tÜv rheinland energie und umwelt gmbh emerson nga …€¦ · 746184_2012_936_21219398a_en.docx...

746184_2012_936_21219398A_EN.docx

TÜV RHEINLAND

ENERGIE UND UMWELT GMBH

www.eco-tuv.com

[email protected]

The department of Environmental Protection of TÜV Rhei nland Energie und Umwelt GmbH is accredited for the following work areas:

- Determination of air quality and emissions of air pollution and odour substances; - Inspection of correct installation, function and calibration of continuously operating emission measuring

instruments, including data evaluation and remote emission monitoring systems; - Performance testing of measuring systems for continuous monitoring of emissions and ambient air, and of

electronic data evaluation and remote emission monitoring systems;

according to EN ISO/IEC 17025.

The accreditation is valid up to 31-01-2013. DAkkS-register number: D-PL-11120-02-00.

Reproduction of extracts from this test report is subject to written consent.

TÜV Rheinland Energie und Umwelt GmbH D - 51105 Cologne, Am Grauen Stein, Tel: +49 221 806 -2756, Fax: +49 221 806-1349

Report on the performance testing of the Emerson NGA 2000 MLT 2 measuring system manufactured by Emerson Process Management GmbH & Co. OHG for the component N2O

TÜV-Report No.: 936/21219398/A Cologne, 11 October 2012

TÜV Rheinland Energie und Umwelt GmbH Air Pollution Control

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Report on the performance testing of the Emerson NGA 2000 MLT 2 measuring system manufactured by Emerson Process

Management GmbH & Co. OHG for the component N2O, Report No.: 936/21219398/A

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Report on the performance testing of the Emerson NGA 2000 MLT 2 measuring system manufactured by Emerson Process Management GmbH & Co. OHG for the component N2O, Report No.: 936/21219398/A

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Overview

Emerson Process Management GmbH & Co. OHG has commissioned TÜV Rheinland

Energie und Umwelt GmbH to carry out a performance test of the Emerson NGA 2000 MLT 2

measuring system for the component N2O in accordance with the guidelines for continuous

emission monitoring [1] and the EN 15267-3 standard [4].

The instrument was designed for measurement of emissions at plants requiring official

approval (especially nitric acid plants).

The Emerson NGA 2000 MLT 2 measuring system operates according to the principle of IR

absorption.

The following measuring ranges were tested:

Component Certification range Supplementary range Unit

N2O 0 - 196 0 - 5880 mg/m³

The minimum requirements of Standard EN 15267-3 [4] were fulfilled during performance

testing. Hence, the measuring system also complies with the requirements QAL1 according

to EN 14181 [6].

TÜV Rheinland Energie und Umwelt GmbH therefore suggests its publication as a suitability-

tested measuring system for continuous monitoring of emissions at plants requiring official

approval.


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Report on the performance testing of the Emerson NGA 2000 MLT 2 measuring system manufactured by Emerson Process Management

GmbH & Co. OHG for the component N2O

Instrument tested:

Emerson NGA 2000 MLT 2

Manufacturer:

Emerson Process Management GmbH & Co. OHG

Test period:

13 March 2012 – 26 September 2012

Date of report:

11 October 2012

Report number:

936/21219398/A

Editor:

Dipl.-Ing. Fritz Hausberg [email protected]

Technical supervisor:

Dr. Peter Wilbring [email protected]

Scope of report: Report: 103 pages

Annex Page 104 ff.

Manual Page 121 ff.

Manual of 420 pages

Total 541 pages


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Contents

1. General ..................................................................................................................... 11 1.1 Certification proposal ................................................................................................ 11 1.2 Summary of test results ............................................................................................ 13 2. Task Definition .......................................................................................................... 19 2.1 Nature of Test ........................................................................................................... 19 2.2 Objective ................................................................................................................... 19 2.3 Determination of the total uncertainty ........................................................................ 19 3. Description of the AMS tested ................................................................................... 20 3.1 Measuring principle ................................................................................................... 20 3.2 AMS scope and set-up .............................................................................................. 20 4. Test program ............................................................................................................ 25 4.1 Laboratory test .......................................................................................................... 25 4.2 Field test ................................................................................................................... 26 5. Standard reference measuring methods ................................................................... 30 5.1 Method of measurement (discontinuous measurement) ............................................ 30 5.2 Determination of waste gas boundary conditions ...................................................... 31 5.3 Test gases and test standards .................................................................................. 31 6. Test results ............................................................................................................... 32 6a General Requirements .............................................................................................. 32 6a.1 [5.1 Application of performance criteria] .................................................................... 32 6a.2 [5.2 Ranges to be tested] .......................................................................................... 33 6a.3 [5.3 Manufacturing consistency and changes to AMS design] ................................... 36 6a.4 [5.4 Qualifications of test laboratories] ...................................................................... 37 6b Performance criteria common to all AMS for laboratory testing ................................. 38 6b.1 [6.1 AMS for testing] ................................................................................................. 38 6b.2 [6.2 CE labelling] ....................................................................................................... 40 6b.3 [6.3 Security] ............................................................................................................. 41 6b.4 [6.4 Output ranges and zero point] ............................................................................ 42 6b.5 [6.5 Additional data outputs] ...................................................................................... 43 6b.6 [6.6 Display of operational status signals] ................................................................. 44 6b.7 [6.7 Prevention or compensation for optical contamination]....................................... 45 6b.8 [6.8 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures] ................................................... 46 6b.9 [6.9 Response time in laboratory test] ....................................................................... 47 6b.10 [6.10 Repeatability standard deviation at zero point] ................................................. 49 6b.11 [6.11 Repeatability standard deviation at span point] ................................................ 51 6b.12 [6.12 Lack of fit in laboratory test] ............................................................................. 52 6b.13 [6.13 Zero and span drift] .......................................................................................... 56 6b.14 [6.14 Influence of ambient temperature] .................................................................... 57 6b.15 [6.15 Influence of sample gas pressure] .................................................................... 59 6b.16 [6.16 Influence of sample gas flow for extractive AMS] ............................................. 60 6b.17 [6.17 Influence of voltage variations] ......................................................................... 62 6b.18 [6.18 Influence of vibration] ....................................................................................... 64 6b.19 [6.19 Cross-sensitivity] .............................................................................................. 65 6b.20 [6.20 Excursion of measurement beam of cross-stack in-situ AMS] .......................... 68 6b.21 [6.21 Converter efficiency for NOX measuring AMS].................................................. 69 6b.22 [6.22 Response factors] ............................................................................................ 70


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6c Performance criteria common to all AMS for field testing .......................................... 71 6c.1 [7.1 Calibration function] ........................................................................................... 71 6c.2 [7.2 Response time during field test] ......................................................................... 81 6c.3 [7.3 Lack of fit during the field test] ............................................................................ 83 6c.4 [7.4 Maintenance interval] ......................................................................................... 90 6c.5 [7.5 Zero and span drift] ............................................................................................ 91 6c.6 [7.6 Availability] ......................................................................................................... 94 6c.7 [7.7 Reproducibility] .................................................................................................. 96 6c.8 [7.8 Contamination check of in-situ systems] ............................................................ 99 6d Measurement uncertainty ........................................................................................ 100 6d.1 [14 Measurement uncertainty] ................................................................................. 100 7. Maintenance work, functional test (AST) and calibration (QAL2) ............................. 102 7.1 Tasks to be performed during maintenance interval ................................................ 102 7.2 Functional check and calibration ............................................................................. 102 8. Literature ................................................................................................................. 103 9. Annex ..................................................................................................................... 104 10. Manual .................................................................................................................... 121



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List of Tables Table 1: Tested components and their certification ranges during laboratory test ..........25 Table 2: Supplementary measuring range to be tested with reduced program ...............25 Table 3: Set certification ranges during the field test ......................................................26 Table 4: Response times during laboratory test .............................................................48 Table 5: Response times during laboratory test (supplementary range).........................48 Table 6: Repeatability standard deviation at zero point ..................................................50 Table 7: Repeatability standard deviation at span point .................................................51 Table 8: Lack of fit test, certification range 0 – 196 mg/m³ .............................................53 Table 9: Lack of fit test, supplementary range 0 – 588 mg/m³ ........................................54 Table 10: Temperature test .............................................................................................58 Table 11: Influence of sample gas flow rate .....................................................................61 Table 12: Influence of the voltage variations ....................................................................63 Table 13: Concentrations of interference components .....................................................65 Table 14: Cross-sensitivities, system 1 ............................................................................66 Table 15: Cross-sensitivities, system 2 ............................................................................67 Table 16: Parameter of the 1st calibration of system 1 .....................................................72 Table 17: Parameter of the 1st calibration of system 2 .....................................................73 Table 18: Parameter of the 2nd calibration of system 1 .....................................................75 Table 19: Parameter of the 2nd calibration of system 2 .....................................................76 Table 20: Variability test of system 1 ...............................................................................78 Table 21: Variability test of system 2 ...............................................................................79 Table 22: Response times at the beginning of the field test (0 – 196 mg/m³) ...................81 Table 23: Response times at the beginning of the field test (0 – 588 mg/m³) ...................82 Table 24: Response times at the end of the field test (0 – 196 mg/m³) ............................82 Table 25: Response times at the end of the field test (0 – 588 mg/m³) ............................82 Table 26: Lack of fit test at the beginning of the field test (0 – 196 mg/m³) .......................84 Table 27: Lack of fit test at the beginning of the field test (0 – 588 mg/m³) .......................85 Table 28: Lack of fit test at the end of the field test (0 – 196 mg/m³) ................................87 Table 29: Lack of fit test at the end of the field test (0 – 588 mg/m³) ................................88 Table 30: Results of the drift check for the certification range (0 – 196 mg/m³) ................92 Table 31: Results of the drift check for the measuring range (0 – 588 mg/m³) .................93 Table 32: Presentation of the availability .........................................................................95 Table 33: Reproducibility .................................................................................................97 Table 34: Relative total expanded measurement uncertainty for all components ........... 101 Table 35: Data of repeatability standard deviation at zero point ..................................... 107 Table 36: Data of repeatability standard deviation at span point .................................... 108 Table 37: Data of linearity test for system 1 ................................................................... 109 Table 38: Data of linearity test for system 2 ................................................................... 109 Table 39: Data of linearity test for system 1 (supplementary range)............................... 110 Table 40: Data of linearity test for system 2 (supplementary range)............................... 110 Table 41: Data of temperature test ................................................................................ 111 Table 42: Data of test on influence of sample gas flow .................................................. 112 Table 43: Data of test on influence of voltage supply ..................................................... 112 Table 44: Data of cross-sensitivity test for system 1 ...................................................... 113 Table 45: Data of cross-sensitivity test for system 2 ...................................................... 114 Table 46: Calibration data for N2O ................................................................................. 115 Table 47: Data of linearity test at the beginning of the field test (0 - 196 mg/m³) ............ 116 Table 48: Data of linearity test at the beginning of the field test (0 - 588 mg/m³) ............ 117 Table 49: Data of linearity test at the end of the field test (0 - 196 mg/m³) ..................... 118 Table 50: Data of linearity test at the end of the field test (0 - 588 mg/m³) ..................... 119 Table 51: Calculation of total uncertainty ....................................................................... 120


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List of Figures Figure 1: Emerson NGA 2000 MLT 2 ..............................................................................21 Figure 2: Display of the MLT 2 measuring system showing its software version .............22 Figure 3: Mounting plate set-up ......................................................................................23 Figure 4: Installation during laboratory test .....................................................................24 Figure 5: View of the measurement site with heated pressure regulators........................27 Figure 6: System 2 in measurement container ................................................................28 Figure 7: Inner view of the heated pressure regulator in the field ....................................29 Figure 8: Diagram illustrating the response time .............................................................47 Figure 9: Linearity of system 1, 0 – 196 mg/m³ ...............................................................53 Figure 10: Linearity of system 2, 0 – 196 mg/m³ ...............................................................54 Figure 11: Linearity of system 1, 0 – 588 mg/m³ ...............................................................55 Figure 12: Linearity of system 2, 0 – 588 mg/m³ ...............................................................55 Figure 13: Presentation of the results of the 1st parallel measurement, system 1 ..............74 Figure 14: Presentation of the results of the 1st parallel measurement, system 2 ..............74 Figure 15: Presentation of the results of the 2nd parallel measurement, system 1 .............77 Figure 16: Presentation of the results of the 2nd parallel measurement, system 2 .............77 Figure 17: Presentation of the results of both parallel measurements, system 1 ...............80 Figure 18: Presentation of the results of both parallel measurements, system 2 ...............80 Figure 19: Linearity of system 1 at the beginning of the field test (0 – 196 mg/m³) ............84 Figure 20: Linearity of system 2 at the beginning of the field test (0 – 196 mg/m³) ............85 Figure 21: Linearity of system 1 at the beginning of the field test (0 – 588 mg/m³) ............86 Figure 22: Linearity of system 2 at the beginning of the field test (0 – 588 mg/m³) ............86 Figure 23: Linearity of system 1 at the end of the field test (0 – 196 mg/m³) .....................87 Figure 24: Linearity of system 2 at the end of the field test (0 – 196 mg/m³) .....................88 Figure 25: Linearity of system 1 at the end of the field test (0 – 588 mg/m³) .....................89 Figure 26: Linearity of system 2 at the end of the field test (0 – 588 mg/m³) .....................89 Figure 27: Graphic representation of the reproducibility ....................................................98 Figure 28: Certificate of accreditation according to EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 .................. 104 Figure 29: Test certificate on CE labelling ....................................................................... 106



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1. General

1.1 Certification proposal

Due to the positive results achieved, the following recommendation is put forward for the notification of the AMS as a suitability-tested measuring system:

AMS designation: Emerson NGA 2000 MLT 2 for N2O Manufacturer: Emerson Process Management GmbH & Co. OHG, Field of application: Measurement at plants requiring official approval Measuring ranges during performance testing:

Component Certification range

Supplementary range Unit

N2O 0 - 196 0 - 5880 mg/m3

Software version: 3.9.4 Restrictions:

1. The measuring system shall only be employed at plants in which waste gas humidity does not exceed 3 Vol.-%.

2. The measuring system shall only be employed at plants in which the CO2 concentration does not exceed 10 Vol.-%.

Notes:

1. The maintenance interval is four weeks. Test report: TÜV Rheinland Energie und Umwelt GmbH, Cologne Report no.: 936/21219398/A of 11 October 2012



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1.2 Summary of test results

Performance criterion Result Status Page

Legend: Minimum requirement fulfilled

Minimum requirement not fulfilled

Minimum requirement not applicable

+ − x

General requirements:

5.1 Application of performance criteria

The test laboratory shall test at least two identical automated measuring systems (AMS). All AMS tested shall meet the performance criteria specified in this document as well as the uncertainty requirements specified in the applicable regulations.

Two measuring systems of identical design were tested for suitability. The measuring systems fulfil the minimum requirements for monitoring emissions from stationary sources and the requested uncertainty.

+ 32

5.2 Ranges to be tested

The certification range over which the AMS is to be tested shall comprise minimum and maximum values. The coverage shall be fit for the intended application of the AMS.

The certification range(s) and the performance criteria tested for each range shall be stated on the certificate.

The certification range for optical in-situ AMS with variable optical length shall be defined in units of the measured component concentration multiplied by the length of the optical path.

The certification range is 0 – 196 mg/m3. There are no specified emission limit values for N2O.

One supplementary measuring range was defined for N2O and some additional tests were carried out to validate that range. A list of additionally admitted cross-sensitivity components and the results of the additional tests can be found in the respective sub-items of sections 6b and 6c.

The lower limit of the certification range is zero for all tested components.

The measuring system tested is not an in-situ AMS with variable optical path length.

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5.3 Manufacturing consistency and changes to AMS design

Certification is specific to the AMS version that has undergone suitability testing. Subsequent design modifications that might affect the performance of the AMS can invalidate the certification.

All tests were performed with the measuring systems described in section 3. The test results in this report and on the associated certificate refer to measuring systems that comply with the tested versions only. The manufacturer has been informed that any modification to the certified system has to be agreed upon with the test institute and that this may lead to additional or new tests of the measuring system.

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5.4 Qualificat ions of test laboratories

Test laboratories shall be accredited to EN ISO/IEC 17025 and the appropriate test standards for carrying out the tests defined in this European Standard. Test laboratories shall have knowledge on the uncertainties attributed to the individual test procedures applied during performance testing.

TÜV Rheinland Energie und Umwelt GmbH is accredited for performance testing (QAL1), functional tests (AST), calibrations (QAL2), and emission measurements according to EN ISO/IEC 17025 until 31-01-2013.

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Laboratory test:

6.1 AMS for testing

The test shall be carried out with two complete measuring systems of identical design.

The suitability-tested version comprises the entire measuring system including sampling system, analysers, data output, and manual.

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6.2 CE labelling

AMS manufacturers shall supply verifiable and traceable evidence of compliance with the requirements applicable to the equipment.

The certificate of CE labelling was presented to the test institute.

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6.3 Security

The AMS shall have a means of protection against unauthorised access to control functions.

The AMS is protected by password against unauthorised access to control functions.

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6.4 Output ranges and zero point

The AMS shall have a data output with a living zero point so that both negative and positive readings can be displayed.

The AMS shall have a display that shows the measurement response.

The output range can be set on the measuring system. At 4 mA, zero point amounts to 20% of the analogue system output. The AMS can also display negative values. All relevant limit values can be monitored. The additional check of higher measuring ranges for component N2O also ensures monitoring at higher emission concentrations.

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6.5 Additional data outputs

The AMS shall have a data output allowing an additional data display and recording device to be fitted to the AMS.

An additional signal output is available. The different signal outputs of the AMS display identical values.

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6.6 Display of operational status signals

The AMS shall have a means of displaying its operational status. The AMS shall also have a means of communicating the operational status to a data handling and acquisition system.

