tobacco policy analysis revisetabaco policyd

7/27/2019 Tobacco Policy Analysis Revisetabaco policyd

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ProblemDefinition

Policiesand

Methods of Analysis

Stake-holders/Politics

History of the Issue

Policy Formulation What can we do?

Policy Implementation How do we make it work


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I m pl e m

e n t a t i on

ImpedimentsTactical Plan

IdentifyIssues

Stakeholder Frames

ProblemDefinitionPolicyInstruments

Cast of Characters

Identify theOptions

AnalyticMethods

Analyst'sFrame

HistoricalWhy, How

CurrentConditions

DecisionMakers

InfluenceBrokers

Definition of Needed Change

Definition of Options &Means

Definition of Constituency

Definition of Strategy

Evaluation of

The Policy-Making Process

An al y s i s

Identification of Impediments

NegotiationsRegulation Legislation

Enforcement


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Problem Definition

Issue Identification and Knowledge Base Lung and heart disease

Evidence400,000 + deaths per year attributable to Tobacco

Addiction Young smokers Intentional nicotine blending

Industry knowledge When (early)

What (everything)Current Conditions

Political and Popular movement against tobacco Increasing fear of Cancer


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Definition of Needed Change

Kessler Proposal Prohibit sales to < 18 yr olds Prohibit sales in vending machines Prohibit free samples

Prohibit brand name advertising at sporting events Prohibit advertising on clothing, tote bags, etc Prohibit any advertising within 1000 feet of a school Require any advertising to be black and white text Make distributors responsible for under age sales

Create a $150 million fund for anti-smoking


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Policy Instruments

Analysts frame Federal and State Public Health official

Analytic methods available Epidemiology

Health Causation: HypothesisIf you are a smoker you have a higher than normal probability youwill die of respiratory cancer or heart disease

Economic Costs: HypothesisSmoking is a societal ill. Persons who smoke place an unacceptablyhigh burden on society in terms of loss of productivity and increased

medical care requirements

Rationale for Action FDA job description

Interpretation or fact?


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Definition of the Means

Legal -- State and Federal CourtsAdministrative -- Issue regulatory orders

Assume the authority exists

Legislative -- Propose a change in the lawNegotiation -- Bring all the parties to the tablePolitical -- Create an alliance with the PresidentPress -- Feed the media with consumable science

Inertia -- do nothing and let the process go forwardon its own momentum


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Cast of Characters

On side of greater regulation Stakeholders

Health Community Families of dead and dying smokers

Academic / Scientific Community (truth ) Some members of Congress

Tax revenues

Decision makers Some members of Congress

Influence Brokers The President Ex senator Goldwater

Why? Bastion of the ultra conservative right


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Cast of Characters

On side of the Tobacco Industry Stakeholders

Tobacco Companies Smokers (tax)

Advertising Companies Convenience Store Owners Billboard Owners Some members of Congress

Tobacco States

Contributions Decision makers

Some members of Congress Influence Brokers

Some members of Congress

Specific members of the Scientific Community


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Definition / Evaluation of Impediments

Tobacco $ and legal expertiseInsufficient fundsAbility to remain at FDA

Kessler specifically

Congressional resistanceLegal / administrative basis for position

FDA does / does not have the authority


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Development of Strategy

Attack the industry from as many sides as possible Continuous harassment

Move as though the agency has the authority andthe resources to enforce it

Force them onto your playing field

Develop a coherent policy position on actionsrequired of the industry

Get them down and then kick them while they are down


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Tactical Plan

Define required response by industry and assurethat their actions are monitorable and enforceablewithin the resource base (or expected resourcebase) of the Agency

Support (intellectually not financially) plaintiff suits against the industryProvide information to the mediaSway the influence brokers, particularly the

President


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Negotiation / Regulation /Legislation

Negotiate Move toward most acceptable position with industry

Legislation Write / assist in writing any required change in laws

Regulation Write the rules to be implemented and be certain that they are

enforceable


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Enforcement

If all in the industry were to get together and notperform as agreed

Anti-Trust Triple damages! RICOH (anti racketeering)

Further control as a drug Single Player

Fines (large) Imprisonment of executives (unpleasant)


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tobacco policy analysis revisetabaco policyd

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