‘tolkienian legendarium’ & ‘the lord of the rings’

8/13/2019 Tolkienian legendarium & The Lord of the Rings

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Tolkienian legendarium TheLord of theRings::-Indranil Sarkar-::The Lord of the Rings trilogy is the real masterpiece of J.R.R.Tolkein. It iscertainly not The Hobbit for which he has been mainly acclaimed as writer so

long. The Lord of the Rings is called an epic high fantasynovel. OriginallyTolkien proposed the story to be a sequel to his 1937 children's fantasy The

Hobbit. But, the trilogyThe Fellowship of the Ring, The TwoTowers, and The Return of the Kinghave come out to be the most popularread at present. Prof.Tolkein, the eminent Oxford Don and philologist, wrote

much of it during the Second World War. He worked from 1937 to 1949 i,e

nearly 12 years to complete it. It has earned the status of the second best-selling


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novel ever written. To date, it has earned a record of over 150 million copies sell.

Tolkien proved that he is still the king, said Wagner, in the Toronto Star

review of the book in 2007. The success of J.K.Rowlings Harry-Potterseries

of stories owes a lot to these Tolkienian tales because it was he who rejuvenated

the fantasy literature of the early periods that was lost in the materialistic,

scientific and experimental modernism.

The Bigin of the beginning: The novel is called a high fantasy. Although amajor work in itself, the story is only the last and final last movement (a

sequel) of his children fantasy The Hobbit, which created Professor Tolkiens

identity as a writer. He described it as Mythopoeia.i


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Here the readers are taken to the fantasy world of Middle-earth inArda.It isthe land of the Hobbits. But thestarting point isShire not unlike any typical

countryside (Shires)in England. The move occurs following the course of

the War of the Rings through the eyes of its characters, the hobbits Frodo

Baggins, Samwise SamGamgee, Meriadoc Merry, Brandy buck Gamgee, Peregrin

Pippin Took.The hobbits' chief alliesand travelling companions arethe Men

Aragoan, a Ranger of the North and Boromir, a Captain of Gondor; Gimli, a

Dwarf Warrior;

Legolas, an Elven prince; and Gandalf, a wizard.

Long before the events of the novel, the Dark Lord Sauronforges the OneRing to rule the other Rings of Power, the leaders of Men, Elves and Dwarves.

Sauronalso infuses the magic quality of corrupting the wearer of the Ring.

He is vanquished in battle by an alliance of Elves and Men. Isildur cuts the

One Ring from Sauron's finger, claiming it as an heirloom for his line, andSauron loses his physical form. When Isildur is later ambushed and killedby Orcs, the Ring is lost in the River Anduin at Gladden Fields.Nearly two thousand years later, the Ring is found by one of the river-folk

called Deagol. His friend Smagol immediately falls under the Ring's influence

and strangles Deagol to acquire it. Smagol is banished. He hides himself under

the Misty Mountains, where the Ring extends his lifespan and transforms him


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Middle-earth in Arda.over the course of hundreds of years into a twisted, corrupted creature called

Gollum. He loses the Ring, his precious , and, as recounted in TheHobbit, Bilbo Bagginsfinds it.

Meanwhile, Sauronre-assumes his physical form and takes back his old realmof Mordor.Gollum sets out in search of the Ring, but is captured by Sauron,who learns from him that Baggins" in the Shirehas been in possession of it.Gollum is set loose, and Sauron, who needs the Ring to regain his full power,

sends forth his powerful servants, the Nazguil, to seize it.


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The Ring

The beginning:-The whole story of The Lord of the Rings isdivided into three separate books. And all the books are divided into two parts

each. The first one is titled TheFellowship of the Ring.

