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Annie Broadhead Ginni Light 1
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PER L’INSEGNANTE
Tota
l FIR
ST
- New
Ed
ition S
tud
ent’s B
ook
Annie Broadhead Ginni Light
Total FIRST: Student’s Book + Language Maximiser + 1 CD audio ROM + 1 CD audio + eBook (solo scaricabile) + InClasse + C.D.I. (elementi indivisibili)
ISBN 978-88-530-1507-5-C
BC_Total-First_COP_SB_sviluppo_C.indd 1 22/12/14 10:53
UNIT 9
9090
Ban on ugly fruit and vegetables is scrappedFour interested parties give their opinions...
A Marianne Fisher, EU RepresentativeWe are often accused of over-regulation and being unnecessarily strict about the permitted sizes and shapes of farm produce. Indeed, we have been the target of jokes about this so we decided to get rid of needless rules. As a result, the curved cucumber and the knobbly carrot have returned to supermarket shelves. This is a concrete example of our drive to eliminate red tape. However, ten standards remain for apples, citrus fruit, kiwi, peaches, pears, table grapes and tomatoes. But even so, countries can now allow shops to sell products regardless of their shape and size. However, they can only do this provided the products are labelled to set them apart from ‘extra’, ‘class I’, and ‘class II’ fruit and vegetables.
B John Fitzwilliam, Minister of Agriculture
I think that with this change of heart by the EU, people now have more choice, especially if they aren’t bothered by what shape their fruit or veg comes in. It also means that growing produce has become a lot easier for farmers as they don’t have to meet the exact shape, size and colour that EU legislation demanded. It reduces waste because all the misshapen vegetables and so on can now be sold in the shops instead of being thrown away or fed to animals. This change in the law also helps growers to decide whether they want to follow organic or more conventional production methods. The intention is to help families to buy cheaper fresh food and offer a wider range of prices and choice of products so that even those on the lowest incomes can now afford to eat fresh food on a daily basis. In the long run, it can hopefully reduce the number of illnesses stemming from a diet low in fruit and vegetables.
C Patrick Brown, Organic Farmer
Growers work extremely hard to produce high-quality food but, unfortunately, nature doesn’t always comply with our wish to produce a perfectly round cabbage or a perfectly straight carrot. It’s really good that people now have the chance to eat oddly-shaped fruit and vegetables. They’ll see that they taste just as good if not better than fruit with a perfect shape and size. It also eliminates terrible waste. We no longer have to throw away good products simply because they’re too short, fat, or whatever. Three years ago I grew organic carrots and they were rejected by a leading supermarket chain because apparently they were too red and too wonky. As organic growers, we aren’t concerned about appearance but about inner quality.
D Valerie Roskell, Head of Consumer GroupFor years, we laughed at the law that said that cauliflowers must be more than 11cm in diameter. Now even garlic heads with missing cloves can be sold. In fact, we can buy produce just as nature intended – not perfect, but in all shapes and sizes, including the downright ugly. However, for some products, such as strawberries and tomatoes, misshapen examples can be sold in shops but must be labelled for cooking rather than to be eaten fresh. But I’m sure people are sensible enough to make up their own minds whether they put a strawberry in a pie or just pop it into their mouths uncooked. We believe that fresh, local and seasonal is much better than a bland but cosmetically perfect piece of fruit or veg.
BC13008_0900_U09_§088-097.indd 90 19/12/14 16:35
Food & Food Issues
9191
Reading and Use of English PART 7 – Multiple matching
10 You are going to read a newspaper article in which four people talk about their reaction to a change in EU law on fruit and vegetables. Before you start reading, work with a partner and discuss these statements.
