Topic 2 OverviewTopic 2 OverviewEnabling Objectives2.1 DEFINE Command and Control.2.2 DISCUSS the role of the US Military and the principles of warfare.2.3 DISCUSS national organizations that play a role in defense.2.4 EXPLAIN the differences and similarities in Navy and Joint operations.2.5 DEFINE C4ISRT and DISCUSS the key elements of the definition.

During the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805, During the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805, Admiral Horatio Nelson used only three Admiral Horatio Nelson used only three general tactical flag-hoist signals to general tactical flag-hoist signals to maneuver the British fleet.maneuver the British fleet.

At the height of Operation Desert Storm, At the height of Operation Desert Storm, U.S. Central Command used more than U.S. Central Command used more than 700,000 telephone calls and 152,000 radio 700,000 telephone calls and 152,000 radio messages per day to coordinate the actions messages per day to coordinate the actions of U.S. and Coalition forces over much of of U.S. and Coalition forces over much of Southwest Asia.Southwest Asia.

Today a countless number of emails, Today a countless number of emails, chat sessions, and websites are used to chat sessions, and websites are used to coordinate the actions of U.S. and coordinate the actions of U.S. and Coalition forces over Southwest Asia.Coalition forces over Southwest Asia.

• Objectives– Command, Control, and

Surveillance– Battlespace Dominance– Power Projection– Force Sustainment

Modern Naval WarfareModern Naval Warfare

Common Operational PictureCommon Operational PictureCommon Operational PictureCommon Operational Picture

• Objective– Defined, Decisive,

Attainable

• Mass– Concentration of forces.

• Maneuver– Place enemy in position of

disadvantage.

• Offensive– Seize, retain and exploit

the initiative.

• Simplicity– Avoid Complexity

• Economy of Force– Effective employment of

combat power.

• Unity of Command– Unity of effort for every

objective.

• Surprise– Strike when enemy is

unprepared.

• Security– Protection of own forces.

Principles of WarfarePrinciples of Warfare

National OrganizationNational Organization

Secretary of Secretary of DefenseDefense

Secretary of Secretary of DefenseDefense

Dept. of the Dept. of the Air ForceAir Force

Dept. of the Dept. of the Air ForceAir Force

Dept. of the Dept. of the NavyNavy

Dept. of the Dept. of the NavyNavy

Dept. of the Dept. of the ArmyArmy

Dept. of the Dept. of the ArmyArmy

Office of Office of SECDEFSECDEFOffice of Office of SECDEFSECDEF

JCSJCSJCSJCS

Army Major Army Major Commands Commands & Agencies& Agencies

Army Major Army Major Commands Commands & Agencies& Agencies

Navy and Navy and Marine Marine

Corps Major Corps Major Commands Commands & Agencies& Agencies

Navy and Navy and Marine Marine

Corps Major Corps Major Commands Commands & Agencies& Agencies

Air Force Air Force Major Major

Commands Commands & Agencies& Agencies

Air Force Air Force Major Major

Commands Commands & Agencies& Agencies

DOD Field DOD Field ActivitiesActivities

DOD Field DOD Field ActivitiesActivities

Defense Defense AgenciesAgenciesDefense Defense AgenciesAgencies

Combatant Combatant CommandsCommandsCombatant Combatant CommandsCommands

PresidentPresidentPresidentPresident

JTFJTFJTFJTF

SCCSCCSCCSCC

FCCFCCFCCFCC

PresidentPresidentPresidentPresident

Secretary of Secretary of DefenseDefense

Secretary of Secretary of DefenseDefense

Central Central CommandCommandCentral Central

CommandCommandEuropean European CommandCommandEuropean European CommandCommand

Pacific Pacific CommandCommand

Pacific Pacific CommandCommand

Joint Forces Joint Forces CommandCommand

Joint Forces Joint Forces CommandCommand

Southern Southern CommandCommandSouthern Southern

CommandCommandSpecial Ops Special Ops CommandCommand

Special Ops Special Ops CommandCommand

Northern Northern CommandCommandNorthern Northern CommandCommand

Transport. Transport. CommandCommandTransport. Transport. CommandCommand

Strategic Strategic CommandCommandStrategic Strategic

CommandCommand

Unified Combatant CommandsUnified Combatant Commands

Africa Africa CommandCommand

Africa Africa CommandCommand

Joint Command and ControlJoint Command and Control

Joint Force Joint Force CommanderCommanderJoint Force Joint Force CommanderCommander

Air Air Component Component CommanderCommander

Air Air Component Component CommanderCommander

Land Land Component Component CommanderCommander

Land Land Component Component CommanderCommander

Maritime Maritime Component Component CommanderCommander

Maritime Maritime Component Component CommanderCommander

Sea Power 21Sea Power 21Projecting Decisive Joint CapabilitiesProjecting Decisive Joint Capabilities

Navy Afloat Navy Afloat Command and ControlCommand and Control

Fleet CommanderFleet CommanderFleet CommanderFleet Commander

OTCOTCOTCOTC

ADCADCADCADC ASWCASWCASWCASWC ASUCASUCASUCASUC STWCSTWCSTWCSTWC IWCIWCIWCIWC

Key TermsKey Terms

• C4I - Simply put, we use Computers, connected to live Communicatrions circuits to either send (Force level ships) or receive (Unit level ships) Command and Control orders and operational Intelligence.

