficient and suitable lighting, natural or artificial, or

both.

Drinking water- sec 18

In every factory effective arrangements shall be made to provide and maintain

at suitable points conveniently situated for all workers employed therein a

sufficient supply of wholesome drinking water.

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Latrine and urinals-sec 19

In every factory –

A) Sufficient latrine and urinal accommodation of prescribed types shall be

provided conveniently situated and accessible to workers at times they

are at the factory.

B) Separate enclosed accommodation shall be provided for male and

female workers.

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Safety measures

Fencing of machinery – sec 21

In every factory;

a) Every moving part of a prime-mover and every flywheel connected to a

prime-mover, whether the prime-mover or flywheel is in the engine

house or not;

b) The headrace and tailrace of every water-wheel and water-turbine;

c) Any part of a stock bar which projects beyond the head stock of a

lathe.

Work on near machinery in motion- sec 22

Where in any factory it becomes necessary to examine any part of machinery

referred to in section -21, with the machinery is in motion or ,as a result of

such examination to carry out-

a) In a case referred to in clause1 of the provision of sub section of

section 21, lubrication or other adjusting operation

b) In a case referred to in clause 2 of the provision a foresaid, any

mounting or shipping of belts or lubrication or other adjusting operation.

Employment prohibition of young person’s on dangerous machines- sec

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No young person shall be required or allowed to work at any machine to

which this section applies, unless he has been fully instructed as to the

dangers arising in connection with the machine and the precaution to be

observed.

17

Striking gear and devices for cutting off power-sec 24

In every factory;

a) Suitable striking gear or other efficient mechanical appliance shall be

provided and maintained and used to move drinking belts to and from

fast and loose pulleys which from part of the transmission machinery

and such gear or appliances shall be so constructed placed and

maintained so as to prevents the belt from creeping back on to the first

pulley

b) Driving belts when not in use shall not be allowed to rest or ride upon

shafting in motion.

Self-acting machines – sec 25

No traversing part of a acting machine in any factory and no material carried

thereon shall, if the space over which it runs is a space over which any person

is liable to pass, whether in the course of his employment or otherwise, be

allowed to run on its outwards or inwards traverse within a distance forty five

centimeters from any fixed structure which is not part of the machine.

Casing of new machinery- sec 26

In all machinery driven by power and installed in any factory after the

commencement of this act,

a) Every set screw, bolt or key on any revolving shaft, spindle, wheel or

pinion shall be so sunk, encased or otherwise effectively guarded as to

prevent danger

b) All spur, worm and other toothed or friction gearing which does not

require frequent adjustment while in motion shall be completely

encased, unless it is so situated as to be as safe as it would be if were

be if were completely encased.

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Prohibition of employment of women and children near cotton openers-

sec 27

No women or child shall be employed in any part of a factory for pressing

cotton in which a cotton opener is at work;

Provided that if the feed end of a cotton opener is in a room separated from

the delivery end by a partition extending to the roof or to such height as the

inspector in any particular case specify in writing, women and children may be

employed on the side of the partition where the feed end is situated.

Hoist and lifts-sec 28

Every hoist and lift shall be-

A) Of good mechanical construction, sound material and adequate

strength;

B) Properly maintained and shall be thoroughly examined by a competent

person at least once in every period of six months, and a register shall

be kept containing the prescribed particular of every such examination;

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Welfare measures

Washing facilities- sec 42

Adequate and suitable facilities for washing shall be provided and maintained

for use of the workers therein;

Separate and adequately screened facilities shall be provided for the use of

male and female workers;

Such facilities shall be conveniently accessible and shall be kept clean.

Facilities for storing and drying clothing –sec 43

The state government, may in respect of any factory or class or description of

factories make rules requiring the provision therein of suitable place for

keeping clothing not worn during working hours and the drying of wet clothing.

Facilities for sitting-sec 44

In every factory suitable arrangement for sitting shall be provided and

maintained for all workers obliged to work in a standing position , in order that

they may take advantage of any opportunities for rest which may occurs in the

course of their work.

First –aid appliances- sec 45

There shall, in every factory, be provided and maintained so as to be readily

accessible during all working hours first-aid boxes or cupboards equipped with

the prescribed contents, and the number of such boxes or cupboards to be

provided and maintained shall not be less than one for every one hundred and

fifty workers ordinarily employed at any one time in the factory.

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Canteen facilities- sec46

The state government may make rules requiring that in any specified factory

wherein more than two hundred and fifty workers are ordinarily employed, a

canteen or canteens shall be provided and maintained by the occupier for the

use of the workers.

Shelters, rest-rooms and lunch-roms-sec47

In every factory wherein more than one hundred and fifty workers are

ordinarily employed adequate and suitable shelters or rest-rooms and a

suitable lunch-room, with provision for drinking water, where workers can eat

meals brought by them, shall be provided and maintained for the use of the

workers:

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22

A dairy is a business enterprise established for the harvesting or processing

(or both) of animal milk mostly from cows or goats, but also

from buffaloes, sheep, horses, or camels – for human consumption. A dairy is

typically located on a dedicated dairy farm or in a section of a multi-purpose

farm (mixed farm) that is concerned with the harvesting of milk.

Terminology differs between countries. For example, in the United States, the

entire dairy farm is commonly called a "dairy." The building or farm area

where milk is harvested from the cow is often called a "milking parlor" or

"parlor." The farm area where milk is stored in bulk tanks is known as the

farm's "milk house." Milk is then hauled (usually by truck) to a "dairy plant,"

also referred to as a "dairy", where raw milk is further processed and prepared

for commercial sale of dairy products. In New Zealand, farm areas for milk

harvesting are also called "milking parlours", and are historically known as

"milking sheds." As in the United States, sometimes milking sheds are

referred to by their type, such as "herring bone shed" or "pit parlour". Parlour

design has evolved from simple barns or sheds to large rotary structures in

which the workflow (throughput of cows) is very efficiently handled. In some

countries, especially those with small numbers of animals being milked, the

farm may perform the functions of a dairy plant, processing their own milk into

saleable dairy products, such as butter, cheese, or yogurt. This on-site

processing is a traditional method of producing specialist milk products,

common in Europe.

In the United States a dairy can also be a place that processes, distributes

and sells dairy products, or a room, building or establishment where milk is

stored and processed into milk products, such as butter or cheese. In New

Zealand English the singular use of the word dairy almost exclusively refers to

a corner shop, or suppurate. This usage is historical as such shops were a

common place for the public to buy milk products.

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As an attributive, the word dairy refers to milk-based products, derivatives and

processes, and the animals and workers involved in their production: for

example dairy cattle, dairy goat. A dairy farm produces milk and a

dairy factory processes it into a variety of dairy products. These

establishments constitute the global dairy industry, a component of the food

industry.

History

Milk producing animals have been domesticated for thousands of years.

Initially, they were part of the subsistence farming that nomads engaged in.

As the community moved about the country, their animals accompanied them.

Protecting and feeding the animals were a big part of the symbiotic

relationship between the animals and the herders.

In the more recent past, people in agricultural societies owned dairy animals

that they milked for domestic and local (village) consumption, a typical

example of a cottage industry. The animals might serve multiple purposes (for

example, as a draught animal for pulling a plough as a youngster, and at the

end of its useful life as meat). In this case the animals were normally milked

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by hand and the herd size was quite small, so that all of the animals could be

milked in less than an hour—about 10 per milk. These tasks were performed

by a dairymaid (dairywoman) or dairyman. The word dairy harkens back to

Middle English dairies, deyerie, from deye (female servant or dairymaid) and

further back to Old English dæge (kneader of bread).

With industrialization and urbanization, the supply of milk became a

commercial industry, with specialized breeds of cattle being developed for

dairy, as distinct from beef or draught animals. Initially, more people were

employed as milk, but it soon turned to mechanization with machines

designed to do the milking.

Historically, the milking and the processing took place close together in space

and time: on a dairy farm. People milked the animals by hand; on farms where

only small numbers are kept, hand-milking may still be practiced. Hand-

milking is accomplished by grasping the teats (often pronounced tit or tits) in

the hand and expressing milk either by squeezing the fingers progressively,

from the udder end to the tip, or by squeezing the teat between thumb and

index finger, then moving the hand downward from udder towards the end of

the teat. The action of the hand or fingers is designed to close off the milk

duct at the udder (upper) end and, by the movement of the fingers, close the

duct progressively to the tip to express the trapped milk. Each half or quarter

of the udder is emptied one milk-duct capacity at a time.

The stripping action is repeated, using both hands for speed. Both methods

result in the milk that was trapped in the milk duct being squirted out the end

into a bucket that is supported between the knees (or rests on the ground) of

the milk, who usually sits on a low stool.

Traditionally the cow, or cows, would stand in the field or paddock while being

milked. Young stock, heifers, would have to be trained to remain still to be

25

milked. In many countries, the cows were tethered to a post and milked. The

problem with this method is that it relies on quiet, tractable beasts, because

the hind end of the cow is not restrained.

In 1937, it was found that bovine somatotropin (BST or bovine growth

hormone) would increase the yield of milk. Monsanto Company developed a

synthetic (recombinant) version of this hormone (rBST). In February 1994,

rBST was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in the

U.S. It was common in the U.S., but has lost popularity due to consumer

demands for rBST-free cows. Only about 25% of dairy cows receive rBST

anymore.

However, there are claims that this practice can have negative consequences

for the animals themselves. A European Union scientific commission was

asked to report on the incidence of mastitis and other disorders in dairy cows,

and on other aspects of the welfare of dairy cows. The commission's

statement, subsequently adopted by the European Union, stated that the use

of rBST substantially increased health problems with cows, including foot

problems, mastitis and injection site reactions, impinged on the welfare of the

animals and caused reproductive disorders. The report concluded that on the

basis of the health and welfare of the animals, rBST should not be

used. Health Canada prohibited the sale of rBST in 1999; the

recommendations of external committees were that, despite not finding a

significant health risk to humans, the drug presented a threat to animal health

and, for this reason, could not be sold in Canada.

