tokenizing and liberating the mobile data market · 24/02/2018 · three disruption megatrends on...
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TokensaleWhitepaper10July2017
Copyright©2017DENTWIRELESSLTD
TOKENIZING AND LIBERATING THE MOBILE DATA MARKET
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“WeareheretoputaDENTintheUniverse.”SteveJobs
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TableofContents
1. Executivesummary..............................................................................................................................4
2. AbouttheCompany.............................................................................................................................6
2.1 TheDENTWirelessTeam.............................................................................................................6
2.2 TheDENTAdvisoryTeam.............................................................................................................8
3. Powertothepeople–telco’smostvaluableasset..............................................................................9
4. OurroadmaptolaunchandscaleDENT............................................................................................10
5. Theworld-widecurrencyformobiledataexchange–TheDENTToken...........................................11
6. DENTfordevelopingmarkets–"GigabytesforAfrica"......................................................................12
7. TheDENTTokensaledetails..............................................................................................................13
8. DrivingforcesforappreciationordepreciationoftheDENTToken..................................................15
9. DENTleveragingkeydriversofthetelcoindustry.............................................................................16
9.1 Keydriversandtrendsinthetelecommunicationsindustry—Pre-cursorstoa“perfectstorm”forDENTWireless.......................................................................................................................16
9.2 WhyMobileRoamingupfordisruption–andtheroleofDENT................................................20
9.3 Summaryofmobileoperatorbenefits:Revenueincreaseatlowercost...................................21
10. Technology–Architecture.............................................................................................................22
10.1 ArchitectureOverview...............................................................................................................22
10.2 ComponentOverview................................................................................................................22
10.3 DENTExchangeComponentStructure’......................................................................................23
10.4 Ethereumsmartcontracts..........................................................................................................25
10.5 VirtualOperator/Telco.............................................................................................................25
11. Technology-DENTexchangeusecases&workflows....................................................................26
11.1 User-to-userdatapackagetransactions.....................................................................................26
11.2 Telcodataroaming,datapackagetransferfromusertouserinternationally...........................27
11.3 DENTExchangeInitialDataOffering(IDO)fortelcos.................................................................27
12. Summary........................................................................................................................................28
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1. ExecutivesummaryThe world is changing, barriers are falling, the usage of the Ethereum Blockchain and SmartContracts is removing themiddle-menand reducing costs across several industries. Banks arechangingthewaytheydotransactionswhiletheindustryisreducingcomplexityinmanufacturing,supplychainand logistics.Thiswhitepaperdescribes theDENTExchangewearebuilding: thetransparentmarketplaceforselling,buyinganddonatingmobiledatapackages.
Mobiledataisthenextcommoditytobeliberated
Mobiledataaccessisbecominganessentialhumanneed,asmuchashotwaterandelectricity.However,accordingtoGSMA, in2016still lessthanhalfoftheworld’spopulationusesmobiledata.Fordatausers,usagevaryvastlyacrossgeographies,whichshowsthehugepotentialtobeunlocked.Reasonsare,besidesnetworkavailabilityandhandsetaffordability,theperceivedhighcostofdata,whichvariesfrombelow1USD/GBtowellabove10USD/GBbetweenoperatorsandregionsfordomesticusage.Furthermore,operatorsarelocking-incustomerswithrigiddataofferingsthataremadetoexpirewhenunusedwithinagiventime,which leadtoevenhigherprices/GBthatcustomerseffectivelypay.Asaconsequenceofthecustomerlock-in,datausageabroadcanbecomeprohibitivelyexpensivewithprices/GBinthehundredsorthousandsofUSD.Allthisgeneratesbillionsofdollarsprofitforoperatorsbutinhibitsunlockingthefullpotentialofmobiledata.
We want users to own their mobile data and bandwidth.Theyneedtobeabletofreelysellordonateunuseddatatootherusers.
World-wide.ThreeDisruptionMegatrendsonMobileOperatorBusinessthatDENTisaddressing
1.LiberationofMobileData.DENTenablesa“DataSharingEconomy”whereusersareabletofreelybuy,sellanddonatetheirmobiledata,fromanyusertoanyuser.TheDENTExchangeactsas horizontalmarketplace for trading ofmobile data. TheDENT Tokenwill be theworld-widecurrencyforMobileDatabetweentelcosandtheusercommunity.
2.DisruptionofinternationalRoaming.DENTfacilitatestheremovalofdataroamingcostdrivers,suchasexpensiveroutingsbetweentelcos.Forexample,with localdatabreak-out,theforeign
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telcoterminatestheusertrafficdirectlytothe internet, insteadofroutingthepay-loadtothehometelco.
3. Facilitation ofmobile data purchase. DENT enables automated purchase capability of datapackages for consumers and IoT devices. The user always gets the best price from themostsuitableoperatorinhisregion,withouthavingtoworryaboutbuyingtoomuchortoolittledata.OperatorscaneasilyconnectwiththeDENTplatformtoserveaglobalcustomerbase,withouttheneedtoestablishsilo'edownplatforms.
DENTdrivenliberationofthemobiledatamarkettowardsanopenmarketplace
DENTwillbetheglobalexchangeformobiledatawhere-inthefinalscale-theworld’smobiledataissold,boughtordonated,justlikeothercommoditiessuchascurrenciesaretradedtoday.DENTwillmakedatapricingtransparent,andthroughautomatedbiddingincreasesefficiencyofpurchase,justlikespotmarketsandmobileadvertisingtoday.
