CHICOeCAJ'^ Tom Glazer

Weather Songs from Ballads For The Age Of Science by Hy Zaret and Lou Singer

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MOTIVATION

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RECORDS

Tom Glaxer Weather Songs

WEATHER SONGS Lyrics and text by Hy Zaret

Music by Lou Singer

TOM GLAZER The Weathervanes

Tony Mottola Orchestra Directed by Hecky Krasnow

Produced by Hy Zaret

Side 1

1. What Makes The Weather What Is The Atmosphere

2. Where Is The Stratosphere 3. The Water Cycle Song 4. Why Does The Wind Blow 5. How Clouds Are Formed 6. Warm Fronts, Cold Fronts 7. What Is Humidity 8. The Hurricane Song

Side 2

1. Why Is It Hot In The Summer 2. Highs And Lows 3. What Makes The Lightning 4. Stratus and Cumulus 5. Snowflake, Snowflake 6. What Does The Glass Of A

Greenhouse Do 7. What Is Climate 8. What Makes The Weather, Reprise

Fidelity MR 0322

prdttdly mtrodMces its series of SINGING SCIENCE RECORDS. We believe they are a unique land- young people’s records and in science education . A remarkable combination of

{J charming melodies and delightful lyrics, they contain an amazing amount of scientific information and delight the mind while they enchant the ear and the heart.

... a most beautifully conceived and executed set of children’s records; the best that I have heard. Some of the more difficult concepts of nature are taught in a way the child understands and will never forget. (Nature Songs)

JOSEPH CREANZA, Director of Chicago Musical College of Roosevelt University

The singing science records introduce a wonder¬ fully exciting motivational technique in science teaching that stimulates interest, promotes con¬ ceptual growth and heightens awareness of a vast system of scientific phenomena . . . ... they learn the tunes and the words. They ex¬ plore the meanings of the words and the ideas the words represent. They sing the songs, dance and try to express their ideas and feeling thru pantomime and dramatization ... There is a kind of emotional commitment that leads the child to search further and deeper.

DR. J. RICHARD SUCHMA.N, College of Education, University of Illinois

. . . delightful and instructive. As a science teacher, I see in these records a most potent force for improving the science literacy of our nation.

DR. MORRIS MEISTER, President, Bronx Community College

Space Songs replaced almost every other school record we have. They always want to play it.

HAZEL LOCKWOOD, Hollis Hill School, Fairfax County, Virginia

I couldn’t be more enthusiastic. . . I only wish you could have been with me when I played the Dorothy Collins record for a group of fiftli grad¬ ers and followed it with a science lesson ... all too often in elementary science we’re so engrossed in the “what we are going to teach’’ that _ we lose sight of the attitudes of the learner, which have been found second only to intellect among the factors affecting learning. There are, of course, numerous ways to develop in children a pleasant association with science, and truly one of them is the record albums.. ..

MILDRED BALLOU, Assistant Professor of Education, Ball State Teachers College, Muncie, Indiana

Last night I took the record home and played it and I think it is magnificent.

C. O. WRIGHT, Editor of Kansas Teacher

In two decades of radio, I have rarely found^ so enthusiastic and wide-spread acceptance of a record. (Space Songs) It confirmed my original reaction that these songs were a genuinely crea¬ tive contribution to the entertainment and educa¬ tional fields.

DAVID GORDON, Music Director, Radio Station WPAT, Patterson, New Jersey

On my rounds to the different schools, I carried the record with me and played it to groups of teachers ... It caught on like wild¬ fire. Soon it was being used in the classroom, at assembly programs, and in clubs.

ESTHER MARCUS, Science Consultant, School Districts 35-40, New York City

Cover art and design: Leo Lionni Science Consultant: Hy Ruchlis

TOM GLAZER, one of our foremost folk singers, is famous for countless delightful perform¬ ances on young folks’ records.

HY ZARET, who wrote the lyrics and text, and LOU SINGER, who composed the music, are two of the nation’s most talented and versatile songwriters. They have won every major broadcasting award for their ‘‘Little Songs” and written many famous “popular” songs.

SPACE SONGS sung by TOM GLAZER and Dottie Evans. A delightful song- journey into outer space that offers the space-traveller a wealth of facts about the planets, meteors, the sun, constella¬ tions, stars, galaxies and satellites gravity, friction, and other fundamental scientific principles.