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A. GLOBAL:

GLOBAL PRODUCTION

Global milk production is estimated at approximately 735 billion litres annually.

The largest producers are Europe (EU) at 156 billion litres annually, India at

131 billion litres and the United States (US) at 91B litres. New Zealand is the

8th largest producer at 21 billion litres annually.

These top eight represent 407 billion litres or 55 per cent of global production.

Farming systems varies greatly across these major dairy producers from

India‘s conventional model with an average herd size of less than two, EU‘s

high producing system where cows spend time outside and in barns with a

moderate to high use of supplementary feeds and New Zealand‘s low cost,

largely outdoor pasture only system.

GLOBAL EXPORTS

Fonterra estimates that annual global trade in dairy ingredients is

approximately 9 per cent of total milk production and was ~65 billion litres on

a milk equivalent basis in 2014.

Of the major dairy producing countries, a number of these countries including

New Zealand, Europe, United States, Belarus, Argentina, Australia and

Uruguay export ~55 million tonnes¹ annually, or around 84% per cent of global

dairy exports.

Dairy exporting countries, by major exported product:

New Zealand - Powder (SMP and WMP) and milk fat (Butter/AMF)

Europe – Powder (SMP and WMP) and cheese

United States – SMP, cheese and whey powder

Belarus – SMP, cheese and fluid and fresh dairy

Argentina – WMP and cheese

Australia – Powder (SMP and WMP) and cheese

Uruguay - WMP and cheese

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GLOBAL IMPORTS

Global dairy demand is estimated at 15 million tonnes of product annually.

The top 5 are China, Russia Mexico, Japan and the USA. The US is the only

major importer that is also a major net exporter.

China imports 2 million tonnes of dairy products annually, Russia 1.4 million

tonnes, Mexico and Japan over 500 thousand tonnes each.

In addition, the US, Indonesia, Philippines, Saudi Arabia and Algeria import

over 400 thousand tonnes with Singapore, Iraq, Malaysia, Venezuela and

UAE importing over 300 thousand tonnes annually.

GLOBAL DAIRY TRADE

Set up by Fonterra in 2008, Global Dairy Trade (GDT) is an online platform for

Fonterra and other manufacturers' globally-traded dairy products, and has

become a leading price reference indicator for the industry.

The auctions, which are referred to as trading events, are run twice each

month. Currently, GDT hosts over 700 qualified bidders from 90 countries

India plays an important role in dairy sector. This is of crucial important to the

country. The country is the world's largest milk producer. According for more

than 13% of world total milk production and it is the world‘s largest consumer

of dairy product, consuming almost 100% of its own milk production estimated

around 74 million tons in 1998.

Currently, India is non-entity in the international dairy market place. Only small

quantities of dairy products are exported to Bangladesh, Shrilanka, Nigeria,

and the Middle East and very recently to the USA. The WTO provides India

with the opportunity to sell their products in the other part of world. Specially

to the 150 million non resident Indians all over the world. An ample export

potential exists for unique traditional milk products such as ethnic sweets and

foods like shrikhand, rasgulla, & paneer. India‘s largest dairy company

GCMMF recently started exporting ghee, butter, and shrikhand under the

Amul brand to the USA. This product will soon be available in Canada also.

The India dairy sector‘s challenges include the need for improvement in

animal feeding, vet services, milk production, collection and transport as well

28

as the need for advances in corporate technology and marketing.

Further liberalization seems to be necessary to make private and foreign

investment in dairy sector more attractive. The Indian dairy industry will need

this additional investment to keep pace with the fast increasing demands for

dairy products. Export opportunities are certainly positive but every litter of

milk exported with creates need for further expansion in dairy industries

unless an important is growing considerably. On the other hand during the

coming WTO-round more pressure will be put on the Indian government to

improve the market access for dairy products.

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B. National:

Co-operative

A man takes a muster seeds and sows it in his field. It is the smallest of all

seeds, but when it grows up, it has the biggest of all plants. It becomes a tree,

so that birds comes and make their nest in its shredded branches.‖

This approach of the growing and nesting birds the spirit of co-operation

between the natures, the person who shows the seed is the true essence of a

co-operative.

―Co-operation amongst competitive‖ is the fundamental principal. One is

reminded of the story where the father tells his five sons to break small wood

stick individually and then trying toe breaks them when they are join. The

sticks do not break.

Co-operative-movement-in-dairy-industry

Milk is perhaps the only agriculture product that a farmer is required to sell

twice a day every day of the year. In view to its extremely limited keeping

quality, the farmer has also got to sell it within few hours of production;

otherwise it becomes a total loss. In India as farming is carried on very small it

is not possible for a farmer himself to market what little milk he produce. The

production being small it does not become worthwhile for him to sell the milk

to the consumer himself. Inevitably, therefore draying so developed that

middle man entrench themselves in the milk producing areas to buy the milk

from the farmer transport it to the consuming centres and to sell in to the

consumer. We are all aware of the tremendous exploitation that the middle

man indulges in when marketing agricultural commodities.

Even product like wheat, rice, tobacco, the exploitation of the farmer by

middle men is very important but these are products that are needed to be

marketed only once a year. We mean by it that the farmer in a particular area

or village should become members of co-operative society and that they

should over their milk to their society for marketing. If it is found that the

quantum of milk collected by the society is very small, and this is usually the

case, then a number of those societies federate themselves into union. The

union then owns and operates a dairy plant, which will process this milk and

30

market it. In the co-operative system, therefore the farmer will find himself

supplying milk to a dairy a bit of whom he owns, in the running of which he

say and in the profit of which he has a share. The farmer begins to be

receptive to new ideas, which would help him increase the quantity and

improve the quality of the milk he produces.

The farmers‘ co-operative, sensititive as it must be to the need of the farmer

then being to provide technical know-how and other facilities like veterinary

aid, artificial insemination, better feeds. In order to increase the productivity at

the farmer‘s end. The co-operative society was stated about 26years ago in

indices while in the foreign country (Britain). It was established in 1844. I.e.

146 years ago.

In Gujarat the first milk producer union was stated in kheda district were

inspire and guided by the sardar Patel and the kheda district milk producer

union ltd. The co-operative based industry was started in 1946 at Anand

name ―AMUL DAIRY‖.

Following the footstep of ―Amul Dairy‖ the milk producer union was started at

Surat in 1951. It is called as Surat in ―Sumul Dairy‖. Then in 1957-58, the

other co-operative milk producer union was established in Baroda called

―Baroda dairy‖ in 1960. ―Dhanasura Dairy‖ was started in Mahesana. In

Banaskantha district, the ―Banas Dairy was established in 1966.

Dr. V.Kurien the General Manager of Amul Dairy talked to Mr. Bhalabhai Patel

a prominent of dairy industry is Sabarkantha District and with great task

efforts on the Mr.Bhalubhai Patel the foundation Chairman Mr. C.C. Desai,Mr.

Gopalbhai Patel and Mr. Ambabhai Patel. The Sabarkantha district Co-

operative Milk producers‘ union was established on 27th November 1964. It

called as ―Sabar Dairy‖. It has got its name as it is situated in the Sabarkantha

district first 19 societies registered their names on 20th October 1965. 5100

litters‘ milk was collected and supplied for Ahmadabad. Ahmadabad municipal

dairy could not accept more quantity of milk during the seasons.

For the first seven years the milk union kept in on supplying raw milk to

Ahmadabad municipal dairy and could not expand its activities due lack of

financial sources. Therefore, in 1970 the milk union submitted proposal to

Indian Dairy Corporation for establishment of multi product dairy plant in

Sabarkantha district.

31

c. State:

The emergence of India as a premier dairy nation of the world could be

attributed mainly to the intensive crossbreeding programmers implemented

throughout the country over the last few decades. The population pressure

and emerging global opportunities further necessitate that the efforts for

enhancing animal productivity are accelerated. This calls for continuance of

well-proven technologies such as crossbreeding with superior germplasm

coupled with improvement in the productivity of vast population of generally

low producing cattle and buffaloes at faster rate using emerging reproductive

and molecular technologies. There is a great potential for application of

multiple ovulation and embryo transfer technology for production and faster

multiplication of superior germplasm of elite animals. There is also scope for

identifying the unique genes specific to indigenous dairy animal genetic

resources using the molecular techniques. It is expected that by the use of

such technologies more number of superior animals per unit time can be

obtained by reduction in generation interval which could further increase the

pace of genetic advances by increasing the intensity of selection.

Technologies for raising male buffalo calves economically should be

developed as this potential source of income of farmers is almost going

waste. Studies also need to be conducted to quantify the emission of methane

and other green house gases from Indian dairy sector and methods also need

to be devised for mitigating such emission.

Besides meeting domestic demands, it may also be possible to export

germplasm to tropical developing countries. In this context National Dairy

Research Institute (NDRI) Karnal has also set the target of enhancing its

semen production from the present level of about 0.1 million doses annually to

about 2.5 million doses per year by 2020 A.D. Also about 400-500 males from

elite herds of Sahiwal, Crossbreds and Murrah, are proposed to be supplied

every year for genetic improvement in the country. For improvement of

various breeds of cattle and buffaloes there is a need to form Breed Societies.

These departments could interact with various developmental agencies

including Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) for this purpose. In all

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interactive programmers involving field recording, progeny testing and data

bank should be taken to supply information on availability of semen, bulls,

females etc. for consistent genetic improvement of livestock. To effectively

monitor these programmers, there is an urgent need for linking them with bio-

informatics centers at state, national and international levels. There is also an

urgent need to develop national animal production and health information

system and disease free zones in the country.