1 If we don’t support local farmers by buying their fruit and vegetables, they will go out of business.
2 It’s always healthier to eat locally grown food rather than imported food.
3 GM (genetically modified) food is bad for the environment and our health.
4 The government should ban chemicals in food production.
11 For questions 1-10, choose from the people (A-D). The people may be chosen more than once.
Which person says
they think regional produce is better? 1
people are able to choose from a greater variety of food? 2
people can judge for themselves if a strangely shaped carrot is delicious? 3
people can decide for themselves what to do with the food they buy? 4
they are made fun of? 5
people will be physically fitter? 6
farmers can now decide whether to go green or not? 7
they have abolished unnecessary laws? 8
it’s really hard to produce vegetables to a prescribed shape? 9
fresh produce will still be graded? 10
VocabularyVerb + dependent preposition
Certain verbs are generally followed by specific prepositions. For example, in text A you read accused of. There is no rule that can be applied – you simply have to learn the more common ones by heart.
12 Look at the sentences below and underline the verb + dependent preposition.
1 They agreed on the fact that GM food could help to feed the growing population.
2 If we compare GM plants with non-modified plants, the GM plants are far more drought-resistant.
3 More and more people are insisting on eating only organic food.
13 In the sentences below, choose the appropriate preposition.
1 She agreed ..... her friend that the ice cream was the best she’d ever eaten.
A to B from C with D on
2 I can’t concentrate ..... following the recipe if you keep talking to me.
A to B on C with D by
3 He won’t succeed ..... becoming a chef unless he works a bit harder.
A on B by C through D in
4 They thanked us ..... the meal.
A on B for C by D from
5 He apologised ..... spilling the soup.
A for B in C by D with
14 Complete the sentences with the correct preposition.
1 Prince Charles is known to care deeply ...... sustainable farming methods.
2 Organic farmers believe ...... using natural pest control.
3 Jamie Oliver is admired ...... doing something about children’s eating habits.
4 He borrowed a cookbook ...... his sister.
5 The food was so bad in the restaurant that they complained ...... the head waiter ...... it.
6 She explained ...... her friend how she had made the dessert.
7 They helped their friends ...... the barbecue.
8 She invited her class ...... dinner to celebrate her birthday.
9 We objected ...... the price we had to pay for a simple pizza.
10 I prefer pasta ...... potatoes any day.
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UNIT 9
94
UNIT 9
94
!
ListeningPART 1 – Multiple choice
22 Before you listen to different people talking about eating, food and cooking, discuss these questions with a partner.
1 Have you got a sweet tooth or do you prefer savoury food? Do you think food preferences are inherited or learnt?
2 If you could choose a famous person to take you to a posh restaurant, who would you choose and what would you eat?
3 Do you think women are better cooks than men? Why/Why not?
4 Do you think cookery should be taught at school? Why/Why not?
Exam Tip!Before you listen, highlight the key words in the questions and options.
23 For questions 1-8, choose the best answer (A, B or C).
1 You hear a woman talking about a restaurant. She was disappointed with the restaurant because
A the food was poor quality.
B the service was bad.
C the bill was higher than expected.
2 You hear a man talking about cooking. How did he become interested in cooking?
A His grandmother was a great cook.
B He found an old cookery book.
C His girlfriend couldn’t cook.
3 You hear two students talking about their course in food technology. What are they enjoying about their course?
A It’s preparing them to work in a range of jobs.
B The content is really up to date.
C The lecturers are exceptionally good.
4 You hear two friends talking about Japanese food. The girl likes Japanese food because
A it’s healthy.
B it looks attractive.
C it’s quick to prepare.
5 You hear two friends talking about genetically modified food. What is the boy concerned about?
A whether it can be dangerous to health
B whether it can damage the environment
C whether it will increase the cost of food
6 You hear a man talking about fast food. These days he eats fast food
A when he’s really busy.
B when he’s on holiday.
C when he’s trying to save money.
7 You hear a woman talking about her local supermarket. What’s new in the store?
A They now make their own bread.
B They have a Global Foods section.
C They promote locally grown produce.
