tomato profile
TRANSCRIPT
Tomato Profile
Content Sheet
Particulars Page No.
I. Global scenario 2 II. Indian Scenario 1.0 Tomato production in India 3 2.0 Varieties 4 3.0 Tomato producing states 5 3.1 Harvest Seasons of Tomato 5 3.2 Tomato production in Orissa 6 3.3 Tomato production in Andhra Pradesh 6 3.4 Tomato production in Karnataka 8 3.5 Tomato production in Bihar 9 3.6 Tomato production in Maharashtra 10 3.7 Tomato production in West Bengal 11 4.0 Tomato consumption and demand 11 5.0 Arrival and Distribution pattern at major consumption markets
12
6.0 Packing:
12
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Tomato Profile
Global Scenario
Global Tomato Production The tomato is one of the most important "protective foods" both because of its
special nutritive value and also because of its widespread production. Tomato is
said to be the native of tropical America. From tropical America it spread to other
parts of the world in the 16th century and it became popular in India within the last
six decades. It is the world's largest vegetable crop after potato and sweet
potato. World produces around 117 million tons of tomatoes from an area of 43
lakh hectares (average of 2001 to 2005). The following graph depicts the trend in
area and production tomato in the world.
Tomato producing countries China is the largest tomato producing country in the world almost contributing for
25% of world’s tomato production. During 2005 China stood first with annual
production of 31.64 million tons followed by USA with 12.76 million tons, Turkey
9.7 million tons, Italy 7.81 million tons and India and Egypt each with 7.6 million
tons. These six countries contributed for around 60% of world’s tomatoes
production.
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Trend in area and production of tomato in the world
36
38
40
42
44
46
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
lakh
ha
9501000105011001150120012501300
lakh
tons
Area (lakh ha) Production (lakh tons)
Tomato Profile
Indian scenario Tomato production Tomato occupies a significant position in vegetable production. Area under
tomato in the country is about 4.97 lakh hectares and it is about 7.3% of the total
cropped land under vegetables. Annual production of tomato in India is 86 lakh
tons which is 8.5% of the total vegetable production. There has been a gradual
increase in the area under tomato while the production has been fluctuating due
to weather related factors.
All India - Trends in Tomato Area and Production
3.603.804.004.204.404.604.805.005.205.405.60
1996
-97
1997
-98
1998
-99
1999
-00
2000
-01
2001
-02
2002
-03
2003
-04
2004
-05
season
Area
( La
kh H
ecta
res
)
54
59
64
69
74
79
84
89
Prod
uctio
n ( L
akh
Tons
)
Area Production
\
Source: Ministry of Agriculture, NHB
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Tomato Profile
Varieties:
Improved varieties Yield Sioux 250 Pusa Early Dwarf 395 Co-1 380 CO 2 300 Punjab Chhuhara 200 PKM 1 300 Pusa Ruby 250 Paiyur-1 300 Arka Ashish 350 Arka Abha 250 Arka Alok 350 Shakthi 300 Note: Yield in Quintal per hectare
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Hybrids Yield Arka Vishal (FM Hybrid-1) 750 Arka Vardan (FM Hybrid-2) 750 Pusa Hybrid 1 320 Pusa Hybrid 2 600 COTH 1 Hybrid Tomato 960 BRH-1 and BRH-2 (Arka Abhijit Arka Shresta) 690 Vaishali 600 Rupali 700 Naveen 700 Avinash 2 1200 MTH 4 800 Sadabahar 900 Gulmohar 900 Sonali 750 Note: Yield in Quintal per hectare
Tomato Profile
Tomato Growing States
Tomato is widely grown across various states in the country. The states of
Orissa, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Bihar, West Bengal and
Gujarat contribute more than 65% of the total national production.