Future Challenges

Housing management aspect of the new breeds/ strains of high yielding dairy

animals developed in the country also needs to be addressed adequately as it

is essential to realize the high milk production potential. Animal‘s shelter

requirement varies according to the agro-climatic conditions of the region and

the socio-economic condition of its farmers. The pattern of traditional animal,

shelters also varies from region to region. In order to make specific

recommendations it is essential to take into consideration the physiological,

behavioral and other related aspects of the animal comfort. It is, therefore,

essential to carry out the detailed investigation on type and system of housing

required for different agro-climatic regions and suggests ideal shelter systems

based on these objective criteria.

For meeting the nutritional requirements of the livestock, particularly high

yielding milk animals there is a need to increase the bioavailability of the

feeds and fodders by increasing the research efforts in the area of feed

processing using chemical, biological and biotechnological approaches. Also,

it is necessary to improve the productivity of the land for meeting out the feed

and fodder requirements from the limited area available for this purpose.

There is also the need to encourage farmer‘s unions, NGOs and cooperatives

to put common property lands under improved pasture and silvi pastoral

systems. There is also a need for revising and updating the Indian feeding

standards to make them more realistic and internationally accepted systems.

An exercise has to be conducted to develop an effective plan for improving

the availability of feed resources of the country, as there is shortage of feeds,

resulting in inadequate supply of nutrients especially protein, energy and

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minerals. Besides this, we need to explore new feed resources and evaluate

them for livestock feeding and find out how much these can be useful in

bridging the gap between supply and demand of the nutrients. For updating

the information about feed resources, there is a need to generate information

on the level of anti nutritional factors in the feeds. Presently, data on the levels

of aflatoxins, pesticide residues, heavy metals in feeds and fodders is

inadequate; therefore, it is imperative to generate this information so that we

will be in a position to specify the quality of feeds as per international

standards in the present era of globalization.

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D.PESTLE analysis:

The dairy industry is a sub-set of the agricultural industry and deals with the

production, consumption and sale of milk based products, such as milk,

butter, cheese, cream and ice cream. There are many factors which affect the

running of the dairy industry, and a PESTLE analysis of the industry is as

follows:

Political:

Government policies and regulations regarding agricultural products will affect

the farmer's decisions to keep livestock and extract milk out of them relative to

others use of livestock. If government policies and incentives are in favour of,

for example, promoting beef or mutton, it would be more in farmer's interests

to slaughter their cows rather than draw milk from them. This is especially true

in agrarian economies.

Economic:

The most obvious economic factor affecting the dairy industry would purchase

in the economy as a whole. Milk and its most basic form is considered an

essential product and people still make an effort to purchase milk regardless

of their cash position. As a result, the sales of milk would not be significantly

hit in case of a reduction in a family income, Increase in purchasing power

however can lead to an increase in the acquisition of pets such a dogs and

cats and their spending on these pets will increase. A reduction in purchasing

power, for example, one which is caused by increase inflation, will have the

opposite effect as people cease to acquire pets or abandon their existing

ones. In case of dairy products other than milk. an increase in purchasing

power will cause an increase in consumption, while a decline in purchasing

power will have the opposite effect. This is because these products come

under the category of luxuries and /or non essential goods.

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Sociological:

A social factor that could affect the dairy industry is growing concerns over

halal food in regions where Muslims are in a majority. This is because

Muslims don't consume products that they don't believe to be halal, so if a

dairy product manufacturer is considering to expand into a Muslim-Majority

region it must take care of this issue before it considers entering such a

market.

Attitudes towards obesity can also affect sales of milk and dairy products in

the market. A general perception that full-fat dairy products contribute

towards obesity can cause a shift away from full-fat versions towards healthier

lower-fat or skim varieties. Similarly, other ingredients such as sugar and

gluten may also trigger certain conditions such as diabetes or gluten allergies.

A dairy manufacturer needs to take all this into account before launching a

particular product or product line.

Technological

Technology has made it possible for dairy manufacturers to market several

different kinds of dairy products, along with several variants of these products

at a very low cost. A main factor in the upward trend of the dairy industry has

been the pace with which technological advances have been embedded into

farming practices, often enough under the pressure of falling prices and the

necessity to vindicate land values resulting from excessive optimism in

periods of rising prices."

Environmental

The dairy industry is heavily dependent on the health and availability of

livestock. Plagues, epidemics and other diseases affecting the livestock,

more specifically cattle, will reduce the quality of milk and supply will be

adversely affected if the livestock is killed off.

The climate in which a dairy manufacturer chooses to operate is another

concern. In a warm climate, a dairy manufacturer will have to look into

methods of preservation in order to be able to extend their products shelf

36

lives without the items going bad. Similarly, in the case of refrigerated or

frozen foods they will also have to look into ways of extending durability in

regions where power outages are common. The climate also influences the

product lines the manufacturer will branch into. In warmer countries, for

example, ice creams and frozen desserts may be more successful, while in a

colder country cheese or tea whiteners would be more successful than ice

creams.

Legal:

Organizations such as the FDA in the United States and their counterparts

in other countries heavily regulate food items in their respective countries.

The dairy industry is no different as it too will be required to abide by any

laws imposed by all food regulatory bodies in the countries in which they

operate. While the specifics vary from country to country, many laws are

similar across all countries. For example, most countries require all food

and beverage manufacturers, including dairy manufacturers, to display

complete nutritional information of all their products very clearly on the

product labels. This includes calorie counts, serving sizes, number of

servings per container as well as nutrient information.

Dairy manufacturers will also have to comply with all laws related to

advertising and product labeling in their own country. For example, they will

have to clearly mention any potential allergy-causing ingredient for example

nuts or gluten, on their product labels. Similarly, they will also have to

refrain from false claims in advertising. For example, they would not be

allowed to state that a particular product is "100 percent sugar-free" when

there are traces of sugar in it

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E. Current Trends in Dairy Sector in India

The most basic feature of Indian dairy sector is that it is still predominantly

unorganized. Of the total milk produced in India, only 18-20% is channelized

via the organized sector. The unorganized sector is yet to participate into the

modern processing infrastructure. However, there is gradual and steady shift

in positive direction because of favorable ―consumption dynamics‖ led by

increasing demand for packaged milk and value added products. Despite

being largest producer and consumer of milk, India‘s per capita dairy

consumption levels are significantly lower than developed countries. India is

neither an active importer nor an active exporter in Milk sector. Most of the

produced milk is consumed domestically; despite that the eastern part of the

country is milk deficient and thus, the industry is to remain demand driven for

a long term. The main challenges faced by dairy industry are in sourcing and

logistics. This is because procurement of the fresh milk is the most crucial

element of this business. It is not feasible to procure milk beyond a 200

kilometers radius; because of perish ability of the product. Another challenge

is low productivity and yield. For example, New Zealand has three times more

productivity than India. The cold storage and supply chain infrastructure

bottlenecks are ubiquitous in entire farm sector in India. There is a need to

develop these infrastructure facilities at least at tier-3 center.

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F. Major players:

The Indian Dairy Industry is one of the largest and fastest growing industries

in the country that provide ample job opportunities and contribute significantly

to the economy of the country.

The Indian Dairy Industry is comprised of numerous dairy companies that

produce variety of milk products.

The products made up of milk are healthy as well as tasty and liked by every

section of the society. This post describes about the top 10 Dairy Companies

in India.

Major Players About them

Amul Amul is a name of quality and trust and holds

the major part of milk products in India. Some

of its popular products include Milk, Butter,

Ghee, Milk Powder, Chocolate, Paneer, etc.

Brown Ghee, Cheese Spread and Whipping

Cream are some of the newly launched

products of Amul.

MOTHER DAIRY

Mother Dairy holds a significant market share

of dairy products in the Delhi-NCR region and

has 6 dairy manufacturing plants in the

country. , Mother Dairy also produces edible

oils, processed foods, fruit beverages, juices,

etc. Some of its most selling products include

Milk, Ice- Creams, Dahi, Lassi and Flavoured

Milk.

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KARNATAKA CO-

OPERATIVE MILK

FEDERATION (KMF)

The product line of KMF is vast and consist of

more than 60 Milk Products. Some of the

products of KMF include Toned Milk, Curd,

Lassi, Ghee, Milk Powder, Ice Cream,

Chocolates, etc.

KWALITY LIMITED

Kwality Limited is an ISO certified Dairy

Company, which was established in the year

1992. Kwality Limited has 6 Milk Processing

Plants in the country and sells its milk products

under the brand name of ―Dairy Best‖.

AAVIN

Aavin is a brand of milk products owned by

Tamil Nadu Co-operative Milk Producers‘

Federation Limited. Aavin was established in

the year 1958 and since its inception it has

continuously provided quality rich products.

Toned Milk, Full Cream Milk, Flavoured Milk,

Ghee, Cheese, Butter, etc. are some of its best

selling products.

. MILMA

MILMA stand at 6th in the list of top 10 dairy

companies in India. The product line of MILMA

includes Milk, Curd, Paneer, Chocolate, Ice

Cream, Ghee, etc.

OMFED

Orissa State Cooperative Milk Producers

Federation, popularly termed as OMFED is a

Dairy Company in Odisha, which was started

in the year 1985.

The main products of OMFED include Toned

Milk, Ghee, Curd, Cheese, Lassi, Butter and

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Ice Cream. Apart from milk products, OMPED

also produces Fruit Juices, Jam, Pickle,

Turmeric Powder, Cattle Feed Products, etc.

DUDHSAGAR DAIRY

Next on this list is Dudhsagar Dairy, a Dairy

Company in Gujarat, which was started in the year

1963. Dudhsagar Dairy is a fast growing dairy

company, achieved a growth rate of 25% in

turnover during the financial year 2013-14.

Andhra Pradesh Dairy Andhra Pradesh Dairy Development Cooperative

Federation Ltd. (AP Dairy) was started in the year

1960 and since its inception it has continuously

provided excellent quality milk products.

AP Dairy sells its milk products under the brand

name of ―Vijaya‖.

SCHREIBER DYNAMIX

DAIRY

Schreiber Dynamic Dairy is a Dairy Company in

Maharashtra, which was started in the year 1995.