The Fellowship of the Ring: The story begins inthe Shire. TheHobbit Frodo Bagginsinherits the One Ring from Bilbo, his cousin andguardian. Neither is aware of its origin and nature, but Gandalf the Grey,
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a wizard and old friend of Bilbo, suspects the Ring's identity. When he becomes

certain, he strongly advises Frodo to take it away from the Shire . Frodoleaves,

accompanied by his gardener and friend, Samwise Sam Gamgee, and twocousins, Meriadoc Merry Brandy buck and Peregrin Pippin Took. Theynearly encounter the Nazgl while still in the Shire, but shake off pursuit by

cutting through the Old Forest, where they are aided by the enigmatic TomBombadil, who alone is unaffected by the Ring's corrupting influence. Afterleaving the forest, they stop in the town of Breewhere they meet Strider, whois later revealed to be Aragorn, Isildur's heir. He persuades them to take him onas guide and protector. They flee from Bree after narrowly escaping another

assault, but the Nazgl follow and attack them on the hill of Weather top,

wounding Frodo with a Morgul blade. Aragorn leads the hobbits toward the

Elven refuge of Rivendell, while Frodogradually succumbs to the wound. The

Ring wraiths nearly overtake Frodo at the Ford of Bruinen, but flood waters

summoned by Elrond, master of Rivendell, rise up and overwhelm them.Frodo recovers in Rivendell under the care of Elrond. The Council of

Elrond reveals much significant history about Sauron and the Ring, as well as

the news that Sauron has corrupted Gandalf's fellow wizard, Saruman. The

Council decides that the Ring must be destroyed, but that can only be done by


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returning it to the flames of Mount Doom in Mordor, where it was forged.Frodo volunteers to take on this daunting task, and a Fellowship of the Ring is

formed to aid him: Sam, Merry, Pippin, Aragorn, Gandalf, Gimli the Dwarf,

Legoals the Elf, and the Man Boromir, son of the Ruling Steward Deneth or of

the realm of Gondor.

After a failed attempt to cross the Misty Mountainsvia the pass below Caradhras, the company is forced to try a more perilous path through the Mines ofMoria, where they are attacked by the Watcherbefore the gate. Inside, theydiscover the fate of Balin and his colony of Dwarves. After repulsing an attack,

they are pursued by orcsand an ancient and powerful demonic creature calleda Balrog. Gandalf confronts the Balrog, but in their struggle, both fall into adeep chasm. The others escape and take refuge in the Elven forest of Lothlorien,

where they are counselled by Galadriel and Celeborn.With boats and gifts from Galadriel, the company travel down the

River Anduin to thehill ofAmon Hen. Boromir succumbs to the lure of theRing and attempts to take it from Frodo. Frodo escapes and determines

continue the quest alone, though Samguesses perils of the pursuit.However, apart of the Ring is brokenin the tussell.


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The Two Towers:Orcs sent by Saruman and Sauron killBoromir and kidnap Merry and Pippin. After agonizing over which pair ofhobbits to follow, Aragorn, Gimli and Legolas pursue the orcsbearing Merryand Pippin to Saruman.

In the kingdom of Rohan, the orcsare slain by a company of the Rohirrim.Merry and Pippin escape intoFangorn Forest, where they are befriendedby Treebeard, and the oldest of the tree-like Ents.Aragorn, Gimli and Legolastrack the hobbits to Fangorn, and encounter Gandalf, resurrected as thesignificantly more powerful Gandalf the White after his mutually fatal duelwith the Balrog. Gandalf assures them that Merry and Pippin are safe. Theythen ride to Edoras, the capital of Rohan, where they free Theoden, King ofRohan, from the influence of Saruman's henchman Grima Worm Tongue.
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Thoden musters his fighting strength and rides to the ancient fortress

of Helms Deep, but en route Gandalfleaves to seek help from Treebeard.

