tokugawa ieyasu (1542-1616) 1603 accepted the title “shogun” established edo as the capital...
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Tokugawa Ieyasu (1542-1616)
• 1603 accepted the title “Shogun”
• Established Edo as the Capital
• Tokugawa Japan 1600-1868
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Tokugawa (Edo) Japan (1600-1868)
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Class Divisions in Edo Japan
• Warrior - 7% of the population• Farmers - 90%• Artisans • Merchants
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Japan is divided into Hans
Each Han controlled by a Daimyo
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Daimyo Must Establish Rule
• Samurai must choose a Daimyo for life
• Samurai must live in a castle town (stipends)
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“Making certain they can neither live nor die” Tokugawa Ieyasu
Tokugawa Peasants
Village life was a well-regulated concentration camp.
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“Except when sleeping farmers are to devote all their time to farm work, and neither they nor their wives and children are to drink sake or tea.” 1649 Keian Proclamation
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Francis Xavier (1506-1552)
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1624 Spanish Expelled from Japan
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British EIC 1613 – 1623 in Hirado
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Sakoku Edicts 1633-1639 (to 1853)
Still illegal to leave Japan in 1868
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• China market• Dutch pessimism• No resources• Too far north
• China market• Dutch pessimism• No resources• Too far north
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“If that double-bolted land, Japan, is ever to become hospitable, it is the whale-ship alone to whom the credit will be due; for already she is on the threshold.”
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July 1853
Matthew Perry
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Meiji Japan (1868-1912)
Meiji MiracleMeiji Miracle
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Meiji Japan (1868-1912)
• 1868 Japan comes out of feudalism and isolation
• 1895 defeat China• 1905 defeat Russia• 1919 One of the top
five world powers at Versailles Meiji MiracleMeiji Miracle