The main products are Milk, Milk Powder, Cheese,

Butte and Ghee.

Refffre: http://listz.in/top-10-dairy-companies-in-

india.html

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G. Major Offerings:

Dairy activities have traditionally been integral to India's rural economy. The

country is the world's largest producer of dairy products and also their largest

consumer. Almost its entire produce is consumed in the domestic market and

the country is neither an importer nor an exporter, except in a marginal sense.

Despite being the world's largest producer, the dairy sector is by and large in

the primitive stage of development and modernization. Though India may

boast of a 200 million cattle population, the average output of an Indian cow is

only one seventh of its American counterpart. Indian breeds of cows are

considered inferior in terms of productivity. Moreover, the sector is plagued

with various other impediments like shortage of fodder, its poor quality, dismal

transportation facilities and a poorly developed cold chain infrastructure. As a

result, the supply side lacks in elasticity that is expected of it.

On the demand side, the situation is buoyant. With the sustained growth of

the Indian economy and a consequent rise in the purchasing power during the

last two decades, more and more people today are able to afford milk and

various other dairy products. This trend is expected to continue with the sector

experiencing a robust growth in demand in the short and medium run. If the

impediments in the way of growth and development are left unaddressed,

India is likely to face a serious supply - demand mismatch and it may

gradually turn into a substantial importer of milk and milk products.

Fortunately, the government and other stakeholders seem to be alive to the

situation and efforts to increase milk production have been intensified.

Transformations in the sector are being induced by factors like new found

interest on the part of the organized sector, new markets, easy credit facilities,

dairy friendly policies by the government, etc. Dairy farming is now evolving

from just an agrarian way of life to a professionally managed industry - the

Indian dairy industry. With these positive signals, there is hope that the sector

may eventually march towards another white revolution.

Dairy Industry in India: 2013-2019 is the third edition of this highly acclaimed

publication. The study is an outcome of an intensive research of the Indian

42

dairy industry that draws upon a comprehensive analysis of every major dairy

segment in India. The study, which is based both on desk research and four

waves of qualitative primary research, has delved deeply into the following

aspects of the Indian dairy market:

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44

A. ABOUT SUMUL:

Sumul or Surat Milk Union Limited, which is now renamed as The Surat

District Co-operative Milk Producers' Union Ltd, is one among the 17 district

unions which acts as manufacturing units of dairy products for Gujarat Co-

operative Milk Marketing Federation Limited, the marketers of Amul brand of

products.

Surat District has been a Pioneer in India in channeling trade in Cotton and

Milk through co-operatives. Before SUMUL stepped in, traditional Private Milk

Traders were dominant in the area.

The private trade was monopolizing the Milk market and exploiting both the

Milk Producers and Consumers alike. The milk procurement price which used

to be fixed by the traders (traditional Bhatia) was very low and was fluctuating

from time to time at their sole discretion. This has capitalized on the absence

of any infrastructure and processing facilities and has managed to keep

producers from deriving equitable benefits from the marketable surplus

generated. As such their income from milk was very low and they had no

incentive for modern dairy farming. The farmers resented the system, but

were helpless in the face of these traditional constraints and to their own lack

of resource lessness.

Dairying on the other hand, was never popular with tribal's (a major rural

population in the District) as practically no infrastructure existed for milk

marketing in their talukas, inaccessibility to their villages as well as taboos

regarding keeping of buffaloes prevented the entire population of tribal's from

considering dairying as a source of income. The tribal's kept their cows to

produce bullocks rather than milk, which was insufficient even to nurse the

calves. Most of the tribal's were unaware of the usual milk breeds, what to say

of Scientific Animal Husbandry?

Hygienic and pure milk was almost unknown in the market. In fact unbridled

adulteration of milk was practiced by these traders to meet the growing

demand of milk in the city. To salvage the poor producers from the clutches of

these Private Traders, Organization and integration of procurement,

45

processing and marketing of milk and milk products by the producers

themselves on a sound co. operative line was essential; this would also

ensure elimination of middlemen, equitable distribution of benefits to Rural

Milk Producers and indirectly to urban milk consumers as well.

Hence, the Surat District Co. operative Milk Producers' Union Ltd., SUMUL is

trade name and literally meaning sound price, came into existence on August

22, 1951

SUMUL’S VISION STATEMENT

―We are socially responsible organization with commitment to consumer

delight and respect for all. We believe in growth and continuous improvement

through teamwork, trust & excellence without compromising our honesty and

integrity‖

Value:

EXCELLENCE, DEDICATION, TEAM WORK, COOPERATION,

OWNERSHIP, TRUST AND COURAGE, HONESTY, TRANSPARENCY,

SELF LEADERSHIP

SUMUL'S MISSION STATEMENT

Sumul is the market legend capturing 78 % of market in Surat and want to be

the most believable Organization going towards Total Customer Satisfaction

up to the Customer door. Sumul Dairy has prepared Mission-2020 on the

basis of Vision and Values. Overview of Mission- 2020 is as follows:

46

OBJECTIVE OF SUMUL

To provide year round milk market for their surplus milk and to earn

reasonable returns for the milk to improve their quality of life.

To procure milk and process it into good quality milk and milk products

to market it at most economically and efficiently to give maximum

overall net returns to the producers and general satisfaction to the

consumers.

To provide essential technical inputs and services to the producers at

their door steps in an economic and efficient manner and also in a way

most acceptable to them to increase milk production and to reduce the

cost of production.

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B. ORGANOGRAM

(Organizational structure)

48

C. Departments/Divisions:

There are 10 departments at Sumul, they are as follows.

1. HR department:

The following activities performed by H.R.D

Recruitment and Selection

Performance Appraisal

Promotion

Transfer

Demotion

Welfare Activities

Training and Development

Induction Training

Motivation system

All the activit ies of H.R.D. & E.R. Department are done under the

Factory Act. The organization has to follow all the rules of Factory

Act. If they disobey any rules of Factory Act, The organization has to

pay penalty.

2. Finance department

3. Sales & Marketing department:

SUMUL‘S milk marketing in Surat city is monitored, eliminatingcostly sales-

booths and through regular and assured twice a day

supply of milk to1662concessionaires (Agents) and 198institutional buyers,

through 85 contractors' route vehicles. There is guaranteed cash inflow of the

sales proceeds on day-to-day basis and safe return of crates etc. to the Dairy

49

4. Veterinary Department:

Various livestock development programs are aimed to increase the

productivity of the animals on sound scientific methodology. The main

activities and programs of the department includes:-

Breed improvement programme using superior germplasm

Veterinary health care & Disease Control Programme.

Extension Activities

5. Production & Engineering Department:

Stores Management.

Quality Checking.

Packing of Finished Goods.

Printing on Packed Product.

Dispatching of Goods.

Washing and Cleaning of Machine & Equipments Regularly

6. Accounts Department & Audit Section

7. Assembling Department

8. Quality Department:

Quality Assurance Manager performs following activities:

To test the specifications of raw material.

To suggest the production department for producing products as per

the parameters tested.

To test the parameters of f inished products before packing.

9. Store & Purchase Department:

Store Department is checking quantity of all material and there is a unique

recording system, which is called COMPUTER ORACLE SYSTEM.

Computer Oracle System is use for generating Indents for required products.

Indents is analyzed by Material Manager (MM) and discussed with concern

department and Finally Indents is forwarded to Purchase department.

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Store Department performs following activities:

1. Storing Raw Materials and Finished Goods.

2. Providing the equipments whenever enquired.

3. Maintain bin cards.

4. Prepare indent letters.

5. Keeping records of material used purchased and current stock

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D.SWOT ANALYSIS

STRENGTHS:

Good Transport facility.

Every time availability of milk as a when require.

Lots of products are available in market.

From 1961 the milk has not been spoiled.

WEAKNESSES:

Pasteurization has overcome this weakness partially. UHT gives

milk long life. Surely, many new processes will follow to improve

milk quality and extend its shelf life. Theoretically, there is little

control over milk yield. However, increased awareness of

developments like embryo transplant, artificial insemination and

properly managed animal husbandry practices, coupled with higher

income to rural milk producers should automatically lead to

improvement in milk yields

Then competition has to be faced as a ground reality. The market is

large enough for many to carve out their niche.

OPPORTUNITIES:

Created and managed by 3 lacks farmers has been manufacturing

and marketing milk under the brand name of SUMUL

THREATS:

Sumul has no brand loyalty in the chocolate and ice-cream market so,

consumer frequently shift their brands.

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E. Market Position

During the year we could made 20% more turnover & we have sale the milk

with 11.19% rise which is a record till the time in which milk sale in Surat city

8.23% rise seen in sale. During the year milk brand from big scale corporate

culture of Saurashtra & Mumbai have been introduced which has captured 30

—40% market in Saurashtra & 10% market in Ahmadabad. We could defeat

the well known companies having expert officers, technicians & big budgets

for advertising to sale & captured the market.

No. Details Total Litters/Kg Increase in %

1 Sumul Total Milk Sale 390558465.40 11.19%

2 Surat city Total milk sale 337872810.20 08.23%

3 Total Butter milk sale 41153111.20 -01.20%

4 Total Curd sale 2138093.20 25.00%

At one stage this milk brand had drawn our union & our products inferior in

Surat city even than we get success to beat them by our stable management.

Maximum daily milk sale has been reached up to 1206115 liters to year.

During the year it has been increased, 8.23% in milk sale in Surat city, In

competition we delivered more milk in which distribution expenditure was 38

paisa which is 5% less than the last year.

Ghee sale was being 12% less due to the milk fat shortage during the year

but we could sale Paneer 14.13% more & earned 7.6% amount more from the

Sweets & Shrikhand sale.

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54

Todd (1933) analyzed that the labour welfare is the voluntary efforts of the

employers to establish, within the existing industrial system, working and

sometimes living and cultural conditions of the employees beyond what is

required by law, the custom of the industry and the conditions of the market.