The status messages were output correctly. + 44

6.7 Prevention or compensation for optical contamination

An AMS that uses an optical method as the measuring principle shall have provisions for either prevention of contamination of the optical system and/or compensation for its effects.

In-built filter elements prevent contamination of the optical surfaces.

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6.8 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures

Instruments limited to be mounted in ventilated rooms or cabinets, where any kind of precipitation cannot reach the instrument, shall meet at least IP40 as specified in EN 60529.

Instruments limited to being mounted in areas where some kind of shelter against precipitation is in place, but where precipitation can reach the instrument due to wind, shall meet at least IP54 as specified in EN 60529.

Instruments that are designed to be used in the open air and without any weather protection shall at least meet the requirements of IP65 as specified in EN 60529.

The system is in compliance with degree of protection IP65.

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6.9 Response time in laboratory test

The AMS shall meet the performance criteria for response time:

Gases ≤ 200 s, O2 ≤ 200 s, NH3, HCl and HF ≤ 400 s.

Response times of 40 s were obtained from the test with dry test gas.

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6.10 Repeatability standard deviation at zero point

The AMS shall meet the performance criteria for repeatability standard deviation at the zero point:

Gases ≤ 2.0 %, O2 ≤ 0.2 Vol.-%.

The maximum repeatability standard deviation at zero point was 0.1 % of the certification range for component N2O.

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6.11 Repeatability standard deviation at span point

The AMS shall meet the performance criteria for repeatability standard deviation at the span point:

Gases ≤ 2.0 %, O2 ≤ 0.2 Vol.-%.

The maximum repeatability standard deviation at span point was 0.1 % of the certification range for component N2O.

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6.12 Lack of fit in laboratory test

The AMS shall have a linear output and shall meet the performance criteria for lack of fit:

Gases ≤ 2.0 %, O2 ≤ 0.2 Vol.-%.

The relative residuals do not exceed 0.26 % of the certification range.

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6.13 Zero and span drift

The manufacturer shall provide a description of the technique used by the AMS to determine and compensate the zero and span drift.

The test laboratory shall assess that the chosen reference material is capable of monitoring any relevant change in instrument response not caused by changes in the measured component or stack gas condition.

The AMS shall allow recording the zero and span drift.

If the AMS has a means of automatic compensation for contamination and calibration and re-adjustment for zero and span drift, and such adjustments are not capable of bringing the AMS within normal operational conditions, then the AMS shall set a status signal.

The AMS allows for recording zero and span drifting and thus fulfils the requirements of QAL3 according to EN 14181.

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6.14 Influence of ambient temperature

The deviations of the AMS readings at the zero and span points shall not exceed the performance criteria for influence of ambient temperature:

Gases ≤ 5.0 %, O2 ≤ 0.5 Vol.-%.

This is applicable for the following test ranges of the ambient temperature:

• from -20 °C to +50 °C for assemblies installed outdoors;

• from +5 °C to +40 °C for assemblies installed indoors.

The manufacturer submitting an AMS for testing may specify wider ambient temperature ranges to those above.

The maximum deviation for the temperature range +5 – +40 °C amounts to -2.2 % of the upper limit of the certification range. The maximum sensitivity coefficient is 0.187.

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6.15 Influence of sample gas pressure

The deviations of the AMS reading at the span point shall not exceed the following performance criterion when the sample gas pressure changes by 3kPa above and below atmospheric pressure:

Gases ≤ 2.0 %, O2 ≤ 0.2 Vol.-%.

Since the Emerson NGA 2000 MLT 2 measuring system is an extractive AMS, this performance criterion is not relevant.

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6.16 Influence of sampl e gas flow for extractive AMS

The deviations of the AMS reading at the zero point and span point shall not exceed the following performance criterion, when the sample gas flow is changed in accordance with the manufacturer’s specification:

Gases ≤ 2.0 %, O2 ≤ 0.2 Vol.-%.

A status signal for the lower limit of the sample gas flow shall be provided.

The maximum deviation of the measured signals amounts to 0.3 %. The AMS produces a status signal when the flow rate drops below the specified lowest flow rate.

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6.17 Influence of voltage variations

The deviations of the AMS reading at the zero and span points shall not exceed the following performance criterion when the voltage supply to the AMS varies from -15 % from the nominal value below to +10 % from the nominal value above the nominal value of the supply voltage:

Gases ≤ 2.0 %, O2 ≤ 0.2 Vol.-%.

The AMS shall be capable of operating at a voltage that meets the requirements of EN 50160.

The maximum deviation is 0.4 % at zero and 0.2 % at the span point. The maximum sensitivity coefficient is -0.025 at zero and -0.012 at the span point.

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6.18 Influence of vibration

The deviations of the AMS readings at the zero and span points caused by vibrations typically expected at an industrial plant shall not exceed the following performance criteria:

Gases ≤ 2.0 %, O2 ≤ 0.2 Vol.-%.

The Emerson NGA 2000 MLT 2 measuring system is an extractive AMS. Testing the influence of vibration is not required for this type of instruments.

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6.19 Cross -sensitivity

The manufacturer shall describe any known sources of interference. Tests for non-gaseous interference sources, or gases other than those listed in Annex B, shall be agreed with the test laboratory.

The AMS shall meet the performance criteria at the zero and span point for cross-sensitivity:

Gases ≤ 4.0 %, O2 ≤ 0.4 Vol.-%.

The highest deviation is 3.41 % at zero and 2.85 % at the span point. With interferents H2O and CO2, a concentration of 3 Vol.-% and 10 Vol.-% was used respectively.

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6.20 Excursion of measurement beam of cross-stack in-situ AMS

In the event of an excursion of the measurement beam within an AMS, the deviation of the AMS reading shall not exceed the performance criterion for the maximum allowable deviation angle specified by the manufacturer:

Gases ≤ 2.0 %.

This angle shall not be smaller than 0.3°.

The Emerson NGA 2000 MLT 2 measuring system is an extractive AMS.

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6.21 Converter efficiency for NO X measuring AMS

Manufacturers shall specify, when seeking certification for AMS for measuring NOX, whether certification is required for the measurement of nitrogen monoxide (NO) and/or nitrogen dioxide (NO2). If a converter is used, the converter shall meet the performance criteria for the converter efficiency: ≥ 95.0 %

The Emerson NGA 2000 MLT 2 measuring system does not measure NOX.

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6.22 Response factors

The response factors for TOC measuring AMS shall lie within the permissible ranges (see test item).

The Emerson NGA 2000 MLT 2 measuring system does not measure total carbon.

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Field test:

7.1 Calibration function

The calibration function shall be determined by parallel measurements carried out using a SRM. The calibration function shall have a determination coefficient R² of the regression of at least 0.90. The variability attached to the calibration function and determined in accordance with EN 14181 shall meet the maximum permissible uncertainty specified by the applicable regulations.

The determination coefficient R² of the calibration function lies between 0.9382 and 0.9645. The AMS passed the variability test.

+ 71

7.2 Response time during field test

The AMS shall meet the performance criterion for the response time evaluated during the laboratory tests.

A response time of maximum 25 s was determined for the measuring system during the field test.

+ 81

7.3 Lack of fit during the field test

The AMS shall meet the performance criterion for lack of fit evaluated during the laboratory tests.

The relative residuals do not exceed 0.66 % of the certification range (0 – 196 mg/m³). For the supplementary range 0 – 588 mg/m³, they have a maximum value of 1.31 %.

+ 83

7.4 Maintenance interval

The minimum maintenance interval of the AMS shall meet the following performance criterion: min. 8 days.

A four-week period was specified as maintenance interval.

+ 90

7.5 Zero and span drift

The zero and span drift within the maintenance interval shall not exceed the specified performance criteria:

Gases ≤ 3.0 %, O2 ≤ 0.2 Vol.-%.

The span materials applied during testing shall produce an AMS response between 70 % and 90 % of the upper limit of the certification range.

The zero drift lay below 0.4 % of the certification range over the entire period. The span point drift was below 1.9 % of the certification range.

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7.6 Availability

The AMS shall have an availability which meets the requirements of applicable regulations and in any case, the following performance criterion during the field test

Gases ≥ 95 %, O2 ≥ 98 %.

The availability is 99.5 %. + 94

7.7 Reproducibility

AMS shall meet the performance criterion for reproducibility under field conditions:

Gases ≤ 3.3 %, O2 ≤ 0.2 Vol.-%.

The determined reproducibility is 0.7 %. This is equivalent to a RD-value of 139 (according to VDI 4203).

+ 96

7.8 Contamination check of in -situ systems

The response of the AMS to soiling shall be determined in the field test by means of visual checks and, for example, by determining the deviations from the nominal values of the AMS output signal.

If required, the AMS shall be provided with recommended air purging systems for three months as part of the field test. At the end of the test, the effect of the contamination shall be evaluated. The results with clean and soiled optical surfaces shall differ by no more than 2% of the upper limit of the certification range.


+ 99

Measurement uncertainty:

14 Measurement uncertainty

The values of the uncertainties determined during the field and laboratory test shall be used to determine the combined standard uncertainty of the AMS measured values according to EN ISO 14956.

The determined total expanded uncertainty of all components lies below the maximum permissible values, and therefore fulfils the requirements.

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2. Task Definition

2.1 Nature of Test

Emerson Process Management GmbH & Co. OHG has commissioned TÜV Rheinland Energie und Umwelt GmbH to carry out performance testing of the Emerson NGA 2000 MLT 2 measuring system in accordance with the guidelines for continuous emission measurement.

2.2 Objective

The application for the requested certification corresponds to measurements at plants requiring official approval.

Performance testing of the measuring system was carried out applying the German and European directives regarding minimum requirements for testing and approving emission measurement systems. These include in particular:

[1] Uniform Practice in monitoring emissions of the Federal Republic of Germany, provisions on: - Suitability testing of measuring and evaluation systems for continuous emission

measurements, and the continuous acquisition of reference or operational values and for the continuous monitoring of emissions of special substances.

Circular from the Federal Environment Ministry (BMU) of June 13, 2005 – IG I 2-45053/5, last amended by BMU circular of August 4, 2010 - IG I 2-51 134/0.

[2] Standard EN 15267-01:2009 Air quality – Certification of automated measuring systems Part 1: General principles

[3] Standard EN 15267-02:2009 Air quality – Certification of automated measuring systems Part 2: Initial assessment of the AMS manufacturer’s quality management system and post certification surveillance for the manufacturing process

[4] Standard EN 15267-03: 2007 Air quality – Certification of automated measuring systems Part 3: Performance criteria and test procedures for automated measuring systems for monitoring emissions from stationary sources.

[5] Guideline VDI 4203 Part 1, October 2001 Testing of automated measuring systems – General concepts

[6] Standard EN 14181, July 2004 Stationary source emissions – Quality assurance of automated measuring systems

2.3 Determination of the total uncertainty

The total expanded uncertainty was determined by means of the data obtained during the laboratory and field tests. See test item “6d Measurement uncertainty”.


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3. Description of the AMS tested

3.1 Measuring principle

The AMS tested is an IR spectrometer designed for the determination of N2O. It measures the absorption of infrared radiation by the sample gas. The radiation intensities coming from the measuring and reference side of the analysis cell produce periodically changing signals within the detector. The detector signal amplitude thus alternates between concentration-dependent and concentration-independent values. The various signals are produced within a filter cell with dividing wall. A chopper wheel conducts the IR radiation generated by a heating coil alternately to the measurement side and to the reference side of the analysis cell. The difference between the two signals is a reliable measure of the concentration of the component. Behind the analysis cell, the radiation passes a second filter cell and arrives at a pneumatic detector, which captures de IR radiation intensities from the measurement and reference sides and converts them with help of a pre-amplifier into an AC voltage signal proportional to the intensity. The detector consists of a gas-filled absorption chamber and a compensation chamber, both of which are connected by a flow channel. The detector is filled with N2O. For this reason it is only sensitive to this particular component.

When the IR radiation passes through the measurement side of the analysis cell into the detector, a part of it is absorbed. The gas in the detector cools down, it becomes constricted and part of it passes through the flow channel into the absorption chamber.

When the IR radiation passes through the reference side of the analysis cell into the detector, no pre-absorption occurs. The gas in the detector heats up, expands and part of it passes through the flow channel into the compensation chamber.

The flow channel geometry is designed in such a way that it hardly impedes the gas flow by restriction. The different radiation intensities lead to a periodical repetition of flow pulses within the detector.

The microflow sensor measures this flow and converts it into electrical voltages. Downstream electronics evaluate the signals and convert them into the corresponding display format.

3.2 AMS scope and set-up

The waste gas is sampled through a stainless steel probe and carried through a heated waste gas line to a heated pressure regulator (overpressure operation). A second heated stainless steel gas line leads the gas to a mounting plate, from which it is led by means of a pump (no-pressure operation) and a vortex cooler into the analyser.

The process by which the AMS is operated can either use overpressure or no pressure at all. If the overpressure process is used, the upstream pressure is adjusted on the pressure regulator and the gas is carried through a pump bypass. If no pressure is used, the pressure in the heated pressure regulator is relieved and the gas is drawn by the pump.

In addition, the mounting plate has connections for feeding zero and span gas. It is possible to carry out automatic zero and span point calibrations. The gas lines, pumps and valves on the mounting plate are not heated.



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Figure 1: Emerson NGA 2000 MLT 2


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Figure 2: Display of the MLT 2 measuring system showing its software version



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Figure 3: Mounting plate set-up


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Figure 4: Installation during laboratory test



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4. Test program

4.1 Laboratory test

The laboratory test was carried out with two complete and identical devices of the type Emerson NGA 2000 MLT 2 with the serial numbers:

S/N 1: 3601203135496 and S/N 2: 3601203136462

In conformity with the applicable standards, the following performance criteria were tested in the laboratory:

• AMS for testing • CE labelling • Security • Output ranges and zero point • Additional data outputs • Display of operational status signals • Prevention or compensation for optical contamination • Degrees of protection provided by enclosures • Response time • Repeatability standard deviation at zero point • Repeatability standard deviation at the span point • Lack of fit • Zero and span drift • Influence of ambient temperature • Influence of sample gas flow for extractive AMS • Influence of voltage variations • Cross-sensitivity

The following tables show the measured components and their certification ranges, for which this or a reduced test program was carried out.

Table 1: Tested components and their certification ranges during laboratory test

Component Certification range Unit

N2O 0 - 196 mg/m3

Table 2: Supplementary measuring range to be tested with reduced program

Component Measuring range Unit

N2O 0 - 5880 mg/m3


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4.2 Field test

The field test was carried out in the exhaust gas of a nitric acid plant, with two complete and identical measuring systems of the type Emerson NGA 2000 MLT 2 with serial numbers S/N1: 3601203135496 and S/N2: 3601203136462 (same instruments as in the laboratory).

Type of plant: Nitric acid plant

Exhaust gas cleaning system (before the measuring point):

Catalytic converter

Measuring devices installed in the following positions:

The measuring systems were installed in a horizontal exhaust duct. Inflow section is > 3 d, outflow section is 1.5 d. The duct has a round cross-section with a diameter of approx. 1 m. The measurement sections are lined up at a distance of approx. 1 m from each other in the exhaust duct.

Exhaust gas boundary conditions: Moisture: Temperature: Dust concentration: CO2:

0.05 Vol.-% approx. 100 °C < 20 mg/m³ 0.05 Vol.-%

The plant was selected because it conforms to a typical nitric acid plant.

The field test started on 6 June 2012 and ended on 26 September 2012. The following performance criteria were tested in the field:

• Functional test • Calibration function • Response time • Lack of fit • Maintenance interval • Zero and span drift • Availability • Reproducibility

During the test, the instruments were set to the following specifications:

Table 3: Set certification ranges during the field test

Component Certification range Unit

N2O 0 - 588 mg/m3

Since the values recorded at the field test site lay permanently in a range >200 mg/m3, a measuring range of 0 – 588 mg/m3 was set for the field test. For this reason, the tests of response time and linearity were carried out both for the ranges 0 – 196 mg/m3 and 0 – 588 mg/m3.



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Figure 5: View of the measurement site with heated pressure regulators


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Figure 6: System 2 in measurement container



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Figure 7: Inner view of the heated pressure regulator in the field


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5. Standard reference measuring methods

5.1 Method of measurement (discontinuous measuremen t)

N2O

Measurement method: VDI 2469 Part 1

Analysis: C-determination with ECD / VDI 2469 Part 1

Sampling equipment

Sampling probe: Titanium

Particle filter: N/A

Gas volume measuring instrument: DESAGA GS 312

Gas collection container: Sample bags, 22l

Sample line before gas treatment: 30 m, PTFE

Distance between sampling probe and collection element:

1 m + sample gas line

Sample gas treatment: Drying with MgCl2 in absorption bottles

Time between analysis and sample: < 7 days

Transport and storage: Tightly sealed and protected from light

Analytical determination

Analytical instruments: SRI 8610C gas chromatograph with electron capture detector

Columns: Packed column, Hayesep D, 15 cm, Ø 0.32 mm

Carrier gas / Feeding: Nitrogen / Sample loop, 1 ml

Temperature of detector 380 °C

Temperature-time program: Isothermal 50 °C

Evaluation: Area analysis with external standard

Standard: N2O test gas 66.9 mg/m³, 6 concentrations diluted with nitrogen by a Horiba sample divider (5 fixed steps) with accuracy class 0.5

Performance characteristics

Influence of accompanying substances: None, when separating SO2 and moisture completely

Detection limit: 0.5 mg/m³

Measures for quality assurance: Leak check, determination of overall blank sample, blank values



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5.2 Determination of waste gas boundary conditions

Dynamic pressure in the waste gas duct: SIKA GMH 3180-01

Static pressure in the waste gas duct: SIKA GMH 3180-01

Air pressure at the sampling point: LUFFT portable measuring instrument

Last check / calibration: July 2012

Waste gas temperature: Ni-Cr-Ni thermocouple

Temperature measuring device Model / type:

Voltkraft K101

Proportion of water vapour in the waste gas (waste gas moisture):

Waste gas density:

The evaluation of present waste gas boundary conditions was necessary to determine a representative measuring point for comparison measurements in accordance with Standard EN 15259.