8 You hear a brother and sister talking about the food they eat at home. What do they particularly appreciate about it?
A the variety
B the quality
C the taste
24 Discuss these questions in small groups.
1 Which speaker(s) in the Listening in exercise 24 did you find most interesting? Why?
2 What did you find easy or hard about the listening questions in exercise 24?
3 What do you think you can do to improve your listening skills?
25 Work in pairs. Choose one of the topics below and take turns to speak about your topic for one minute without stopping.
TOPICS
Fast foodEating in restaurantsPeople who like cookingA career in the food industryA different country’s cuisineGenetically modified foodYour local food storesYour mother’s/father’s cooking
What have you learnt from your partner about their topic?
3.B
BC13008_0900_U09_§088-097.indd 94 19/12/14 16:35
95
GRAMMARModal verbs of certainty/probability Certainty
Will/won’t + base infinitive express certainty in the present/future.– He will definitely get an interview for the chef’s
position.
Will/won’t + perfect infinitive express certainty about the past.– She won’t have finished her nutritional training
course yet.
Probability
Must/should/shouldn’t + base infinitive express probability in the present/future.– He must be happy working in the restaurant as he
never complains.– They should be on their way to the pizza parlour by
now.
Must/should/shouldn’t + perfect infinitive express probability in the past.– He must have been happy working as a waiter as he
did it for 30 years.– It shouldn’t have been difficult to find the café.
Possibility
Might/might not/may/may not/could + base infinitive express possibility in the present/future. – The meal might turn out better than you hope.– The fish might not be as fresh as you think.– She may not be able to follow the recipe.– He may cook paella better than you can.– It could be the best meal you’ve ever tasted.
Impossibility
Can’t + base infinitive expresses impossibility in the present/future. – She can’t prepare a three-course menu by herself in
30 minutes.
Can’t/couldn’t + perfect infinitive express impossibility in the past.– He couldn’t have invented the recipe himself.– She can’t have made the sauce as she is only just
learning how to cook.
1 Match these sentences to the use of the modal verb.
1 They can’t have grown these fruit in Europe because they need a tropical climate.
2 He won’t like this menu because there’s not much for vegetarians like him to choose.
3 It could be organic meat because I bought it from a very good butcher’s.
4 You must have forgotten to add salt – this soup doesn’t taste quite right.
5 The cake should be nearly ready; it’s been in the oven for 40 minutes.
6 I won’t have won the cookery prize – my dish was a disaster!
A Possibility about the present or the future
B Probability in the present or future
C Impossibility in the past
D Certainty about the past
E Probability in the past
F Certainty about the present or future
2 Rewrite the sentences using a modal verb of certainly or probability. Sometimes more than one answer may be correct.
Example:
My brother didn’t cook this dish; it’s impossible!My brother can’t/couldn’t have cooked this dish!
1 It’s possible that this dessert is too sweet for you.
2 I’m certain the local farmer isn’t going to use that new pesticide.
3 These are probably free-range eggs.
4 I’m sure Mike put the ice cream in the freezer.
5 It’s impossible to find a good restaurant near here.
6 Susan probably ate lunch at the cafeteria.
7 It’s possible that I didn’t bake the cake for long enough.
8 He’s probably fed up with all these cookery programmes on TV.
BC13008_0900_U09_§088-097.indd 95 19/12/14 16:35
READING AND USE OF ENGLISH
96
Part 1 – Multiple-choice cloze
Exam Strategies• Read the four options carefully before you choose your answer.
• Think carefully about words that have similar meanings.
• Make sure your answer fits into the sentence.
• Never choose more than one option.
For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Does your food sound good?
A recent study found that the taste of food could be (0) ............... by changing the sonic properties of a background soundtrack. Although scientists are not (1) ............... sure what happens in the brain yet, something does happen.A famous British chef, Heston Blumenthal, has (2) ............... with this idea and has created a dish called the ‘Sound of the Sea’. It is served with an iPod playing sounds of the seaside and Heston is (3) ............... that it makes the food taste fresher. One crisp company changed the material it used to make packets, as the crunchier sound made the crisps taste fresher to (4) ............... .But more (5) ............... uses are being developed. One that could have an important (6) ............... is the use of music to remove unhealthy (7) ............... without people noticing the difference in taste. Potentially, you could (8) ............... the sugar in a food but use music to make it seem just as sweet to the person eating it.