Kandwaty (1997) examined management fails to provide a safe and

satisfying work climate, workers should respond by absenteeism, lateness or

deliberately working slowly. Due to some financial constraints both enterprises

end up finding themselves not employing a range of health and wellness

initiatives to address health improvement in workplaces. In response to this,

Botswana has established Factories Act (Chapter 44:01) which has stipulated

some guidelines on how to exercise the good health and safety of employees.

Section 51 of Part VII of Factories Act stipulate that in every factory which is in

connection with any process carried on where dust or fume or any other

impurity of such a character and to such an extent as to be likely to be

injurious or offensive to the person employed, all practical measures should

be taken to protect the persons employed. Section53 of the same Act

continues to add that where workers are employed in any process involving

excessive

Alexander and Michael (1998) undertook to assess the merits of such

training rules to achieve this objective and to sort out factors of consequence.

The review focused heavily on published reports, primarily drawn from the

period 1980 through 1996, wherein training was used as an intervention effort

to reduce risk of work-related injury and disease. Eighty (80) such reports

were found and gave overwhelming evidence to show the merits of training in

increasing worker knowledge of job hazards, and in effecting safer work

practices and other positive actions in a wide array of worksites. Reports from

select surveys and investigations of worker injuries and workplace fatalities

were also accessed with many implicating lack of training as a contributing

factor to the mishaps. In still other studies, workplace training devoted to first

aid instruction showed linkage to reduced worker injury rates, suggesting that

even this kind of training has benefits to job safety overall. A critical analysis

of the above findings found certain qualifications in viewing training impacts.

55

Jane et. al.(2001) the paper study that whether employment status after job

loss due to privatization influences health and use of health services and

whether financial strain, psychosocial measures, or health related behaviors

can explain any findings. The conclusion of the study is Insecure re-

employment and unemployment after privatization result in increases in minor

psychiatric morbidity and consultations with a general practitioner, which are

possibly due to the increased minor psychiatric morbidity.

Sabarirajan, Meharajan.t (2001) analyzed the study on employee welfare in

Textile industry. The study shows that 15% of the employees are employees

are satisfied with their welfare measures.39 % of the employees is average

with their welfare measures. 16% of them are in highly dissatisfied level. This

study throws light on the impact of welfare measures on QWL among the

employees of textile mills in Salam district.‖ While describing the Welfare in

Indian INDUSTRIAL SECTOR,

Ken.w(2007) the objective of this research project was to develop a formal

safety program that addresses these problems, then to develop a method to

promote the new program. The development of the new program was to be

accomplished by analyzing the current safety program and comparing this

program to others that the consultant had developed, and similar industries.

As a result of the review of the current program, it is recommended by the

consultant that the current program not be scrapped in favor or a new

program. It would be more beneficial to modify the current program rather

than to attempt to start over with a new safety program.

Abdullah, Spickett, Rumchev & Dhaliwal (2007) study on organizational

factors on safety in Taiwan and Japan reported that the influence of

organizational factors in both countries were different due to dissimilar culture.

For example, they discovered that Taiwanese leadership style was ―Top-

Down Directive‖ where top management communicated safety policies and

involved in safety activities while Japanese safety leadership was more

focused on ―Bottom-Up Participative‖ where top management

promoted employees‘ participation in any safety activities.

56

Ragin (2007), health and safety is a universal element that needs to be taken

into consideration especially in small and medium enterprises as it is

becoming a major problem for employers in the world. Tailor (1998) continues

to add that health and safety of employees in small and medium enterprises

has long being ignored in Africa and as a result there are increasing cases of

accidents occurring in small and medium enterprises. There is usually lack of

management support in small and medium enterprises as most of them look

at maximizing of profits instead of improving the working conditions hence the

results are poor health and safety of the employees.

Joseph et.al. (2009) studied in the article points out that the structure of a

welfare state rests on its social security fabric. Government, employers and

trade unions have done a lot to promote the betterment of worker‘s conditions.

Sabarirajan et.al.(2010) shows that 15% of the employees are highly

satisfied with their welfare measures. 22 % of the employees are satisfied with

their welfare measures.39 % of the employees are average with their welfare

measures. 16% of them are in highly dissatisfied level. Welfare measures

plays important role in employee satisfaction and it results in improved quality

of work life. This study throws light on the impact of welfare measures on

QWL among the employees of textile mills in Salem district.

Josephine .M and Rudolph L. (2011) The purpose of this research is to

understand the views of different employees in small and medium enterprises

about what can be done to improve the health and safety in work places.

From the findings, it shows that when good health and safety practices are not

put in place, accidents ,major and minor injuries can happen, and it is what

most of the employees in other companies have so far experienced. This

implies that if health and safety is not managed effectively, both the two

parties being employees and the organization would suffer because for the

organization to function effectively, it needs employees and for the people to

survive, they need to work

57

Zanko, M. & Dawson, P. (2012).In examining the research literature on

occupational health and safety (OHS), this paper argues that the growth in the

number of specialists in OHS has resulted in an emphasis on policy and

practice away from more scholastic concerns previously addressed by

academics in the disciplines of psychology and sociology. A hiatus has

occurred, and this is evidenced by the general absence of studies in

management, even though OHS is increasingly seen as a key operational and

strategic concern of business organizations.

Ramanigopal. C (2012) concluded the company has given maximum effort

and dedication to implement the labour laws and regulations and it has

succeeded in implementing effective safety and health management

considering the type of safety and health problems, accidents, employees and

technology in its organizational settings and also good level of satisfaction

among employees regarding healthy and safety has been achieved.

Satyanarayna and Reddi (2012) stated that the overall satisfaction levels of

employees about welfare measures in the organization cover is satisfactory.

However, a few are not satisfied with welfare measures provided by the

organization. Therefore it is suggested that the existing welfare measures

may be improved further. Such welfare measures enrich the employee

standard of living and their satisfaction levels.

Sindhu (2012) stated the employee welfare measures increase the

productivity of organization and promote healthy industrial relations there by

maintaining industrial peace. Organizations provide welfare facilities to their

employees to keep their motivation levels high. Business houses provide

many such statutory and non statutory things policies to maintain satisfactory

level of their employee. When they get better canteen facilities, good water to

drink, clean restrooms, clean and hygiene wash rooms and bathrooms,

regular medical checkups, health insurances, Employee assistance

programme, grievance handling department, better facilities to sit or good

work place gives employee a high level of satisfactory level. This gives an

organisation to grow much faster.

58

Upadhyay and Gupta (2012) conclude that communication plays a major role

in increasing the satisfaction of an employee. Satisfied employees are

reported to have high morale. Welfare measures and work experience does

not necessarily relates to satisfaction .Therefore its recommended that

company should provide for adequate welfare measures but should not

burden itself by increasing the cost part of it in greed to earn the competitive

edge and declare itself as most desired company. Other factors like good and

open communication, providing motivating factors, empowerment etc should

be taken into consideration for increasing the employee satisfaction level.

Resma and Basavraju (2013) stated the employee welfare is a

comprehensive term including various services, benefits and facilities offered

to employees of the organization. This study enlightens the concept of welfare

measures; it also highlights the employee‘s perception regarding the various

statutory welfare measures provided by the Donimalai Iron Ore Mine,

Bellary. Logasakthi and Rajagopal (2013) reveled the employees enjoy not

only the satisfaction of their jobs but also various facilities given by the firms.

The labours extend their maximum support for the improvement of the

company. The personal department takes care of the total human resources

in the company. The management provides all the health safety and welfares

to the employees that will help to produce better performance in the work and

working environment.

Srinivas (2013) identified welfare facilities and employee‘s satisfaction level

about welfare facilities adopted at Bosch limited, Bangalore. It is found that

most of the, welfare facilities like medical, canteen, working environment,

safety measures etc., are provided by the company and most of the

employees are satisfied with the welfare facilities adopted by the company

towards the employee‘s welfare.

59

Nanda and Panda (2013) stated the Rourkela Steel Plant has adopted a

better kind of welfare activities which create an effective working environment

and thus better productivity. There is different kind of welfare schemes like

medical allowance; death relief fund, insurance, housing and transportation

facilities recreation club etc. are provided by the company to the employees to

maintain the industrial relation better one .The premises and the departments

are maintained healthy. Also proper safety measures have been adopted in

the organization. All matters relating to safety, health and welfare of

employees are properly implemented. .

Prabakar .S (2013) the purpose of the study is employees satisfaction

&welfare measures and to know the awareness about the concept of

employees welfare. The studies conclude that employees are satisfied and

some are not satisfied with the present welfare measures. Hence, taking the

global reality, the management may review the problem with a soft mind.

Sulaiman .J , Alaguthankamani (2013) The study is to know the overall

welfare of an employee with special preference to Safety and Health

programs, at two wheeler spare parts manufacturing industry in Chennai.

Surveys are conducted to know how the Safety, Health and Environmental

Improvements measures are taken by the industry. The result of this study

shows that majority of the employees perceive the present efforts taken by the

two wheeler spare parts manufacturing industry in Chennai, on safety

measures and work environment is satisfactory.

Tiwari.U (2014) the basic propose of employee welfare is to enrich the life of

employees and to keep them happy and conducted. Welfare measures may

be both statutory and non-statutory; laws require the employer to extend

certain benefits to employees in addition to wages or salaries. In the present

study an attempt has been made to study the employee welfare facilities

and its impact on employee‘s efficiency at Vindha Telelinks Ltd. Rewa

Madhya Pradesh. The study show the Employees welfare facilities and its

impact on employees efficiency at Vindha Telelinks Ltd. Rewa appear good.

The average mean score and percentage score of the overall of 22 items

has been computed at 3.64(66%).It can be conclude that the employee

60

welfare facilities provided by the company to employees are satisfied and it is

commendable, but still of scope is there for further improvement. So that

efficiency, effectiveness and productivity can be enhanced to accomplish the

organizational goals.

61

62

a. Problem Statement

The research problem of the study is ―to measure the health, safety and

welfare of the employees of Sumul dairy.‖

b. Research objective

To study on health, safety and welfare of employees of Sumul dairy.