5.3 Test gases and test standards

Test gases used to adjust the analyser during the t est (tested systems and TÜV-measuring systems):

(The test gases mentioned below were used during the entire test and, if necessary, diluted with the help of a sample divider or a mass flow control station.)

Zero gas: Compressed air

Test gas N 2O in N 2: 498 mg/m³

Number of test gas cylinder: 15547

Manufacturer / date of manufacture: Praxair, 9 May 2012

Stability guarantee / certified: 5 years

Certificate checked by [name] / on [date]: TÜV Rheinland, 5 June 2012

Rel. uncertainty according to certificate: 2 %

Test gas N 2O in N 2: 10244 mg/m³

Number of test gas cylinder: 15197

Manufacturer / date of manufacture: Air Liquide, 10 December 2010

Stability guarantee / certified: 1 year

Certificate checked by [name] / on [date]: TÜV Rheinland, 3 February 2012

Rel. uncertainty according to certificate: 2 %

All materials and measuring systems used for the tests complied with the TEU quality management according to EN 17025 at the time of testing.


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6. Test results

6a General Requirements

6a.1 [5.1 Application of performance criteria]

The test laboratory shall test at least two identical automated measuring systems (AMS). All AMS tested shall meet the performance criteria specified in this document as well as the uncertainty requirements specified in the applicable regulations.

Evaluation

Two measuring systems of identical design were tested for suitability. The measuring systems fulfil the minimum requirements for monitoring emissions from stationary sources and the requested uncertainty. Sections 6a, 6b and 6c describe the tests and the results. Section 6d describes the results regarding the required measurement uncertainty.



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6a.2 [5.2 Ranges to be tested]

5.2.1 Certification range The certification range over which the AMS is to be tested shall comprise minimum and maximum values. The coverage shall be fit for the intended application of the AMS. The certification range shall be specified as follows:

a) for waste incinerators as the range usually begins from zero, if the AMS is

able to measure zero, and a value no greater than 1,5 times the daily average emissions limit value (ELV);

b) for large combustion plants as the range usually begins from zero, if the AMS is able to measure zero, and a value no greater than 2,5 times the daily average emissions limit value (ELV).

c) for other plants in relation to the corresponding emission limit value or any other requirement related to the intended application.

The AMS shall be able to measure instantaneous values in a range that is at least 2 times the upper limit of the certification range in order to measure the half-hour values. If it is necessary to use more than one range setting of the AMS to achieve this requirement, these supplementary ranges will require additional testing (see 5.2.2). The certification range(s) and the performance criteria tested for each range shall be stated on the certificate. The test laboratory should choose for the field test an industrial plant with challenging measuring conditions. This means that the AMS can also be used under less demanding measuring conditions.

Evaluation

The certification range is 0 – 196 mg/m3. There are no specified emission limit values for N2O. The certification ranges and minimum requirements tested for each range are stated on the certificate.

Section 4.2 contains a detailed description of the field test site.


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5.2.2 Supplementary ranges If a manufacturer wishes to demonstrate performance over one or more supplementary ranges larger than the certification range, some limited additional testing is required over all the supplementary ranges. This additional testing shall at least include evaluations of the response time and lack of fit. Cross-sensitivity has to be tested for interferents that have shown relevance during testing in the certification range. The concentration of the relevant interferents shall be proportionally higher than the values specified in Table 13, where the proportionality factor is given by the ratio of the considered supplementary range to the certification range. Supplementary ranges and the performance criteria tested for these ranges shall be stated on the certificate.

Evaluation

One supplementary measuring range was defined for N2O and some additional tests were carried out to validate that range. A list of additionally admitted cross-sensitivity components and the results of the additional tests can be found in the respective sub-items of sections 6b and 6c. All additionally tested ranges are included in the certificate.

5.2.3 Lower limit of ranges The lower limit of the certification range is usually zero.

Evaluation

The lower limit of the certification range is zero for all tested components.



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5.2.4 Expression of performance criteria with respect to ranges The performance criteria are expressed in terms of a percentage of the upper limit of the certification range for each measured component except for oxygen where the performance criteria are expressed as volume concentrations. A performance criterion with respect to ranges is a value that corresponds to the largest deviation allowed for each test, regardless of the sign of the deviation determined in the test.

Evaluation

The deviations are expressed in terms of percentage of the upper limit of the certification range for all tests. The deviations for oxygen are expressed in terms of volume concentration.

5.2.5 Ranges of optical in-situ AMS with variable optical length The certification range for optical in-situ AMS with variable optical length shall be defined in units of the measured component concentration multiplied by the length of the optical path. The path length used for testing shall be stated on the certificate.

Evaluation

The measuring system tested is not an in-situ AMS with variable optical path length.


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6a.3 [5.3 Manufacturing consistency and changes to AMS design]

Certification is specific to the AMS version that has undergone performance testing. Subsequent design modifications that might affect the performance of the AMS can invalidate the certification. Manufacturing consistency and changes to AMS design are described in EN 15267-2

Evaluation

All tests were performed with the measuring systems described in section 3. The test results in this report and on the associated certificate refer to measuring systems that comply with the tested versions only. The manufacturer has been informed that any modification to the certified system has to be agreed upon with the test institute and that this may lead to additional or new tests of the measuring system. No guarantee shall be provided for the continued validity of the certification if the equipment configuration for hardware and/or software is modified.



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6a.4 [5.4 Qualifications of test laboratories]

Test laboratories shall be accredited to EN ISO/IEC 17025 and the appropriate test standards for carrying out the tests defined in this European Standard. Test laboratories shall have knowledge on the uncertainties attributed to the individual test procedures applied during performance testing. CEN/TS 15675 provides an elaboration of EN ISO/IEC 17025 for application to emission measurements which should be followed when using specified standard reference methods in Annex A of Standard EN 15267-3.

Evaluation

TÜV Rheinland Energie und Umwelt GmbH is accredited for performance testing (QAL1), functional tests (AST), calibrations (QAL2), and emission measurements according to EN ISO/IEC 17025 until 31-01-2013. Figure 28 in the annex shows the Certificate of Accreditation.


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6b Performance criteria common to all AMS for labor atory testing

6b.1 [6.1 AMS for testing]

All AMS submitted for testing shall be complete. These specifications do not apply to the individual parts of an AMS. The test report shall be issued for a specified AMS with all its parts listed. An AMS that uses extractive sampling systems shall have appropriate provisions for filtering solids, avoiding chemical reactions within the sampling system, entrainment effects and effective control of water condensate. Measuring systems with different options for the sampling line length shall be tested with an appropriate sampling line length agreed between the test laboratory and the manufacturer. The length shall be quoted in the test report. The test laboratory shall describe in the test report the type of sampling system.

Equipment

The test was performed with two complete and identical measuring systems of the Emerson NGA 2000 MLT 2 type. The length of the sampling lines was 29 m. Section 3.2 describes the sampling system in detail. Software version 3.9.4 is implemented in the measuring device.

Method

It was checked whether the two AMS and the manual were complete.

Pictures of both systems were taken before and during the test.

Evaluation

Both systems were identical and comprised the extractive sampling system and analyser module, including data output. An instruction manual is available.

Assessment

The suitability-tested version comprises the entire measuring system including sampling system, analysers, data output, and manual. This complies with the minimum requirements.



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Detailed presentation of test results

The AMS tested comprises the following parts:

- Sampling probe (stainless steel), lockable

- Pressure regulator in heated enclosure, including 1 m long heated hose to the sampling probe

- 29 m long heated hose to the analyser

- Mounting plate (unheated), assembled on top are:

- NGA 2000 MLT 2 analyser

- Pump

- Cooler

- Complete pipework (including magnetic valves) for connection of zero and calibration gas lines, etc.

Images of the system are presented in section 3.2.

A copy of the manual is available in the annex (page 121 ff.).


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6b.2 [6.2 CE labelling]

The AMS shall comply with the requirements for CE labelling specified in applicable EU Directives. These include, for example:

• Electro-Magnetic Compatibility Directive 89/336/EEC and its amendments 92/31/EEC and 93/68/EEC, and

• Low-Voltage Directive 72/23/EEC and its amendment 93/68/EEC covering electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits.

AMS manufacturers or suppliers shall supply verifiable and traceable evidence of compliance with the requirements of the relevant EU Directives applicable to the equipment.

Equipment

No equipment is necessary to test this performance criterion.

Method

The manufacturer presented the certificates and the supporting test documentation.

Evaluation

The following documents were presented to the test institute:

CE certificate

Certificate of electromagnetic compatibility

Certificate according to Directive 72/23/EEC

Assessment

The certificate of CE labelling was presented to the test institute. This complies with the minimum requirements.


Figure 29 in the annex shows a copy of the certificate (p. 106).



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6b.3 [6.3 Security]

The AMS shall have a means of protection against unauthorised access to control functions.

Equipment


Method

The AMS was started by following the instructions of the manual. Then, the safety provision for protection against unauthorised access to control functions of the AMS (password protection) was activated. The reliability of the safety device was then tested.

Evaluation

Not necessary in this case.

Assessment

The AMS is protected by password against unauthorised access to control functions. This complies with the minimum requirements.


Not required for this performance criterion.


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6b.4 [6.4 Output ranges and zero point]

The AMS shall have a data output with a living zero point (e.g. 4 mA) so that both negative and positive readings can be displayed. The AMS shall have a display that shows the measurement response. The display may be external to the AMS. The test laboratory shall check whether the output ranges on the AMS can be adjusted and whether such ranges are appropriate for the intended applications. The emission limit values to be monitored with the AMS should be documented, together with an indication of the suitability of the AMS ranges for applicable EU Directives and other intended applications. The test laboratory shall use reference materials to verify that the output range is at least twice as great as the certification range.

Equipment

The test was carried out with zero and test gas. A multi-meter was used for collecting analogue signals

Method

It was checked whether the desired measuring ranges could be adjusted under consideration of the measurement task.

Using zero and test gas, the signal output was checked for compliance with the requirements such as living zero and measuring range.

Evaluation

The position of zero point can be adjusted to 4 mA. The output range of the AMS can be adjusted to the requirements of the relevant directives.

Assessment

The output range can be set on the measuring system. At 4 mA, zero point amounts to 20% of the analogue system output. The AMS can also display negative values. All relevant limit values can be monitored. The additional check of higher measuring ranges for component N2O also ensures monitoring at higher emission concentrations. This complies with the minimum requirements.





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6b.5 [6.5 Additional data outputs]

The AMS shall have a data output allowing an additional data display and recording device to be fitted to the AMS, i.e. one for the data acquisition system and one supplementary output for QAL2, QAL3 and AST according to EN 14181. The test laboratory shall then check that measurement signals displayed on the additional data output are the same results as those on the AMS. The test laboratory shall assess and describe in the test report the mechanism of the additional output.

Equipment

The test was carried out with zero and test gases, as well as a multi-meter.

Method

A multi-meter was connected to the analogue outputs of the measuring system for testing purposes. The test was carried out by comparing the recorded measured signal with the AMS signal and with the nominal value of the reference materials.

Evaluation

The values measured by the different outputs of the AMS are identical.

The AMS allows connection of an additional data acquisition system.

Assessment

An additional signal output is available. The different signal outputs of the AMS display identical values. This complies with the minimum requirements.




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6b.6 [6.6 Display of operational status signals]

The AMS shall have a means of displaying its operating status. The AMS shall also have a means of communicating the operational status to a data handling and acquisition system.

Equipment

The existing status signals were tested with a multi-meter.

Method

Operational states such as maintenance and malfunction were simulated by intervening in the measuring system.

Evaluation

The device was tested for correct output of status messages.

Assessment

The status messages were output correctly. This complies with the minimum requirements.





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6b.7 [6.7 Prevention or compensation for optical co ntamination]

An AMS that uses an optical method as the measuring principle shall have provisions for either prevention of contamination of the optical system and/or compensation for its effects. For instruments with in-built contamination compensation, the absorption of the optical filter may be specified by the manufacturer to be larger than 10 % in order for the compensation capability of the instrument to be more fully tested. The influence of optical boundary surface soiling on the measurement signal shall be determined while taking into account the physical relationships, and quantified wherever possible through measurements. The process employed inside the AMS for monitoring the effect of contamination shall be described by the AMS manufacturer in a logical manner. This function shall be operable with the AMS installed and operational. The AMS shall also display when the function is working.

Equipment

The test was carried out with auxiliary materials for checking the contamination level.

Method

Since contamination of the optical surfaces does not permit the correct functioning of the AMS, filters are assembled both in the instrument and on the mounting plate, thus reliably protecting the AMS against contamination.

If, despite this, particles were to be found contaminating the optical surfaces, the AMS detects them and switches to error mode.

Evaluation

The in-built filters prevented contamination of the optical surfaces during the entire test.

Assessment

In-built filter elements prevent contamination of the optical surfaces. This complies with the minimum requirements.




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6b.8 [6.8 Degrees of protection provided by enclosu res]

Instruments limited to be mounted in ventilated rooms or cabinets, where any kind of precipitation cannot reach the instrument, shall meet at least IP40 as specified in EN 60529. Instruments limited to being mounted in areas where some kind of shelter against precipitation is in place, e.g. a porch roof, but where precipitation can reach the instrument due to wind etc., shall meet at least IP54 as specified in EN 60529. Instruments that are designed to be used in the open air and without any weather protection shall at least meet the requirements of IP65 as specified in EN 60529.

Equipment

This performance criterion was evaluated by with help of the test report provided by the manufacturer.

Method

The AMS manufacturer submitted the report on the testing of the housing according to EN 60529 to the test laboratory. A check was carried out regarding whether the indicated degree of protection was observed.

Evaluation

The system is in compliance with degree of protection IP65.

Assessment

The system is in compliance with degree of protection IP65. This complies with the minimum requirements.


Please refer to the instruction manual of the AMS, pp. 20-2.



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6b.9 [6.9 Response time in laboratory test]

The AMS shall meet the performance criteria for response time. The response time shall be ≤ 200 s for gaseous compounds including O2. For components NH3, HCl and HF, the response time shall be ≤ 400 s.

Equipment

The test was carried out with zero and test gases from gas cylinders as well as with an appropriate valve to induce sudden changes between zero and test gas.

Method

The response time was determined for the rise to 90% and the fall to 10 % of the span point (see Figure 8). The test was carried out with dry test gases.

The change between the gases was done with the help of a valve which is mounted directly to the inlet of the sampling system. Zero and span gas were fed with the same “oversupply”. The gas flows of both zero gas and test gas were chosen in such a way that the lag time of the gas feeding could be neglected.

The step change was made by switching the valve from zero gas to test gas. This event was timed and was the start of the (rise) response time. When the reading had stabilised, zero gas was applied again, and this event was the start of the (fall) response time. When the reading had stabilised at zero, the whole cycle was complete.

Since the AMS met the performance criterion by a factor of two or more during the first test cycle, subsequent testing was omitted.

Legend:

1 lag time 2 rise time 3 response time (rise) tr 4 fall time 5 response time (fall) tf

x measured signal

t time

Figure 8: Diagram illustrating the response time

Evaluation

The period was determined between the step change in gas feeding and the reaching of 90 % of span point for the rising mode and 10 % of span point for the falling mode for each component.

The average of the response times (rise) and the average of the response times (fall) were calculated. The larger average value of the response time (rise) and the response time (fall) was determined as response time of the AMS.


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The relative difference of the response times was calculated according to the following equation:

td = tr - tf

tr

where: td is the relative difference between the response times

determined in rise and fall mode tr is the response time (rise) tf is the response time (fall)

Assessment

Response times of 40 s were obtained from the test with dry test gas. This complies with the minimum requirements.

Table 4: Response times during laboratory test

AMS: NGA2000 MLT 2 in the laboratory Component: N2O 0 - 196 mg/m³

N2O, dry System 1 System 2

t90% rise tr = 35 sec tr = 35 sec

t90% fall tf = 40 sec tf = 40 sec

Rel. difference of t90% td = -14.3 % td = -14.3 %

Response time t90 = 40 sec t90 = 40 sec

Table 5: Response times during laboratory test (supplementary range)

AMS: NGA2000 MLT 2 in the laboratory Component: N2O 0 - 5880 mg/m³


t90% rise tr = 25 sec tr = 25 sec

t90% fall tf = 35 sec tf = 35 sec

Rel. difference of t90% td = -40.0 % td = -40.0 %

Response time t90 = 35 sec t90 = 35 sec





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6b.10 [6.10 Repeatability standard deviation at zer o point]

The AMS shall meet the performance criteria for repeatability standard deviation at zero point. The repeatability standard deviation at zero point for gases except O2 shall be ≤ 2 % of the upper limit of the certification range. The standard deviation at zero point for O2 shall be ≤ 0.2 Vol.-%. The limit of detection equals twice the repeatability standard deviation at zero point. The limit of determination equals fourfold the repeatability standard deviation at zero point.

Equipment

The test was carried out with zero and test gases as well as a data logger.

Method

The AMS measurement signals at zero point were determined after application of the reference materials and a delay time corresponding to the four-fold response time, by means of 20 successive separate readings in intervals of a single response time of the device reading. Each value was averaged with the response time.

Evaluation

The measured signals obtained were used to determine the repeatability standard deviation at zero according to the following equation.

( )1

2

−−

= ∑n

xxs

ir

where: sr is the repeatability standard deviation xi is the ith measurement x is the average of the measured signals xi n is the number of measurements, n = 20


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Assessment

The maximum repeatability standard deviation at zero point was 0.1 % of the certification range for component N2O. This complies with the minimum requirements.

