today: social stratification theories “success means having the courage, the determination, and...
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Today:Social StratificationTheories
“Success means having the courage, the determination, and the will to become the person you believe you were meant to be.” George Sheehan, Philosopher
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Extra Credit Options on Website
• All extra credit due Dec 4th/5th (1 week before finals)• Must be typed and handed in, not e-mailed
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What is social stratification?
• Institutionalized pattern of inequality
• Some people get more access to resources than others
• Reflecting inequalities in life chances
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Conflict PerspectiveKarl Marx:•Ruling class controls the economic system for its own benefit •Exploits and oppresses the masses
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Conflict PerspectiveOccupy Wall Street Protests
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zgr3DiqWYCI
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Causes of PovertyFunctionalist Perspective
• Poverty persists because it performs some positive function
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Causes of PovertyFunctionalist Perspective
Sociologist Kingsley Davis and Wilber Moore (1945) highly criticized view:
•Provides society with people willing to do less desirable jobs•Provides jobs •Provides a market for lesser goods
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Causes of PovertyFunctionalist Perspective
Sociologists Kingsley Davis and Wilber Moore (1945) highly criticized view
• Talents are rewarded• All positions in a society (doctors - janitors)
must be filled• Poverty discourages people
from neglecting their social duties
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Functionalist Perspective
• Criticized because not all careers are rewarded for their value in society
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Causes of PovertyFunctionalist Perspective
Major institutions in society not functioning properly
1. bad economy
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Causes of PovertyFunctionalist Perspective
Major institutions in society not functioning properly
2. bad schools
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Causes of PovertyFunctionalist Perspective
Major institutions in society not functioning properly
3. family breakdown
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Causes of PovertyFunctionalist Perspective
Major institutions in society not functioning properly
4. problems with government assistance
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Causes of PovertySymbolic Interactionist Perspective
Culture of poverty: viewing problematic behaviors (selling drugs, dropping out of school, not having a job) as normal
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Causes of PovertyInteractionist Perspective- 1st view
People get used to living in povertyHave difficulty changing the situation Criticized because it seems to “blame the victim”
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Symbolic Interactionist Perspective 2nd view
Labels of poor: View of wealthy:
•irresponsible•lazy•low motivation•low ability•low morals
•capable•hard working•motivated•deserving of wealth •evil, greedy, undeserving
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How has U.S. policy influenced social stratification?
View: The Way We Live. Ups and Downs of Social Stratification
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The American Dream-Rags to Riches
“America is the land of opportunities, anyone who works hard enough can achieve anything and accomplish any goal.”
Do you agree or disagree with this statement?Why?
5:15-17:30
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The American Dream-Rags to Riches
This belief called Horatio Alger myth: belief that due to limitless possibilities anyone can get ahead if he or she tries hard enough
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What is social class?Max Weber: people who rank closely to one another in terms of:
class/wealth power prestige
1864-1920
Property and income minus debt
Ability to get others to do what you want
Level of respect an individual or their position demands
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Status consistent vs. Status inconsistentRank equally on all = Status Consistent Status inconsistent =not equal on all 3 measures of class
class/wealth power prestige
Property and income minus debt
Ability to get others to do what you want
Level of respect an individual or their position demand
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What is social class?• Karl Marx: a system of “haves” and “have-nots” • based on the means of production • 2 classes: bourgeoisie and proletariat
Lawyer who works for a firm and clients
Independent cab driver who owns his taxi
1818 –1883 *Bourgeois= adjective
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C. Wright MillsPower EliteKey people in three major institutions of modern society:
1916-1962
government military
economy
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Power Elite• Small group of people who control a high amount of wealth and access to decision-making of global consequence
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Capitalism A Love Story
View Capitalism A Love Story Michael Moore
Extra credit option
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Which explanation of poverty applies best to today’s economic crisis?
a. Symbolic Interactionist A: people get accustomed to living in poverty and therefore have difficulty changing the situation
b. Symbolic Interactionist B: people in poverty get labeled as lazy and lose out on opportunities due to the label
c. Structural Functionalist: poverty is a functional in society, it motivates people to seek higher rewards
d. Conflict Theory: The masses are exploited by the few who have money and power
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Extra Credit OpportunityVideo Review
View Mammoth
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Coming up:
Next Class: Health-Read article on website College Students’ Health