DENTTokenswillbetheglobalcurrencyfortheexchangeofmobiledatapackages.Thepossibilityofexchangingapackagetoamoresuitableone,especiallyintheadventofeSIMswillallowtheuseofmultipleoperatorsonasinglephonewilldrivetelcostocompete.
MobileDataLiberation–DENTaimstoturnunused$4.8BillionUSDpermonthintousage
AccordingtoarecentstudyofCISCO,theworld-widemobiledatagrewyearonyear63%to7.2billionGigabytespermonthinDecember2016.AccordingtoastudyofParksAssociates,mobileoperator data revenues stood at $386 billion USD in 2015, equivalent to $32 billion USD permonth.Assumingjust15%tobeunusedduetoexpiry,inawayuserslostavalueof$4.8billionUSD.Inamoretransparentandconnectedmarket,thisvalueshallbeunlockedtodrivemobiledatausage.
References:CISCOstudyaboutdatatraffic:http://bit.ly/1W26UQoParksAssociatesStudyofMobileDataRevenue2015-2010:http://bit.ly/2sGwaar
Laypersoncomparisontogasoline
Thegasolinemarketisalsocontrolledbyafewcompanies,butifyoubuy100litersofgasoline,youcanusethegasolineasyouwantorpassitonasyoulike.Thisisunlikemobiledatatoday,whereyoucannotgiveyourunusedcapacitytosomeoneelse.Someroll-overorpoolinghasbeenintroducedbuttheseremainislandsand–inthecaseofdataroll-over,datawillstillexpireifnotusedinthefollowingmonth.
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2. AbouttheCompanyDENTWirelessLtd,basedinHongKong,wasfoundedin2014asCommandoCoderLtdwhenTeroKatajainendecidedtodevelopanautomatedFOREXtradingsystemwithbuilt-inriskmanagementfunctions.PartsofthisproductarenowbeingintegratedintotheDENTExchangetoallowbuying,selling,anddonatingofmobiledatapackagesonthemarketplace.In2017,theotherfoundersinvestedinthecompanyandjoinedTerointheadventuretodevelopandbringDENTExchangetotheworld.
2.1 TheDENTWirelessTeamTheDENTTeamisauniquecombinationofserialentrepreneurs,industryveterans,specialistsinEthereumsmartcontracts,open-sourceapplications,paymentsystems,mobileappsandsecurelarge-scaletransactionsystems.
TeroKatajainen,CEOandFounder
DENTWireless CEO and Founder, Tero Katajainen, originating fromFinland,hasco-foundedseveralInternetstartupsinhis20-yearcareer.He holds aMaster of Science degree in Electrical Engineering fromUniversity of Tampere, Finland. His deep knowledge about FOREXtradingsystemsisabigadvantageforDENT.Terowasalsooneofthefirst developers ever to implement directmobile operator paymentsystems to consumer applications. As a specialist for transactionalsystemsandBlockchain,TeroisthemastermindofalltechatDENT.
MikkoLinnamäki,Co-Founder
DENTWireless is backed byMikko Linnamäki, Internet pioneer andserialentrepreneurwithatrackrecordoffoundingsuccessfulInternetbusinesses since 1994. Mikko, also from Finland, is Co-founder ofDOVECOT Oy, the company behind DOVECOT, the world‘s mostpopular IMAP Serverwith aworldmarket share of 72% andover 4millioninstallations.Anestimated2,5billionusersareentrustingtheirEmailstoragetoDovecoteveryday.Mikkorecentlyreceivedapatentforhisinvention"AdHocInjectionofIMAPObjects".
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AndreasVollmer,Co-Founder
Andreas is the Mobile specialist in the team with 12 years’experiencedevelopingMobileApps, fromSymbian in2005 to iOSandAndroidtoday.AndreasisCo-FounderofleadingGermanmobileappdevelopment company TDSoftware,which is developing appsfor companies such asMercedes-Benz, Audi, Deutsche Post, GLS,andothers.Andreas isalsoanexpert inmobileCRMsystems,andwill deploy the latest tools to analyze user behavior in order toaccelerateusergrowthandhittargetmetrics.
MichaelWirth,DirectorPaymentSystems,GMUK&Ireland
Michaelistakingcareoftheperfectflow,analytics,andeasyuserexperiencefortheexchangeofDENTTokensinourcustomer-andcarrier-facingapplicationsonmobile,WebandM2M.Michaelhas20yearsofexperience in large-scaletransactionprojects.HewasDirector of Products and Services at eNett International, aTravelportcompanyandleadingspecialistforpaymentsolutionsinthetravelindustry.
VilleSundell,SmartContractSpecialist
VilleisaFinnishsmartcontractdeveloperwhohaspioneeredsmartcontract based legal entities, being the first to create companiessolelyontheEthereumblockchainwithoutanyhumaninterventionthroughEtherprisesLLC.Villehasover10yearsofexperienceonlimited and mission critical embedded systems ranging fromautomotive to mobile systems, being the ideal background forsecuresmartcontractdevelopment.
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2.2 TheDENTAdvisoryTeam
Dr.RainerDeutschmann,Advisor
Rainer advises DENT Wireless on how to create a long-termsustainable and scalable businesswhich creates awin-win for allmarketparticipants–customers,telcosandDENT.Hebringsin20years of experience in consulting, telco and tech industries, atcompanies like McKinsey, Deutsche Telekom and Reliance In-dustries.Rainerheldseniorexecutivepositionsinstrategy,productand innovation across mature and developing markets. Mostrecently, as Chief Product & Innovation Officer, Rainer with hisfellow leadership team launched Reliance Jio, the 25 billion EURtelecomanddigitalservicesventureofReliance,andacquired100millioncustomerswithinsixmonths.Jiodisruptsthetelcolandscapetodemocratizemobilebroadbandforthe1.3billionpeopleinIndia.