Table 6: Repeatability standard deviation at zero point

AMS: NGA2000 MLT 2 in the laboratory Component: N2O (certification range = 0 - 196 mg/m³)

Zero point System 1 System 2 Number of points 20 20

Average mg/m³ 0.202 0.245 Standard deviation s r mg/m³ 0.145 0.138

Minimum requirement sr ≤ mg/m³ 3.920

Standard deviation s r % CR 0.1 0.1 Minimum requirement sr ≤ % CR 2.0

Detection limit mg/m³ 0.290 0.275 Quantification limit mg/m³ 0.579 0.551


Table 35 in the annex (p. 107) shows the results regarding the determination of the repeatability standard deviation at zero point.



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6b.11 [6.11 Repeatability standard deviation at spa n point]

The AMS shall meet the performance criteria for repeatability standard deviation at span point. The repeatability standard deviation at span point for gases except O2 shall be ≤ 2 % of the upper limit of the certification range. The standard deviation at span point for O2 shall be ≤ 0.2 Vol.-%.

Equipment


Method

The AMS measurement signals at span point were determined after application of the reference materials and a delay time corresponding to the four-fold response time, by means of 20 successive separate readings in intervals of single response time of the device reading. Each value is to be averaged with the response time.

Evaluation

The measured signals obtained were used to determine the repeatability standard deviation at span point according to the following equation:

where: sr is the repeatability standard deviation xi is the ith measurement

is the average of the measured signals xi n is the number of measurements, n = 20

Assessment

The maximum repeatability standard deviation at span point was 0.1 % of the certification range for component N2O. This complies with the minimum requirements.

A value of 0.143 mg/m3 is used to calculate the measurement uncertainty in section 6d.

Table 7: Repeatability standard deviation at span point

AMS: NGA2000 MLT 2 in the laboratory Component: N2O (certification range = 0 - 196 mg/m³)

Span point System 1 System 2 Number of points 20 20

Average mg/m³ 157.045 157.272 Standard deviation s r mg/m³ 0.143 0.091

Minimum requirement sr ≤ mg/m³ 3.920 Standard deviation s r % CR 0.1 0.0

Minimum requirement sr ≤ % CR 2.0

Maximum uncertainty at span point u = s r = 0.143 mg/m³


Table 36 in the annex (p. 108) shows the results regarding the determination of the repeatability standard deviation at span point.

( )1

2

−−

= ∑n

xxs

ir

x


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6b.12 [6.12 Lack of fit in laboratory test]

The AMS shall have a linear output and shall meet the performance criteria for lack of fit. The linearity deviation for gaseous compounds should be ≤ 2.0 % of the upper limit of the certification range. For O2 it should be smaller than 0.2 Vol.-% (as oxygen volume concentration). The linearity of the response of the AMS shall be checked using at least seven different reference materials, including a zero concentration.

Equipment

The test was carried out with the specified adjustment materials (zero and test gas), a mass flow controller and a data logger.

Method

The necessary reference materials were prepared by means of a calibrated dilution system. The test gas concentrations were selected so that the measured values were equally spaced over the certification range. The test gases were fed at the inlet of the AMS.

The reference materials with approximate concentrations of the upper limit of the certification range were applied in the following order to avoid hysteresis effects:

0 % → 70 % → 40 % → 0 % → 60 % → 10 % → 30 % → 90 % → 0 %.

After each change in concentration, the measured signals were determined after a delay time corresponding to the four-fold response time, by means of three successive separate readings in intervals of a single response time of the device reading. Each value was averaged with the response time


Evaluation

The relation between the AMS values and the reference material values was determined according to Annex C of EN 15267-3. Following this test procedure, a regression line was established between the instrument readings of the AMS (x values) and the reference material values (c values). Next, the average of the AMS readings at each level was calculated. Then the deviation (residual) of this average to the regression line was determined.

Assessment

The relative residuals do not exceed 0.26 % of the certification range. This complies with the minimum requirements.

The value of 0.294 mg/m3 is used to calculate the measurement uncertainty in section 6d.



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Table 8: Lack of fit test, certification range 0 – 196 mg/m³

AMS: NGA 2000 MLT 2 in the laboratory Component: N2O (certification range = 0 - 196 mg/m³)

System 1 System 2 Nominal

value Measured

value Regression dc,rel Nominal

value Measured

value Regression dc,rel mg/m³ mg/m³ mg/m³ % mg/m³ mg/m³ mg/m³ % 0.00 0.82 0.51 0.16 0.00 0.37 0.18 0.10 137 138 138 0.00 137 138 138 0.00 78.4 79.7 79.2 0.26 78.4 79.1 79.1 0.00 0.00 0.33 0.51 -0.09 0.00 0.00 0.18 -0.09 118 119 119 0.00 118 119 119 0.00 19.6 19.7 20.2 -0.26 19.6 19.8 19.9 -0.05 58.8 59.7 59.5 0.10 58.8 59.5 59.4 0.05 176 178 178 0.00 176 178 178 0.00 0.00 0.49 0.51 -0.01 0.00 0.20 0.18 0.01

Maximum value dc,rel 0.26 0.10

Maximum uncertainty u = 0.294 mg/m³ = max (dc,rel) * CR / √3 (D.6)

Figure 9: Linearity of system 1, 0 – 196 mg/m³

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Reading AMS [mg/m³]

Linearity check in lab test, Device 1, N2O

Readings max allowed deviation Residues


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Table 9: Lack of fit test, supplementary range 0 – 5880 mg/m³

AMS: NGA2000 in the laboratory Component: N2O (measuring range = 0 - 5880 mg/m³)


value Measured


value Measured

value Regression dc,rel mg/m³ mg/m³ mg/m³ % mg/m³ mg/m³ mg/m³ % 0.00 11.0 6.95 0.07 0.00 7.35 2.76 0.08 4.116 4.129 4.131 -0.03 4.116 4.129 4.130 -0.02 2.352 2.361 2.364 -0.05 2.352 2.357 2.361 -0.07 0.00 11.0 6.95 0.07 0.00 7.35 2.76 0.08 3.528 3.539 3.542 -0.05 3.528 3.538 3.540 -0.03 588 589 596 -0.12 588 584 592 -0.14

1.764 1.764 1.774 -0.17 1.764 1.760 1.771 -0.19 5.292 5.318 5.309 0.15 5.292 5.317 5.309 0.14 0.00 14.7 6.95 0.13 0.00 11.0 2.76 0.14

Maximum value dc,rel -0.17 -0.19

Maximum uncertainty u = -6.450 mg/m³ = max (dc,rel) * CR / √3 (D.6)

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The results of the lack of fit test are presented in the annex from Table 37 to Table 40 (pp. 109-110).

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6b.13 [6.13 Zero and span drift]

The manufacturer shall provide a description of the technique used by the AMS to determine and compensate the zero and span drift. The description shall not be limited to an explanation of how the AMS compensates for the effect of contamination of the optical surfaces of AMS that use optical techniques. The test laboratory shall assess that the chosen reference material applied to the AMS as an independent check of the instrument’s operation is capable of monitoring any relevant change in instrument response not caused by changes in the measured component or stack gas condition. The AMS shall allow recording the zero and span drift. The manufacturer shall describe how to obtain the zero and span values. The technique used should be sensitive to drift in as many of the active parts of the system as possible. If the AMS has a means of automatic compensation for contamination and calibration and re-adjustment for zero and span drift, and such adjustments are not capable of bringing the AMS within normal operational conditions, then the AMS shall set a status signal. In cases where the AMS cannot measure zero values, the drift has to be measured at the lower limit of the certification range.

Equipment


Method

The analysers under test can perform automatic zero and span point adjustments. For this purpose, the connection of gas lines for applying the respective test gases to the AMS is necessary. The solenoid valves of the analyser module open automatically at set intervals (e.g. weekly). Nitrogen/instrument air (zero point) or N2O (span point) are then fed to the analyser for checking the position of zero and span point, which are thereafter automatically adjusted. Status signals indicate that zero and span point adjustment is being carried out. In the case of QAL3 tests according to EN 14181, the test gases must be applied directly at the sampling probe. During the field test, only the daily zero point adjustment function was activated. A limit value for the deviations from the nominal value can be optionally set on the automatic check function, allowing the instrument to recognise span point drifts.

Evaluation

The results of the zero and span drift checks are presented in Section 6c.5 [7.5 Zero and span drift].

Assessment

The AMS allows for recording zero and span drifting and thus fulfils the requirements of QAL3 according to EN 14181. This complies with the minimum requirements.





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6b.14 [6.14 Influence of ambient temperature]

The deviations of the AMS readings at the zero and span points shall not exceed the following performance criteria. The influence of ambient temperature for gaseous compounds at the zero and span points should be smaller than 5.0 % of the upper limit of the certification range. For O2 it should be smaller than 0.5 Vol.-% (as oxygen volume concentration). This applies for the following test ranges of ambient air temperature

• from –20 °C to +50 °C for assemblies installed outdoors; • from +5 °C to +40 °C for assemblies installed indoors, where the

temperatures do not fall below +5 °C or rise above +40 °C. The manufacturer submitting an AMS for testing may specify wider ambient temperature ranges to those above.

Equipment

The test was carried out with the specified adjustment materials (zero and test gas) and a climatic chamber with an adjustable temperature range from -40 °C to +80 °C and an adjustable moisture content. The moisture content in the climatic chamber was set to 50 % rel.

Method

The devices were exposed to the following temperature sequence in the climatic chamber:

20 °C → 5 °C → 20 °C → 40 °C → 20 °C.

Zero and span gas were fed at each temperature step for all measured components. After a delay time corresponding to the four-fold response time, the measured signals were determined by three separate successive readings carried out in intervals of a single response time. Each value was averaged with the response time.

An equilibration time of at least 6 h was included between each temperature change.

The deviations between the average reading at each temperature and the average reading at 20 °C were determined.

The AMS were operating during the whole test.


Evaluation

The deviations in the measured signals were determined at each temperature.

The maximum sensitivity coefficient was calculated according to the following equation:

( )( )1

1

−

−

−−

=ii

iit TT

xxb

where: b is the sensitivity coefficient of ambient temperature xi is the average reading at temperature Ti xi–1 is the average reading at temperature Ti–1 Ti is the current temperature in the test cycle Ti–1 is the previous temperature in the test cycle

Assessment

Table 10 shows the average values at each temperature for each measurement series of the temperature test.


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The maximum deviation for the temperature range +5 – +40 °C amounts to -2.2 % of the upper limit of the certification range. The maximum sensitivity coefficient is 0.187. This complies with the minimum requirements.

The value of 2.234 mg/m3 is used to calculate the measurement uncertainty in section 6d.

Table 10: Temperature test

AMS: NGA2000 in the laboratory Component: N2O (certification range = 0 - 196 mg/m³)

System 1 Zero point Span point

Temperature Measured value

Deviation b t Measured value

Deviation b t

°C mg/m³ % (∅∅∅∅ 20°) mg/m³ % (∅∅∅∅ 20°) ∅∅∅∅ 20° 1.13 - 156.7 -

20 0.69 -0.2 - 159.9 1.6 - 5 2.04 0.5 -0.090 155.2 -0.8 0.313 20 1.06 0.0 -0.065 154.1 -1.3 -0.073 40 -0.69 -0.9 -0.088 152.4 -2.2 -0.085 20 1.63 0.3 -0.116 156.2 -0.3 -0.190

Maximum value -0.9 -0.116 -2.2 0.313 xi,adj 1.13 156.7 ximax 2.04 159.9 ximin -0.69 152.4

u 0.910 2.234

System 2

Zero point Span point Temperature Measured

value Deviation b t Measured

value Deviation b t

°C mg/m³ % (∅∅∅∅ 20°) mg/m³ % (∅∅∅∅ 20°)

∅∅∅∅ 20° 0.40 - 155.4 -

20 0.29 -0.1 - 158.6 1.6 - 5 0.37 0.0 -0.005 153.0 -1.2 0.373 20 0.65 0.1 0.019 153.1 -1.2 0.007 40 1.02 0.3 0.019 153.1 -1.2 0.000 20 0.25 -0.1 0.039 154.4 -0.5 -0.065

Maximum value 0.3 0.039 1.6 0.373 xi,adj 0.40 155.4 ximax 1.02 158.6 ximin 0.25 153.0

u 0.323 1.665

Maximum uncertainty at span point u = 2.234 mg/m³


The individual data of the temperature test are presented in Table 41 in the annex (p. 111).



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6b.15 [6.15 Influence of sample gas pressure]

The deviations of the AMS reading at the span point shall not exceed the following performance criterion when the sample gas pressure changes by 3 kPa above and below atmospheric pressure. The influence of sample gas pressure shall be smaller than 2.0 % of the upper limit of the certification range. For O2 it should be smaller than 0.2 Vol.-% (as oxygen volume concentration). The effect of sample gas pressure typically applies to in-situ AMS, but not to extractive AMS, since the sample gas is conditioned and typically not subject to significant variations of temperature and pressure once within the analyser.

Equipment

Since the Emerson NGA 2000 MLT 2 measuring system is an extractive AMS, this performance criterion is not relevant. Instead, the influence of sample gas flow gas tested.

Method

This performance criterion is not relevant for the AMS under test.

Evaluation


Assessment

Since the Emerson NGA 2000 MLT 2 measuring system is an extractive AMS, this performance criterion is not relevant. This performance criterion is not relevant for the AMS under test.




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6b.16 [6.16 Influence of sample gas flow for extrac tive AMS]

The deviations of the AMS reading at the zero point and span point shall not exceed the following performance criterion, when the sample gas flow is changed in accordance with the manufacturer's specification. The influence of sample gas flow shall be smaller than 2.0 % of the upper limit of the certification range. For O2 it shall not exceed 0.2 Vol.-% (as oxygen volume concentration). A status signal for the lower limit of the sample gas flow shall be provided. If the manufacturer’s documentation permits only minor tolerances these are binding and shall not be extended.

Equipment

The test was carried out with the specified adjustment materials (zero and test gas) and a mass flow controller.

Method

The AMS was initially operated with the flow rate prescribed by the manufacturer. This flow rate was then changed to the lowest flow rate specified by the manufacturer.

The measured signals of the AMS at the zero point and span point were determined at both flow rates after a delay time corresponding to the four-fold response time, by means of three separate successive readings carried out in intervals of a single response time. Each value was averaged with the response time.


At the end of the test, the AMS was operated with a lower flow rate than the lowest flow rate specified by the manufacturer. It was checked whether the AMS produces the required status signal.

Evaluation

The deviation between the average readings at both flow rates was determined.

In addition, the sensitivity coefficient for the flow rate dependence was calculated according to the following equation:

( )( )12

12fr r-r

x-xb =

where: bf is the sensitivity coefficient of flow rate x1 is the average reading at flow rate r1 x2 is the average reading at flow rate r2 r1 is the nominal flow rate r2 is the lowest specified flow rate

Assessment

The maximum deviation of the measured signals amounts to 0.3 %. The AMS produces a status signal when the flow rate drops below the specified lowest flow rate. This complies with the minimum requirements.




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Table 11: Influence of sample gas flow rate



Volume flow rate

Measured value

Deviation b f Measured value

Deviation b f

l/min mg/m³ % mg/m³ %

0.5 0.12 - 157.45 - 0.2 0.00 -0.1 0.400 157.86 0.2 -1.367

System 2

Zero point Span point Volume flow

rate Measured

value Deviation b f Measured

value Deviation b f

l/min mg/m³ % mg/m³ %

0.5 0.24 - 157.58 - 0.2 0.12 -0.1 0.400 158.23 0.3 -2.167

Maximum deviation 0.3 % Maximum sensitivity coefficient -2.167 mg/m³ / l/min Max. ∆∆∆∆x 0.65 mg/m³

Maximum uncertainty u = 0.377 mg/m³ = max ∆x / √3 (D.6)


Table 42 in the annex (p. 112) presents the deviations of the measured signals for each flow rate as well as the sensitivity coefficients.


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6b.17 [6.17 Influence of voltage variations]

The deviation of the AMS reading at the zero and span points shall not exceed the following performance criterion when the voltage supply to the AMS varies from -15 % from the nominal value below to +10 % from the nominal value above the nominal value of the supply voltage. The influence of voltage variations for gaseous compounds shall be smaller than 2.0 % of the upper limit of the certification range. For O2 it shall not exceed 0.2 Vol.-% (as oxygen volume concentration). The AMS shall be capable of operating at a voltage that meets the requirements of EN 50160.

Equipment

The test was carried out with the specified adjustment materials (zero and test gas) and an isolating transformer.

Method

The AMS were connected to the supply voltage using an isolating transformer.

The measured signals of the AMS at zero point and at span point were determined at each voltage after a delay time corresponding to the four-fold response time, by means of three separate successive readings in intervals of a single response time. Each value was averaged with the response time. The deviations between the average readings at each voltage and the average reading at the nominal supply voltage were determined.


Evaluation

The deviations between the average readings at each voltage and the average reading at the beginning of the test were determined.

In addition, the sensitivity coefficient for the voltage dependence was calculated according to the following equation.

( )( )12

12sv UU

xxb

−−=

where:

bsv is the sensitivity coefficient of supply voltage x1 is the average reading at voltage U1 x2 is the average reading at voltage U2 U1 is the minimum voltage specified by the manufacturer U 2 is the maximum voltage specified by the manufacturer

Assessment

The maximum deviation is 0.4 % at zero and 0.2 % at the span point. The maximum sensitivity coefficient is -0.025 at zero and -0.012 at the span point. This complies with the minimum requirements.




