toronto standards update - lutkevich

Upload: ricardo-leandro

Post on 05-Apr-2018

219 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    1/39

    Current Lighting Standards

    Applicability and Modifications

    to Emerging Technologies

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    2/39

    Guide for the Design of Roadway LightingJanuary 2006

    Luminance Based Standard

    Horizontal and Vertical IlluminanceCriteria for Pedestrian Areas

    Includes Detailed Warranting System

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    3/39

    Light Trespass Limits by Lighting Zones

    Notes Impacts on Species and Habitat

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    4/39

    In Roadway Lights (IRL)

    Adaptive Control

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    5/39

    Lighting of Roads for Motor Trafficand Pedestrian Traffic - 2010

    Luminance Based Standard

    Horizontal and Vertical IlluminanceCriteria for Pedestrian Areas

    for roadways, pedestrian areas,and conflict areas

    Uses some different metrics (e.g.Threshold Increment,Surround Ratio, etc.)

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    6/39

    Classification System

    For Roadways

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    7/39

    ass ca on ys emFor Conflict Areas

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    8/39

    ass ca on ys emFor Pedestrian Areas

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    9/39

    Adaptive Lighting Methodology

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    10/39

    Age Modifiers

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    11/39

    Illuminating Engineering SocietyRP-8 05 Standard Practice for Roadway Lighting

    Luminance / Illuminance / Small Tar et

    Visibility (STV) Based Standard

    Horizontal and Vertical Illuminancer er a or e es r an reas

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    12/39

    Pedestrian Conflict Area Classifications

    High - Areas with significant numbers of pedestrians expected to be on thesidewalks or crossing the streets during darkness. Examples aredowntown retail areas, near stage theaters, concert halls, stadiums,an trans t term na s.

    Medium - Areas where lessor numbers of pedestrians utilize the streets at night.

    Typical are downtown office areas, blocks with libraries, movie

    theaters, apartments, neighborhood shopping, industrial, older cityareas and streets with transit lines.

    Low - Areas with very low volumes of night pedestrian usage. This can

    occur in any of the cited roadway classifications but may be typifiedon suburban single family streets, very low density residentialdevelopments, and rural or semi-rural areas.

    Low - 10 or lessMedium - 11 to 100High - over 100

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    13/39

    ROAD AND AREA CLASSIFICATION

    ROAD PEDESTRIANAREA

    CLASSIFICATION

    AVG.LUMIN.

    Lavg(cd/m

    2)

    MAXUNIFORM.

    RATIO

    Lavg/Lmin

    MAXUNIFORM.

    RATIO

    Lmax/Lmin

    MAXVEILINGLUMIN.RATIO

    Lvmax/Lavg

    Freeway Class A 0.6 3.5 6.0 0.3

    Luminance Based

    reeway ass . . . .

    High 1.0 3.0 5.0 0.3

    Medium 0.8 3.0 5.0 0.3Expressway

    Low 0.6 3.5 6.0 0.3

    High 1.2 3.0 5.0 0.3Major

    . . . .

    Low 0.6 3.5 6.0 0.3

    High 0.8 3.0 5.0 0.4

    Medium 0.6 3.5 6.0 0.4Collector

    Low 0.4 4.0 8.0 0.4

    Hi h 0.6 6.0

    10.0

    0.4

    ROAD AND AREA CLASSIFICATION PAVEMENTCLASSIFICATION

    ROAD PEDESTRIANAREA

    CLASSIFICATION

    R1

    (lux)

    R2 &R3

    (lux)

    R4

    (lux)

    MAXUNIFORM.