RansuSalovaara,CEOofTokenMarket
Ransu is a financial industry executive specializing in crypto-currencies,digitalassets,andblockchaintechnology.HelaunchedEurope’s first Bitcoin-backed Exchange Traded Instrument,BitcoinETI,thatislistedontheGibraltarStockExchangeaswellastradedontheFrankfurtStockExchange.TokenMarket isan infor-mation,crowdsale,andexchangeplatformfordigitalassets.
MikkoOhtamaa,CTOofTokenMarket.net,cryptotechnologyspecialist
Mikko is Co-Founder and CTO of TokenMarket and an earlyblockchain and Bitcoin expert, as well as Python and JavaScriptdeveloperandanOpenSourceadvocate, takingcareof thebackendsystemsoftheTokenSalesontheirplatform.
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3. Powertothepeople–telco’smostvaluableassetDENTgathersmobileoperators’users intoa collectivegroupwithbilliondollarbuyingpower,givingtargetedglobalpartnershipssufficientweight
Themostvaluableassetforthemobileoperatorsisyou,thecustomer.Thevalueofacustomerisdeterminedbyhisaveragespendpermonth (ARPU),how longhestayswithanoperator (theinverseofwhatiscalled“churnrate”),andthecustomeracquisitionandretentioncost.Takingglobalaveragesofabout10USDpermonthblendedARPU,a25%annualchurnrate,andcustomeracquisition and retention cost of 20% of operator service revenues, the lifetime value of acustomerisapprox.$460USD.Nooperatorwantstorisklosingthisvalue.
Ourstrategytoliberatingthedatamarketstartswithyou,andensuressufficientnegotiationpowerwiththetelcos
• WeinviteanduniteusersintheDENTcommunity• The DENT community represents a “union” of telco customers, which leverages its
collectivepowertoliberalizemobiledata• The DENT team represents the DENT community in partnership negotiations with the
telcos• Assumingastartwithevenjustafewmillioncustomers,theDENTcommunityrepresents
acollectivebuyingpowerof$460USDperuser,reachinghundredsofmillionUSDatstakeforatelco
• Telcoswillwanttosecureandgrowthisvalue,ratherthanhandingitofftoamoreopenandinnovativepeerplayers
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4. OurroadmaptolaunchandscaleDENTPhase1:DevelopmentandDENTuseracquisition
• OrganizemobileoperatorcustomersinkeycountriesintoacollectivepowerbyacquiringmemberswiththehelpoftheDENTTokensaleandotherincentives,suchassign-updatabonusofoperatorpartners
• Launch the DENT Exchange on Ethereum blockchain for buying, selling, and donatingmobiledatapackages
• Partnerwithtelcostooffermobiledatapackagesandenableuser-to-userdatatransfer
Phase2:EnrichdomesticofferingviatheDENTExchange
• GrowDENTcommunityandoperatorpartnerbasetoallowtheirusers to transferdatapackagesevenacrossnetworks
• Formulti-nationaloperatorpartners,theDENTExchangerepresentsanidealplatformtofacilitateinternationaldatatransferfortheiruserbase
• EnableuserstodonateexcessdataasDENTs,e.g.topeopleindevelopingcountriesPhase3:ProvideinternationaldataoffersviaDENTExchange
• Lobbywithpublicbodies,suchasEUregulation(whichsuccessfullyenforced“roamlikeathome”andremovedroaming feeswithin theEU)andgovernmentsofkeycountries todiscussrulesfordataliberationfortheircitizens
• Continueaddingmoreuserstothenetwork,startinterconnectingdomesticDENTmarketstocreatetheinternationalDENTExchange
• Allowuserstointernationallysellandbuydatapackages• àDENTTokenisthestandardinstrumentforworld-widemobiledataexchange
AsimpleusecaseofhowDENTExchangewillworkinternationally:
Mike is a customer of aUS carrier, he owns 2,000DENT Tokens. As he lands in Australia, heaccessestheDENTmarketplaceattheairportthoughWi-Fiandbuysthemobiledataheneeds.Thisdatacould,forexample,havebeenofferedbyJane,whoisacustomerofanAustraliancarrier.Mikeneedsnoextraagreementswithanycarrier,noSIMcardchanges,hejuststartstousehisphoneontheAustraliannetwork.JaneishappytoearnDENTsandwillspendthemonhernexttriptoEuropeduringhersummerholidays.Mike’sUScarrierearnstransactionfees,andJane’sAustraliancarrierhasincreasedhisutilizationagainsthisrespectivecostshare.
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5. Theworld-widecurrencyformobiledataexchange–TheDENTTokenThe currency used in trading, the DENT Token, iswhat powers the platform. The actual sale,purchase and donation of data packages enters the Ethereum blockchain, utilizing ETH. Theinstruments, i.e. data packages, will be Smart Contracts in the Ethereum blockchain. DENTExchangewilldriveEthereumSmartContracts,effectivelymakingthesystemablockchain-basedtradingplatform.ThecrowdsalewillallowparticipantstopurchaseDENTwithalowstartingprice,beforeitbecomesusedintheexchange.