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Table 12: Influence of the voltage variations



Voltage Measured value Deviation b V Measured

value Deviation b V

Volt mg/m³ %CR mg/m³ %CR

230 0.04 - 157.98 - 242 -0.04 0.0 -0.007 157.70 -0.1 -0.023 253 -0.20 -0.1 -0.015 157.94 0.0 0.022 219 -0.04 0.0 0.007 157.74 -0.1 0.022 207 -0.25 -0.1 0.018 157.62 -0.2 0.010 196 -0.16 -0.1 -0.008 157.58 -0.2 0.004 Maximum value -0.1 0.018 - -0.2 -0.023 bV (253/196 Volt) -0.001 0.006

xi,adj 0.04 157.98

ximax -0.04 157.94

ximin -0.25 157.58

u 0.195 0.243


Voltage Measured value Deviation b V Measured

value Deviation b V

Volt mg/m³ %CR mg/m³ %CR

230 0.16 - 158.76 - 242 0.37 0.1 0.018 158.80 0.0 0.003 253 0.45 0.1 0.007 158.80 0.0 0.000 219 0.69 0.3 -0.048 158.88 0.1 -0.011 207 0.78 0.3 -0.008 159.01 0.1 -0.011 196 0.94 0.4 -0.015 159.21 0.2 -0.018 Maximum value 0.4 -0.048 - 0.2 -0.018 bV (253/196 Volt) -0.009 -0.007

xi,adj 0.16 158.76

ximax 0.94 159.21

ximin 0.37 158.80

u 0.522 0.272

Maximum uncertainty u = 0.522 mg/m³


The individual results of the test on influence of voltage variations are presented in the annex in Table 43 (p. 112).


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6b.18 [6.18 Influence of vibration]

The deviations of the AMS readings at the zero and span points caused by vibrations typically expected at an industrial plant shall not exceed the following performance criteria. The influence of vibration shall not exceed 2.0 % of the upper limit of the certification range for gaseous compounds and 0.2 Vol.-% for O2 (as oxygen volume concentration). The AMS shall be examined in the laboratory and in the field in respect to whether normal vibrations affect the performance of the AMS, if the conditions of use specified by the manufacturer demand that a vibration test be performed. The vibration test, if required, shall be applied to duct-mounted parts of the AMS only.

Equipment

The Emerson NGA 2000 MLT 2 measuring system is an extractive AMS. Testing the influence of vibration is not required for this type of instruments.

Method

This performance criterion does not apply to the AMS under test.

Evaluation


Assessment

The Emerson NGA 2000 MLT 2 measuring system is an extractive AMS. Testing the influence of vibration is not required for this type of instruments. This performance criterion does not apply to the AMS under test.





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6b.19 [6.19 Cross-sensitivity]

The manufacturer shall describe any known sources of interference. Tests for non-gaseous interference sources, or gases other than those listed in Annex B of EN 15267-3, shall be agreed with the test laboratory. The influence of potentially interfering substances also present in the exhaust gas shall be determined by admitting test gas mixtures to the input of the complete AMS. The AMS shall meet the following performance criteria at the zero and span point for cross-sensitivity. The sum of positive and the sum of negative cross-sensitivities shall not exceed 4.0 % of the upper limit of the certification range for each component and 0.4 Vol.-% for O2.

Equipment

The test was carried out with the specified adjustment materials (zero and test gas), a mass flow controller and cross-sensitivity gases.

Method

Test gas without interferent and then with the interferent was applied. The measured signals of the AMS were determined for each test gas after a delay time corresponding to the four-fold response time, by means of three separate successive readings in intervals of a single response time. Each value was averaged with the response time. The deviations between the average readings with and the average reading without the interferent were determined.

The interferents listed in Table 13 were admitted to test the cross-sensitivity. For the test with H2O and CO2, lower concentrations were chosen in consultation with Emerson Process Management.

Table 13: Concentrations of interference components

Component Value Unit

O2 21 Vol.-% H2O 30 (3) Vol.-% CO2 15 (10) Vol.-% CO 300 mg/m3 CH4 50 mg/m3 NO 300 mg/m3 NO2 30 mg/m3 NH3 20 mg/m3 SO2 200 mg/m3 SO2 (coal-fired power stations without desulphurisation)

1000 mg/m3

HCI 50 mg/m3 HCI (coal fired power stations) 200 mg/m3

Evaluation

The deviations of the measured signals under application of each interferent were determined.

All positive deviations above 0.5 % of the span gas concentration and all negative deviations below -0.5 % of the span gas concentration were summed at both the zero point and span point.


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Assessment

The deviations observed in the test with interferent H2O at a concentration of 30 Vol.-% were too large. Hence, a concentration of 3 Vol.-% was used to test this interferent.

Similarly, a concentration of 15 Vol.-% CO2 caused too large deviations, for which a concentration of 10 Vol.-% was used instead.

The highest deviation is 3.41 % at zero and 2.85 % at the span point. With interferents H2O and CO2, a concentration of 3 Vol.-% and 10 Vol.-% was used respectively. This complies with the minimum requirements.


Table 14: Cross-sensitivities, system 1

AMS: NGA2000 in the laboratory Component: N2O (certification range = 0 - 196 mg/m³) System 1 Zero point Span point

Interferent Nominal

value Reading Nominal

value Reading mg/m³ mg/m³ %TG %CR mg/m³ mg/m³ %TG %CR

O2 21 Vol.-% -0.29 -0.49 ≤ 0.50 - 156.0 157.4 0.90 0.71

H2O 3 Vol.-% 0.20 0.65 ≤ 0.50 - 157.0 157.7 ≤ 0.50 - CO 300 mg/m³ -0.12 1.63 1.12 0.89 156.4 157.3 0.58 0.46

CO2 10 Vol.-% -0.37 4.57 3.12 2.52 158.4 161.7 2.08 1.68

CH4 50 mg/m³ -0.37 -0.41 ≤ 0.50 - 157.0 156.7 ≤ 0.50 - NO 300 mg/m³ -0.37 -0.33 ≤ 0.50 - 156.2 155.5 ≤ 0.50 -

NO2 30 mg/m³ -0.37 -0.45 ≤ 0.50 - 157.9 158.1 ≤ 0.50 -

NH3 20 mg/m³ -0.37 -0.41 ≤ 0.50 - 157.8 157.9 ≤ 0.50 -

SO2 1000 mg/m³ -0.37 -0.37 ≤ 0.50 - 158.0 157.7 ≤ 0.50 - HCl 200 mg/m³ -0.37 -0.33 ≤ 0.50 - 158.0 157.4 ≤ 0.50 - Sum of positive deviations � 3.41 � 2.85 Sum of negative deviations � - � - Any deviation <= 0.5% of the test gas concentration at span point remains unconsidered.



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Table 15: Cross-sensitivities, system 2

AMS: NGA2000 in the laboratory Component: N2O (certification range = 0 - 196 mg/m³) System 2 Zero point Span point

Interferent Nominal

value Reading Nominal

value Reading mg/m³ mg/m³ %TG %CR mg/m³ mg/m³ %TG %CR

O2 21 Vol.-% 0.57 0.16 ≤ 0.50 - 156.3 157.6 0.83 0.66

H2O 3 Vol.-% 0.49 0.29 ≤ 0.50 - 157.0 157.5 ≤ 0.50 - CO 300 mg/m³ 0.24 2.00 1.12 0.90 156.5 157.8 0.83 0.66

CO2 10 Vol.-% -0.12 3.51 2.29 1.85 158.6 160.4 1.13 0.92

CH4 50 mg/m³ -0.12 0.45 ≤ 0.50 - 157.3 157.0 ≤ 0.50 - NO 300 mg/m³ -0.12 0.37 ≤ 0.50 - 156.4 155.7 ≤ 0.50 -

NO2 30 mg/m³ -0.12 0.41 ≤ 0.50 - 158.4 158.4 ≤ 0.50 -

NH3 20 mg/m³ -0.12 0.37 ≤ 0.50 - 158.1 158.2 ≤ 0.50 -

SO2 1000 mg/m³ -0.12 0.33 ≤ 0.50 - 158.2 157.9 ≤ 0.50 - HCl 200 mg/m³ -0.12 0.73 0.54 0.43 158.3 157.6 ≤ 0.50 - Sum of positive deviations � 3.18 � 2.24 Sum of negative deviations � - � - Any deviation <= 0.5% of the test gas concentration at span point remains unconsidered.

Maximum deviation 3.41 %CR = 6.68 mg/m³

Maximum uncertainty u = 3.86 mg/m³ = max ∆x / √3 (D.6)


Table 44 and Table 45 in the annex (pp. 113 - 114) show the deviations at the zero point and span point for each interfering component.


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6b.20 [6.20 Excursion of measurement beam of cross- stack in-situ AMS]

In the event of an excursion of the measurement beam within an AMS, the deviations of the AMS readings at the zero point and span point shall not exceed the following performance criterion for the maximum allowable deviation angle specified by the manufacturer. This angle shall not be smaller than 0.3°. The deviation of the AMS reading caused by an excursion of the measurement beam shall not exceed 2.0 % of the upper limit of the certification range.

Equipment

The Emerson NGA 2000 MLT 2 measuring system is an extractive AMS.

Method


Evaluation


Assessment

The Emerson NGA 2000 MLT 2 measuring system is an extractive AMS. This performance criterion is not relevant for the AMS under test.





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6b.21 [6.21 Converter efficiency for NO X measuring AMS]

Manufacturers shall specify, when seeking certification for AMS for measuring NOX, whether certification is required for the measurement of nitrogen monoxide (NO) and/or nitrogen dioxide (NO2). The test laboratory shall determine the efficiency of the NOX converter before and after the field test. The converter efficiency shall be ≥ 95 %.

Equipment

The Emerson NGA 2000 MLT 2 measuring system does not measure NOX.

Method


Evaluation


Assessment

The Emerson NGA 2000 MLT 2 measuring system does not measure NOX. This performance criterion is not relevant for the AMS under test.




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6b.22 [6.22 Response factors]

AMS for total organic carbon (TOC) shall meet the following performance criteria. The influence of O2 shall not exceed 2.0 % of the upper limit of the certification range. The response factors shall lie within the following ranges: methane 0.90 to 1.20 aliphatic hydrocarbons 0.90 to 1.10 aromatic hydrocarbons 0.80 to 1.10 dichloromethane 0.75 to 1.15 aliphatic alcohols 0.70 to 1.00 esters and ketones 0.70 to 1.00 organic acids 0.50 to 1.00 The evaluation shall cover at least the following organic compounds: methane, ethane, benzene, toluene, dichloromethane and the test gas mixture according to EN 12619. For total organic carbon measuring AMS for use in measuring emissions from waste incinerators, the response factors of the following organic compounds shall also be evaluated: Propane, ethyne, ethyl benzene, p-xylene, chlorobenzene, tetrachloroethylene, n-butane, n-hexane, n-octane, isooctane, propene, methanol, butanol, acetic acid, acetic acid methyl ester, trichloromethane, trichloroethylene.

Equipment

The Emerson NGA 2000 MLT 2 measuring system does not measure total carbon.

Method


Evaluation


Assessment

The Emerson NGA 2000 MLT 2 measuring system does not measure total carbon. This performance criterion is not relevant for the AMS under test.





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6c Performance criteria common to all AMS for field testing

6c.1 [7.1 Calibration function]

The calibration function shall be determined by parallel measurements carried out using a SRM. The calibration function shall have a determination coefficient R² of the regression of at least 0.90. The variability attached to the calibration function and determined in accordance with EN 14181 shall meet the maximum permissible uncertainty specified by the applicable regulations. The calibration function shall be determined on the basis of at least 15 measurements in accordance with EN 14181. The calibration function shall be determined twice, once at the beginning and once at the end of the field test. If the concentration in the field does not vary, the calibration function can be established in accordance with EN 14181 by additional use of zero and span values obtained in the field test.

Equipment

The calibration measurements were carried out with the standard reference measuring method specified in Section 5.

Method

The calibration function was determined once at the beginning and once at the end of the field test. The exhaust gas peripheral parameters used to calculate the calibration function of AMS and SRM were identical. As described in EN 14181, 15 measurements were carried out over a period of three days.

The measurement points were selected in accordance with EN 15259.

Evaluation

The calibration functions were determined according to EN 14181 by means of 15 measurements each.

Assessment

The determination coefficient R² of the calibration function lies between 0.9382 and 0.9645. The AMS passed the variability test. A statistical correlation between AMS and SRM was demonstrated.

This complies with the minimum requirements.

The results are presented in Table 16 to Table 21 and Figure 13 to Figure 18.

.


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Table 16: Parameter of the 1st calibration of system 1

NGA2000 MLT 2 in the field: parameter system 1, 1 st calibration

Component N2O Gas condition AMS Standard conditions dry Measuring range 0 - 538.5 mg/m³ Certification range 0 - 588 mg/m³ Calculation method *) Clustered dots with zero point Slope b 33.980 mg/m³ / mA Axis intercept a -141.083 mg/m³ Standard deviation sD 14.91 mg/m³ Determination coefficient R² 0.9714

Measuring range (E) 588 mg/m³ Confidence interval 20 % of the measuring range Confidence interval 117.6 mg/m³ 15 % of measuring range 88.2 mg/m³ Difference ysmax - ysmin 84.0 mg/m³

*) Difference ysmax - ysmin is smaller than 15 % of the measuring range.

Variability test system 1

No. Reference Reading Difference Difference Difference method AMS Di Di - DAvg (Di - DAvg)

2 mg/m³, std. dry mg/m³, std. dry mg/m³ mg/m³ mg/m³

1 340 336.34 3.66 3.94 15.497 2 341 338.04 2.96 3.24 10.476 3 301 309.15 -8.15 -7.87 61.989 4 310 316.63 -6.63 -6.35 40.365 5 349 329.20 19.80 20.08 403.073 6 312 321.39 -9.39 -9.11 83.053 7 289 311.53 -22.53 -22.25 495.211 8 340 331.58 8.42 8.70 75.632 9 317 327.84 -10.84 -10.56 111.584

10 332 332.60 -0.60 -0.32 0.105 11 350 330.56 19.44 19.72 388.747 12 304 329.20 -25.20 -24.92 621.173 13 356 339.40 16.60 16.88 284.822 14 373 353.33 19.67 19.95 397.870 15 326 337.36 -11.36 -11.08 122.840

Average -0.28 Total 3112.436 Number of readings 15

Standard deviation sD = 14.91 mg/m³ Required uncertainty σ0 = 20% x E / 1.96 = 60.0 mg/m³ kV 0.9761 Test sD ≤ σ0 x kV sD ≤ 58.6 System 1 has passed the variability test.



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Table 17: Parameter of the 1st calibration of system 2

NGA2000 MLT 2 in the field: parameter system 2, 1 st calibration


Measuring range (E) 588 mg/m³ Confidence interval 20 % of measuring range Confidence interval 117,6 mg/m³ 15 % of measuring range 88,2 mg/m³ Difference ysmax - ysmin 84,0 mg/m³

*) Difference ysmax - ysmin is smaller than 15 % of measuring range.




1 340 336.46 3.54 3.82 14.582 2 341 337.82 3.18 3.46 11.962 3 301 308.90 -7.90 -7.62 58.085 4 310 316.39 -6.39 -6.11 37.348 5 349 330.34 18.66 18.94 358.673 6 312 321.15 -9.15 -8.87 78.701 7 289 311.96 -22.96 -22.68 514.443 8 340 331.36 8.64 8.92 79.543 9 317 327.27 -10.27 -9.99 99.827

10 332 332.38 -0.38 -0.10 0.010 11 350 330.34 19.66 19.94 397.550 12 304 329.32 -25.32 -25.04 627.068 13 356 339.53 16.47 16.75 280.518 14 373 353.48 19.52 19.80 391.987 15 326 337.48 -11.48 -11.20 125.470

Average -0.28 Total 3075.768 Number of readings 15



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Figure 13: Presentation of the results of the 1st parallel measurement, system 1

Figure 14: Presentation of the results of the 1st parallel measurement, system 2

0

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0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

SR

M [m

g/m

³]

AMS [mA]

Parallel measurements for N2O, begin of field test, device 1

Parallel measurements

Calibration function (AMS operation conditions)

0-/Ref-Point

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Parallel measurements for N2O, begin of field test, device 2



0-/Ref-Point



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Table 18: Parameter of the 2nd calibration of system 1

NGA2000 MLT 2 in the field: parameter system 1, 2 nd calibration


Measuring range (E) 588 mg/m³ Confidence interval 20 % of measuring range Confidence interval 117.6 mg/m³ 15 % of measuring range 88.2 mg/m³ Difference ysmax - ysmin 57.0 mg/m³

*) Difference ysmax - ysmin is smaller than 15 % of measuring range




1 371 361.81 9.19 9.17 84.089 2 334 353.46 -19.46 -19.48 379.470 3 361 352.33 8.67 8.65 74.823 4 351 358.40 -7.40 -7.42 55.056 5 330 356.50 -26.50 -26.52 703.310 6 343 359.53 -16.53 -16.55 273.902 7 369 362.19 6.81 6.79 46.104 8 377 363.33 13.67 13.65 186.323 9 340 364.46 -24.46 -24.48 599.270

10 377 369.02 7.98 7.96 63.362 11 387 354.22 32.78 32.76 1073.218 12 361 354.98 6.02 6.00 36.000 13 346 358.02 -12.02 -12.04 144.962 14 368 357.64 10.36 10.34 106.916 15 362 350.81 11.19 11.17 124.769

Average 0.02 Total 3951.573 Number of measurements 15



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Table 19: Parameter of the 2nd calibration of system 2

NGA2000 MLT in the field: parameter system 2, 2 nd calibration


Measuring range (E) 588 mg/m³ Confidence interval 20 % of measuring range Confidence interval 117.6 mg/m³ 15 % of measuring range 88.2 mg/m³ Difference ysmax - ysmin 57.0 mg/m³

*) Difference ysmax - ysmin is smaller than 15 % of measuring range




1 371 361.90 9.10 9.06 82.120 2 334 353.22 -19.22 -19.26 370.871 3 361 351.71 9.29 9.25 85.600 4 351 357.37 -6.37 -6.41 41.062 5 330 357.00 -27.00 -27.04 731.053 6 343 360.77 -17.77 -17.81 317.125 7 369 363.78 5.22 5.18 26.853 8 377 363.41 13.59 13.55 183.657 9 340 365.29 -25.29 -25.33 641.508

10 377 368.69 8.31 8.27 68.426 11 387 353.60 33.40 33.36 1113.023 12 361 354.36 6.64 6.60 43.586 13 346 357.75 -11.75 -11.79 138.957 14 368 357.00 11.00 10.96 120.165 15 362 350.58 11.42 11.38 129.550

Average 0.04 Total 4093.556 Number of measurements 15




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Figure 15: Presentation of the results of the 2nd parallel measurement, system 1

Figure 16: Presentation of the results of the 2nd parallel measurement, system 2

0

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0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

SR

M [m

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AMS [mA]

Parallel measurements for N2O, end of field test, d evice 1



0-/Ref-Point

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Parallel measurements for N2O, end of field test, d evice 2

Parallel measurementsCalibration function (AMS operation conditions)Kal20-/Ref-Point


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Table 20: Variability test of system 1

Variability test system 1 for N 2O (standard conditions dry): 2nd calibration as functional test


2

mg/m³ mg/m³ mg/m³ mg/m³ mg/m³

1 371.00 319.69 51.31 9.52 90.592 2 334.00 312.21 21.79 -20.00 400.080 3 361.00 311.19 49.81 8.02 64.288 4 351.00 316.63 34.37 -7.42 55.086 5 330.00 314.93 15.07 -26.72 714.065 6 343.00 317.65 25.35 -16.44 270.339 7 369.00 320.03 48.97 7.18 51.524 8 377.00 321.05 55.95 14.16 200.449 9 340.00 322.07 17.93 -23.86 569.395

10 377.00 326.14 50.86 9.07 82.229 11 387.00 312.89 74.11 32.32 1044.453 12 361.00 313.57 47.43 5.64 31.787 13 346.00 316.29 29.71 -12.08 145.975 14 368.00 315.95 52.05 10.26 105.227 15 362.00 309.83 52.17 10.38 107.703 Average 41.79 Total 3933.192 Number of measurements 15

Standard deviation sD = 16.8 mg/m³

Required uncertainty σ0 = 20% x E / 1.96 = 60.0 mg/m³

kV 0.9761 Test sD ≤ 1.5 x σ0 x kV sD ≤ 87.8 System 1 has passed the variability test.

t0.95 (N-1) 2.1448 Mean difference |D| = 41.8 mg/m³ Test |D| ≤ 69.3 The calibration function is valid.