Meanwhile, the Ents, roused from their customarily peaceful ways by Merryand Pippin, attack Isengard, Saruman'sstronghold, and trap the wizard in thetower of Orthanc.Gandalfconvinces Treebeardto send an army of HuornstoTheodens aid. Gandalf and Rohirrim reinforcements arrive at Helm's Deepjust in time to defeat and scatter Saruman'sarmy. The Huornsdispose of thefleeing orcs. Gandalfthen parleys with Saruman atOrthanc. When Sarumanrejects his offer of redemption, Gandalfstrips him of his rank and most of hispowers. Pippin looks into a palantir, a seeing-stone that Saruman had used tocommunicate with Sauronand through which he was enslaved. Gandalf ridesfor Minas Tirith, chief city of Gondor, taking Pippinwith him.Frodo and Samcapture Gollum, who had been following them from Moria, andforce him to guide them to Mordor. Finding Mordor's Black Gate too wellguarded to attempt, they travel instead, to a secret passage Gollumknows. Torn

between his loyalty to Frodo and his desire for the Ring, Gollum eventually

betrays Frodoby leading him to the great spiderShelobin the tunnels ofCirithUngol.Frodo is felled by Shelob's bite, but Samfights her off. Sam takes theRing and leaves Frodo, believing him to be dead. When orcsfind Frodo, Sam
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overhears them say that Frodo is only unconscious, and chases after them.

The Return of the King:Sauronunleashes a heavy assaultupon Gondor. Gandalf arrives at Minas Tirith to alert Denethor of theimpending attack. The city isbesieged, and Denethor, deceived by Sauron,gives up hope and commits suicide, nearly taking his remaining

son Faramirwith him. With time running out, Aragornfeels he has no choicebut to take the Paths of the Dead, accompanied by Legolas, Gimli and theDnedain Rangersfrom the North. There Aragornraises an undead army ofoath-breakers bound by an ancient curse. The ghostly army helps them todefeat the Corsairs of Umbarinvading southern Gondor. Commandeering theships of the Corsairs, Aragorn leads reinforcements up the Anduin to relievethe siege ofMinas Tirith, and the forces of Gondor and Rohandefeat Sauron'sarmy in the Battle of the Pelennor Fields. Meanwhile, Sam rescues Frodo from
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the tower of Cirith Ungol, and they set out across Mordor. In order to distractSauronfrom his true danger, Aragornleads the armies of Gondor and Rohanin

a march on the Black Gate of Mordor. His vastly outnumbered troops fightdesperately against Sauron'sforces. Reaching the edge of the Cracks of Doom,Frodois unable to resist the Ring any longer, and suddenly and fiercely claimsit for himself. But Gollumsuddenly reappears, struggles with Frodo and bitesoff his finger, Ring and all. Celebrating wildly, Gollum accidentally falls intothe fire, taking theRing with him; and so Frodo's mission is completed. Withthe destruction of the One Ring, Sauronis permanently shornof his power, theNazgl perish, and his armies are thrown into such disarray that Aragorn'sforces emerge victorious.

With the end of the War of the Ring, Aragorn is crowned Elessar, KingofArnor and Gondor, and marries his long-time love, Arwen, daughter ofElrond. Saruman escapes from Isengard and, seeking to carve out a newkingdom, enslaves the Shire through Lotho Sackville-Bagginsbearing the nameSharkey", an orc term for Old Man . The four hobbits, upon returning

home, raise a rebellion and overthrow him.Grmaturns on Sarumanand killshim, and is slain in turn by hobbit archers. The War of the Ringthus comes toits true end on Frodo'svery doorstep. Merry and Pippinare acclaimed heroes,
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while Sam marriesRosie Cottonand uses his gifts from Galadrielto help healthe Shire. He later becomes mayor of the shire. Frodo, however, remainswounded in body and spirit after having borne the spiritual weight of the One

Ring so long.

Several years later, accompanied by Bilbo and Gandalf, he sails from theGreyHavenswest over the Sea to theUndying Landsto find peace. After Rosie'sdeath, Sam gives his daughter theRed Book of West march, containing theaccount of Bilbo'sadventures and the War of the Ringas witnessed by thehobbits. Samis then said to have crossed west over the Sea himself, the last ofthe Ring-bearer.The eventsin the story occur between Bilbo's announcement of his September22, 3001birthday partyand Sam's re-arrival to Bag End onOctober 6, 3021.Mostof the events portrayed in the story occur in 3018 and 3019,with Frodo headingout from Bag End on September 23, 3018, and the destruction of the Ring sixmonths later on March, 25, 3019.
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.

