tobacco & ncd raúl mejía cedes university of buenos aires argentina
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TOBACCO & NCDTOBACCO & NCD
Raúl MejíaCEDES
University of Buenos AiresArgentina
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Tobacco caused deaths 2000-2030• Base-line scenario
– 2005 – 5.4 million– 2015 – 6.5 million– 2030 – 8.3 million
• Optimistic scenario– 2030 – 7.4 million
• Pessimistic scenario– 2030 – 9.4 million
• Change by income 2002-2030 – High – 9% decline– Medium/low – 2x
• 3.4 – 6.8 million
Mathers and Loncar. PLoS Medicine. 2006
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CARDIOVASCULAR RISKS OF SMOKING
100% Increase in Risk
300% Increase in Risk
Stroke; CHD; Impotence
Death from undiagnosed CHD
> 300 % Increase in Risk
Peripheral Arterial Disease
400 % Increase in Risk
Aortic Aneurysm
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What works on tobacco controlFramework Convention on Tobacco
Control– Comprehensive advertising bans– Rotating health warning (>30%)– Ban misleading terms “light”– Protect citizens from exposure to
secondhand smoke– Combat smuggling– Increase taxes
• Expose the tobacco industry (my own)
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Copyright ©2004 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd.Sargent, R. P et al. BMJ 2004;328:977-980
Heart attack admissions during the 6 months (June-Nov) before, during (2002) and after smoke-free ordinance implementation.
2nd hand smoking is also important
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WHO FCTC
• First global public health treaty
• Signed by 168 countries
• Ratified by 157 countries
• Went into force in February 2005
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Objective
“To protect present and future generations from the devastating health, social, environmental and economic consequences of tobacco consumption and exposure to tobacco smoke...”
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Ratification of FCTC: an example of KTE
• Policymakers (legislators) are not well informed about the consequences of tobacco smoking.
• Few legislatores interested in reducing tobacco consumption.
• Few “good quality” local information and most of it in English.
• Few experts in tobacco control research
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Opportunities• Tobacco control research worldwide
– Epidemic
• Political pressure– Politicians like to look good
• Good things are happening already– Need critical evaluation– Be opened to criticism
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Challenges
• Tobacco industry– Well organized
– Learned from the past
– 20 years ahead of us
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What happened in Argentina
• We have got the information
• We have published it
• We have disseminated through the media
• Politicians were interested– Former Health Minister
But…..
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Tobacco situation in Argentina
• 5 provinces produces tobacco
• We have not ratified the FCTC yet
• Almost 30% of Argentinean population smokes
• A 20 cigarettes pack cost 1 l. gas
• Partial bans for smoking in public spaces
• Partial bans for advertising
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What could work?
• Alliances with committed legislators
• More “agresive” journalists
• Improvement in how research results are transmited to policymakers
• Civil society engagment
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Civil coalition with the objetive of promote 100% free smoke
areas in Argentina