Shouldtheexchangebecomeade-factoplacefortradingmobiledatabandwidth,itwouldthenbecometheprincipalmethodfordeterminingthefloatingpriceofmobiledataworldwide.Telcos,marketparticipants,andend-userswillallinteractinatruemarketdrivenwaytodeterminethecurrentprice.Eventuallythiswill leadtoincreasedcompetition,providingnewpackagestotheexchangeandfurtherenabletheDENTExchangetobecomethedominantforceinthemobiledataspace,utilizingtheDENTcurrency.
WhatcanusersdowiththeDENTTokens?
• WhentheDENTExchangeislive,userswillbeabletouseDENTTokenstobuyandselldataonaninternationalmarketplace.
• Inthebuild-upphase,usersobtainDENTTokenstoparticipateintheDENTcommunitytousethecollectivepowertogetherwithfellowmobileuserstodemanddataliberationandchangesinthewaythetelcosdobusinesswithmobiledata.
• DENTTokenscanbeacquiredatthecrowdsaleorlaterfrommarketplaces.• TheDENTmobileappservesasthecentralinterfaceforuserstobuy,sellordonatemobile
datapackages.MobileappdownloadsarebeingincentivizedwithDENTTokens.
Image:TheDENTMobileApp
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6. DENTfordevelopingmarkets–"GigabytesforAfrica"DENTaimsfordonationsofunusedmobiledatatotheonesthatneeditDENTwantstohelpthedevelopingworldbyprovidingaccesstomobiledata.Datapackagesmaybe donated through the exchange by the users. We will look for strategic partnerships withoperatorsenablingaccesstoinformationinruralareas.In‘TheSustainableDevelopmentGoal9’oftheUnitedNations,theUNcallsforbuildingresilientinfrastructure, promoting inclusive and sustainable industrialization and fostering innovation.Mobiledataisspecificallymentionedasakeycomponentinthesegoals:“Infrastructure and economic development also rely on information and communicationstechnology.Mobile cellular services have spread rapidly around the world, allowing people inpreviouslyunconnectedareastojointheglobalinformationsociety.By2015,thepercentageofthepopulationlivinginareascoveredbymobilebroadbandnetworksstoodat69percentglobally.Inruralareas,thesharewasonly29percent."
Source:ReportoftheSecretary-General,ProgresstowardstheSustainableDevelopmentGoals,E/2016/75
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7. TheDENTTokenSaledetails• EstimatedtokenvalueinETHofferedinthistokensale:152,000ETH,
(subjecttovariationsthroughthecrowdsale)• 100Billion(100,000,000,000)totalDENTTokenscreated,ofwhich70%aresoldinthe
tokensale(presale+publictokensale)TheCompanywillconductapublicsaleofTokens(the"Crowdsale"),whichwillbeginat21:00HKT(13:00UTC)onJuly12,2017(the"CrowdsaleLaunchDate")andendat06:59HKT(22:59UTC,July26)onJuly27,2017(the"CrowdsaleEndDate")orwhen70,000,000,000DENT("DENT")Tokenshasbeensold,whicheverisearlier.
• ExchangeRate:1ETH=400,000DENT*• TokenType:Appstokentopurchaseandsellmobiledatapackages• 30%ofDENTtokensremainattheCompanyfortelcoacquisitionandmarketseeding,user
incentives,salariesandbonuses.
• AnyTokensthatremainunsoldatthecrowdsaleenddate(26July2017),willbeaddedtotheCompanyInventoryandwillremaininalockedstateforatleastsixmonthsfromthecrowdsaleenddate.25%ofthetotalamountoftheunsoldtokenswillbereleasedfromthelockupquarterly,firsttimeatthedateof6monthsafterthecrowdsaleenddate.
• TheCompanywillpledge1Billion,or1%oftheDENTTokenstofurthertheUNSDGprogramforthepurposeofenablingmobiledataaccessindevelopingcountries
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• Bonus Tiers: DENT Bonus tiers allocate bonus tokens to buyers as per the following
schedulebasedonsoldvolumeinETH:• Tier1:Upto45,000ETH:10%tokensasabonus• Tier2:From45,000ETHandupto90,000ETH:5%tokensasabonus• Tier3:From90,000ETH:NobonusTokens
• Notokenswilleverbeaddedtothesupply. • FounderswillnottakeanyDENTTokensoffthetable.*TheconversionrateETH/DENTwillchangeduringthecrowdsaleduetothebonusdiscounts.Thispriceiswithoutanydiscounts
TimelineoftheDENTTokensale:
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8. DrivingforcesforappreciationordepreciationoftheDENTTokenAstheDENTTokencomefromalimitedpoolandthemarkethasthepossibilitytoexpandasmoreandmoredatapackagesareintroducedintoDENTExchangeandasthosedatapackageshaveapriceinFIATcurrencies,thepriceofDENTagainstthosecurrenciesmightriseduetothegrowingdemandinfaceoflimitedsupply.Formarketparticipants,thispresentsauniqueopportunitytoleverageanexistingmarket.
ThevalueofDENTmayappreciateordepreciateIfmobiledataproductsarerelativelycheapertobuyfromtheDENTExchangeratherthanfromcurrentmarkets,orpackagesbecomemoreattractiveduetof.e.xbeingabletosellexcessdata,userswillneedtobuyDENTTokenstobuythosepackages.TheamountofDENTavailablewillnotincrease,thismightcausethevalueofDENTtoappreciateduetoincreaseddemand,thesupplybeingfixed.