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Table 21: Variability test of system 2

Variability test system 2 for N 2O (standard conditions dry): 2nd calibration as functional test


2

mg/m³ mg/m³ mg/m³ mg/m³ mg/m³

1 371.00 321.83 49.17 9.40 88.410 2 334.00 314.00 20.00 -19.77 390.747 3 361.00 312.64 48.36 8.59 73.834 4 351.00 317.75 33.25 -6.52 42.476 5 330.00 317.41 12.59 -27.18 738.607 6 343.00 320.81 22.19 -17.58 308.963 7 369.00 323.53 45.47 5.70 32.520 8 377.00 323.19 53.81 14.04 197.196 9 340.00 324.89 15.11 -24.66 607.984

10 377.00 327.96 49.04 9.27 85.982 11 387.00 314.34 72.66 32.89 1081.928 12 361.00 315.02 45.98 6.21 38.597 13 346.00 318.09 27.91 -11.86 140.596 14 368.00 317.41 50.59 10.82 117.130 15 362.00 311.62 50.38 10.61 112.629 Average 39.77 Total 4057.600 Number of measurements 15

Standard deviation sD = 17.0 mg/m³

Required uncertainty σ0 = 20% x E / 1.96 = 60.0 mg/m³

kV 0.9761 Test sD ≤ 1.5 x σ0 x kV sD ≤ 87.8 System 2 has passed the variability test.

t0.95 (N-1) 2.1448 Mean difference |D| = 39.8 mg/m³ Test |D| ≤ 69.4 The calibration function is valid.


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Figure 17: Presentation of the results of both parallel measurements, system 1

Figure 18: Presentation of the results of both parallel measurements, system 2


The individual values of the calibrations are presented in the annex in Table 46 (p. 115)

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600

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

SR

M [m

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AMS [mA]

all parallel measurements for N2O, device 1

Parallel measurements field test start

Parallel measurements field test end

Function of calibration at start

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AMS [mA]

all parallel measurements for N2O, device 2

Parallel measurements field test start

Parallel measurements field test end

Function of calibration at start



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6c.2 [7.2 Response time during field test]

The AMS shall meet the performance criterion for the response time evaluated during the laboratory tests. The test shall be performed at least two times, once at the beginning and once at the end of the field test

Equipment

The test was carried out with the specified adjustment materials (zero and test gas) and an appropriate valve to induce sudden changes between zero and test gas.

Method

Zero and test gas were fed to the AMS with the same “oversupply”. The step change was made by switching the valve between gases. The step change from zero to test gas was the start of the (rise) response time. The elapsed time between the start of the step change and reaching 90 % of the stabilised reading was determined.

When the reading stabilised, zero gas was applied again, and this is the start of the (fall) response time. Once again, the time elapsed between the start and reaching 90 % of the stabilised reading was recorded.

Evaluation

The period between the step change of the gas feeding and reaching 90 % of the span point for the rise mode and 10 % of the span point for the fall mode was determined for each component.

The average of the response times (rise) and the average of the response times (fall) were calculated respectively. The larger value of the response time (rise) and the response time (fall) is used as the response time of the AMS.

Assessment

A response time of maximum 25 s was determined for the measuring system during the field test. This complies with the minimum requirements.

Table 22: Response times at the beginning of the field test (0 – 196 mg/m³)

AMS: NGA2000 MLT 2 in the field 1 Component: N2O (certification range = 0 - 196 mg/m³)


t90 rise tr = 25 sec tr = 25 sec

t90 fall tf = 25 sec tf = 25 sec

Rel. difference of t90 td = 0.0 % td = 0.0 %

Response time t90 = 25 sec t90% = 25 sec


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Table 23: Response times at the beginning of the field test (0 – 588 mg/m³)

AMS: NGA2000 MLT 2 in the field 1 Component: N2O (measuring range = 0 - 588 mg/m³)






Table 24: Response times at the end of the field test (0 – 196 mg/m³)

AMS: NGA2000 MLT 2 in the field 2 Component: N2O (certification range = 0 - 196 mg/m³)






Table 25: Response times at the end of the field test (0 – 588 mg/m³)

AMS: NGA2000 MLT 2 in the field 2 Component: N2O (measuring range = 0 - 588 mg/m³)










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6c.3 [7.3 Lack of fit during the field test]

The AMS shall meet the performance criterion for lack of fit evaluated during the laboratory tests. The lack of fit shall be determined at least twice during the field test.

Equipment

The test was carried out with the specified adjustment materials (zero and test gas), a mass flow controller and a data logger.

Method

The necessary reference materials were prepared by means of a calibrated dilution system. The test gas concentrations were selected so that the measured values were equally spaced over the certification range. The test gases were fed inlet of the AMS.

The reference materials with approximate concentrations of the upper limit of the certification range were applied in the following order to avoid hysteresis effects:

0 % → 70 % → 40 % → 0 % → 60 % → 10 % → 30 % → 90 % → 0 %.

After each change in concentration, the measured signals of the AMS were determined after a delay time corresponding to the four-fold response time, by means of three successive separate readings in intervals of a single response time of the device reading. Each value was averaged with the response time.

Evaluation

The relation between the AMS values and the reference material values was determined according to Annex C of EN 15267-3. Following this test procedure, a regression line was established between the instrument readings of the AMS (x values) and the reference material values (c values). Next, the average of the AMS readings at each level was calculated. Then the deviation (residual) of this average to the regression line was determined.

Assessment

The relative residuals do not exceed 0.66 % of the certification range (0 – 196 mg/m³). For the supplementary range 0 – 588 mg/m³, they have a maximum value of 1.31 %. This complies with the minimum requirements.


The results of the lack of fit test are presented in Table 26 to Table 29.


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Table 26: Lack of fit test at the beginning of the field test (0 – 196 mg/m³)

AMS: NGA 2000 MLT 2 in the field 1 Component: N2O (certification range = 0 - 196 mg/m³)


value Measured


value Measured

value Regression dc,rel mg/m³ mg/m³ mg/m³ % mg/m³ mg/m³ mg/m³ % 0.00 1.10 1.41 -0.16 0.00 0.86 1.38 -0.27 137 143 143 0.00 137 143 143 0.00 78.4 83.1 82.5 0.31 78.4 83.4 82.4 0.51 0.00 0.86 1.41 -0.28 0.00 0.82 1.38 -0.29 118 123 123 0.00 118 123 123 0.00 19.6 22.3 21.7 0.31 19.6 22.3 21.6 0.36 58.8 63.0 62.2 0.41 58.8 62.9 62.1 0.41 176 183 184 -0.51 176 183 184 -0.51 0.00 0.82 1.41 -0.30 0.00 0.86 1.38 -0.27

Maximum value d c,rel -0.51 0.51

Figure 19: Linearity of system 1 at the beginning of the field test (0 – 196 mg/m³)

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s [%

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Set

poi

nt [m

g/m

³]


Linearity check in field test 1, Device 1, N2O




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Table 27: Lack of fit test at the beginning of the field test (0 – 588 mg/m³)

AMS: NGA 2000 MLT 2 in the field 1 Component: N2O (measuring range = 0 - 588 mg/m³)


value Measured


value Measured

value Regression dc,rel mg/m³ mg/m³ mg/m³ % mg/m³ mg/m³ mg/m³ % 0.00 1.59 5.06 -0.59 0.00 1.47 4.95 -0.59 412 426 427 -0.17 412 426 427 -0.17 235 249 246 0.51 235 249 246 0.51 0.00 1.84 5.06 -0.55 0.00 1.59 4.95 -0.57 353 366 367 -0.17 353 366 367 -0.17 58.8 72.8 65.3 1.28 58.8 72.9 65.2 1.31 176 189 186 0.51 176 189 186 0.51 529 546 548 -0.34 529 545 547 -0.34 0.00 1.84 5.06 -0.55 0.00 1.59 4.95 -0.57

Maximum value d c,rel 1.28 1.31

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-02

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-03

-02

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03

04

05

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600

0 200 400 600 800

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idue

s [%

]

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poi

nt [m

g/m

³]




-05

-04

-03

-02

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00

01

02

03

04

05

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idue

s [%

]

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poi

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Table 28: Lack of fit test at the end of the field test (0 – 196 mg/m³)

AMS: NGA 2000 MLT 2 in the field 2 Component: N2O (certification range = 0 - 196 mg/m³)


value Measured


value Measured

value Regression dc,rel mg/m³ mg/m³ mg/m³ % mg/m³ mg/m³ mg/m³ % 0.00 0.78 1.21 -0.22 0.00 1.76 1.95 -0.10 137 140 140 0.00 137 142 141 0.51 78.4 80.9 80.5 0.20 78.4 82.7 81.4 0.66 0.00 0.78 1.21 -0.22 0.00 1.84 1.95 -0.06 118 120 120 0.00 118 121 121 0.00 19.6 21.4 21.0 0.20 19.6 21.7 21.8 -0.05 58.8 61.5 60.7 0.41 58.8 61.7 61.6 0.05 176 180 180 0.00 176 180 181 -0.51 0.00 1.14 1.21 -0.04 0.00 1.51 1.95 -0.22

Maximum value d c,rel 0.41 0.66

Figure 23: Linearity of system 1 at the end of the field test (0 – 196 mg/m³)

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Table 29: Lack of fit test at the end of the field test (0 – 588 mg/m³)

AMS: NGA 2000 MLT 2 in the field 2 Component: N2O (measuring range = 0 - 588 mg/m³)


value Measured


value Measured

value Regression dc,rel mg/m³ mg/m³ mg/m³ % mg/m³ mg/m³ mg/m³ % 0.00 2.45 0.56 0.32 0.00 4.65 2.22 0.41 412 402 403 -0.17 412 406 405 0.17 235 228 231 -0.51 235 231 233 -0.34 0.00 2.33 0.56 0.30 0.00 4.17 2.22 0.33 353 344 346 -0.34 353 347 348 -0.17 58.8 56.6 58.1 -0.26 58.8 57.8 59.8 -0.34 176 171 173 -0.34 176 172 175 -0.51 529 521 518 0.51 529 523 521 0.34 0.00 1.59 0.56 0.18 0.00 2.94 2.22 0.12

Maximum value d c,rel 0.51 -0.51

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-04

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-01

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04

05

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-05

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-02

-01

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6c.4 [7.4 Maintenance interval]

The test laboratory shall determine the maintenance work that is necessary for the AMS to work properly as well as the intervals at which such maintenance work shall be performed. The recommendations of the instrument manufacturer should be taken into account. The maintenance interval of the AMS shall be at least 8 days.

Equipment

During the field test, all measured values were recorded with a data acquisition system of the type Yokogawa. Further auxiliary devices were not employed.

Method

The maintenance interval was calculated on the basis of the drift behaviour. The zero and span points were adjusted through feedings of the respective gases at the beginning of the field test and checked at regular intervals during the further course of testing.

In addition to the evaluation of the periodical manual zero and test gas feedings, the operating behaviour of the AMS as well as the maintenance specifications of the manufacturer were taken into account for the determination of the maintenance interval.

Evaluation

For the determination of the maintenance interval, the data obtained through regular test gas feedings were compared to the settings at the beginning of the field test and the deviations were calculated. Furthermore, the operating behaviour of the AMS and the maintenance specifications of the manufacturer were evaluated.

Assessment

A four-week period was specified as maintenance interval. This complies with the minimum requirements.

The following tasks shall be performed at the specified intervals.

Monthly maintenance works:

• Visual inspections at regular intervals - check of zero gas supply required for zero point calibration - check of cell and sample gas line temperature - check of analyser flow

• Monthly check of sample gas filter, gas treatment system, sample gas lines and gas line connection

• Monthly span point control by feeding the appropriate test gases

For the rest, the recommendations of the manufacturer shall be followed.


The results of the periodical test gas feedings during the field test are presented in Section 6c.5.



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6c.5 [7.5 Zero and span drift]

The zero and span drift within the maintenance interval shall not exceed the following performance criteria. The span materials (such as test gases) applied during testing shall produce an AMS response between 70 % and 90 % of the upper limit of the certification range. The zero and span drift within the maintenance interval for gas monitoring AMS shall be ≤ 3.0 % of the upper limit of the certification range. For O2 it should be ≤ 0.2 Vol.-% (as oxygen volume concentration).

Equipment

During the field test, all measured values were recorded with a data acquisition system of the type Yokogawa. The test was carried out with the specified adjustment materials (zero and test gas).

Method

The test was performed using two AMS of identical design as part of the field test in the smallest measuring range tested.

The position of the zero point and of the span point was determined ten times during the field test, and the systems were readjusted as soon as the permissible level of drift was exceeded. Two span points were checked: span point 1 (157 mg/m³) for the certification range and span point 2 (470 mg/m³) for the measuring range in the field.

Evaluation

Zero and span drifts were within the permissible levels for over 12 weeks. The lowest deviation from the nominal value is 0.00 mg/m³. The highest deviation from the nominal value amounts to 3.31 mg/m³.

Assessment

The zero drift lay below 0.4 % of the certification range over the entire period. The span point drift was below 1.9 % of the certification range. This complies with the minimum requirements.

To calculate the measurement uncertainty in section 6d, a value of -0.453 mg/m³ is used for zero drift, and 2.150 mg/m³ is used for span drift.


The results of test of zero and span drift are presented in Table 30 and Table 31.