0 A disrupted B adjusted C exchanged D compromised
1 A entirely B only C extremely D merely
2 A tested B researched C investigated D experimented
3 A satisfactory B thoughtful C realistic D convinced
4 A users B consumers C diners D bestsellers
5 A overall B inclusive C widespread D expanding
6 A impact B weight C cause D basis
7 A items B ingredients C characteristics D features
8 A drop B sink C reduce D settle
B
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UNIT 9
97
Part 2 – Open clozeFor each question 1-8, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Keeping teenagers healthy
Eating well is crucial for growing teenagers (0) .................... their nutritional needs are higher during this time. Researchers found that (1) .................... 1978 soda and juice consumption among adolescents has tripled. These sugary beverages contribute (2) .................... excessive weight gain. (3) .................... 100 percent fruit juice contains a pure source of sugar and no fibre. Diet sodas can (4) .................... consumed in moderation, however, water is the best and healthiest option. Breakfast is the most important meal of the day. Consuming a healthy breakfast is associated with improved memory and cognitive function, a better mood and decreased absenteeism from school. Snacks with a source of calcium, (5) .................... example, yogurt or milk, are ideal. Teenagers require and absorb more calcium, (6) .................... is essential for increased skeletal growth.Portion size is also important if maintaining a healthy weight is an issue. (7) .................... is a tendency for people, (8) .................... only teenagers, to overfill plates especially when they feel hungry.
Part 3 – Word formation For questions 1-8, read the text below. Use the word given in capital letters at the end of some of the lines to form a new word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0).
because
Eat more algae
Algae could provide a (0) .............................. to some of the world’s most complex problems. One problem researchers are struggling with is food (1) .............................. due to rising populations around the world.Algae can be (2) .............................. in the ocean, a big bonus with land and fresh water (3) .............................. in demand.Researchers who are interested in (4) .............................. food predict that algae farming could become one of the world’s biggest crops. It has long been a common food in some countries (5) .............................. Japan. Currently there is no large-scale, (6) .............................. algae farm in the UK, although such farms could easily work there and be very successful. The great thing about seaweed is it grows at a phenomenal rate, it’s (7) .............................. the fastest-growing plant on earth. Many (8) .............................. also say the biofuel derived from algae could help reduce the need for fossil fuels. That would be a wonderful additional benefit.
solution SOLVE
SHORTGROWINCREASESUSTAIN
INCLUDECOMMERCE
QUESTION
SCIENCE
BC13008_0900_U09_§088-097.indd 97 19/12/14 16:35
Robert Hampton 1
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Total FIRST New Edition
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PER L’INSEGNANTE
A. Broadhead G. Light R. Hampton
STUDENT’S BOOK + LANGUAGE MAXIMISER +
CD AUDIO ROM + CD AUDIO +
EBOOK + INCLASSE + C.D.I.
ISBN 978-88-530-1507-5
BLACK CAT
Total FIRST: Student’s Book + Language Maximiser + 1 CD audio ROM + 1 CD audio + eBook (solo scaricabile) + InClasse + C.D.I. (elementi indivisibili)
Tota
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Robert Hampton
Questo volume, sprovvisto del talloncino a lato, è da considerarsi copia di SAGGIO-CAMPIONE GRATUITO, fuori commercio (vendita e altri atti di disposizione vietati: art. 17, c. 2, L. 633/1941). Fuori campo applicazione I.V.A. (D.P.R. 26/10/72, n. 633, art. 2, 3° c., lett. d.) € 33,00
(prezzo defiscalizzato € 31,73)
