topic: cells aim: how does the cell mebrane work?
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Topic: Cells Aim: How does the cell mebrane work?. Cell Membrane. Also known as the Plasma Membrane Surrounds the cell. Semi-permeable Selectively permeable – ”chooses” what enters and leaves MOST OF TIME BASED ON SIZE OF MOLECULE. Made of a bilayer (2) of lipids AND proteins. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Cell Membrane
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•Also known as the Plasma Membrane
•Surrounds the cell
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•Semi-permeable
•Selectively permeable –”chooses” what enters and leaves
•MOST OF TIME BASED ON SIZE OF MOLECULE
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•Made of a bilayer (2) of lipids AND proteins
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Concentration
Gradient
Difference in concentration between the 2 areas
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Cells transport materials by the following processes
1. PASSIVE TRANSPORT
When particles move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
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Molecules Move with the gradient
no energy needed
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2. ACTIVE TRANSPORT
When particles move from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration
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Molecules Move against the gradient
energy required
HIGH LOW
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Passive Transport
2 Types
1. Diffusion2. Osmosis
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•No energy •High low
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Diffusion Substances other than water that move from HIGH LOW
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HIGH
LOW
DIFFUSION
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Equilibrium is reached
Molecules eventually stop moving when…..
no further change in conc. occurs & both sides are equal
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Diffusion through a membrane
Cell membrane
Inside cell
Outside cell
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Cell membrane
Inside cell
Outside cell
diffusion
Diffusion through a membrane
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Cell membrane
Inside cell
Outside cellEQUILIBRIUM
Diffusion through a membrane
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Do Now: Identify this process by name and explain why you
chose that process.
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Osmosis
•DIFFUSION OF WATER INTO AND OUT OF THE CELL
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•Movement of WATER from HIGH LOW Concentration
•With the Conc. Gradient•NO ENERGY NEEDED!
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Inside cell Outside cell
OsmosisCell membrane
High conc. of water molecules.
Low conc. of water molecules.
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Inside cell Outside cell
High conc. of water molecules.
OsmosisCell membrane
OSMOSIS
Low conc. of water molecules.
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OsmosisCell membrane
Inside cell Outside cell
OSMOSIS
EQUILIBRIUM. Equal water concentration on each side.
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Whathappenswhen you
place acell in:
•1. Salt water: •CELL SHRINKS bc osmosis occurs water moves out of cell
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Red blood cells that were placed in a salt solution
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**Plant cells don’t shrink b/c of rigid cell wall cell membrane pulls away from cell wall**
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Onion Skin Cells
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•2. Distilled/ pure water•Cell fills up with water bc water moves into cell due to osmosis
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•Animal cells = •swell & burst
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•Plant cells = •swell, but do not burst b/c of their cell wall
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Red blood cell in distilled water about to burst
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Animal Cells
Same amount of
water inside and outside
the cell
Distilled water Salt solution
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Plant Cells
Same amount of water
inside and outside the
cell
Distilled water Salt solution
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DO NOW:In your own words describe the similarities and differences of diffusion and osmosis.
The similarities ofdiffusion andosmosis are
_____________________________The differences ofdiffusion andosmosis are ____________________________________
TOPIC: CELLSAIM: HOW DOES ACTIVE TRANSPORT
OCCUR?
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ActiveTransport
• Movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration
• Against the Conc. Gradient
• ENERGY IS NEEDED!
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L
H
L
H
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LOW
(energy)
PROTEIN
CELL MEMBRANE
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Active Transport (animation).mov
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What process is each cell carrying out?
Active Transport
Passive Transport
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Endocytosis
Taking substances into cell by surrounding it with the cell membrane
How some uni-cellular organisms take in food
Form of ACTIVE TRANSPORT (energy required)
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Cell membrane folds in causing a vesicle to form
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Exocytosis
Vesicle fuses with cell membrane causing the
materials inside to be released
Also a form of Active Transport
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