• C5I - (The 5th C): Combat Systems• SRT – Surveillance, Reconnaisance &

Targeting

“FORCEnet will enable the Naval service to employ a fully netted force, engage with widely distributed combat forces, and command with

increased awareness and speed as an integral part of the joint team.”

- Admiral Vern Clark- Admiral Vern Clark

“Sea Power 21 will remain the framework for our Navy's ongoing transformation.

I worked hard under my predecessor, Admiral Vern Clark, as one of Sea Power 21's principal architects. I believe in it and intend to use it.”

--Admiral Mike Mullen Admiral Mike Mullen CNOCNO

• The operational construct and architectural framework for naval warfare in the information age which integrates warriors, sensors, networks, command and control, platforms and weapons into a networked, distributed combat force, scalable across the spectrum of conflict from seabed to space and sea to land.

FORCEnetFORCEnet

Fn is the C2 Component of SEA Power 21Fn is the C2 Component of SEA Power 21

• Systems and Processes for providing networked naval command and control– Provides means and methods for commanders to

continuously make the best possible decisions faster and see to the effective execution of those decisions

• System: What commanders use– Infostructure (people, information and C4 systems)

supported by the Naval Enterprise– Naval component of the GIG

• Process: What commanders do– Accelerate C2 by changing the way information moves– Collaborative, distributive enterprise approach– Self synchronization of multiple decision cycles

FORCEnet: FORCEnet: “All About the Commander”“All About the Commander”

Command and ControlCommand and Control

Cognitive HierarchyCognitive Hierarchy

Enabling Information SuperiorityEnabling Information Superiority

• Networks– IT-21/Afloat– NMCI– ONE-NET– DISN

• Applications– GCCS-M– NTCSS

• Transport– Communications

• Surveillance, Reconnaissance and Targeting

IT-21 is an Information Transfer strategy Provides IP Network connectivity capable of voice, video and

data Provides access to SIPRNET, NIPRNET, JWICS Support all tactical and non-tactical mission areas

IT-21 architecture leverages off approved acquisition programs

It includes (not limited to) ADNS, SCI Networks, CWSP (CA III), SHF, SUB HDR, UHF

MDR (ASYM), TSS, INMARSAT B HSD, UHF 5 KHz, DMR, DWTS, GBS, VIXS, EHF (NECC, MDR, FOT, TIP), SINCGARS, BF EMAIL, NAVMACS, GCCS-M, NTCSS, ISNS LAN

Goal: Integrated, coordinated, end-to-end warfighting CAPABILITY

WHAT IS IT21?WHAT IS IT21?

IT21 OBJECTIVESIT21 OBJECTIVES

Information superiority for combat operations

Provide Network Centric Warfare for the 21st century

Command and Control

Information Dissemination

Optimize RF management

Quality of Life for our Warfighters

TO PIER

TIM

EP

LE

X KG-194A

KG-84A

UNCLASCISCO

SCICISCO

UNCLASINE

SCIINE

CSU/DSU

TO DSCS

TO CWSP

SECRETLANs

UNCLASLANs

SCILANs

KG-194A

KG-84A

GENSERCISCO

ADNS

CV/CVN

ADNSINM

TO EHF MDR

RF/RF/PIERCoPIERCo

mmsmms

ISNS

ADNS

KG-84A

SCI Ntwks

Afloat/IT21Afloat/IT21

END-TO-END CONNECTIVITY

Network Operations

Center

Deployed/MobileUnits Pier Connections

IT21

TRAININGCENTER

USN/USMCLOGISTIC BASE

NAVALAMPHIBIOUS

BASE

NOC BASE

MC AIRSTATION

BASE

IMAFISC

CLINIC

TRNG CENHQ

NMCI

Long Haul (DISN &

Commercial)

Base Area NetworkMetropolitan

Area Network

Wide AreaNetwork

ONE-NET

TDSTDS

NECCNECCTWSTWS

TTWCS

Systems (Computers)

GCCS-M NETWORK(part of the IT21 GENSER LANs)

Windows Servers

WindowsWorkstations

GCCS-M Workstation

TDP’s

System InterfacesPrinters

GCCS-M Server TDP’s

NTCSS NETWORK(part of the IT21 UNCLAS LANs)

WEPS

OPSCO/XO

Medical

ENG

Ships Office

PERS

SUPPO

SquadronsTechnology is the “means” - not an “end”

Communicatio

n

Pipelines

IT21

EHF

UHF SHF

PRNOC

LOS

Communications

GIGGIG

CWSP2.048 Mbps

DSCS SHF(Typical Apportionment)512Kbps

EHF MDR / IMS B HSD128Kbps

In B HSD32KBps

THERFPATHS

UHF DAMA,EHF LDR,5khz UHF2.4Kbps

TOOSLOW!

