Total Energy Model for Connected DevicesPaul Ryan, Anson Wu, Terence Smith

IEA Webinar Series, 28 April 2021

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Contents

Introduction to the IEA-4E TCP and EDNA

Overview of Total Energy Model

Demonstration of TEM Charts

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Introduction to the IEA-4E TCP and EDNA

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IEA-4E / EDNA

Annex of IEA-4E TCP

Technical analysis &

policy guidance

Efficiency of connected devices & systems

Austria, Australia, Canada, Denmark, European Comm,

France, Japan, Korea,

Netherlands, New Zealand, Sweden, Switzerland, UK,

USA

Operating Agent = Steven

Beletich

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Energy Implications of Device Connectivity

Energy Savings

• Digitalisation

• Intelligent efficiency

• Demand flexibility

Energy Cost

• Network standby

• Upstream energy

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Overview of Total Energy Model (TEM)

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Please Note

The TEM was commissioned by EDNA and authored by EnergyConsult. Its results do not reflect the views of the IEA, 4E, EDNA or their members

The TEM is a desktop model, based on a wide range of assumptions, and therefore contains some uncertainty

The EnergyConsult team includes:

Paul Ryan

Anson Wu

Terence Smith

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Context

Total Energy Model

V1.0 finalised in 2019

V2.0 expanded on V1.0 and was finalised in 2020 (published in March 2021)

Scope, from 2010 to 2019, and forecast to 2030

Network connected energy use:

Downstream - Energy used to create and maintain network connections, and stream video/audio

Upstream - Energy used in the data centres (DC) and wide area network (WAN)

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Scope

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The TEM Model

WAN/Core and Data Centres

Energy use model: Energy intensity (kWh per GB data)

Upstream Energy

Network Connected

Devices

Energy use model: Bottom-up stock model (energy use per device)

Downstream Energy

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Devices by Category and Group (sub-category)

LAN

Access Device

• Integrated Access Device

• Wired modem

• Wireless Modem

LAN Other

• Wireless Access Point

• Router

• Switch

• Network Extender

ICT

PC

• Desktop

• Laptop

• Imaging Equipment

Mobile

• Smartphone

Tablet

• Tablet

Storage

• NAS

Entertainment

Display

• Smart TV

• Digital Signage Display

Audio

• AV Reciever

• AV Speakers

• Portable Speakers

Media Device

• Games Console

• STB & OTT Media Player

• Casting Stick

• DVA - Video Display

Automation

Appliances

• Refrigerator

• Freezer

• Washing Machine

• Clothes Dryer

• Dishwasher

• Small Appliance

Cooking

• Oven + Cooktop

• Range Hood

IoT

• Gateway - LE to WiFi

• Blinds + Windows

• Sensors: Res - LE

• Sensors: Res - WiFi

• Sensors: Industry - LE

• Gateway: Bus

• Comm Building Control

• Sensors: Health - LE

• Smart Meters

Lighting

• Smart Lights - Wifi

• Smart Lights - LE

Space Conditioning

• Smart Thermostat

• Air Conditioners

Street Lights

• Street Lights

Audio Automation

• DVA - Speaker

Water Heating

• Water Heaters

Security

Control

• Smart Lock

Video

• IP Camera -Home

• IP Camera -Public + Business

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Energy consumption categories

Downstream

Network standby

Network active

Media Streaming

Upstream

Media streaming

Non-media

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Additional segmentation

Regions x 8 (based on supplied shipment forecasts – sourced from Juniper Research)

IP Global traffic type (as defined by CISCO)

North AmericaWest EuropeCentral & East EuropeFar East & ChinaIndia SubcontinentRest of Asia PacificLatin AmericaAfrica and Middle EastGlobal

PCTVSmartPhoneTabletsM2MNon-Smart PhoneOther

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Overview of Connected Energy Consumption

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

Ene

rgy

Co

nsu

mp

tio

n (

TWh

pa)

Upstream - Non-Streaming

Upstream - Streaming Media

Device Energy - Streaming Media

Device Energy - Network Active

Device Energy - Network Standby

Upstream

Downstream

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Detailed Upstream Energy Consumption

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Demonstration of TEM Charts

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Demonstration of TEM Charts

Explain the chart items and features

Examples of what can be examined for each of the chart tabs

Base Case

Scenarios:

Edge device network standby,

LAN,

Upstream