topology
DESCRIPTION
TopologyTRANSCRIPT
Chapter 2 1
Topologies
Chapter 2
Chapter 2 2
Connectivity
Communication is a transfer information from one place to another place. There are two type of signal: Base band : Single time single data. Broadband : Single time multi data
Chapter 2 3
Introducing Topologies Topology Provide the different configuration that are
use to create a network. Network is a collection of computer connected with each other.
Physical topologies are Single Node Bus Star Ring Mesh Tree Hybrid
Chapter 2 4
Single Node Topology - I Single device, at times device called dumb terminal
is connected to the server Devices operates on files from server and returns
them back after completing task
Chapter 2 5
Single Node Topology - II Advantages:
Easy to install, configure and manage
Least expensive
Single cable is required
Disadvantages:
Network consists of single device
Dumb terminal is dependent on server
Chapter 2 6
Bus topology - I All devices are connected to a common cable called
trunk or back bone cable Maximum segment length of cable is 200 m Maximum of 30 devices per segment
Chapter 2 7
Bus topology - II
Server is at one end and devices are at different positions
50 ohm terminator is used Devices are not responsible for data transmission Number of collisions are more
Chapter 2 8
Bus topology - III Advantages:
Installation of devices is easy
Requires less cable compared to star topology
Less expensive and works better for smaller networks
Disadvantages:
If backbone breaks, entire network gets down
Difficult to isolate problems
Limited number of devices
Chapter 2 9
Star Topology - I Each device is connected to a central device called
hub or switch through cable Data passes through hub before reaching
destination
Chapter 2 10
Star Topology - II Advantages:
Easy to install, configure, manage and expand
Centralized management
Addition or removal of device does not affect the whole network
Disadvantages:
Requires more cable
Failure of hub affects entire network
More Expensive
Chapter 2 11
Ring Topology - I
Devices are connected in a closed loop
All devices have equal access to media
Device waits for its turn to transmit
Most common type is Token Ring
Chapter 2 12
Ring Topology - II
Advantages:
Data travels at greater speed
No collisions
Handles large volume of traffic
Disadvantages:
More cabling is required compared to bus
One faulty device affects the entire network
Addition of devices affect network
Chapter 2 13
Dual Ring Topology
Consists of two independent primary and secondary rings
Secondary ring is redundant, used only when primary stops functioning
Chapter 2 14
Mesh Topology - I
Used in WANs to interconnect LANs
Every device is connected to every other device
Use routers to determine the best path of communication
Chapter 2 15
Mesh Topology - III
Advantages:
Improves fault tolerance
Failure of one link does not affect entire network
Centralized management is not required
Disadvantages:
Difficult to install and manage
Each link from one device to other requires individual NIC
Very much expensive
Chapter 2 16
Tree Topology - I
Connects groups of star networks
Devices are wired to root hub
Root hub is connected to second level devices
Chapter 2 17
Tree Topology - II
Advantages: Easy to add new
devices Point-to-point wiring for
each device Fault detection is easy
Disadvantages: Difficult to configure If backbone breaks,
entire network goes down
More expensive
Chapter 2 18
Hybrid Topology - I
Combines two or more different physical topologies Commonly Star-Bus or Star-Ring Star-Ring uses Multistation Access Unit (MAU)
Chapter 2 19
Hybrid Topology - II
Advantages:
Used for creating larger networks
Handles large volume of traffic
Fault detection is easy
Disadvantages:
Installation and configuration is difficult
More expensive than other topologies
More cabling is required