Authors bio.:-John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (January 1892 2 September1973) was an English writer, poet, neologist, and Oxford university professor.

Together with his one time friend C.S.Lewis, he formed an informal literary

discussion group called Inkling. He is called the father of modern fantasy

literature, more precisely known as High fantasy. His main works are The

Hobbit, The Lord of the Rings and The Silmarillion. He created a fantasy

world and named it Arda. Middle-earth is the heartland of Arda. Middle-earth


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is derived from Norse Mythology. It was a dwelling place of the humans.

Tolkien called all his writings on Middleearth as Legendarium.

Trivia:- Mythopoeiameans "myth-making". It is a narrative genre inmodern literature and film. Here, a fictional mythology is created by

integrating traditional mythological stories and Classics into fiction. The

word mythopoeiacomes to be used following its use by revered Oxford

Professor and neologistJ. R. R. Tolkienin the 1930s.

ii. MiddleEarth:Its a fantasy land created by Tolkien following the traditionof Jonathon Swifts Laputa, the flying island and the Country of theHouyhnhnms.iii. Tolkienian and Tolkienesque have been recorded in the Oxford EnglishDictionary following the popularity of Tolkiens The Lord of the Rings.[Gulliver, Peter (2006). The Ring of Words: Tolkien and the Oxford English

Dictionary. Oxford University Press.ISBN0-19-861069-6]

The individual names for books in the new imprint ISBN 0-00-

763555-9 was decided posthumously, based on a combination of suggestions

Tolkien had made during his lifetime and the titles of the existing volumes

viz:
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T Book I: The Return of the ShadowO Book II: The Fellowship of the RingL Book III: The Treason of IsengardK Book IV: The Journey to MordorI Book V: The War of the RingE Book VI: The Return of the KingN Appendices

5. The name of the complete work is often abbreviated to 'LotR', 'LOTR', or

simply 'LR'(Tolkien himself used L.R.), and the three volumes as FR, FOTR, or

FotR (The Fellowship of the Ring), TT or TTT (The Two Towers), and RK,

ROTK, or RotK(The Return of the King)

6. One Ring- OneRing is afictionalartifactthat appears as the central plotelement inJ. R. R. Tolkien'sMiddle-earthfantasy novels.It gives its owner

mastery of the world, and also works to corrupt the minds and wills of its

possessors. It was created bySauron,the Dark Lord as part of his design towin domination overMiddle-earth. The Elven smiths heard him chantingthem, and thereupon became aware of his purpose and took off their own

Rings to foil his plan. The Ring was made of gold. It had no gems. It could
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be destroyed only by throwing into the pit of the volcanic Mount Doom

where it was originally forged.The following words in Black language wereinscribed in the Ring:

The English translation of the inscription is:-One ring to rule them all, one ring to find them,One ring to bring them all and in the darkness bind them.

The inscribed lines are taken from a rhyme of the loreThree Ringsfor theElven-kings under the sky,

Sevenfor theDwarf-lordsin their halls of stone,

Nine forMortal Mendoomed to die,

One for theDark Lordon his dark throne

In the Land ofMordorwhere the Shadows lie.

One Ring to rule them all, One Ring to find them,
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One Ring to bring them all and in the darkness bind themIn the Land of Mordor where the Shadows lie.

One RingLinks, References and Acknowledgements:-i.www.lotr.wikia.com/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings

ii.www.ringgame.net/summary

iii.www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings

iv.www.nintendolife.com

v.www.missionsnes.blogspot.com

NB.Most of the contents and information are taken [extracted] from Wikipedia,the free and open library. Creative commons attributes are respected-i.s
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‘tolkienian legendarium’ & ‘the lord of the rings’

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