To understand the practical implication of health & safety legislation.

To know workers satisfaction level with current health, safety and

welfare system of Sumul dairy.

c. Research Design

―The research design is the method and process for the conducting particular

study, broadly speaking; it can be grouped in the three main categories –

Exploratory, Descriptive and Causal.

Type of design

―The research design is the method and process for the conducting particular

study, broadly speaking; it can be grouped in the three main categories –

Exploratory, Descriptive and Causal.

Figure No: 5.1: Research Design Types

Reserch

Design

Exlporatory Descriptive Casual

63

Descriptive

Descriptive study is used when researcher interested in knowing the

features of certain group like age, sex, educational level, operation etc.‖

This research conducted is a descriptive research. This is descriptive in

nature because the study is focused on fact finding investigation in a well

structured form and is based on primary data. Primary data has been used

in the form of a questionnaire in order to collect data.

2. Sampling:

Sample size of this survey would be 200 respondents.

3. Data collection:

Sources of Data:

This research study is based on primary data structured questionnaire has

been used.

Sampling method

The non probabilistic convenience sampling method was used to collect the

responses.

Survey Tools

A Structured questionnaire was used as tool of data collection.

4. Tools of analysis:

SPSS

5. Limitation of Study

i The Study was limited to Surat area only and survey was done in 6

week of limited time period.

ii Sample selected may not represent the whole population, as

sample size selected was very small in population due to time and

cost constrains.

64

65

To study the demographic information of respondent.

Gender:

To study demographic details of respondent they were asked to answer their

gender.

Table 6.1 gender shows the same frequency.

Gender

Frequency Percent

Male 172 86.0

Female 28 14.0

Total 200 100.0

Figure -6.1 gender

INTERPRETATION:

From the table 6.1 it can be interpret that 86% employees are male and 14%

employees are female. In Sumul male employees are more than female.

172

28

male female

gender

Frequency

66

Age:

Below 20 Years between 30 to 40 Years

Between 20 to 30 Years above 40 Years

To study demographic details of respondent they were asked to answer their

age.

Table 6.2 age shows the same frequency.

Age Frequency Percent

below 20 18 9.0

20 to 30 37 18.5

31 to 40 53 26.5

above 40 92 46.0

Total 200 100.0

Figure -6.2 age

INTERPRETATION:

From the above figure-6.2 it can be conclude that 9% employees are below

20 age group.18.5% are between 20 to 30 age ,26.5% are between 31 to 40

age group and 46% employees are above 40 age.

18

3753

92

below 20 20 to 30 31 to 40 above 40

age

Frequency

67

Qualification:

Under Graduate Graduate Post Graduate Other

To study demographic details of respondent they were asked to answer their

qualification.

Table 6.3 qualification shows the same frequency.

Qualification Frequency Percent

under graduate 19 9.5

Graduate 79 39.5

post graduate 101 50.5

Other 1 5

Total 200 100.0

Figure -6.3 qualification

INTERPRETATION:

The above figure-6.3 shows that there are 9.5% employees are under

graduate, 39.5% employees are graduate and 50.5% are post graduate

employees. The majority of employees are post graduate in Sumul.

19

79

101

1

under graduate graduate post graduate other

qualification

Frequency

68

Annual income:

Below Rs.2, 00,000s Rs. 2, 00,000 – Rs.4, 00,000

Rs.4, 00,000 – Rs.6, 00,000 above Rs. 6, 00,000

To study demographic details of respondent they were asked to answer their

annual income.

Table 6.4 annual incomes shows the same frequency.

Annual income Frequency Percent

below 200000 31 15.5

200001 to 400000 78 39.0

400001 to 600000 77 38.5

above 600000 14 7.0

Total 200 100.0

Figure-6.4 annual income

INTERPRETATION:

From the above figure-6.4 it can be analyze that 15.5% employees annual

income is below 200000.38.5% are earn between 200001 to 400000.38.5 %

are earn between 400001 to 600000. And 0.5% employees annual income

above 600000.

1837

53

92

below 20 20 to 30 31 to 40 above 40

annual incomeFrequency

69

Department:

HR Department Marketing Finance Production

Assembling IT department Quality department

To study demographic details of respondent they were asked to answer their

department.

Table 6.5 department shows the frequency

Department Frequency Percent

hr department 26 13.0

Marketing 44 22.0

Finance 37 18.5

Production 47 23.5

Dispatch 13 6.5

IT 21 10.5

Quality 12 6.0

Total 200 100.0

70

Figure-6.5 department

INTERPRETATION:

In the above figure-6.5 it can be concluded that 13% employees are from hr

department , 22% employees are from marketing , 18.5% are from finance

23.5% employees are from production department 6.5% employees are from

dispatch department 10.5% and 6% are from the it department and quality

department respectively. The highest ratio from the production department

employees.

26

44

37

47

13

21

12

hr department

marketing finance production dispatch IT quality

department

Frequency

71

Experience:

Below 3 yr 3-5 yr 5-10 yr above10 yr

To study demographic details of respondent they were asked to answer their

experience.

Table 6.6 annual incomes shows the same frequency.

Experience Frequency Percent

below 3 year 30 15.0

3 to 5years 48 24.0

5 to 10 85 42.5

10 above 37 18.5

Total 200 100.0

Figure-6.6 experience

INTERPRETATION:

The above figure-6.6 shows that 15% employees have experience of work in

Sumul below 3 years, 24% have between 3 to 5 years, 42.5 % employees

have between 5 to 10 years of experience and 18.5%employees have above

10 years of experience.

30

48

85

37

below 3 year 3 to 5years 5 to 10 10 above

experience

Frequency

72

To study following factors provided or not by organization.

Details about Sumul is providing or not safety and welfare policy.

Yes no

To study some factors that provided or not to respondent, they were asked to

answer that Sumul have safety and welfare policy.

Table 6.7 shows the same frequency and percentage.

Safety and welfare policy Frequency Percent

Yes 200 100.0

Figure- 6.7 safety and welfare policy

INTERPRETATION:

From the above safety and welfare policy figure 6.7 it can be concluded that

there are 100% employees says that Sumul is providing safety and welfare

policy.

200

Frequency

safety and welfare policy

yes

73

Details about Sumul is providing or not training for handling any

kind of emergency situation at work-place.

Yes No

To study some factors that provided or not to respondent, they were asked to

answer that Sumul gives training for handling any kind of emergency situation

at work place.

Table 6.8 shows the same frequency and percentage.

Training for handling

emergency situation Frequency Percent

yes 200 100.0

Figure- 6.8 training for handling emergency situation

NTERPRETATION;

Figure-6.7 shows that 100% employees say yes that Sumul is providing

training for handling emergency situation at workplace.

200

Frequency

training for handling emergency situation

yes

74

Details about Sumul are providing or not first-aid treatment for

various elements.

Yes No

To study some factors that provided or not to respondent, they were asked to

answer that Sumul gives first-aid treatments to the injured.

Table 6.9 shows the same frequency and percentage.

First aid treatment Frequency Percent

Yes 200 100.0

Figure-6.9 first-aid treatment

INTERPRETATION:

From the figure-6.9 it can be concluded that the Sumul is providing first aid

treatment for injured workers or employees.

200

Frequency

first-aid teatment

yes

75

Details about Sumul are providing or not health insurance and

accident benefits.

Yes No

To study some factors that provided or not to respondent, they were asked to

answer that Sumul provides health insurance and accident benefits.

Table 6.10 shows the same frequency and percentage.

Health insurance and accident

benefits Frequency Percent

No 200 100.0

Figure-6.10 hralth insurance and medical benefits

INTERPRETATION:

We can see that from the above figure-6.10 company is not providing health

insurance and accident benefit to the employees and workers.

200

Frequency

health insurance and medical benifits

yes no

76

Measures some factors of welfare, health and safety

mentioned below.

To study some factors that is satisfied to the employees of the Sumul.

Table 6.11 factors to be measured

Features Highly satisfied

satisfied Neutral dissatisfied Highly

dissatisfied Total

Present leave policy

0 83 105 12 0 200

Cleaning facility

0 98 102 0 0 200

Ventilation and temperature control

0 73 119 8 0 200

Drinking water facility

0 106 94 0 0 200

Toilet facilities

0 82 118 0 0 200

Safety provided on machinery

0 22 63 115 0 200

Training provided before handling difficult machine

0 111 82 7 0 190

Usage of safety equipment

0 85 110 5 0 200

Facility provided for protection of body

0 99 72 29 0 200

Canteen facility

0 42 158 0 0 200

Hospital facilities

8 41 82 21 48 200

Washing facility

0 4 8 92 96 200

Sitting arrangement facilities

0 4 95 64 37 200

Noise control & Lighting facilities

0 0 30 100 70 200

77

Det

Detail about leave policy whether the employees are satisfied or

not

To study some factors for which respondents are satisfied or not, they were

asked to answer about leave policy of the Sumul.

figure -6.11 leave policy

INTERPRETATION:

From the above figure-6.11 it can be interpreted that 83 employees out of 200

are satisfied with the leave policy of the Sumul dairy.

83

105

12

satisfied neutral dissatisfied

Leave policy

Frequency

Transport facilities

0 4 26 63 107 200

Shelters, Rest rooms facility

0 69 128 3 0 200

78

Details about cleaning facility whether the employees are satisfied

or not.

To study some factors for which respondents are satisfied or not, they

were asked to answer about cleaning facility of the Sumul.

Figure-6.12 cleaning facility

INTERPRETATION:

From the figure-6.12 it can be found that 98 employees are satisfied with the

cleaning facility and 102 employees out of 200 are neither satisfied nor

dissatisfied.

98

102

satisfied neutral

Cleaning facility

Frequency

79

Details about Ventilation and temperature control whether

employees satisfied or not.

Study some factors for which respondents are satisfied or not , they

were asked to answer about ventilation and temperature control of the

Sumul.