WithDENTbeingthetokeninthemobiledataspace,therateofappreciationmightfollowthesizeofthemobiledatamarkettradedinDENT.AccordingtoGSMA,thesizeofthemobiledatamarketispredictedtoincrease,largermarkettradedinDENTcouldleadtoDENTpriceincrease.
Ingeneral,thevalueofDENTmostlikelyreactstothemarketvalueofthedatapackagesintheDENTExchange.
Risks:Unknownregulatorymeasurestowardscryptocurrencyandoperatorslowness
Asthecryptocurrencymarket isstillyoungandthetechnology is in its infancy,theremightbeissueswith scaling the transactions tomassmarket speed.There is alsouncertainty regardingpotentialcryptocurrencyregulationsinthefuture.WearebuildingourservicesonEthereum,andshouldEthereumfail,wewouldhavetochangethetechnologyplatformtoanotherblockchaintechnology.Aswearedisruptinganexistingmarketofmobileoperators,whoprovidedatapackagestothemarket, it can take longer than anticipated to get the marketplace filled with supplier-sideproducts.
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9. DENTleveragingkeydriversofthetelcoindustry9.1 Keydriversandtrendsinthetelecommunicationsindustry—Pre-cursors
toa“perfectstorm”forDENTWireless
9.1.1 Globalizationofconsumersandbusinesseswithincreasingservicestransparency.
Globaltravelisontherise,andbusinessesareincreasinglyspanningacrossmultiplegeographies.Telecommunication service provisioningmust cater to those global needs, and provide globalservicesdespitethelocalnatureoftelecommunicationsinfrastructure,leveragingglobalentitiesand partnerships. Telcos have responded to the globalization by forming regional and globalconglomerates,partnershipsandjointventures.
However,thereisnotrulyglobaltelcoservicetoday,onparwiththeOTT(Over-The-Top)players,whorunoffasingleplatform.Telcoshavetraditionallyleveragedlocalplatformsforlocalmarkets.Moreandmore,localplatformsarereplacedbyglobalplatforms,whichistheonlywayhowtocompetewiththeOTTssuchasGoogle,Amazon,Facebook,WeChatandWhatsApp,tonameonlyfew,whodeveloponceandscaletheirplatformglobally.Globalplatformusagehastakenoffinthetelecommunicationsindustry.Examplesareplatformsforglobalroaming,severalwhitelabelplatforms for cloud based communication and other SaaS offerings, and the take-over of JibemobilebyGoogletoadopttheGSMARCSstandard,whichlikelybecomesacoreelementwithintheGoogleFiproposition.
Thesolutionwedeliver:DENTwillprovidethemissingglobalplatformtotheconsumers,whoarewearyofbeinglockedtooneoperatorinonecountryandofbeinglimitedintermsofmobiledatapurchaseandusage.WithDENTforthefirsttimeconsumerswillobtainfulltransparencyoncostofthedatatheyuse,andtheywillhaveaccesstoaglobalmobiledatapoolasifitwasgasoline.
DENTwillalsoprovidethemissingglobalplatformtotheoperatorecosystem,totradethekeycommodity-mobiledata.TheDENTplatformcanbeemployedlocallyinsinglemarketswithsingleoperators,butitisdesignedtoscalecrossoperatorandcrossgeographies.Thisisvastlydifferentfromthetraditionaltelcomodelwhichdoesnotscalebeyondtherealmoftheindividualplayer,andprovidesamuchmorecost-efficientplatformapproach.DENTisopentopartnershipsandwillmakeiteasytopartnerwiththem,withreadytouseandadaptableinterfaces.
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9.1.2 Smartphoneadoptionandcustomerdigitalservicesliteracy.
Customersnownaturallyusetheirsmartphonestocommunicateviavideo,watchmovies,managetheirtelcosubscriptionandtopurchasegoodsandservices.LessandlessthereisaneedforalocalPOS,andevenvoiceinteractionisincreasinglysupportedbychatbots.
Thesolutionwedeliver:DENTprovidesafullydigitalexperience,withouttheneedtoevervisitanyPOS or call a call-center. Buying, selling and donating data are all easily facilitated through asmartphoneapp,whichworksinparallelor–iftheoperatoragrees–integratedwiththeoperatorself-careappfunctionalitytogiveinformationaboutthecustomer’sactualdatausage.
9.1.3 Topandbottom-linepressureontelcos
Telcosareincreasinglystrugglingwithmaintainingtheirrevenueline.Despitethedatagrowthinusers and usage, the decline in voice and SMS can hardly be compensated, and customersincreasinglyconsidertheirtelcoserviceascommoditylikeelectricityandwater.Telcosrespondbytryingtodifferentiatewithproductsandpartners,butasustainabledifferentiationhassurelybeentodeliveranoutstandingqualityofservice(coverageandspeed)forafairprice.
Consolidationandretirementof legacy technologies in telecommunications industryare in fullswing,drivenbytheineffectivenessofbuildingandmaintainingmultiplemobileinfrastructuresinonegeography,especiallyforlegacynetworks.GoodrecentexamplesareinIndia,acceleratedbythe4GpureplaymarketentryofRelianceJio,wherethe#1BhartiAirtelhastakenoverseveralsmallerplayers,#2Vodafoneis inprocessofmergingwith#3IdeaCellular,and#6RComAircelshareholdershaveapprovedtheircompanies’merger.