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Table 30: Results of the drift check for the certification range (0 – 196 mg/m³)

Component: N2O 0 to 198 mg/m³System 1

Zero point Span pointDate Interval Reading Nominal value Adjustment Reading No minal value Adjustment

d mA mADeviation in

% of CRyes/no mA mA

Deviation in % of CR

yes/no

06 June 2012 - 4.03 4.03 - yes 8.41 8.41 - yes13 June 2012 7 4.03 4.03 0.0 no 8.37 8.41 0.8 no19 June 2012 6 4.03 4.03 0.0 no 8.39 8.41 0.4 no21 June 2012 2 4.05 4.03 -0.4 no 8.42 8.41 -0.2 no19 July 2012 28 4.03 4.03 0.0 no 8.32 8.41 1.7 no30 July 2012 11 4.03 4.03 0.0 no 8.32 8.41 1.7 no

21 August 2012 22 4.04 4.03 -0.2 no 8.32 8.41 1.7 no23 August 2012 2 4.03 4.03 0.0 no 8.31 8.41 1.9 no

03 September 2012 11 4.03 4.03 0.0 no 8.35 8.41 1.1 no26 September 2012 23 4.04 4.03 -0.2 no 8.36 8.41 0.9 no


Zero point Span pointDate Interval Reading Nominal value Adjustment Reading Nominal value Abgleich

d mA mADeviation in %

of CRyes/no mA mA


yes/no

06 June 2012 - 4.04 4.04 - yes 8.41 8.41 - yes13 June 2012 7 4.05 4.04 -0.2 no 8.40 8.41 0.2 no19 June 2012 6 4.04 4.04 -0.2 no 8.40 8.41 -0.2 no21 June 2012 2 4.05 4.04 -0.2 no 8.43 8.41 -0.6 no19 July 2012 28 4.04 4.04 -0.2 no 8.32 8.41 0.2 no30 July 2012 11 4.04 4.04 0.0 no 8.32 8.41 -0.2 no

21 August 2012 22 4.05 4.04 0.0 no 8.32 8.41 -0.2 no23 August 2012 2 4.04 4.04 0.0 no 8.34 8.41 0.0 no

03 September 2012 11 4.04 4.04 0.0 no 8.37 8.41 -0.4 no26 September 2012 23 4.02 4.04 0.4 no 8.35 8.41 0.0 no

-0.4 % u = -0.453 mg/m³1.9 % u = 2.150 mg/m³

maximum value at zero pointmaximum value at span point



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Table 31: Results of the drift check for the measuring range (0 – 588 mg/m³)


Zero point Span pointDate Interval Reading Nominal value Adjustment Reading No minal value Adjustment

d mA mADeviation in

% of CRyes/no mA mA


yes/no

06 June 2012 - 4,03 4,03 - yes 16,97 16,97 - yes13 June 2012 7 4,03 4,03 0,0 no 16,89 16,97 -0,5 no19 June 2012 6 4,03 4,03 0,0 no 16,87 16,97 -0,6 no21 June 2012 2 4,05 4,03 0,1 no 16,91 16,97 -0,4 no19 July 2012 28 4,03 4,03 0,0 no 16,89 16,97 -0,5 no30 July 2012 11 4,03 4,03 0,0 no 16,89 16,97 -0,5 no

21 August 2012 22 4,04 4,03 0,1 no 16,90 16,97 -0,4 no23 August 2012 2 4,03 4,03 0,0 no 16,87 16,97 -0,6 no

03 September 2012 11 4,03 4,03 0,0 no 16,88 16,97 -0,6 no26 September 2012 23 4,04 4,03 0,1 no 16,94 16,97 -0,2 no


Zero point Span pointDate Interval Reading Nominal value Adjustment Reading Nominal value Abgleich

d mA mADeviation in %

of CRyes/no mA mA


yes/no

06 June 2012 - 4,04 4,04 - yes 16,96 16,96 - yes13 June 2012 7 4,05 4,04 0,1 no 16,92 16,96 -0,3 no19 June 2012 6 4,04 4,04 0,0 no 16,88 16,96 -0,5 no21 June 2012 2 4,05 4,04 0,1 no 16,91 16,96 -0,3 no19 July 2012 28 4,04 4,04 0,0 no 16,89 16,96 -0,4 no30 July 2012 11 4,04 4,04 0,0 no 16,89 16,96 -0,4 no

21 August 2012 22 4,05 4,04 0,1 no 16,91 16,96 -0,3 no23 August 2012 2 4,04 4,04 0,0 no 16,94 16,96 -0,1 no

03 September 2012 11 4,04 4,04 0,0 no 16,94 16,96 -0,1 no26 September 2012 23 4,02 4,04 -0,1 no 16,97 16,96 0,1 no


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6c.6 [7.6 Availability]

The AMS shall have an availability which meets the requirements of applicable regulations and is in any case ≥ 95 %. For O2, the availability shall be ≥ 98 %. The AMS can be unavailable due to malfunctions, servicing and any kind of zero and span point evaluation and correction. Periods when the monitored process is not operating are excluded.

Equipment


Carrying out the test

The field test was carried out from 6 June 2012 to 26 September 2012. This is equivalent to a total time of 2688 hours.

External outages (plant shutdown from 30 June 2012 to 14 July 2012) amounted to 338 h. Hence, the total operating time was reduced to 2350 h.

The adjustment works conducted on the AMS as part of the performance test took approx. 12 h each.

Evaluation

The availability V in percent was determined according to the following equation:

%100tot

outtot ×−

=t

ttV

where: V Availability in % ttot Total operating time tout Outage time

In addition to the availability presented in terms of percentage, Directive 2001/80/EC (Limitation of Emissions of certain Pollutants into the Air from large Combustion Plants) and Directive 2000/76/EC (Incineration of Waste) define an availability for the current day.

According to Directive 2001/80/EC, a daily mean value is considered invalid if more than 6 half-hourly average values are declared null due to malfunctions or maintenance of the AMS.

Similarly, Directive 2000/76/EC states that a daily mean value is deemed invalid, if more than 5 half-hourly average values are declared null for the same reasons.

With more than 10 invalid days in a year, appropriate measures must be adopted to improve the reliability of the continuous monitoring system.

Assessment

The availability is 99.5 %. This complies with the minimum requirements.


The results of the availability test are presented in Table 32.



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Table 32: Presentation of the availability

AMS: NGA 2000 MLT 2 in the field Component: N2O (certification range = 0 - 196 mg/m³) System 1 System 2

Total operating time ttot h 2350 2350

Outage time t0 - AMS internal setting times h 0 0 - AMS malfunction and repairs h 0 0 - Maintenance, adjustment h 12 12 Availability V % 99.5 99.5


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6c.7 [7.7 Reproducibility]

AMS shall meet the following performance criterion for reproducibility under field conditions. The reproducibility Rf for gaseous compounds shall be ≤ 3.3 % of the upper limit of the certification range. For O2 it shall be ≤ 0.20 Vol.-% (as oxygen volume concentration). Reproducibility shall be determined during the three month field test from simultaneous, continuous measurements by means of two identical AMS at the same measurement point (paired measurements).

Equipment


Method

The test was carried out as part of the field test in the smallest measuring range under test.

The recorded minute mean values were condensed into half-hourly average values, whereby status signals such as measurement, malfunction and maintenance were taken into account. Each half-hourly average value was covered by at least 20 individual values. Measured signals from malfunction, maintenance or test cycles taking place in the AMS were not taken into account for evaluation.

Evaluation

On the basis of all valid paired values, the reproducibility was calculated according to the following equation with a statistical confidence of 95 % for a two-sided t-distribution. Additionally, reproducibility for the measured value range above 30% of the emission limit value for the daily average was calculated.

( )n

xx

s

n

iii

2

2

1,2,1

D

∑=

−

=

D95,0;1field stR n ×= −

Where: x1, i is the ith measured signal of the first measuring system x2, i is the ith measured signal of the second measuring

system n is the number of parallel measurements sD is the standard deviation from paired measurements tn-1, 0,95 is the two-sided Students t-factor at a confidence level of

95 % with a number of degrees of freedom n-1 Rfield is the reproducibility under field conditions

Assessment

The determined reproducibility is 0.7 %. This is equivalent to a RD-value of 139 (according to VDI 4203). This complies with the minimum requirements.

The value of the standard deviation from paired measurements SD = 0.722 mg/m³ is used to calculate the measurement uncertainty in section 6d.



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The results of the reproducibility test are presented in Table 33 and Figure 27.

Table 33: Reproducibility

Component: N2O AMS: NGA 2000 MLT 2 Date of measurement: 6 JUN 2012 to 26 SEP 2012 Certification range CR = 0 - 196 mg/m³ 0 mg/m³ Concentration range System 1 = 0.8 - 541.1 mg/m³ Concentration range System 2 = 0.5 - 541.1 mg/m³ Average System 1 = 325.69 mg/m³ Average System 2 = 326.01 mg/m³ Y = b* x + c Slope b = 0.9998 Axis intercept c = 0.4028 mg/m³ Determination coefficient r = 1.0000 No. of measurements n = 5323

t-value t0.95,n = 1.9604

Standard deviation from paired measurements sD = 0.722 mg/m³

Reproducibility (total) R f = 1.415 mg/m³

related to the CR R f% = 0.7 %

Limit = 3.3 %

Maximum uncertainty u = s D = 0.722 mg/m³

RD total according to VDI 4203 RD = 139


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Figure 27: Graphic representation of the reproducibility



0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

Dev

ice

1 [m

A]

Device 2 [mA]

Reproducibility

<30% ELV Readings Regression



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6c.8 [7.8 Contamination check of in-situ systems]

The response of the AMS to soiling shall be determined in the field test by means of visual checks and, for example, by determining the deviations from the nominal values of the AMS output signal. If required, the AMS shall be provided with recommended air purging systems for three months as part of the field test. At the end of the test, the effect of the contamination shall be evaluated. The results with clean and soiled optical surfaces shall differ by no more than 2 % of the upper limit of the certification range.

Equipment


Method


Evaluation


Assessment

Since the Emerson NGA 2000 MLT 2 measuring system is an extractive AMS, this performance criterion is not relevant. This performance criterion is not relevant for the AMS under test.




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6d Measurement uncertainty

6d.1 [14 Measurement uncertainty]

The values of the uncertainties determined during the field and laboratory test shall be used to determine the combined standard uncertainty of the AMS measured values according to EN ISO 14956. When calculating the combined standard uncertainty, the repeatability in the laboratory or the reproducibility in the field shall be used, whichever is greater. The total uncertainty of the AMS determined from the tests according this standard should be at least 25 % below the maximum permissible uncertainty specified e.g. in applicable regulations. A sufficient margin for the uncertainty contribution from the individual installation of the AMS is necessary to pass QAL2 and QAL3 of EN 14181 successfully. The test laboratory shall report the total uncertainty in relation to the maximum to the maximum permissible uncertainty specified e.g. in applicable regulations for the intended application. The following uncertainty contributions shall be considered for the calculation of the combined standard uncertainty.

No. i Performance characteristic Uncertainty

1 Lack of fit ulof

2 Zero drift from field test ud,z

3 Span drift from field test ud,s

4 Influence of ambient temperature at span ut

5 Influence of sample gas pressure up

6 Influence of sample gas flow uf

7 Influence of supply voltage uv

8 Cross-sensitivity (interference) ui

9 Repeatability standard deviation at span a ur = sr

10 Standard deviation from paired measurements under field conditions a uD = sD

11 Uncertainty of the reference material provided by the manufacturer b urm

12 Excursion of measurement beam b umb

13 Converter efficiency for AMS measuring NOX b uce

14 Variation of response factors (TOC) b urf

a Either the repeatability standard deviation at span or the standard deviation from paired measurements under field conditions is used, whichever is the larger.

b This uncertainty contribution is relevant for specific AMS only.



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Equipment


Method

The extended measurement uncertainty for component N2O was determined according to Standards EN 15267-3:2007 and EN ISO 14956. To this effect, the test results for the values of the performance characteristics determined during performance testing were converted to standard uncertainties, from which the expanded measurement uncertainty was estimated.

Since NO2 is usually considered together with NO, and N2O is a nitrogen oxide as well, a value of 20 % of the NO confidence interval was used.

Evaluation

The estimated expanded measurement uncertainty was compared with the “required quality of measurement” reduced by 25 % as part of the performance test.

The evaluation was carried out in tabular form (see Table 51) basing on the calculation formulae defined in the standard.

In the calculation, either the repeatability at the span point or the standard deviation from paired measurements under field conditions are used, depending on which value is higher.

Table 34 shows the relative total expanded uncertainty for all components tested.

Table 34: Relative total expanded measurement uncertainty for all components

Component Measuring range

Requirement Requirement for performance testing*

Uncertainty

N2O 196 mg/m³ 20 % 15 % 5.3 % * The uncertainty is compared with the requirement reduced by 25% during performance testing

Assessment

The determined total expanded uncertainty of all components lies below the maximum permissible values, and therefore fulfils the requirements. This complies with the minimum requirements.


The calculation of the relative total expanded measurement uncertainty of the individual components is presented in Table 51.


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7. Maintenance work, functional test (AST) and cali bration (QAL2)

7.1 Tasks to be performed during maintenance interv al

� Visual inspections at regular intervals

- check of zero gas supply required for zero point calibration - check of cell and sample gas line temperature - check of analyser flow

� Monthly check of sample gas filter, gas treatment system, sample gas lines and gas line connection

� Monthly span point control by feeding the appropriate test gases

For the rest, the recommendations of the manufacturer shall be followed.

7.2 Functional check and calibration

The following procedure is recommended as functional check and to be performed before calibration:

• Visual inspection of the instrument and sampling system (filter, etc.) • Check of leak tightness by feeding zero and test gas to the probe • Linearity check with zero and test gas of various concentrations • Monthly zero and span drift check with daily zero point adjustment (long-term drift check

after basic calibration) • Determination of lag and response time • Check of data transmission (analogue and status signals) to the evaluation system For details on functional testing and calibrations, please refer to Standard EN 14181. Furthermore, the manufacturer’s instructions shall be followed.

Cologne, 11 October 2012

Dipl.-Ing. Fritz Hausberg Dr. Peter Wilbring



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8. Literature

[1] Uniform Practice in monitoring emissions of the Federal Republic of Germany, provisions on:

� Suitability testing of measuring and evaluation systems for continuous emission measurements, and the continuous acquisition of reference or operational values and for the continuous monitoring of emissions of special substances,

� Installation, calibration and maintenance of continuous measuring and evaluation systems

� Evaluation of continuous emission measurements. Circular from the Federal Environment Ministry (BMU) of June 13, 2005 – IG I 2-45053/5 (Joint Ministerial Gazette [GMBl.] 2005, no. 38, p. 795), last amended by BMU circular of August 4, 2010 – IG I 2-51 134/0.

[2] Standard EN 15267-01:2009 Air quality – Certification of automated measuring systems Part 1: General principles

[3] Standard EN 15267-02:2009 Air quality – Certification of automated measuring systems Part 2: Initial assessment of the AMS manufacturer’s quality management system and post certification surveillance for the manufacturing process

[4] Standard EN 15267-3:2007, Air quality – Certification of automated measuring systems Part 3: Performance criteria and test procedures for automated measuring systems for monitoring emissions from stationary sources

[5] Guideline VDI 4203 Part 1, October 2001, Testing of automated measuring systems, General concepts

[6] Standard EN 14181, July 2004, Stationary source emission – Quality assurance of automated measuring systems

[7] Standard EN ISO 14956, August 2002, Air quality – Evaluation of the suitability of a measurement procedure by comparison with a required measurement uncertainty

[8] Standard EN 15259, October 2007, Air quality – Measurement of stationary source emissions Requirements for measurement sections and sites and for the measurement objective, plan and report


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9. Annex

Figure 28: Certificate of accreditation according to EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005



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Figure 28: Certificate of accreditation according to EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005- page 2


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Figure 29: Test certificate on CE labelling



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Table 35: Data of repeatability standard deviation at zero point

AMS: NGA2000 MLT 2 in the laboratory Component: N2O (certification range = 0 - 196 mg/m³) Date of measurement: 21 MAR 2012

Zero point Time System 1 System 2 hh:mm:ss mA mA

Start 13:40:00 - -

1 13:44:00 4.04 4.02 2 13:45:00 4.03 4.03 3 13:46:00 4.02 4.02 4 13:47:00 4.02 4.03 5 13:48:00 4.01 4.02 6 13:49:00 4.01 4.01 7 13:50:00 4.02 4.02 8 13:51:00 4.01 4.02 9 13:52:00 4.03 4.02

10 13:53:00 4.01 4.04 11 13:54:00 4.01 4.01 12 13:55:00 4.02 4.03 13 13:56:00 4.01 4.02 14 13:57:00 3.98 4.03 15 13:58:00 4.01 4.00 16 13:59:00 4.02 4.00 17 14:00:00 4.02 4.04 18 14:01:00 4.02 4.01 19 14:02:00 4.02 4.02 20 14:03:00 4.02 4.01


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Table 36: Data of repeatability standard deviation at span point

AMS: NGA2000 MLT 2 in the laboratory Component: N2O (certification range = 0 - 196 mg/m³) Date of measurement: 21 MAR 2012

Span point Time System 1 System 2 hh:mm:ss mA mA

Start 14:12:00 - -

1 14:16:00 16.81 16.83 2 14:17:00 16.81 16.84 3 14:18:00 16.81 16.83 4 14:19:00 16.82 16.85 5 14:20:00 16.82 16.84 6 14:21:00 16.84 16.85 7 14:22:00 16.82 16.84 8 14:23:00 16.81 16.83 9 14:24:00 16.82 16.83

10 14:25:00 16.83 16.84 11 14:26:00 16.82 16.84 12 14:27:00 16.82 16.83 13 14:28:00 16.84 16.85 14 14:29:00 16.83 16.84 15 14:30:00 16.80 16.83 16 14:31:00 16.82 16.84 17 14:32:00 16.82 16.84 18 14:33:00 16.80 16.84 19 14:34:00 16.84 16.83 20 14:35:00 16.82 16.85



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Table 37: Data of linearity test for system 1

AMS: NGA 2000 MLT 2 in the laboratory Component: N2O (certification range = 0 - 196 mg/m³) Date of measurement: 21 MAR 2012 with a single run

System 1 1 st run

Time Delta Nominal

value 1st 2nd 3rd ∅ ∅ hh:mm min mA mA mA mA mA mg/m³ 14:52 Start 14:56 4 4.00 4.06 4.06 4.08 4.07 0.82 15:02 6 15.20 15.22 15.23 15.26 15.24 138 15:08 6 10.40 10.51 10.49 10.51 10.50 79.7 15:14 6 4.00 4.02 4.03 4.03 4.03 0.33 15:20 6 13.60 13.68 13.69 13.68 13.68 119 15:26 6 5.60 5.61 5.61 5.61 5.61 19.7 15:32 6 8.80 8.87 8.89 8.87 8.88 59.7 15:38 6 18.40 18.49 18.50 18.52 18.50 178 15:44 6 4.00 4.04 4.06 4.02 4.04 0.49

Table 38: Data of linearity test for system 2

AMS: NGA 2000 MLT 2 in the laboratory Component: N2O (certification range = 0 - 196 mg/m³) Date of measurement: 21 MAR 2012 with a single run

System 2 1 st run

Time Delta Nominal



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Table 39: Data of linearity test for system 1 (supplementary range)

AMS: NGA2000 in the laboratory Component: N2O (measuring range = 0 - 5880 mg/m³) Date of measurement: 23 MAR 2012 with a single run

