topic 3 the glourious revolution
TRANSCRIPT
10.2 The Glorious Revolution of England and the Rise of constitutional monarchies.
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The Restoration and the Glorious Revolution
10.2 The Glorious Revolution of England and the Rise of constitutional monarchies.
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Topics
I. Charles II ( R. 1660-1685)
II. James II (R. 1685-1689 )
III. The Glorious Revolution.
10.2 The Glorious Revolution of England and the Rise of constitutional monarchies.
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I. Charles II (1660-1685)
A. The Restoration
B. Charles II was a moderate
C. The Passage of Habeas Corpus
D. The Issues of Religion and money.
10.2 The Glorious Revolution of England and the Rise of constitutional monarchies.
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A. The Restoration.
• Parliament invited Charles Stuart back to Restore the Monarchy.
• He was the Merry Monarch– He brought back the theater and woman
where included.– Sporting events and merry making were
welcome.
10.2 The Glorious Revolution of England and the Rise of constitutional monarchies.
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B. Charles II was a moderate.
• He did not believe in Divine Right.• Preferred Religious toleration
– Was secretly Catholic• Accepted both Protestants and Catholics.• He accepted a role of Parliament.
– Passage of Habeas Corpus
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C. The Passage of Habeas Corpus.
• Citizen’s have a right for a trial before a judge.
• They could not be held indefinitely.• Right to know the charges against you.
10.2 The Glorious Revolution of England and the Rise of constitutional monarchies.
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D. The Issues of Religion and Money.
• Charles II signs Treaty of Dover– France and Britain versus the Dutch
• Charles will receive money every year.• He must become Catholic at a later date.
• Parliament fears Catholic influences– Charles issues the Declaration of Indulgence
• Suspends laws against Catholics• Parliament suspends funding for war as response
– Parliament passes Test act• Officials must denounce substantiation• An attack on Catholics
10.2 The Glorious Revolution of England and the Rise of constitutional monarchies.
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Cont…
• James II , brother, was the heir and devout Catholic.
• Whigs formed against James II.• Tories remained in support of the
monarchy.
10.2 The Glorious Revolution of England and the Rise of constitutional monarchies.
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II. James II (r 1685-1688).
A. Conflict with Parliament.
B. Fear of a Catholic King
10.2 The Glorious Revolution of England and the Rise of constitutional monarchies.
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A. James II and his conflict with parliament.
• He believed in Divine Right.• Demanded repeal of Test Act
– appointed Catholics to high political offices.– lost support of the Tories– James II dissolves parliament as a response.
• James II places 13,000 troops outside of London.
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B. Fear of a Catholic Line of Kings.
• James II and his second wife have a son.• Protestants fear that England will have a
line of Catholic Kings in England.• James II religion as well as his willingness
to use the crown’s power led to his downfall.
10.2 The Glorious Revolution of England and the Rise of constitutional monarchies.
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III. The Glorious Revolution
A. Glorious Revolution
B. William and Mary
10.2 The Glorious Revolution of England and the Rise of constitutional monarchies.
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A. The Glorious Revolution of 1688
• Parliament turns to James II first child, Mary, who was raised a protestant and married William of Orange.
• Parliament asks them to be the new King and Queen of England.
• William and Mary arrive and achieve victory in a bloodless revolution.
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B. William and Mary accept the role of Parliament.
• Parliament passed the English bill of Rights.• New restrictions were placed on the Monarchy.
– No suspending parliaments laws.– No levying taxes without parliament approval.– Freedom of speech for members of parliament– No excessive bail– No standing army in times of peace.
10.2 The Glorious Revolution of England and the Rise of constitutional monarchies.
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I. British Constitutional Monarchy
A. Parliament and Crown shared power.
B. Development of the cabinet.
C. Role of Prime Minister
10.2 The Glorious Revolution of England and the Rise of constitutional monarchies.
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A. Parliament and the Crown shared Power.
• Since Glorious Revolution England had a Constitutional Monarchy.– Power of crown became increasingly limited
by law.• If Parliament and Crown disagreed, it
became difficult to accomplish anything.– How to break a tie???
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B. Development of the Cabinet.
• Executive committee develops to improve communication between parliament and Crown.– Originally it was the Monarchs closest friends.
• Gradually became majority party officials.– King would gain more influence in Parliament.
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C. Role of Prime Minister.
• 1714 last of Stuart family dies.• Hanover dynasty begins.• George I could not speak English.• Sir Robert Walpole acted as leader of
England for 20 years.• Under Walpole leader of Majority party
became Prime Minister.
10.2 The Glorious Revolution of England and the Rise of constitutional monarchies.
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What do we Know?
• Religion and the crown’s absolutism were major causes to the Glorious Revolution?
• The Revolution prevented a Catholic line of Kings in England.
• The Revolution also demonstrated a major shift in power from the Crown to Parliament.
10.2 The Glorious Revolution of England and the Rise of constitutional monarchies.
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Terms
• Habeas Corpus• Bill of Rights• Absolute Monarchy• Restoration• Charles II• John Milton• Tory• Whig
• James II• William and Mary• Glorious
Revolution
10.2 The Glorious Revolution of England and the Rise of constitutional monarchies.
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Presentation of the Bill of Rights
10.2 The Glorious Revolution of England and the Rise of constitutional monarchies.
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• Bill of Rights, 1689.
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Thomas Hobbes
• English Civil War• Tutor of Charles II• People were inherently
selfish• Believed in a monarchy
with consent of the governed.
• Wanted to maintain order.
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John Locke
• Glorious Revolution• Worked for a member
of Parliament• People were
inherently good• Believed in a limited
monarchy.• Wanted to maintain
Natural rights.