Figure-6.13 ventilation and temperature control

INTERPRETATION:

From the above figure-6.13 it can be interpreted that 73 employees are

satisfied with the ventilation and temperature control and 8 employees are

dissatisfied with the ventilation and temperature control facility.

73

119

8

satisfied neutral dissatisfied

Ventilation and Temprature control

Frequency

80

Details about drinking water facility whether employees are

satisfied or not.

To study some factors for which respondents are satisfied or not , they

were asked to answer about drinking water facility of the Sumul.

Figure -6.14 drinking water facilities

INTERPRETATION:

From the above figure-6.14 it can be found that out of 200 employees 106

employees are satisfied with the drinking water facility that provided by sumul.

106

94

satisfied neutral

Drinking water facility

Frequency

81

Details about toilet facility whether employees satisfied or not.

To study some factors for which respondents are satisfied or not, they

were asked to answer about toilet facility of the Sumul.

Figure-6.15 toilet facility

INTERPRETATION:

From the above figure-6.15 it can be concluded that 82 employees are

satisfied with the toilet facility and 118 are neutral .

82

118

satisfied neutral

Toilet facility

Frequency

82

Details about safety provided on machinery whether employees

satisfied or not.

To study some factors for which respondents are satisfied or not , they

were asked to answer about safety provide on machinery of the Sumul.

Figure-6.16 safety provided on machinery

INTERPRETATION:

From the above figure-6.16 it can be concluded that 22 employees out of 200

employees are satisfied with the safety provided on machinery and 115

employees are dissatisfied with the safety provided on machinery

22

63

115

satisfied neutral dissatisfied

Safety provided on machinery

Frequency

83

Details about training provided before handling difficult machine

whether employees are satisfied or not.

To study some factors for which respondents are satisfied or not , they

were asked to answer about training provided before handling difficult

machine of the Sumul.

figure-6.17 training provided before handling difficult machine

INTERPRETATION:

Above figure-6.17 concluded that 111 employees are satisfied with the

training provide before handling difficult machine. 7 employees are not

satisfied with training provide before handling difficult machine.

111

82

7

satisfied neutral dissatisfied

training provided before handling difficult machine

Frequency

84

Details about usage of safety equipment whether employees are

satisfied or not.

To study some factors for which respondents are satisfied or not , they

were asked to answer about safety equipment of the Sumul.

Figure-6.18 usage of safety equipment

INTERPRETATION:

From the above figure-6.18 it can be interpreted that 85 employees of sumul

are satisfied with the usage of safety equipment and 5 employees are

dissatisfied.

85

110

5

satisfied neutral dissatisfied

Safety equipment

Frequency

85

Details about facility provided for protection of body whether

employees are satisfied or not.

To study some factors for which respondents are satisfied or not, they

were asked to answer about facility provided for protection of body of

the Sumul.

Figure-6.19protection of body

INTERPRETATION:

from the above figure-6.19 it can be concluded that 99 employees out of 200

are satisfied with the protection of body facility and 29 employees are

dissatisfied.

99

72

29

satisfied neutral dissatisfied

facility provided for protection of body

Frequency

86

Details about canteen facility whether employees are satisfied or

not.

To study some factors for which respondents are satisfied or not , they

were asked to answer about canteen facility of the Sumul.

Figure-6.20 canteen facility

INTERPRETATION:

From the above figure-6.20 it can be concluded that 42 employees are

satisfied with the canteen facility and 158 are neither satisfied nor dissatisfied

with the canteen facility.

42

158

satisfied neutral

canteen facility

Frequency

87

Details about hospital facility whether employees are satisfied or

not.

To study some factors for which respondents are satisfied or not , they

were asked to answer about hospital facility of the Sumul.

Figure-6.21 hospital facility

INTERPRETATION:

From the above figure-6.21 it can be concluded that 41 employees are

satisfied with the hospital facility and 21 employees are dissatisfied with the

hospital facility.

8

41

82

21

48

highly satisfied satisfied neutral dissatisfied highly dissatisfied

hospital facility

Frequency

88

Details about washing facility whether employees are satisfied or

not.

To study some factors for which respondents are satisfied or not , they

were asked to answer about washing facility of the Sumul.

Figure-6.22 washing facility

INTERPRETATION:

From the above figure-6.22 it can be concluded that 4 employees are satisfied

with the washing facility and 92 employees are dissatisfied with washing

facility. In this factor dissatisfaction level is high.

4 8

92 96

satisfied neutral dissatisfied highly dissatisfied

Washing facility

Frequency

89

Details about sitting arrangement facility whether employees are

satisfied or not.

To study some factors for which respondents are satisfied or not , they

were asked to answer about sitting arrangement of the Sumul.

Figure-6.23 sitting arrangement

INTERPRETATION:

From the above figure-6.23 it can be concluded that 4 employees are

satisfied with the sitting arrangement that is provided by sumul and 64

employees are dissatisfied with the sitting arrangement.

4

95

64

37

satisfied neutral dissatisfied highly dissatisfied

sitting arrangement

Frequency

90

Details about noise control and lighting facility whether

employees are satisfied or not.

To study some factors for which respondents are satisfied or not , they

were asked to answer about noise control and lighting facility of the

Sumul.

Figure -6.23 noise control and lighting facility

INTERPRETATION:

From the above figure-6.23 it can be concluded that there is no employees

that are satisfied with the noise control and lighting facility .70 employees are

highly dissatisfied with the noise control and lighting facility.

30

100

70

neutral dissatisfied highly dissatisfied

noise control and lighting facility

Frequency

91

Details about transport facility whether employees are satisfied or

not.

To study some factors for which respondents are satisfied or not , they

were asked to answer about transport facility of the Sumul.

Figure-6.24 transport facility

INTERPRETATION:

From the above figure-6.24 it can be concluded that 4 employyes are satisfied

with the transport facility. 107 employees are highly dissatisfied with the

transport facility.

4

26

63

107

satisfied neutral dissatisfied highly dissatisfied

Transport facility

Frequency

92

Details about shelter and rest room facility whether employees are

satisfied or not.

To study some factors for which respondents are satisfied or not , they

were asked to answer about shelter and rest room of the Sumul.

Figure-6.25 shelter and rest room facility

INTERPRETATION:

From the above figure-6.25 it can be interpreted that 69 employees are

satisfied with the shelter and rest room facility and 3 employees are highly

dissatisfied with shelter and rest room facility.

69

128

3

satisfied neutral highly dissatisfied

shelter and rest room

Frequency

93

FACTOR ANALYSIS:

Table-6.12 KMO and Bartlett's Test

Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling

Adequacy.

.508

Bartlett's Test of

Sphericity

Approx. Chi-Square 1005.68

4

Df 120

Sig. .000

Figure-6.12

94

Table-6.13 Component Matrix

Component

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Usage of safety equipment .688

Transport facilities .629

Facility provided for

protection of body

.627 .558

Hospital facilities .623

Toilet facilities .603

Drinking water facility

Training provided before

handling difficult machine

.750

Cleaning facility .591

Sitting arrangement facilities -.518

Ventilation and temperature

control

Washing facility .584

Shelters, Rest rooms facility .582

Canteen facility .514

Noise control & Lighting

facilities

Present leave policy .539

Safety provided on

machinery

-.595

95

Table-6.14 Communalities

Initial Extraction

Present leave policy 1.000 .714

Cleaning facility 1.000 .809

Ventilation and temperature control 1.000 .812

Drinking water facility 1.000 .648

Toilet facilities 1.000 .763

Safety provided on machinery 1.000 .765

Training provided before handling difficult machine 1.000 .855

Usage of safety equipment 1.000 .713

Facility provided for protection of body 1.000 .868

Canteen facility 1.000 .569

Hospital facilities 1.000 .886

Washing facility 1.000 .779

Sitting arrangement facilities 1.000 .733

Noise control & Lighting facilities 1.000 .717

Transport facilities 1.000 .660

Shelters, Rest rooms facility 1.000 .801

96

Table-6.15 Total Variance Explained

Compone

nt

Initial Eigenvalues Extraction Sums of

Squared Loadings

Rotation Sums of

Squared Loadings

Total % of

Varianc

e

Cumula

tive %

Total % of

Varianc

e

Cumula

tive %

Total % of

Varianc

e

Cumula

tive %

1 2.954 18.463 18.463 2.954 18.463 18.463 2.407 15.045 15.045

2 2.025 12.656 31.118 2.025 12.656 31.118 1.978 12.363 27.408

3 1.799 11.241 42.359 1.799 11.241 42.359 1.687 10.542 37.950

4 1.618 10.115 52.474 1.618 10.115 52.474 1.665 10.404 48.353

5 1.484 9.276 61.750 1.484 9.276 61.750 1.635 10.216 58.569

6 1.208 7.552 69.302 1.208 7.552 69.302 1.417 8.856 67.425

7 1.001 6.255 75.557 1.001 6.255 75.557 1.301 8.131 75.557

8 .823 5.143 80.699

9 .668 4.176 84.875

10 .570 3.565 88.440

11 .508 3.175 91.615

12 .392 2.447 94.063

13 .329 2.059 96.121

14 .255 1.596 97.718

15 .197 1.232 98.949

16 .168 1.051 100.00

0

97

Table-6.16 Rotated Component Matrix

Component

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Toilet facilities .869

Usage of safety equipment .788

Hospital facilities .636

Sitting arrangement facilities .850

Transport facilities -.683

Training provided before handling

difficult machine

.582

Noise control & Lighting facilities .774

Cleaning facility -.638 .580

Facility provided for protection of

body

.525 .565

Shelters, Rest rooms facility .879

Canteen facility .588

Ventilation and temperature

control

.864

Drinking water facility .521

Present leave policy .704

Washing facility .692

Safety provided on machinery .856

Table-6.17 Component Transformation Matrix

Compon

ent

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 .751 -.402 .331 .249 .051 -.273 -.163

2 .332 .475 -.417 .436 .437 -.011 .331

3 -.394 -.656 -.122 .181 .551 -.128 .215

4 -.127 -.108 .289 .643 -.371 .494 .305

5 -.313 .407 .653 .230 .372 -.239 -.250

6 .239 -.007 .345 -.445 .435 .617 .238

7 -.002 -.070 -.271 .225 .195 .477 -.778

98

INTERPRETATION: The KMO and Bartlett’s test table displays the results for interpreting the

adequacy of data for factor analysis. (KMO) is a measure of sampling

adequacy for our sample to be adequate for understanding factor analysis. In

this test the value of KMO test is 0.508 and the p-value of Bartlett‘s test is

.000, factor analysis can be undertaking with this data.