    RATIO

    Eavg/Emin

    MAXVEILIN

    GLUMIN.RATIOLvmax/La

    Medium 0.5 6.0 10.0 0.4

    Local

    Low 0.3 6.0 10.0 0.4

    vg

    Freeway Class A

    6.0 9.0 8.0 3.0 0.3

    Freeway Class B

    4.0 6.0 5.0 3.0 0.3

    High 10.014.0 13.0

    3.0 0.3

    Medium 8.0 12.0 10.0

    3.0 0.3Expressway

    Low6.0

    9.0

    8.0

    3.0

    0.3

    High 12.0 17.0 15.0 3.0 0.3

    Medium 9.0 13.0 11.0

    3.0 0.3Major

    Low 6.0 9.0 8.0 3.0 0.3

    High 8.0 12.0 10.0

    4.0 0.4

    Medium 6.0 9.0 8.0 4.0 0.4Collector

    Low 4.0 6.0 5.0 4.0 0.4

    High 6.0 9.0 8.0 6.0 0.4

    Medium 5.0 7.0 6.0 6.0 0.4

    Local

    Low 3.0 4.0 4.0 6.0 0.4Illuminance Based

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    14/39

    Maintained Illuminance Values for Walkways/Bikeways

    EH (lux) EVmin (lux) Eavg/Emin*

    HighMixed Vehicle and Pedestrian 20.0 10.0 4.0

    Pedestrian Only 10.0 5.0 4.0

    Maintained Illuminance Values for Walkways/Bikeways

    EH (lux) EVmin (lux) Eavg/Emin*

    Pedestrian Areas 5.0 2.0 4.0

    Medium

    Maintained Illuminance Values for Walkways/Bikeways

    EH (lux) EVmin (lux) Eavg/Emin* LowRural/Semi-Rural Areas 2.0 0.6 10.0

    Low Density Residential 3.0 0.8 6.0

    Medium Density Residential 4.0 1.0 4.0

    Maintained Illuminance Values for Walkways/Bikeways

    EH (lux) EVmin (lux) Eavg/Emin*

    Day 100.0 50.0 3.0

    Underpass

    g t 40.0 20.0 3.0

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    15/39

    -(Adaptive Lighting)

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    16/39

    Use Adaptive Controls(excerpt from proposed RP-8)

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    17/39

    -(Effectiveness of Headlamps)

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    18/39

    Pedestrian Area Levels

    - -

    Maintained Illuminance Values for Walkways/Bikeways

    * H Vmin avg min

    Mixed Vehicle and Pedestrian 20.0 10.0 4.0

    Pedestrian Only 10.0 5.0 4.0 High

    Maintained Illuminance Values for Walkways/Bikeways

    EH (lux) EVmin (lux) Eavg/Emin*

    Pedestrian Areas 5.0 2.0 4.0

    EH (lux) EVmin (lux) Eavg/Emin*

    Rural/Semi-Rural Areas 2.0 0.6 10.0

    Low Density Residential 3.0 0.8 6.0Low

    Medium Density Residential 4.0 1.0 4.0

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    19/39

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    20/39

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    21/39

    -(Impact of Trees)

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    22/39

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    23/39

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    24/39

    FHWA/MnDOT CSS Study

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    25/39

    Light Level Readings at 2 Different Locations

    Reduced Vertical by 65%

    Reduced Vertical by 21%

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    26/39

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    27/39

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    28/39

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    29/39

    -(Application of Lighting Zones)

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    30/39

    RP-8 Li htin Zones

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    31/39

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    32/39

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    33/39

    Demographic Trends:

    e g ng r ver opu a on

    Impact of aging drivers:

    Vision limitations

    Increased crash risk 18.9 million drivers age 70 and

    older in 2000:

    36 percent increase from

    1990 to 2000 19908% o r vers

    were age 70 and over

    200010% of drivers

    Older driver population willcontinue to grow as baby-boomers a e

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    34/39

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    35/39

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    36/39

    Final Thou hts of Desi n

    Standards and Emerging Technology

    Dont categorize new technology like existing

    Design to maximize performance andmeet standards

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    37/39

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    38/39

    Luminaire wattage matched

    City of Cambridge

    Inman St. Test

  • 7/31/2019 Toronto Standards Update - Lutkevich

    39/39

    City of Cambridge Inman Street Test

    Existing Condition

    Roadway lighting levels 20 lux average1.3 cd/m2

    Sidewalk lighting level 2.5 lux minimum verticalLight trespass level 25 lux maximumPower/unit 185 watts

    IES RP-8 Recommendations

    Roadway lighting levels 9 lux average0.6 cd/m2

    Sidewalk lighting level 2 lux minimum verticalLight trespass level (TM-11-00) 8 lux pre-curfew maximum

    3 lux post-curfew maximum

    Test Installation Condition Pre-curfew (as calculated)

    Roadway lighting levels 12 lux average0.8 cd/m2

    Sidewalk lighting level 3 lux minimum verticalLight trespass level 6.9 lux maximumPower/unit 86 watts