ENERGY & MOTION SONGS sung by TOM GLAZER and Dottie Evans. The various kinds of energy, chemical, ine- chanical, electromagnetic heat, atomic, and other forms are charmingly clarified; conservation of energy, how energy is measured, molecular motion and jet en¬ gines are among the fundamentals intro¬ duced.

ages S up MR 0314 ALL AGES MR 0312

CREATED AND PRODUCED BY HY ZARET

EXPERIMENT & ACTIVITY SONGS sung by DOROTHY COLLINS and the Singing Scientists, with Adam. A happy experience with experiments and activity songs that introduce such phenomena as magnetism, heating by friction, evapora¬ tion, sound, and unforgettable explana¬ tions of shadows, rocks and minerals.

AGES 5-8 MR 0316

MOTIVATION RECORDS, a

NATURE SONGS sung by Josef MAR¬ AIS & MIRANDA. Musical-scientific in¬ sights into how a bird flies, what is an insect, what is a mammal, how birds sing, what’s in the ocean, how rocks come to be, how fish swim, the balance of Nature, and other fascinating aspects of nature.

ALL AGES

More NATURE SONGS sung by Josef MARAIS & MIRANDA. Further tuneful enlightenment on such mysteries of nature as metamorphosis, hibernation, fossils, evolution of the horse, conservation, pol¬ lination, the “why” of rainbows, the structure of a plant and changes of the $easons and the face of the earth.

MR 0318 ALL AGES MR 0320

division of Argosy Music Corporation^ New York City.

cords Tom Glazer and the Weathervanes

Weather Songs

Moti

MR 0322

Tony Mottola Orchestra

SIDE 1

1. What Makes The Weather

What Is The Atmosphere

2. Where Is The Stratosphere

3. The Water Cycle Song

4. Why Does The Wind Blow

5. How Clouds Are Formed

6. Warm Fronts, Cold Fronts

7. What Is Humidity

8. The Hurricane Song

Cover art & design: Leo Lionni

Directed by Hecky Krasnow

O ZD ca <c

Hy Zaret

SIDE 2

1. Why Is It Hot In The Summer

2. Highs And Lows

3. What Makes The Lightning

4. Stratus And Cumulus

5. Snowflake, Snowflake

6. What Does The Glass Of A Greenhouse Do

7. What Is Climate

8. What Makes The Weather, Reprise

Science Consultant: Hy Ruchlis

MOTIVATION RECORDS (a division of Argosy Music Corporation) Copyright 1961 Argosy Music Corporation, N.Y.C.

International copyright secured All rights reserved

2 T WHAT MAKES THE WEATHER i

What makes the lightning What makes the thunder What makes the rain and sleet and snow What makes the weather — what makes the

weather What makes the weather come and go?

Weather is made by the action of heat on water and on air.

WHAT IS THE ATMOSPHERE

We live at the bottom of an ocean of air An ocean of air, an ocean of air We live at the bottom of an ocean of air That’s called the Atmosphere

The Atmosphere is made of Dust and Water Vapor And different kinds of gases Like Nitrogen and Oxygen The Oxygen we’re breathing in {Breathing, in and out)

The Atmosphere protects us From the burning sunlight It also makes the weather The Snow and Sleet and Hail and Rain Are caused by air, as I’ll explain... later

We live at the bottom of an ocean of air That ocean of air has a motion of air A motion of air in the ocean of air We caU the Atmosphere

WHERE IS THE STRATOSPHERE

The atmosphere has several layers. Changes in weather occur in the lowest layer, the Tro¬ posphere. Above that is the Stratosphere, which is relatively weather free, then, the Ionosphere, which contains electrified layers of air that reflect radio waves and make round-the-world communication possible. Beyond that is the mysterious, rarified Exo¬ sphere now being explored by earth satel¬

lites.