Tomato production share ( production 86 lakh tons)
15%
14%
11%
10%9%8%
5%
28%
ORRISA ANDHRA PRADESH KARNATAKAMAHARASHTRA BIHAR WEST BENGALGUJARAT Others
Source: Ministry of Agriculture, NHB
Harvest Seasons of Tomato in India
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State Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Andhra Pradesh Bihar Gujarat Haryana Karnataka Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Orissa Punjab Rajasthan TN Uttar Pradesh West Bengal
Tomato Profile
Note: Peak season Lean season
Orissa – Tomato Seasonality Price Index
Andhra Pradesh - Tomato - Area and Production Trends
0.45
0.5
0.55
0.6
0.65
0.7
0.75
0.8
0.85
0.9
2000-2001 2001-2002 2002-2003 2003-2004 2004-2005 2005-2006
year
Area
( La
kh H
ecta
res
)
5
7
9
11
13
15
17
Prod
uctio
n ( L
akh
Tons
)
Area Production
Orissa - Tomato Price seasonality trend
143
Dec
63738393
103113123133
Jan
Feb
Mar Apr
May Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Month
Inde
x
Tomato prices in Orissa the major producer of tomato in the country witness high
prices in the month of December and after that there is a gradual decline in
prices. Prices are lowest in the month of May.
Tomato Production in Andhra Pradesh
Andhra Pradesh stands second to Orissa in production of tomato in India.
Tomato is cultivated in about 85000 hectares with annual production of about 16
lakh tons. In Andhra Pradesh the major tomato growing belts are Rangareddy,
Mahabubnagar, Prakasam, Vishakhapatnam and Chittoor
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Tomato Profile
Source: Department of Horticulture
Kurnool is the largest tomato producing district contributing for more than 25% of
state’s tomato production. Chittoor stands contributing over 20% towards state’s
tomatoes production District-wise percent tomato production in Andhra Pradesh
during 2004-05 (12.5 lakh tons)Kurnool
29%
Chittoor21%Adilabad
11%
Prakasam5%
Cuddapa6%
Medak5%
Others23%
Source: Department of Horticulture
Seasonality Price Index
Andhra Pradesh - Tomato price seasonality
65
75
85
95
105
115
125
Jan
Feb
Mar Apr
May Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Month
Inde
x
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Tomato Profile
Prices of tomato in Andhra Pradesh touches low in the month of May and then
there is a gradual increase in prices. Prices tend to reach high in the month of
November and December.
Tomato Production in Karnataka:
Tomato in Karnataka is produced through out the year. The major tomato
growing areas in Karnataka are Bangalore, Tumkur, Kolar, Hassan, Haveri,
Davangere. The total land under tomato in the state is 35429 hectares with a
production base of 9.52 lakh tons.
In Karnataka tomato production is distributed into three seasons:
Seasons Percentage
Kharif 37
Rabi 33
Summer 30
District wise share in tomato production
District wise share in tomato production ( 10 Lakh Tons ) - Karnataka
38
1075
5
4
4
4
33
16
Kolar Belgaum Mysore MandyaBangalore (Rural) Haveri Davanagere Bangalore (Urban)Bijapur Hassan others
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Source: Department of Horticulture
Tomato Profile
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Tomato Profile
Seasonality Price index
Karnataka - Tomato Price Seasonality
727782879297
102107112117122
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
months
inde
x
Tomato Production in Bihar:
Tomato in Bihar is grown in 46000 hectares with a production base of about 7
lakh tons. Tomato in Bihar is grown mainly in the districts of Chapra, Nalanda,
Hazipur and Buxar.