THE Global Information Grid (GIG)

INTERNET

NIPRNET

SIPRNET

GCCS Site GCCS Site

To JWICS

To CENTRIXSSHF EHFUHF

Sensors

Circuits

Satcom

Afloat Nodes

Shore Nodes

Intelligence

Surveillance, Reconnaisance

and Targeting

National and DoD AgenciesNational and DoD Agencies

Office of the CNOOffice of the CNO

Shore OrganizationShore Organization

Major Shore CommandsMajor Shore Commands

• SPAWAR– C4ISR

Systems

• NAVSEA– H/M/E– Weapons

• NAVAIR

• METOC– Weather– Oceanography

• ONI

• Strike and Air Warfare

PEO C4I & Space

PEO C4I & Space

Networks, IA &Ent. Services

PMW 160

Networks, IA &Ent. Services

PMW 160

CommunicationsPMW 170

CommunicationsPMW 170

Submarine IntegrationPMW 770

Submarine IntegrationPMW 770

Ship IntegrationPMW 760

Ship IntegrationPMW 760

Air IntegrationPMW 780

Air IntegrationPMW 780

Command & ControlPMW 150

Command & ControlPMW 150

AMF-JTRSPMW 190

AMF-JTRSPMW 190

ISR and IOPMW 180

ISR and IOPMW 180

Shore IntegrationPMW 790

Shore IntegrationPMW 790

Carrier IntegrationPMW 750

Carrier IntegrationPMW 750

IA CertificationIA Certification

DJC2 JPOPMW 20

DJC2 JPOPMW 20

PEO-C4I and SPAWARPEO-C4I and SPAWAR

TrainingTraining

Centers of ExcellenceCenters of Excellence

Operating ForcesOperating Forces

Reserve ViceCommander

01R CNSGR

NCMS

Special Assistants

Flag SpecialAssistants

FSSC

Chief of Staff

03

FFC N6

EnterpriseArchitecture

N6

Requirements

N8

Logistics Management

N4

Innovation & Experimentation

N9

Enterprise Management

N5

NAVSOC

NMCIGNOC

NCTAMSLANT PAC

Commander NETWARCOM 00

NIOCs Bahrain ColoradoMaryland HawaiiSugar Grove MisawaMenwith Hill TexasYokosuka GeorgiaSuitland PensacolaNorfolk San Diego

Whidbey Island

Operations

N3

NCDOC

Deputy Vice Commander Commander

02 01

NCTSI

NMSC

Flag Special AssistantsComptroller FORCEnet

Designated Approving Authority (DAA)Enterprise Transformation Group (ETG)

Senior Advisor for IO/SIGINT

OPNAV01IO N2C/N3IO

Navy Cryptologic Office Exec Dir

Special Assistants JAG Senior Enlisted Adv EEO Safety Knowledge Mgt Flag SecSecurity Career Counselor Admin PAO Human Performance IG Reserve Component

NETWARCOMNETWARCOM

CommunicationsCommunications

• NCTAMSLANT

• NCTAMSPAC

• NCTS– San Diego– Far East– Bahrain– Sicily

Information OperationsInformation Operations

• NIOC– Electronic Warfare– Computer Network Operations– Psychological Operations– Military Deception– Operations Security

Cyberspace DefenseCyberspace Defense

Vision

CYBER WARRIORS AT GENERAL

QUARTERS EVERY DAY

Coordinate and direct the defense of all Navy computer systems and networks in support of Navy forces ashore and afloat.

Constantly improve the Navy’s defense network posture.

Maintain a secure and interoperable network through policy, guidance, education, incident detection, analysis, and incident response.

Prevent computer incidents through network surveillance and proactive measures against potential threats.

CND Objectives

-

• Assess vulnerabilities• Advise and alert the DoN / DoD• Detect attacks• Provide recovery assistance• Collect data for analysis and “lessons learned”• Conduct initial intelligence analysis• Coordinate with Law Enforcement/

Counter Intelligence

SpaceSpace

Space and Missile Defense

Command

Computer Network OperationsComputer Network Operations

• JTF-GNO– Computer Network Defense (CND)– Computer Network Attack (CNA)– Computer Network Exploitation (CNE)