Where is the Stratosphere Just above the Troposphere Where is the Tropopause It is in-between

Where is the Stratosphere Under the Ionosphere Where is the Exosphere Highest on the scene

ALL TOGETHER, ALL TOGETHER THEY MAKE UP THE ATMOSPHERE ALL TOGETHER, ALL TOGETHER THAT’S THE ATMOSPHERE TROPOSPHERE AND STRATOSPHERE IONOSPHERE AND EXOSPHERE ALL TOGETHER, ALL TOGETHER THAT’S THE ATMOSPHERE

Where is the weather made Where is all the weather made Where is the weather made In the Troposphere

When you see an empty space Put a picture in its place

THE WATER CYCLE SONG WHY DOES THE WIND BLOW

Heating by sunlight is the source of energy for all changes in the weather. This heat evaporates water from oceans, lakes and earth and changes it into water vapor.

The sun heats the earth and the oceans and lakes

And it causes the vapor to rise As it rises it cools and condenses and makes All the clouds that we see in the skies All the clouds have been formed ’Cause the land and sea were warmed And the vapor goes up with the air And you know that water evaporates When you see those clouds up there Evaporation and Condensation

(The water cycle, the water cycle Followed by Precipitation

(The water cycle, the water cycle) The never . . . ending . . . cycle is taking

place All the time and everywhere

The rain and the hail and the sleet and the snow

Falling down on the land and the sea Fill the lakes and ponds and the rivers that

flow To the oceans continually And the heat-giving sun Just repeats what is done And the vapor goes up with the air And you know that water can circulate When you see those clouds up there Evaporation and Condensation

(The water cycle, the water cycle) Followed by Precipitation

(The water cycle, the water cycle) The never . . . ending . . . cycle is taking

place All the time and everywhere

Cold, heavy air at the poles tends to fall and slide along the earth's surface to lift up the warm, light air at the equator. Such a mo¬ tion of air, caused by heat, is called a “con¬ vection current". But this basic wind pat¬ tern is disrupted by the spinning of the earth, which causes all winds in the north¬ ern hemisphere to veer to the right, and all winds in the southern hemisphere to the left.

Why does the wmd blow oo-oo Why does the wind blow shhh Why does the wind blow oo-ee Why does the wind blow pffffff

The sun-heated earth makes the air get warmer

Makes air lighter and as it does The cool air pushes the warm air up Now the cool air is where the warm air was

That moving air is called a “wind” And everybody knows What the wind is called depends upon The speed at which it blows

That’s why the wind blows oo-oo That’s why the wind blows shhhh That’s why the wind blows ee-ee That’s why the wind blows pffff

At 8 miles an hour it’s just a breeze. Above 25 miles an hour it’s a gale. Above 64 miles an hour it’s “blowing up a storm’’. Above 75 miles an hour that wind is a hurricane.

That’s why the wind blows oo-oo That’s why the wind blows shhh That’s why the wind blows oo-ee That’s why the wi-nd blows

BOSTON PUBLIC LIBRARY AUDIO-VISUAL DEPARTMENT

When you see an empty space Put a picture in its place

HOW CLOUDS ARE FORMED

When air is cooled below its saturation point

The water vapor in the air condenses When the vapor in the air condense's Then clouds are formed Saturation . . . condensation Bring about the cloud formation Stratus or Cumulus, that’s how the clouds

are formed When air is cooled below its saturation

point The water vapor in the air condenses When the vapor in the air condenses Then clouds are formed

WHAT IS HUMIDITY

Humidity is relative, but relative to what If I were quizzed on what it is, then I’d be

on the spot So, just in case, to save my face. I’ll look it

up to today And then if someone brings it up. I’ll

casually say:

Humidity is the amount of moisture in the air. Relative humidity is the percentage of water vapor actually in the air cornpared with the most that the air could hold at each temperature.

Now when they say “it’s not the heat but the humidity”

I won’t be quite as hot and bothered as I used to be

WARM FRONTS, COLD FRONTS

A “front” is the boundary between two masses of different kinds of air. Such air masses extend over distances of thousands of miles and determine the weather in a region for several days.