Bihar - District Wise tomato Production
0.180.230.280.330.380.430.480.53
Pat
na
Nal
anda
Gay
a
aura
ngab
ad
muz
affa
pur
vais
hali
Sam
astip
ur
Beg
usar
ai
purn
ia
District
Prod
uctio
n
( Lak
h To
ns )
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Tomato Profile
Tomato Production in Maharashtra:
Tomato in Maharashtra is cultivated in 34000 hectares with production at about 8
lakh tons. The top five districts viz., Nasik, Pune, Nagpur, Chandpur and
Ahmednagar contributes for nearly 75% of state’s production. Nasik stands with
35% contribution. The following graph depicts the district-wise percent average
tomato production in Maharashtra Tomato production is mainly focused in 4
districts which is tabulated below:
Districts Production ( Tons )Nasik 173185Pune 77850Ahmednagar 36561Nagpur 4000Thane 2760Dhule 131
Source: Department of Horticulture
Seasonality Price index
Maharashtra - Tomato Price Seasonality
72
82
92
102
112
122
132
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Month
Inde
x
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Tomato Profile
Tomato Production in West Bengal:
West Bengal has about 47000 hectares under tomato cultivation with production
base at 7.48 lakh tons. The key growing districts are Darjeeling, Jalpaiguri, North
Dinajpur, Nadia, Purulia, Bankura, 24 Parganas, Malda, Murshidabad,
Coochbehar are the major tomato growing areas in the state.
Seasonality Price index
West Bengal- Tomato Price seasonality trend
21416181
101121141161181
Jan
Feb
Mar Apr
May Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Month
Inde
x
Tomato Price Volatility:
Tomato prices witness a high degree of volatility due to its high perishability in
nature and disturbances in production and supply.
State Volatility (%)Orissa 40 Andhra Pradesh 48 Karnataka 44 Maharashtra 30 West Bengal 58
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Tomato Profile
Consumption and Demand:
Tomato consumption in India is increasing at a gradual phase. According to FAO
per capita consumption of tomato increased from 4.42 kg to 6.63 Kilogram per
annum during 1991 to 2004
Tomato – Arrival and Distribution at major markets
Market Source Apr-Jun Jul-Sep Oct-Dec Jan-MarBangalore Karnataka 90 130 80 130 Chennai Tamil Nadu 200 100 200 300
Karnataka 270 100 80 210 Andhra Pradesh 200 80
Hyderabad Andhra Pradesh 30 40 70 80 Karnataka 50 20
Delhi Local, Maharashtra 350 350 390 350 Mumbai Local 170 200 150 170 Jaipur Rajasthan 30 120 80 40
Gujarat 70 40 20 10 Delhi/Bangalore 20 40 60 50
Lucknow Karnataka 300 460 Maharashtra 220 290
Pune Maharashtra 40 20 20 40 Mysore Karnataka 100 200 200 100
Vijayawada Karnataka 30 Andhra Pradesh 60 60 30 60
Hubli Andhra Pradesh 60 50 60 70 Karnataka 80 30 40 Maharashtra 80 60 60 70
Note: Values are tons per day basis
Marketing Channels Channel I. Farmers -- Regulated markets –CA/Forwarder—Wholesaler—
Retailer--Consumer
Channel II: Producer -- Commission agent/ Wholesaler (local market) --
Retailer --Consumer
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Tomato Profile
Channel III: Producer -- Commission agent --Wholesaler (distant market) --
Retailer –Consumer
Channel IV : Farmer – Village level Traders –Wholesaler at distant markets (
This is mainly practiced during the months of April to June by wholesalers at long
distant markets) Harvesting: The harvest of tomato takes place at various stages of the fruit growth. The
following indicates the stages of harvest and usability:
Stage Usability Green To Long distance marketsPink Local markets Ripe Immediate for
table purpose Full Ripe Processing
Packing: Tomatoes are packed depending on the transportability. Three types of packing
materials are used for packing tomatoes.
Packing Material
Cost per
material ( Rs )
Capacity ( Kg )
Number / Truck
Loss in packaging
and transport (%)
Bamboo Basket 35-40 30-35 280 >5
Small wooden Baskets
20 7-8 550 <5
Big wooden Baskets
35 30-35 280 <5
Plastic Boxes 160 26-28 300 1-2
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Source: ikisan.com