Thesolutionwedeliver:WithDENTthetelcosobtainavehicletodifferentiateandgetclosetotheconsumer.DENTprovidesacost-effectivedistributionchannel,andallowstoexperimentwithnewpricingschemestodeterminethesweetspotfordatasales.Thecosteffectivenessstemsfromtheinherent architectureofbeingblockchain-basedandby leveragingone centralplatformwhichscalesacrossallmarketparticipants.
9.1.4 Disruptionfromwithin.
Historyshowsthatuntappedprofitpoolseventuallygetdisrupted.Inthecaseofmobiledata,vastdifferencesinprofitpoolsexistacrossglobalgeographiesandoperators,whereARPUlevelsspanafactorof>20x,despitemaincostdriverssuchasspectrumandinfrastructurebeingcomparable.T-MobileUSandRelianceJioaregoodexamplesofdisruptingintheirmarketsfromwithin,whileestablishingandmaintainingprofitablebusinessmodels.However, inothercasesshortsighteddisruptionpurelyonpricingwasnotsustainable,asthetelcoplayersneedtobeabletomaintaintherequiredCAPEXforcoverage,capacityandnextgenerationinfrastructureprovisioning.
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Thesolutionwedeliver:DENTwillallowthetelcostobepartofthedisruption,ratherthanbeingdisrupted themselves. Telcos can become part of the journey to a fully transparent and fairecosystem. For global data usage, especially for IoT use cases, dedicatedMVNOs have beenestablished.OneexampleisCubic(www.cubictelecom.com)whichservesthelikesofAudiandHPfortheirglobalneeds.DENT isopentopartnerwithexistingMVNOsorevenestablishanownMVNOifrequired,inordertoservetheglobalcustomerbase.
9.1.5 Regulationinfavorofconsumersandpre-cursorsofdatasharingeconomy.
OverthelastyearstheregulationinEUhasbeendrivingdowninterconnectandroamingrates.Mostrecentlythelonganticipated“roamlikeathome”propositionismandatedandtookeffectstartingJune15,2017https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/roaming.Customersarefreetousetheirdatavolumeaspurchasedwiththeirhomeoperator,acrosstheentireEUoperatorlandscape.Pre-cursorsofdatasharingpropositionsarevisibleinsomemarkets,suchas“dataroll-over” to the next months for un-used data, data pooling within a certain user group (e.g. acompany),datavouchertransfertoanyothersubscriber(suchasimplementedbyRelianceJio).However,all thesesolutionsarerestrictedtoacertainusergroup,acertaingeography,or forcertaindataplans.
Thesolutionwedeliver:DENTfuelsthealreadyongoingmovementtowardsagreatertransparencyandfairness,asseenwithsomeoperatorswhoprovidesharing,transferandpoolingpropositionsfortheircustomers.WithDENTthiswillcometofullfruition,andwillavailabletoallcustomers.DENTwillfinallymakedatapackagescomparable,strippingoffunnecessarybellsandwhistles.
9.1.6 Newtechnologies.eSIM,5GandIoT.
WitheSIMthephysicalSIMcardisbeingreplacedwithanon-devicesecurechip.Thisofferstheopportunitytoprovisionauser“overtheair”toacertainmobileoperatorwithouttheneedtophysicallyreplaceaSIM.Itisyettobeseenhowuserfriendlytheactualimplementationsaregoingtobe.BusinessModelsrangefromtheneedtosubscribewithanoperatorup-frontandthenonlytoprovisionthemobiledevice,tohavingthefullchoiceofoperatorsrightonthehomescreenofthemobiledeviceitself.
With5G,anumberofnewusecasesandbusinesseswillbesupportedbymobileoperators.Notonlythebandwidthwillbefurtherincreasedbeyond4Gand4.5G(carrieraggregation),butalsonewfunctionalitiesareintroducedandlatenciesarefurtherreducedtomstime-scalesbynovelarchitecture concepts such as edge-computing, network function virtualization, and networkslicing.
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IndustrialIOTand–assupportedbyrecentannouncementsofVodafone–alsoconsumerIoTisexpected to become a next growth engine. While the majority of connected devices will beaggregatedthroughnon-SIMbasedconnectivity, theSIMbasedconnecteddeviceswill requirenovelwaysofmanagementandtosupporteaseofusefortheentireIoTsolution
Thesolutionwedeliver:DENTissettoembracethenewtechnologiesandsupporttheresultingusecases.
TheDENTmarketplaceperfectlycomplementseSIMenableddevices,sothattheusercanfreelychoose the optimal data package needed, nationally and internationally. This ease of usewillrequirethesupportofmobileterminalOEMsandtelcos.
DENT Wireless aims to provide the most cost efficient and user-friendly architectures andtechnologies.Forinternationalroamingtoday,thedatatrafficoftheroamingcustomerissenttohishomeoperator,andonlythereisterminatedintotheinternet.This isdonetohavecontroloverthedatatrafficforbillingpurposes,andisusedtoimposeformanycustomersperceivedhighroamingcharges.
However,analternativearchitecturecalled“localbreak-out”(“LBO”)canbemorefavourableandhas long been discussed – also in the context of the EU regulation.With local break-out thecustomer’strafficisdirectlyterminatedintotheinternetfromtheroamingnetwork,thusavoiding(highcost)internationaldatatransferandassociatedlatencies,muchmoreinlinewiththespiritof5G,andgiving thehostoperatormuchmore flexibility to serve the roamingcustomerwithfavourableratesanddedicatedqualityofservice.