Verse (1) The weather changes, I’ve been told (Hi, ho, the weather, o) The weather changes, I’ve been told (It changes day by day) The weather changes. I’ve been told Are caused by fronts both warm and cold They cause the weather cha-nges From day to day

Refrain’. The warm fronts, the cold fronts A-pushin’ and a-wanderin’ They cause the weather cha-nges From day to day

Verse (2) A warm front will occur, they say (Hi, ho, the weather, o) When warm air pushes cold away (It changes day by day) When warm air pushes cold away A warm front’s here, but not to stay Because the weather cha-nges From day to day

REPEAT REFRAIN

Verse (3) Barometer shows pressure’s down (Hi, ho, the weather, o) A warm air mass has come to town (It changes day by day) A warm air mass has come to town And rainy weather hangs around Until the weather cha-nges Some other day

REPEAT REFRAIN

Verse (4) When cold air rides beneath the warm (Hi, ho the weather, o) The warm air cools and clouds will form (It changes day by day) The warm air cools and clouds will form And that can cause some thunderstorms That’s how the weather chan-ges From day to day

REPEAT REFRAIN

THE HURRICANE SONG

^ y A hurricane by any name Still remains a hurricane Betty, Cora, Esther, Jane, It’s the same old hurricane They get started in the tropics In the ocean far from land Thru the summer, tropic sunlight Heats the water, there’s no breeze Air and water both get warmer They get warmer day by day Then the cool air starts a breeze there Hurricane is on its way Warm air funnels inward, upward Moving at increasing speed Vapor cools and condenses And the heavy clouds are formed Clouds’ condensing heats the air and Makes the air rise higher still Wind increases, spirals inward And the rain comes pouring down Winds are raging as the air mass Slowly moves across the sea Edges towards the coastal regions Whipping waves up crazily Tho its eye is calm and gentle It’s as wild as it can be Hurricane hits farm and city In its wake is tragedy ... A hurricane by any name Still remains a hurricane Betty, Cora, Esther, Jane — It’s the same old hurricane

i WHY IS IT HOT IN THE SUMMER

Why is it hot in the Summer Why is it cold in the Winter Why do we have the Seasons What can the reason be

The days, in the Summer, The days are much longer The rays are much stronger And shine more directly down on the Earth What Rays??? The Sun’s Rays!

Why is it hot in the Summer Why is it cold m the Winter Why do we have the Seasons What can the reason be

The days, in the Winter, The days are much shorter The rays are more slanted And shine less directly down on the Earth What Rays??? The Sun’s Rays!

The days, in the summer. The days are much longer The rays are much stronger And shine more directly down on the Earth

The days, in the Winter, The days are much shorter The rays are more slanted And shine less directly down on the Earth What Rays??? The Sun’s Rays!

When you see an empty space Put a picture in its place

HIGHS AND LOWS

High pressure cells, called “highs”, are areas of heavier air which are cold, or dry, or both. Such air, passing over warmer ground, brings clear weather because water droplets tend to evaporate. Low pressure cells, called “lows”, are areas of air which are warm, or moist, or both. Such air, passing over cooled ground, con¬ denses from below to form “overcasts” or steady rains.

Unequal heating of the Earth Causes winds to circulate The direction of the winds Changes as the Earth rotates Shifting masses of the air Whirling, twirling, swirling by Make the pressure cells up there Pressure cells both low and high

Repeat Song

SNOWFLAKE, SNOWFLAKE X

Looking at a snowflake with a magnifier we see a beautiful six-sided flat crystal, often star-shaped, with many branches. This hap¬ pens because the tiny molecules of which water is composed have a characteristic shape. When the molecules join one by one in below-freezing air, they line up in regular order, following their shapes, and form a hexagonal crystal.

Snowflake, snowflake, what are you A star-shaped crystal, how-de-do Snowflake, howdya get that way It happened on a wint’ry day Some water vapor in the air Discovered it was freezing there Found a tiny bit of dust And froze around that nucleus Moving thru the air it grew Its molecules were added to That six-point crystal fell below And here I am, a flake of snow — Thank you, snowflake, now I see How and why you came to be

WHAT MAKES THE LIGHTNING

What makes the lightning? — It’s a story in rhyme

Where the negatives and the positives make the heavens shine

They were separated, then when they accumulated

Got together and created ... Lightning

Now, every little raindrop has some electricity

Both negative and positive electricity And when the little drops get tossed thru

the air The negatives and positives separate there

The negatives and positives separate Go off to different places and accumulate The bunches get bigger, the attraction gets

stronger . . . ’Till you just can’t hold them back any

longer

Flash! A bunch of charges are off! And as they streak thru the air a mighty electric current sweeps thru the air. There’s a heat and a flash as the charges dash between the clouds or the clouds and the earth to join the opposite charges there. Flash! Crash! That’s lightning, brother, and that’s posi¬ tive!

