tom douglas sales raeco-lic llc tom@ · pdf file4 things you will learn from this webinar...
TRANSCRIPT
Detect, Measure, Analyze.
Thank You for Attending Today’s Webinar
Your HostTom DouglasSalesRAECO-LIC [email protected]
Our Featured SpeakerBob BoveNational Accounts ManagerTSI [email protected]
R. Bové – National Accounts Manager, Energy & Comfort Products, TSI
cHVAC critical HVAC
An introductory Webinar to explore critical control environments
• Their unique requirements for airflow, temperature, humidity,
pressure
• How they are different from standard residential and commercial
HVAC systems
• Unique regulations and performance requirements
• Unique instrumentation required to measure and help control
cHVAC environments
4 things you will learn from this
webinar
+ Identifying common problems in cHVAC
+ cHVAC measurements require instrumentation with a higher level of design and performance
+ Identifying differences in “Certificates of Conformance” vs “NIST Certificate”
+ How to save time and money choosing the right cHVAC measurement instrument
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Top 10 reasons building HVAC
systems do not perform as
intended4
1. Ductwork not reinforced per SMACNA pressure classifications
2. Ducts improperly sealed
3. Failure to seal return and exhaust ducts
4. Failure to adequately pressure test ductwork
5. Failure to understand SMACNA Duct Construction Standards in duct fabrication and installation
4/20/2016 © TSI Incorporated 3 4 D McFarlane, NEBB Professional, July 2012, pp. 2
Top 10 reasons… continued
6. Failure to properly install turning vanes
7. High duct velocities create noise and increased pressure drops in fittings and ductwork
8. Fan capacity comprimized caused by fan system effect not fully understood
9. Drawings with missing dimensional sizes
10. Not enough room for four duct diameters of straight duct prior to a VAV box
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4 D McFarlane, NEBB Professional, July 2012, pp. 2
3 Typical problems in cHVAC
1. Low air speeds near sensor detection limits3
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3 Typical problems in cHVAC
2. Uneven air velocities and turbulence3
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3 Typical problems in cHVAC
3. Backwards air flow through the OA damper
3
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You are not in the business of
estimation
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* Critical processes require critical measurements
* Parameter * Specifications * Control
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“Critical” or Controlled
Environments (cHVAC)
cHVAC is normally associated
with a “clean” environment
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+ Common examples: • Data processing centers
• Data storage facilities
• Pharmaceutical manufacturing
• Medical device manufacturing
• Healthcare facilities
• Semiconductor and electronics manufacturing
• MEMs production
• Advanced research laboratories
+ Unplanned downtime & catastrophic results
Normal environments are costly
to generate and maintain
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cHVAC environments are costly
to generate and maintain
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critical HVAC (cHVAC) concept
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vs
Temperature
Rela
tive
hu
mid
ity
Air
Ch
an
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s p
er
Ho
ur
Semiconductor FAB
cHVAC: tighter controls
mission critical
A higher level of
monitoring and control
instrumentation is
needed
100% of laboratory air is
exhausted by design
Macro environment
Micro
environment
The consequence of downtime
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Preventing equipment failure
means checking everything
+ Predictive maintenance for… • HVAC systems and ductwork for proper airflows
• HVAC units for temp and humidity control
• Chiller for cooling or dehumidification
• Cooling towers to reject heat from chillers or HVAC units
• Pumps that support the cooling equipment
• Engine-generator sets as source of backup power
• Electrical control cabinets, motor control centers and switch gear
• UPS, automatic transfer switches
• Power distribution panels
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IR guns to locate and shoot a
problem
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cHVAC environments require a
higher level of instrumentation to
measure, validate, and control
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+ Identifying problems in cHVAC
+ Instrumentation is the first stop in uncertainty of measurement
+ cHVAC measurements require instrumentation with a higher level of design and performance
• Measurements taken during cHVAC maintenance are critical to saving energy because they determine the remediation steps that should be taken
1. Measurement SENSITIVITY
2. ACCURACY
3. PRECISION
A higher level of instrumentation
1. Measurement SENSITIVITY
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A higher level of instrumentation
4/20/2016 © TSI Incorporated 20 Source: National Instruments, Analog sample quality, May 2015
A higher level of instrumentation
2. ACCURACY
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A higher level of instrumentation
3. PRECISION
oAccuracy and precision are often used interchangeably, but there is a subtle difference.
oPrecision is most affected by noise and short-term drift (meter and/or sensor) on the instrument.
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Accuracy vs. Precision
Accuracy vs. Precision
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cHVAC applications rely on
both accuracy and precision
Example:
+ RTD’s are more accurate and repeatable than thermocouples (more stable readings over time)
+ Thermocouples have greater range, faster response, and cost less than RTD’s
+ But… consider not only the published accuracy, but the accuracy dependent on the application2
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2 H Li, A Decoupling-based Unified Fault Detection and Diagnosis
Approach for Packaged Air Conditioners, PhD Thesis, West
Lafayette, IN: Purdue University, 2004
The daily grind of “accuracy”
+ “The instrument sensors are ‘factory calibrated’ and therefore don’t need field calibration”
+ “Accuracy” is prominently documented… but is this isolated to only the transducer and not the sensor and associated electronics?
+ Which “accuracy” is the instrument displaying: “accuracy of reading”, or “accuracy full scale”?
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% Reading vs. % Full Scale
Purpose-designed
instrumentation to accomplish
both requirements
+ Easy to handle, pack, transport, deploy and operate
+ Large display, organized, backlit
+ User-configurable data entry & display to suit the job & application
+ Quality designed sensors used for maximum benefit
+ Easily to calibrate for maximum reliance
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First: choose the right sensor
+ Balance accuracy/precision and productivity
+ Different sensors are designed for specific jobs • Example: ambient
temp vs immersion temp
• Example: pitot tube vs hot wire anemometer
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“Rounding errors” can affect
reported results + English vs Metric • Analog or digital sensor
• Analog or digital meter
+ Different units of measure • Selectable units
• How does the meter interpret the readings? - Measure in English and convert to Metric, or vice
versa?
+ Major source of rounding errors (2 or 3 significant digits needed for accuracy?)
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On this side of the sun… all
sensors drift
+ Mechanical, electrical, chemical…
+ All must eventually be “adjusted”
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The difference between
“calibration” and “adjustment”
+ Calibration- a sensor’s acceptable performance as compared to a published accuracy
+ Adjustment- making a sensor perform to a published accuracy
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Different sensors are calibrated
using different methods and
associated accuracies
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“Certificate of Conformance” vs
NIST Certificate
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Data collection and reporting
requirements in cHVAC
applications
+ Industry adopted/accepted report formats
+ Pencil & paper methods- defendable?
+ User-designed templates- flexibility, security?
+ 3rd party templates- adaptable to the application?
+ Instrument-specific software packages- what happens when instruments are down, or found to be out of calibration?
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Data security issues in cHVAC
applications
+ Standard computer security protocols assumed
+ Limited data access (User, Power User, Administrator)
+ Data entry protocols
+ One-way data entry (no corrections/alterations)
+ Cloud-based and subscription software packages and applications… who owns the data?)
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Protecting proprietary
information + Building owner access
+ Mechanical contractor access
+ Sub contractor access
+ Certifying agencies access
+ On-line vs off-line data storage
+ Security of historical data
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Assuring data integrity
+ Who owns the data in 3rd party/subscription type software ?
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Assuring cHVAC data can not
be altered
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21CFR Part 11 for the pharma
industry
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cHVAC critical HVAC
Questions ?
cHVAC critical HVAC
Thank You
Detect, Measure, Analyze.
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