TheDENTplatform–beingfullyautomatedandgloballyscalable–isideallysuitedtosupportIoTusecases,whereaconnecteddevicewithcertainsoftwarerequiresdedicatedconnectivity,butallthisatideallyzeromaintenance.ConnectingIoTdevicesautomaticallytotheDENTplatformcanguaranteeavailabilityofmobiledataatfullytransparentcostcontrol.
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9.2 WhyMobileRoamingupfordisruption–andtheroleofDENT
• Driversforthehigh–andsometimesincrediblyhigh–retailpricesforroamingcustomersareinterconnectcosts,datacarrierfees,margintothehomeoperatorandothers
• Totalcostscouldbereducedbyterminatingthecustomer’sdatatrafficdirectlyintotheinternet, rather than routing it back to the homeoperator, aswell as by reducing theexpectedmarginandbyotherwisesmartdatatrafficmanagement(cachingetc.)
• Localbreak-outfordatatrafficisnotemployedtoday.Reasonsaremulti-fold,suchaso Economicconsiderationsoflocalretailvs.internationalwholesalepriceso Existingbi-andmultilateralroamingagreements,whicharefurthercomplicatedby
thebalanceofin-andout-roamingcustomers,whicharealsooptimizedbytrafficsteeringintodifferentroamingnetworks
o Lackingbillingrelationshipofthelocalproviderwiththein-roamingcustomero Overalltrafficsteeringconsiderations,e.g.cashingoflocalcontento Standardpractisetoavoiddirectcustomer(marketing)communicationtoforeign
in-roamingcustomerso Incaseofpuredatalocalbreak-out,thecustomerwouldnotbereachableonGSMA
voiceandSMSo For first-time network connect, the customer has to manually select the right
operator for local break-out (unless it happens to be the home operator pre-definedpreferrednetwork)
• DENTissettoprovidetheplatformtoovercomethosechallengeso Datapricingwillbeatlocallevel,throughthetransparentDENTmarketplaceo Nocomplexroamingagreementsneedtobeconsideredo BillingrelationshipisalreadyestablishedbetweentheglobalDENTuserbaseand
theDENTplatform,whichwillbemadeavailabletoalloperatorpartnerso All customers of the DENT community will have the DENT mobile app, so
communicationwillbetargetedanddirecttocustomer,ratherthansendingold-styleSMS
o VoiceservicescanbeprovidedthroughIPservices,suchasWhatsApp,Skype,oranownDENTcommunicationplatform;inaddition,DENTcanprovidecircuitswitchedroutingservicestobealwaysreachable
o DENTmobileappwillalsogiveaneasytouseaccesstotherightroamingnetworkforlocalbreakout
• Therearefurtheropportunitiestodisrupttheroamingmarketandprovideaglobalservice,suchasbyleveraginganownMVNOorbypartneringwithinnovativeserviceproviders
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9.3 Summaryofmobileoperatorbenefits:Revenueincreaseatlowercostinanexpandingmarket
• Increasedrevenuethrueasieraccesstobuyingdemandworld-wide• Increasedrevenuethrutheuser-to-usersales,whilegettingcommissions• Easytolaunchnewservicesandpackages,justintroducethepackagetotheexchange• Nospecialagreementswiththeoperators,justconnectingtotheDENTExchange• Costefficiency,thoughonecentralplatformapproachwitheasytoconnectmiddleware
andAPIs;scalesfavorablywithusersandusage,noincreasedhumaneffort• Platformtotestdataproposition,suchasreactiontoseasonalpricinglevels• EnablesM2M(machine-to-machine)exchangeofmobiledatapackageswithIoTdevices
Example: A Vehicle in aGPS-tracked fleetmanages its own Internet connectivity usingDENTExchange.
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10. Technology–Architecture10.1 ArchitectureOverview
TheDENTExchangeisamixofcurrentstate-of-the-arttechnologies.ThetradingsideofitisfamiliarfromStocks,Forex,etc.,whiletheconnectivitybetweenDENTExchangeandtelcosresemblesthatofavirtualoperator.Thetechnologicalchallengestherearewellknownanddefined.
10.2 ComponentOverview
10.2.1 DENTWeb-app
TheDENTWeb-appallowsmarketparticipantstoviewquotefeeds,seetheorderbookandmarketdepth,placebuy/sellorders,reviewportfolio,orderhistory,etc.ItisanalogoustoFOREXtradingterminalssuchasMetaTrader.
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10.2.2 DENTmobileapp
ThemobileappisasimplifiedversionoftheWeb-app.Itallowstheusertoseequotechartsandplacebasicorders,aswellasseecurrentportfolioandDENTbalance.
10.3 DENTExchangeComponentStructureDENTExchangeisthemaincontainerforthebusinesslogic.Inadditiontobeingatradingplatform,itwillprovideintegrationwith3rdpartytelcosandtheEthereumblockchain.DENTExchangecontainsthetradinginstrumentrepository(mobiledatapackages),managesthemarket participants and their portfolios, distributes price data feeds to trading terminals,calculatesthespreadsinthebid/offerprices,executesandmanagesorders,etc.Assuchit isausualtradingplatform.
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Image:DENTExchangeComponents
• InstrumentRepositoryTherepositorycontainsinformationofthedatapackagesavailableatDENTExchange,suchasa1GBpackagefromatelcowithacertainexpiry.Theinformationisthemetadatanotstoredintheblockchain.EachinstrumentreferencesasmartcontractintheEthereum.