The screen plot determines the optimal number of components. It plots the

eigenvalues of each component. The numbers of components which fall on

the slope are extract. At that time, it is this Kaiser criterion of extracting all

components with eigenvalues greater than 1 can be resorted to. The

component beyond the point where the curve changes its direction and

becomes horizontal.

The component matrix table shows the seven components that are

extracted. This is unrotated component matrix. The unrotated component

matrix displays the correlation between variables and the extracted

components. These correlations are known as factor loadings. The first factor

is more highly correlated with the variables than the second factor.

The next table displays communities community means the proportion of

variance due to common factors and shared by several items. Communities

help estimate the variance that is unique to each variable.

The total variance explained table displays the total variance, percentage

variance and cumulative percentage variance for both –unrotated and rotated

components. The first half of the table shows details of unrotated components

and the second half shows the details of rotated components. The cumulative

variance for both the unroatated and rotated components is 75.557 %.for

unroatated component the first component explain the maximum variance,

followed by declining variance of the second and third component ,where as

in rotated components, the variance is uniformly distributed.

99

Component 1 accounts for 18.463% of total variance component 2 accounts

for. And component 3 accounts for 37.95% .of the total variance in this model.

The cumulative percentage of variance of unrotated as well as rotated

components is always same.

In the rotated component matrix, each represents the partial correlation

coefficients between variable and the rotated component. These coefficients

help in identifying the component.

In this study the variable constituting components 1 are :

toilet facility

usage of safety equipment

hospital facility

The variables constituting component 2 are

sitting arrangement

transport facilities

training provided before handling difficult machine

The variables constituting component 3 are

noise control & lighting facility

cleaning facility

facility provided for protection of body

The variables constituting component 4 are

shelters and rest room

canteen facility

The variables constituting component 5 are

ventilation & temperature control

drinking water facility

The variables constituting component 6 are

present leave policy

washing facility

Component 7 comprise only one variable and that is

safety provided on machinery

100

FINDINGS:

From the data analysis it can be interpreted that 86% employees are male

and 14% employees are female.

It can be conclude that 9% employees are below 20 age group.18.5% are

between 20 to 30 age, 26.5% are between 31 to 40 age group and 46%

employees are above 40 age.

Data analysis shows that there are 9.5% employees are under graduate,

39.5% employees are graduate and 50.5% are post graduate employees. The

majority of employees are post graduate in Sumul.

It is found that 15.5% employee‘s annual income is below INR 200000.

38.5% earns between INR 200001 to 400000. 38.5 % employees‘ earn

between INR 400001 to 600000. And 0.5% employees‘ annual income is

above 600000.

It is found that 13% employees are from hr department , 22% employees are

from marketing , 18.5% are from finance 23.5% employees are from

production department 6.5% employees are from dispatch department 10.5%

and 6% are from the it department and quality department respectively. The

highest ratio from the production department employees.

It is found that 15% employees have experience of work in Sumul below 3

years, 24% have between 3 to 5 years, 42.5 % employees have between 5 to

10 years of experience and 18.5% employees have above 10 years of

experience.

In Sumul 100% employees says that Sumul is providing safety and welfare

policy, training for handling emergency situation, first-aid treatment for injured

workers and Sumul is not providing health insurance and medical benefit to

the employees.

From data interpretation it can be found that 98 employees are satisfied with

the cleaning facility and 102 employees out of 200 are neither satisfied nor

dissatisfied.

101

It can be concluded that 111 employees are satisfied with the training provide

before handling difficult machine. 7 employees are not satisfied with training

provide before handling difficult machine.

It can be concluded that 4 employees are satisfied with the transport facility.

107 employees are highly dissatisfied with the transport facility.

In this factor it can be concluded that training before handling difficult machine

is highly satisfied factor among all and transport facility is highly dissatisfied

factors.

The KMO and Bartlett‘s test table displays the results for interpreting the

adequacy of data for factor analysis. In this test the value of KMO test is 0.508

and the p-value of Bartlett‘s test is .000. The cumulative variance for both the

unrotated and rotated components is 75.557 %.for unrotated component the

first component explain the maximum variance, followed by declining variance

of the second and third component ,where as in rotated components, the

variance is uniformly distributed.

In factor analysis there are 7 components. They are the variable constituting

welfare facility, comfort area, working environment, health facility, necessities,

policy, and safety policy.

In welfare facility component it includes toilet facility, usage of safety

equipment, and hospital facility. In working environment component it includes

noise control and lighting facility, cleaning facility and facility provided for

protection of body. In health facility component it includes shelter and rest

room facility and canteen facility. In safety policy component it included only

one variable that is safety provided on machinery.

From the analysis it can be concluded that over all measures of health, safety

and welfare is good.

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103

Conclusion:

From the data collection and analysis it can be conclude that organization is

doing well for the employees and providing most of HEALTH, SAFETY AND

WELFARE related atmosphere for the betterment of employees that is good

for them as well as organization.

From the study it can be concluded that company is using factory act

legislation and it also implement this same in organization. Most of the factors

are provided by the company like safety and welfare policy, first aid treatment

etc.

From the study it concludes that training provided before handling difficult

machine is more satisfied factors. And the transportation facility is dissatisfied

factor for the employees. Company has to provide transport facility for the

betterment of employees

From the factor analysis it can be concluded that the cumulative variance for

both the unroatated and rotated components is 75.557 %.for unroatated

component the first component explain the maximum variance.

In factor analysis there are 7 components. They are the variable constituting

welfare facility, comfort area, working environment, health facility, necessities,

policy, and safety facility.

104

105

WEBSITES:

<http://sumul.com>.

june 2016 <http://sumul.com/sumul-org-structure.html>.

june 2016 <http://sumul.com/sumul-distribution.html>.

<http://bmvyas.blogspot.in/2012/06/indian-dairy-industry-past-present-

and.html>.

<http://freepestelanalysis.com/pestelpest-of-dairy-industry>.

<http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20131030006355/en/Research-

Markets-Dairy-Industry-India-2013-2019>.

< http://www.dairyfarmguide.com/scenario-of-dairy-production-0100.html>

ARTICALES:

Alexander Cohen, PhD Michael J. Colligan(1998),‘‘assessing occupational

safety & health training‘‘ DHHS (NIOSH) publication no-98-145.

j.sulaiman, m.alaguthnkamani, ‗‘ a study on employees satisfaction & safety

measures‖ Indian journal of applied research (march 2013) Volume : 3 Issue :

3 ISSN - 2249

Jane, E.et.al ‗‘ employment status and health after privatization in white collar

civil‘‘ BMJ VOLUME 322 ,(march 2000)

Josephine moeti, lysson & Rudolph,‘‘ safety practices in small & medium size

enterprises.‘‘E3 journal of business management & economics (sep 2011)

ISSN 2141-7482

ken winter, ‗‘employees health, safety indicates programs ― Virginia

department of transportation research library (sep 2007)

S.prabakar,‗‘ employee satisfaction & welfare measures.‘‘ Re-engineering of

Indian economy opportunities & challenges (24th October 2013) Volume: III

,Special Issue: X

106

Usha tiwari,‖ a study on employees welfare facilities and its impact on

employees efficiency.‘‘ journal of research in management & technology

(2014) Online ISSN-2320-0073.

Zanko, M. & Dawson, P. (2012). Occupational health and safety

management in organizations: A review. International Journal of Management

Reviews, 14 (3), 328-344. The definitive version is available at

www3.interscience.wiley.co

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QUESTIONNAIRE

I am richa brahmbhatt pursuing MBA from S. R. Luthra Institute of

Management, Surat As a part of the curriculum I am doing research on “The

Health, Safety and Welfare of employees at workplace in Sumul Dairy in

surat” Kindly help me in the same by filling the Questionnaire. Your response

would be kept strictly confidential and would be used only for academic

research.

Demographic Profile:

Name:

Age: Below 20 Years Between 30 to 40 Years

Between 20 to 30 Years Above 40 Years

Gender: male female

Qualification:

Under Graduate Graduate Post Graduate

Other

Annual income:

Below Rs.2,00,000 Rs. 2,00,000 – Rs.4,00,000

Rs.4,00,000 – Rs.6,00,000 Above Rs. 6,00,000

Department:

HR Department Marketing Finance

Production Assembling

IT department Quality department

Years of experience at Sumul Diary:

Below 3 yr 3-5 yr 5-10 yr above10 yr

1. Which amongst the following, provided by your

organization?

Statements Yes No

Safety and welfare policy

Training for handling any kind of emergency situation at work-

place

First-Aid treatments for various elements

Health insurance and accidents benefits

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2. How far you are satisfied with the following welfare, health

& safety measures mentioned below, in your organization?

Request you to rate on following scale.

Statements

Highly

Satisfi

ed

Satisfie

d

Neutra

l

Dis-

satisfie

d

Highly

Dis-

satisfie

d

Present leave policy

Cleaning facility

Ventilation and temperature

control

Drinking water facility

Toilet facilities

Safety provided on machinery

Training provided before

handling difficult machine

Usage of safety equipment

Facility provided for protection of

body

Canteen facility

Hospital facilities

Washing facility

Sitting arrangement facilities

Noise control & Lighting facilities

Transport facilities

Shelters, Rest rooms facility