System 1 1 st run

Time Delta Nominal

value 1st 2nd 3rd ∅ ∅ hh:mm min mA mA mA mA mA mg/m³ 12:18 Start 12:22 4 4.00 4.03 4.03 4.03 4.03 11.0 12:28 6 15.20 15.24 15.24 15.23 15.24 4129 12:34 6 10.40 10.42 10.43 10.42 10.42 2361 12:40 6 4.00 4.03 4.03 4.03 4.03 11.0 12:46 6 13.60 13.62 13.64 13.63 13.63 3539 12:52 6 5.60 5.61 5.60 5.60 5.60 589 12:58 6 8.80 8.80 8.80 8.80 8.80 1764 13:04 6 18.40 18.46 18.49 18.46 18.47 5318 13:10 6 4.00 4.04 4.04 4.04 4.04 14.7

Table 40: Data of linearity test for system 2 (supplementary range)

AMS: NGA2000 in the laboratory Component: N2O (measuring range = 0 - 5880 mg/m³) Date of measurement: 23 MAR 2012 with a single run

System 2 1 st run

Time Delta Nominal

value 1st 2nd 3rd ∅ ∅ hh:mm min mA mA mA mA mA mg/m³ 12:18 Start 12:22 4 4.00 4.02 4.02 4.02 4.02 7.35 12:28 6 15.20 15.23 15.24 15.24 15.24 4129 12:34 6 10.40 10.41 10.42 10.41 10.41 2357 12:40 6 4.00 4.02 4.02 4.02 4.02 7.35 12:46 6 13.60 13.62 13.64 13.62 13.63 3538 12:52 6 5.60 5.59 5.59 5.59 5.59 584 12:58 6 8.80 8.79 8.79 8.79 8.79 1760 13:04 6 18.40 18.45 18.48 18.47 18.47 5317 13:10 6 4.00 4.03 4.03 4.03 4.03 11.0



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Table 41: Data of temperature test

AMS: NGA2000 in the laboratory Component: N2O (certification range = 0 - 196 mg/m³) Date of measurement: 10 APR 2012 to 12 APR 2012 with a single run


1st run Time 1st 2nd 3rd ∅ Nominal 1st 2nd 3rd ∅ Temperature hh:mm mA mA mA mA mg/m³ mA mA mA mA

20 12:16 4.06 4.05 4.06 4.06 176.4 17.05 17.05 17.07 17.06 5 08:04 4.17 4.16 4.17 4.17 176.4 16.67 16.66 16.67 16.67

20 16:22 4.07 4.10 4.09 4.09 176.4 16.58 16.57 16.59 16.58 40 08:04 3.94 3.94 3.95 3.94 176.4 16.44 16.42 16.46 16.44 20 16:08 4.14 4.13 4.13 4.13 176.4 16.74 16.76 16.76 16.75


1st run Time 1st 2nd 3rd ∅ Nominal 1st 2nd 3rd ∅ Temperature hh:mm mA mA mA mA mg/m³ mA mA mA mA

20 12:16 4.03 4.03 4.01 4.02 176 16.95 16.96 16.94 16.95 5 08:04 4.04 4.03 4.02 4.03 176.4 16.49 16.48 16.50 16.49

20 16:22 4.06 4.04 4.06 4.05 176.4 16.49 16.52 16.49 16.50 40 08:04 4.10 4.07 4.08 4.08 176.4 16.48 16.51 16.50 16.50 20 16:08 4.01 4.04 4.01 4.02 176.4 16.60 16.59 16.62 16.60


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Table 42: Data of test on influence of sample gas flow

AMS: NGA2000 in the laboratory Component: N2O (certification range = 0 - 196 mg/m³) Date of measurement: 22 MAR 2012 with a single run

Zero point System 1 System 2 1st run Time 1st 2nd 3rd ∅ ∅ 1st 2nd 3rd ∅ ∅ l/min hh:mm mA mA mA mA mg/m³ mA mA mA mA mg/m³ 0.5 12:32 4.01 4.01 4.01 4.01 0.12 4.02 4.02 4.02 4.02 0.24 0.2 13:14 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 0.00 4.02 4.01 4.00 4.01 0.12

Span point System 1 System 2

1st run Time 1st 2nd 3rd ∅ ∅ 1st 2nd 3rd ∅ ∅ l/min hh:mm mA mA mA mA mg/m³ mA mA mA mA mg/m³ 0.5 12:39 16.83 16.87 16.86 16.85 157.45 16.84 16.87 16.88 16.86 157.58 0.2 13:21 16.87 16.90 16.89 16.89 157.86 16.92 16.91 16.92 16.92 158.23

Table 43: Data of test on influence of voltage supply

AMS: NGA2000 in the laboratory Component: N2O (certification range = 0 - 196 mg/m³) Date of measurement: 23 MAR 2012 with a single run

Zero point System 1 System 2 1st run Time 1st 2nd 3rd ∅ ∅ 1st 2nd 3rd ∅ ∅ Volt hh:mm mA mA mA mA mg/m³ mA mA mA mA mg/m³ 230 08:50 4.01 3.99 4.01 4.00 0.04 4.00 4.02 4.02 4.01 0.16 242 09:04 4.01 3.99 3.99 4.00 -0.04 4.03 4.04 4.02 4.03 0.37 253 09:18 3.99 3.98 3.98 3.98 -0.20 4.05 4.02 4.04 4.04 0.45 219 09:32 4.01 4.00 3.98 4.00 -0.04 4.06 4.05 4.06 4.06 0.69 207 09:46 3.98 3.98 3.98 3.98 -0.25 4.06 4.06 4.07 4.06 0.78 196 10:00 4.00 3.98 3.98 3.99 -0.16 4.08 4.07 4.08 4.08 0.94

Span point System 1 System 2

1st run Time 1st 2nd 3rd ∅ ∅ 1st 2nd 3rd ∅ ∅ Volt hh:mm mA mA mA mA mg/m³ mA mA mA mA mg/m³ 230 08:57 16.90 16.92 16.87 16.90 157.98 16.97 16.96 16.95 16.96 158.76 242 09:11 16.87 16.88 16.87 16.87 157.70 16.95 16.97 16.97 16.96 158.80 253 09:25 16.86 16.90 16.92 16.89 157.94 16.96 16.97 16.96 16.96 158.80 219 09:39 16.87 16.89 16.87 16.88 157.74 16.95 16.97 16.99 16.97 158.88 207 09:53 16.88 16.85 16.87 16.87 157.62 16.96 16.98 17.00 16.98 159.01 196 10:07 16.87 16.85 16.87 16.86 157.58 17.00 17.01 16.98 17.00 159.21



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Table 44: Data of cross-sensitivity test for system 1

AMS: NGA2000 in the laboratory Component: N2O (certification range = 0 - 196 mg/m³) Date of measurement: 27 MAR 2012 to 29 MAR 2012

System 1 Zero point

Nominal

value 1st 2nd 3rd ∅ ∅ Interferent mg/m³ mA mA mA mA mg/m³

O2 21 Vol.-% -0.29 3.96 3.96 3.96 3.96 -0.49

H2O 3 Vol.-% 0.20 4.05 4.06 4.05 4.05 0.65 CO 300 mg/m³ -0.12 4.14 4.13 4.13 4.13 1.63

CO2 10 Vol.-% -0.37 4.38 4.36 4.38 4.37 4.57

CH4 50 mg/m³ -0.37 3.97 3.97 3.96 3.97 -0.41 NO 300 mg/m³ -0.37 3.96 3.98 3.98 3.97 -0.33

NO2 30 mg/m³ -0.37 3.95 3.97 3.97 3.96 -0.45

NH3 20 mg/m³ -0.37 3.98 3.96 3.96 3.97 -0.41

SO2 1000 mg/m³ -0.37 3.97 3.98 3.96 3.97 -0.37

HCl 200 mg/m³ -0.37 3.99 3.96 3.97 3.97 -0.33

System 1 Span point

Nominal


O2 21 Vol.-% 156.0 16.85 16.85 16.85 16.85 157.4

H2O 3 Vol.-% 157.0 16.89 16.87 16.85 16.87 157.7 CO 300 mg/m³ 156.4 16.84 16.84 16.85 16.84 157.3

CO2 10 Vol.-% 158.4 17.21 17.18 17.21 17.20 161.7

CH4 50 mg/m³ 157.0 16.79 16.79 16.79 16.79 156.7 NO 300 mg/m³ 156.2 16.68 16.70 16.69 16.69 155.5

NO2 30 mg/m³ 157.9 16.91 16.91 16.91 16.91 158.1

NH3 20 mg/m³ 157.8 16.89 16.87 16.90 16.89 157.9

SO2 1000 mg/m³ 158.0 16.88 16.89 16.86 16.88 157.7

HCl 200 mg/m³ 158.0 16.88 16.85 16.82 16.85 157.4


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Table 45: Data of cross-sensitivity test for system 2

AMS: NGA2000 in the laboratory Component: N2O (certification range = 0 - 196 mg/m³) Date of measurement: 27 MAR 2012 to 29 MAR 2012

System 2 Zero point

Nominal


O2 21 Vol.-% 0.57 4.01 4.01 4.02 4.01 0.16

H2O 3 Vol.-% 0.49 4.03 4.02 4.02 4.02 0.29 CO 300 mg/m³ 0.24 4.16 4.16 4.17 4.16 2.00

CO2 10 Vol.-% -0.12 4.30 4.28 4.28 4.29 3.51

CH4 50 mg/m³ -0.12 4.05 4.03 4.03 4.04 0.45 NO 300 mg/m³ -0.12 4.04 4.02 4.03 4.03 0.37

NO2 30 mg/m³ -0.12 4.02 4.03 4.05 4.03 0.41

NH3 20 mg/m³ -0.12 4.03 4.03 4.03 4.03 0.37

SO2 1000 mg/m³ -0.12 4.01 4.04 4.03 4.03 0.33

HCl 200 mg/m³ -0.12 4.07 4.06 4.05 4.06 0.73

System 2 Span point

Nominal


O2 21 Vol.-% 156.3 16.85 16.86 16.88 16.86 157.6

H2O 3 Vol.-% 157.0 16.87 16.85 16.86 16.86 157.5 CO 300 mg/m³ 156.5 16.89 16.87 16.89 16.88 157.8

CO2 10 Vol.-% 158.6 17.09 17.09 17.10 17.09 160.4

CH4 50 mg/m³ 157.3 16.83 16.80 16.83 16.82 157.0 NO 300 mg/m³ 156.4 16.71 16.70 16.71 16.71 155.7

NO2 30 mg/m³ 158.4 16.92 16.94 16.93 16.93 158.4

NH3 20 mg/m³ 158.1 16.91 16.91 16.93 16.92 158.2

SO2 1000 mg/m³ 158.2 16.90 16.89 16.88 16.89 157.9

HCl 200 mg/m³ 158.3 16.89 16.87 16.84 16.87 157.6



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Table 46: Calibration data for N2O

AMS: NGA2000 MLT 2 in the field Component: N2O (measuring range = 0 - 588 mg/m³)

1st calibration Date Time Air Temp. SRM System 1 System 2

Start pressure std. dry

No. hh:mm hPa °C mg/m³ mA mA

1 19 JUN 2012 09:00 982 21 340.0 14.05 14.05

2 19 JUN 2012 10:12 982 21 341.0 14.10 14.09

3 19 JUN 2012 11:15 982 21 301.0 13.25 13.24

4 19 JUN 2012 12:20 982 21 310.0 13.47 13.46

5 19 JUN 2012 13:30 982 21 349.0 13.84 13.87

6 20 JUN 2012 08:25 983 21 312.0 13.61 13.60

7 20 JUN 2012 12:08 983 21 289.0 13.32 13.33

8 20 JUN 2012 13:30 983 21 340.0 13.91 13.90

9 20 JUN 2012 14:30 983 21 317.0 13.80 13.78

10 20 JUN 2012 15:30 983 21 332.0 13.94 13.93

11 21 JUN 2012 08:15 982 21 350.0 13.88 13.87

12 21 JUN 2012 09:15 982 21 304.0 13.84 13.84

13 21 JUN 2012 10:25 982 21 356.0 14.14 14.14

14 21 JUN 2012 12:50 982 21 373.0 14.55 14.55

15 21 JUN 2012 13:50 982 21 326.0 14.08 14.08

Zero 0.0 4.03 4.04

2nd calibration Date Time Air Temp. SRM System 1 System 2

Start pressure std. dry

No. hh:mm hPa °C mg/m³ mA mA

1 21 AUG 2012 08:56 1001 21 371.0 13.56 13.62

2 21 AUG 2012 11:15 1001 21 334.0 13.34 13.39

3 21 AUG 2012 13:25 999 21 361.0 13.31 13.35

4 21 AUG 2012 14:25 998 21 351.0 13.47 13.50

5 21 AUG 2012 15:25 997 21 330.0 13.42 13.49

6 22 AUG 2012 08:20 996 21 343.0 13.50 13.59

7 22 AUG 2012 09:20 996 21 369.0 13.57 13.67

8 22 AUG 2012 11:22 997 21 377.0 13.70 13.76

9 22 AUG 2012 13:07 997 21 340.0 13.63 13.71

10 22 AUG 2012 15:30 997 21 377.0 13.75 13.80

11 23 AUG 2012 08:25 999 21 387.0 13.36 13.40

12 23 AUG 2012 09:30 999 21 361.0 13.38 13.42

13 23 AUG 2012 10:32 999 21 346.0 13.46 13.51

14 23 AUG 2012 11:32 999 21 368.0 13.45 13.49

15 23 AUG 2012 12:32 999 21 362.0 13.27 13.32

Zero 0.0 4.03 4.04


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Table 47: Data of linearity test at the beginning of the field test (0 - 196 mg/m³)

AMS: NGA 2000 MLT 2 in the field 1 Component: N2O (certification range = 0 - 196 mg/m³) Date of measurement: 20 JUN 2012

System 1

Time Delta Nominal


System 2

Time Delta Nominal




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Table 48: Data of linearity test at the beginning of the field test (0 - 588 mg/m³)

AMS: NGA 2000 MLT 2 in the field 1 Component: N2O (measuring range = 0 - 588 mg/m³) Date of measurement: 20 JUN 2012

System 1

Time Delta Nominal

value 1st 2nd 3rd ∅ ∅ hh:mm min mA mA mA mA mA mg/m³ 11:06 Start 11:10 4 4.00 4.05 4.04 4.04 4.04 1.59 11:16 6 15.20 15.59 15.59 15.59 15.59 426 11:22 6 10.40 10.77 10.77 10.77 10.77 249 11:28 6 4.00 4.05 4.05 4.05 4.05 1.84 11:34 6 13.60 13.96 13.97 13.96 13.96 366 11:40 6 5.60 5.98 5.98 5.98 5.98 72.8 11:46 6 8.80 9.15 9.15 9.15 9.15 189 11:52 6 18.40 18.85 18.84 18.85 18.85 546 11:58 6 4.00 4.05 4.05 4.05 4.05 1.84

System 2

Time Delta Nominal



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Table 49: Data of linearity test at the end of the field test (0 - 196 mg/m³)

AMS: NGA 2000 MLT 2 in the field 2 Component: N2O (certification range = 0 - 196 mg/m³) Date of measurement: 22 AUG 2012

System 1

Time Delta Nominal


System 2

Time Delta Nominal




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Table 50: Data of linearity test at the end of the field test (0 - 588 mg/m³)

AMS: NGA 2000 MLT 2 in the field 2 Component: N2O (measuring range = 0 - 588 mg/m³) Date of measurement: 22 AUG 2012

System 1

Time Delta Nominal


System 2

Time Delta Nominal



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Table 51: Calculation of total uncertainty

Measuring systemManufacturer EmersonName of measuring system NGA2000 MLT 2Serial number of the candidates 3601203135496 / 3601203136462Measuring principle IR

Test reportTest laboratoryDate of report

Measured component N2O

Certification range 0 - 196 mg/m³

Sum of positive CS at zero point 6.68 mg/m³Sum of negative CS at zero point 0.00 mg/m³Sum of postive CS at reference point 5.59 mg/m³Sum of negative CS at reference point 0.00 mg/m³Maximum sum of cross sensitivities 6.68 mg/m³Uncertainty of cross sensitivity 3.859 mg/m³

Calculation of the combined standard uncertaintyTested parameter u² Standard deviation from paired measurements under field conditions * uD 0.722 mg/m³ 0.521 (mg/m³)²Lack of fit ulof 0.294 mg/m³ 0.086 (mg/m³)²Zero drift from field test ud,z -0.453 mg/m³ 0.205 (mg/m³)²Span drift from field test ud,s -2.150 mg/m³ 4.623 (mg/m³)²Influence of ambient temperature at span ut 2.234 mg/m³ 4.991 (mg/m³)²Influence of supply voltage uv 0.522 mg/m³ 0.272 (mg/m³)²Cross sensitivity (interference) ui 3.859 mg/m³ 14.890 (mg/m³)²Influence of sample gas flow up 0.377 mg/m³ 0.142 (mg/m³)²Uncertainty of reference material at 70% of certification range urm 1.584 mg/m³ 2.510 (mg/m³)²*

Combined standard uncertainty (uC) 5.31 mg/m³Total expanded uncertainty U = uc * k = uc * 1.96 10.42 mg/m³

Relative total expanded uncertainty U in % of the range 196 mg/m³ 5.3Requirement of 2000/76/EC and 2001/80/EC U in % of the range 196 mg/m³ 20.0 **Requirement of EN 15267-3 U in % of the range 196 mg/m³ 15.0

**The chosen value is recommended by the certification body.For this component no requirements in the EC-directives 2001/80/EG und 2000/76/EG are given.

The larger value is used : "Repeatability standard deviation at span" or "Standard deviation from paired measurements under field conditions"

Evaluation of the cross sensitivity (CS)(system with largest CS)

2012-10-11

21219398/A_Entwurf

TÜV Rheinland

Calculation of overall uncertainty according to EN 14181 and EN 15267-3

( )∑= 2jmax,c uu



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