BC_Total-First_COP_MAX_sviluppo_C.indd 1 22/12/14 11:03
1 Underline the correct word(s) in each sentence.
1 Mary put the kettle/whisk/microwave on to boil and then made herself a cup of tea.
2 I’m really pleased with my new peeler/blender/kettle. I can make fantastic soups, purées and fruit drinks with it.
3 Lots of people use a fork to mix eggs, but I prefer to use a tin-opener/peeler/whisk.
4 The aroma of fresh coffee which fills the kitchen when I use the blender/liquidizer/grinder is incredible.
5 I think that a peeler/toaster/lid makes preparing lots of potatoes much easier.
6 Sheila turned the gas up too high and the oil in the cake tin/frying-pan/mixing bowl caught fire.
7 Fish cooks particularly well in the toaster/microwave/kettle.
8 You can save energy when cooking by turning down the gas and putting a wooden spoon/frying-pan/lid on the saucepan.
2 Put the words into the correct column of the table according to their meaning.
stir • boil • chop • bake • squeeze grate • cut • beat • steam • peel
whisk • slice • add • fry • melt • heat
preparing mixing cooking
3 Choose the best preposition from the box to complete these sentences. Some may be used more than once.
in • for • on • with • to
1 Our garden provides us .................. a constant supply of fruit and vegetables all year round.
2 We all like poultry but we can never agree .................. whether to choose chicken, turkey or goose for special occasions.
3 Susan apologised .................. her mother .................. burning the cake.
4 I’m really interested .................. the macrobiotic diet – I hope it helps me to lose weight.
5 Everybody blamed the cat .................. stealing the fish, but I suspect it was actually the dog.
6 After many attempts, Jane succeeded .................. making the perfect chocolate mousse.
7 Everybody congratulated Harry .................. winning first prize in the cookery competition.
4 Choose the correct word from the box to complete the idiomatic expressions based on food.
cool • spill • pinch piece • pod • go
1 If I tell my dad I’ve dented his car, he’ll .................. bananas.
2 You have to take most of what Daphne says with a .................. of salt – she tends to exaggerate!
3 We were all expecting Robert to be nervous when he played the piano in public the first time, but actually he was as .................. as a cucumber.
4 Although they’re not twins, it’s almost impossible to tell the two sisters apart. They’re like two peas in a .................. .
5 The test was a .................. of cake and I finished it easily in about half the available time.
6 Trust Mark to .................. the beans! I told him to keep the information secret, but he couldn’t resist telling his best friend.
36
UNIT 9Food & Food Issues
BC_13008_Total_MAXIMISER_U9_NEW.indd 36 18/12/14 18:29
Food & Food Issues
37
5 Choose the best phrase (A, B, C or D) to fill the gaps in the conversations.
1 – I thought I saw your cousin Mark in town yesterday. I waved, but the person didn’t wave back.
– Well, relax! It ............................. him because he’s in Miami.
A mustn’t be
B can’t have been
C can’t be
D couldn’t be
2 – I can’t find my phone. I know I had it when I got home last night because I sent a text.
– You ............................. it in the bathroom. You’re always doing that.
A may have left
B may leave
C must leave
D should have left
3 – The fish I bought for lunch is on the floor. Do you think it was the dog?
– No, it ............................. the cat, because the dog was out in the garden
A must be
B may be
C must have been
D has to be
4 – Hilary ............................. back by now – it’s past midnight.
– Have you tried calling her?
A must have been
B must be
C has to be
D should be
5 – Mum, we did a test at school today and Jane told me all the answers!
– Well, she ............................. that – it’s dishonest. In any case, how do you know they were the right answers?
A shouldn’t do
B mustn’t do
C needn’t do
D shouldn’t have done
Reading and Use of EnglishPART 4 – Key word transformation
For questions 1-6, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given.
1 Simon had never tried Japanese food before. FIRST It was ………………………………………. Simon had ever tried Japanese food.
2 Kate couldn’t make the pizza base because they had no flour left. RUN Kate couldn’t make the pizza base because they ………………………………………. flour.