• PriceData
Pricedata,includingreal-timebid&offerorderbook,isstoredinahighspeedcacheandfedbacktothewebappandmobileapps.Thedataincludeslastclosedtradeprice,currenthighestbidandlowestofferandmaycontaintradevolumeandorderbookdepthdata.Historicalpricedataisavailableforthe1m,5m,15m,30m,1hand4hperiods.
• PortfolioManagement
Atraderintheexchangewillhaveaportfolioofpackagesowned.Portfoliomanagementtakes careof updating theportfolio according to executed trades and keeps the tradehistory.
• MarketMakerAlgorithmsMarketmakeralgorithmsmanagethefinalofferandbidpricesforpackages,managingthepricespreadandcontrollingthemarketsupplywiththeparameterssetattheInitialDataOffering.
• OrderManagementOrdermanagementtakescareoftheacceptanceofbidsandoffersfromthetradersintheExchange, includingriskmanagementtogetherwiththeportfoliomanagement. It feedsthe incomingorders into themarketmakeralgorithms for finalplacement in theorderbook.
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• OrderExecution
Order executionmatches bids and offers in order to fulfill the orders. Upon a fill theEthereumsmartcontractiscalledforthefinancialtransactionpartandthefulfilledorderentersintotheportfolio.
• ProprietaryAPI
Telcos can expose their APIs to the DENT Exchange, which will call them via customadapters,oropttoinstallaDENTsuppliedAPIListenerontheirnetwork.
• DENTExchangeParachainTheparachainactsasanescrowbetweentheEthereumblockchainandDENTExchange,toallowforfasterexecutionoftrades.
TheexchangediffersfromaFOREXbrokerinthattheorderexecutiondrivestheEthereumsmartcontractandalsointegratestheexchangewithexternalsystems.Thus,itactsasthecoordinatorbetweenDENTbasedassetsandreal-wordmobiledatapackages.
10.4 EthereumsmartcontractsEthereumsmartcontractsexecutethefinancialtransfersofDENT.TheyaredrivenbyeventsfromtheDENTExchange.Uponexecutionofcontractstheexchangethentakesthefocusandhandlesthe3rdpartytransactions.
10.5 VirtualOperator/TelcoTheVirtualOperatorortelcoactsasamarketmaker,providesmobiledatapackagesforend-usersandisapaymentgatewayforconventionalPremium-SMS/USSDdatapackagepurchases.Itwillbeusedtoseedtheexchange.
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11. Technology-DENTExchangeusecases&workflows
11.1 User-to-userdatapackagetransactionsUser-to-usertransactionsinvolveoneuserplacinganofferintheDENTExchangeandanotheroneplacingabidrespectively.Inthecasethesellingpartiesmobiledatapackageplanistobesplit,thetelcoofthesellingpartywillneedtoclearandlocktheofferfirst.ThebuyingpartywilllockthepurchasefundsintheDENTExchangeParachain,afterwhichtheorderentersthebooks.
Upon fulfilment, themain smart contract in Ethereum is triggered and revenue share occursaccording to the rules set at IDO (Initial Data Offering). After fund transfers DENT Exchangecoordinates thepossible splittingor cancellingof thedatapackage from the sellingparty andactivatestheacquiredpackageforthebuyingparty.
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11.2 Telco data roaming, data package transfer from user to userinternationallyInaroamingcaseacustomerwantstovisitthenetworkofanothertelco.ThetelcoservicingthecustomerwillgettherequestandarrangeforanoffertobeplacedintheDENTExchange.Similartotheuser-to-usercase,theofferwilleventuallymatchwithabidandtheorderwillbefulfilled.DENTExchangewillagaincoordinatetheactivationoftheacquiredpackage.
11.3 DENTExchangeInitialDataOffering(IDO)fortelcosTheinstrumenttradedintheDENTExchangewillenterthemarketviaanInitialDataOffering.Operatorsandwholesalersofmobiledatapackageswilldefinetheinstruments,suchasUSSprint20Gpackages,andofferthemtoagroupoftradersintheDENTExchange.ThesizeoftheinitialofferingwillbesetbytheproviderofthemobiledatapackageandDENTMobile.DENTMobilewillhandletheIDOs,aswellasactasavirtualoperator,providingdepthtothemarketwiththeirowndatapackageofferings.AnyproceedsaswellaseventualprofitfromthevirtualproviderbusinesswillberevenueforDENTWireless.
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12. Summary
• DENTliberalizesmobiledatatobetradedaseasyasanyothercommodity• DENTunitesaDENTcommunityofusersandenablethemtoeasilybuy,sell,anddonate
mobiledata,worldwide• TheDENTcommunitywillcombineacollectivebuyingpowertofacilitatepartnershipswith
telcos• DENTprovidestheDENTExchange,basedonBlockchaintechnology,andaneasytouse
DENTapplication• DENTWirelessisdrivenbyanexperiencedfounderandmanagementteamthatconsists
of serial entrepreneurs, industry veterans, internet pioneers, blockchain and paymentsystemexpertsthathaveexecutedlargetransactionandsecuredatasystemsbefore
• TheDENTlaunchandscale-upisdriveninthreephases,fromDENTcommunitybuilding,enablingdomesticmarkets,tofacilitatingaglobalsharingeconomyfordata
• OurgoalistomakeDENTTokentheworld-widecurrencyformobiledatatrading
DENTTokensalestarts12July2017at2PMLondonTime(GMT+1).
Gotohttps://www.dentcoin.comformoreinformation.
Contactus:CEOTeroKatajainenDENTWirelessLtd21/F,FuturaPlaza111HowMingStreetKwunTong,[email protected]
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