What makes the lightning? — It’s a story in rhyme

Where the negatives and the positives make the heavens shine

They were separated, then when they accumulated

Got together and created ... Lightning!

When you see an empty space Put a picture in its place

7

STRATUS AND CUMULUS

Refrain: STRATUS AND CUMULUS ARE TWO BASIC CLASSIFICATIONS STRATUS AND CUMULUS ARE CLASSIFIED BY THEIR FORMATIONS

Verse: Clouds that are formed when the air current

rises Piled-up and puffy-inflated They are called “cumulus”, cumulus means Piled-up or accumulated

REPEAT REFRAIN

Verse: Clouds that are formed without up and

down movement — This information’s the latest — Cooled without rising and sheet-like or

layered — Sheet-like or layered, they’re Stratus

REPEAT REFRAIN

Two other cloud forms are “cirrus” clouds, which are very high and thin, and “nimbus”, which are heavy rain clouds. The prefix “alto”, meaning high, is also used to de¬ scribe clouds, as for example, “altocumulus” and “altostratus”. Still other cloud forms that you can see in the sky are “cumulonim¬ bus”, “nimbostratus”, “cirrocumulus” and “cirrostratus”.

Refrain: STRATUS AND CUMULUS ARE TWO BASIC CLASSIFICATIONS STRATUS AND CUMULUS ARE CLASSIFIED BY THEIR FORMATIONS

WHAT DOES THE GLASS OF A GREENHOUSE DO X

What does the glass of a greenhouse dol It lets the short solar rays pass thru The objects in the house absorb these rays And re-radiate them as long heat rays What does the glass of a greenhouse dol It doesn’t let the long heat rays pass thru Trapped by the glass they bounce back and

forth Re-radiated and re-absorbed

STAY! STAY! YOU LONG HEAT RAYS WARM UP THE HOUSE ON COLD, COLD

DAYS! STAY, STAY YOU LONG HEAT RAYS WARM UP THE HOUSE ON COLD . . .

COLD . . . DAYS! The atmosphere is like a greenhouse too It lets most of the solar rays thru The surface of the earth absorbs these rays And re-radiates them as long heat rays There’s vapor in the air — what does it do It doesn’t let the long heat rays pass thru Trapped by the vapor, they bounce back

and forth Re-radiated and re-absorbed

STAY, STAY YOU LONG HEAT RAYS WARM UP THE HOUSE ON COLD . . .

COLD . . . DAYS! STAY! STAY! YOU LONG HEAT RAYS WARM UP THE EARTH ON COLD, COLD

DAYS

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8

WHAT IS “CLIMATE”

What causes a desert climate? Hot, dry air. What causes the hot, dry air? Here is one way: . . . Air goes up a mountain range, cools as it rises; the moisture condenses and precipitates. As the air goes down the other side of the mountain it is drier because most of the water has left it. The air heats up as it descends and water droplets tend to evap¬ orate. The combination of hot, dry air cre¬ ates a desert. This is the way deserts are made in the western part of the United

States.

Latitude, prevailing winds and ocean

currents Mountains and the nearness to the sea Things like that determine what we call the

climate Determine what the climate of a place will

WHAT IS THE CLIMATE? IT’S THE

AVERAGE WEATHER

IN A PARTICULAR AREA WHAT IS THE CLIMATE? IT’S THE

AVERAGE WEATHER

OVER A PERIOD OF TIME

Averages of temperatures and rain occurrence

Calculated scientifically Things like that determine what we caU

the climate Determine what the climate of a place will

be

WHAT IS THE CLIMATE? IT’S THE

AVERAGE WEATHER IN A PARTICULAR AREA WHAT IS THE CLIMATE? IT’S THE

AVERAGE WEATHER OVER A PERIOD OF TIME

All over the earth today there are thousands of co-operating weather stations. Using barometers, hygrometers, anemometers-, thermometers, rain gauges and other instru¬ ments, they gather valuable weather in¬ formation. Scientists are cooling clouds to produce rain and using various methods to try to stop hurricanes. They are also obtaining valuable information from earth satellites. Meteorol¬ ogy, the science of weather, is opening new frontiers in weather prediction and control, and every day we are learning more and more about . . .

What makes the lightning What makes the thunder What makes the rain and sleet and snow What makes the weather, what makes the

weather What makes the weather come and go

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