3 Clea found the cookery programme really fascinating. BY Clea ………………………………………. the cookery programme.
4 Adapting to drinking coffee without sugar can be hard. USED It can be hard ………………………………………. drinking coffee without sugar.
5 Stella’s grandmother asked her to get the table ready for dinner. LAY ‘Would you ………………………………………. for dinner, please Stella,’ said her grandmother.
6 Paul had always wanted to open his own restaurant.
AMBITION It had always ………………………………………. open his own restaurant.
BC_13008_Total_MAXIMISER_U9_NEW.indd 37 18/12/14 18:29
94
ADDITIONAL EXERCISES
94
PRACTICE TEST 2
Reading and Use of English – Part 1 1 hour 15 minutes
For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Example
0 A conscious B aware C awake D known
0 A B C D
YOUNG MUSICIAN OF THE YEAR
Freddie Moore is well (0) .................... of the anticipation and excitement of taking part in the Young Musician of the Year competition because this 16-year-old was last year’s winner.Every two years, since 1978, there has been a televised competition to find the country’s best young (1) .................... musician. It is open to everyone under the age of 18 who has passed an advanced exam in a musical instrument. Unlike other TV talent shows in which a performer can become an overnight (2) .................... , these are dedicated young musicians who have been learning their instruments for years and whose dream is to become (3) .................... musicians. Freddie’s parents sent him to piano lessons at the age of four because he already showed (4) .................... of talent. ‘I’ve always enjoyed performing and my ambition is to (5) .................... my career in music. However, when it came to the finals, I was very apprehensive because I knew the other two finalists were excellent. I could hardly bear to listen to the judges’ (6) .................... of the winner and when I realised it was my name they’d said, I was (7) .................... overwhelmed. This is a very important (8) .................... for me personally and I feel sure it will help me professionally.’
1 A classic B classical C historical D old-fashioned
2 A winner B contestant C finalist D success
3 A qualified B expert C skilful D professional
4 A signs B signals C symbols D gestures
5 A have B do C make D work
6 A notice B advice C advert D announcement
7 A very B nearly C totally D extremely
8 A reward B achievement C qualification D profit
BC_13008_Total_MAXIMISER_068-120.indd 94 07/01/15 16:57
95
ADDITIONAL EXERCISES
95
PRACTICE TESTS
Reading and Use of English – Part 2
For questions 9-16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Example
0 A L S O
THE LONDON TUBE MAP
As a design, the map of the London Underground has not only become a classic, but (0) .................... a symbol of London. It is instantly recognisable and frequently features (9) .................... T-shirts, bags and other souvenirs.In 1933, Harry Beck, a London Underground employee, came up (10) .................... the idea of simplifying the existing map. He got his inspiration from the electrical diagrams (11) .................... he drew for the company. He realised that (12) .................... the network was mostly underground, travellers didn’t need to know exact physical locations in order to get from one station to another. He gave (13) .................... line a distinct colour and used only vertical, horizontal and diagonal straight lines. Ordinary stations and interchange stations (14) .................... marked with different symbols. The river and mainline stations were the only other features on the map.The directors of the London Underground were sceptical about the new map, but passengers were immediately enthusiastic when it was (15) .................... issued. Beck continued to work on the map until 1960, adding new stations and lines and perfecting his design. (16) .................... the years, it has been altered very little. In 2009, an attempt was made to remove the River Thames from the map but it was soon reinstated in response to public protest.
BC_13008_Total_MAXIMISER_068-116_NEW2.indd 95 19/12/14 11:31
112
ADDITIONAL EXERCISES
112
PRACTICE TEST 2
CANDIDATE B
How do you think the people are feeling?
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113
ADDITIONAL EXERCISES
113
PRACTICE TESTS
CANDIDATES A AND B
your first day at school
Why might these occasions be
important in a person’s life?
moving out of the family home
graduating from university the birth of
your first child
your first driving lesson
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