total maximum daily loads for pcbs in the trinity river...total maximum daily loads for pcbs in the...

Total Maximum Daily Loads for Total Maximum Daily Loads for PCBs in the Trinity RiverPCBs in the Trinity River

Segments 0829, 0806, 0841, & 0805Segments 0829, 0806, 0841, & 0805

August 26, 2008August 26, 2008

Kirk Dean, Ph.D.Parsons

under contract to the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality

IntroductionIntroductionSection 303(d) of the federal Clean Water Act Section 303(d) of the federal Clean Water Act (CWA) requires States to identify water bodies that (CWA) requires States to identify water bodies that do not meet applicable water quality standardsdo not meet applicable water quality standards

Pursuant to the CWA and development of the 303(d) Pursuant to the CWA and development of the 303(d) list, the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality list, the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) is responsible for development of Total (TCEQ) is responsible for development of Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs)Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs)

IntroductionIntroduction

The goal of a TMDL is to determine the amount (or The goal of a TMDL is to determine the amount (or load) of a pollutant that a body of water can receive load) of a pollutant that a body of water can receive and still support its designated usesand still support its designated uses

That allowable load is then allocated among all That allowable load is then allocated among all sources of pollution within the watershedsources of pollution within the watershed

Measures to reduce the pollutant loads are developed Measures to reduce the pollutant loads are developed as necessaryas necessary

Impaired Segments/Assessment UnitsImpaired Segments/Assessment Units

Texas Department of State Health Services (TDSHS) Texas Department of State Health Services (TDSHS) issued Aquatic Life Order 14 (ALissued Aquatic Life Order 14 (AL--14) and Fish 14) and Fish Consumption Advisory 25 (ADVConsumption Advisory 25 (ADV--25) in 2002 due to 25) in 2002 due to ““PCBs in fish tissuePCBs in fish tissue”” for 150 miles of the Trinity for 150 miles of the Trinity RiverRiver

As a result the TCEQ placed four segments (nine As a result the TCEQ placed four segments (nine Assessment Units (AU)) of the Trinity River on the Assessment Units (AU)) of the Trinity River on the CWA 303 (d) list due to impairment of the CWA 303 (d) list due to impairment of the ““fish fish consumptionconsumption”” designated usedesignated use

TMDL Process and Project ScheduleTMDL Process and Project Schedule

Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)

A group of 209 compounds, known as PCB congenersA group of 209 compounds, known as PCB congenersFrom 1 to 10 chlorines on 2 connected benzene ringsFrom 1 to 10 chlorines on 2 connected benzene ringsProperties and toxicity vary, but all poorly soluble in waterProperties and toxicity vary, but all poorly soluble in waterTend to be associated with sediments in aquatic systemsTend to be associated with sediments in aquatic systemsHighly resistant to degradationHighly resistant to degradationResidence times in aquatic systems on the order of decadesResidence times in aquatic systems on the order of decades

Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)

Sold under trade name AroclorSold under trade name AroclorUsed mainly asUsed mainly as

Dielectric fluids in transformersDielectric fluids in transformersHeat transfer fluidsHeat transfer fluidsHeatHeat--resistant hydraulic fluidsresistant hydraulic fluids

Production, distribution and new use banned in Production, distribution and new use banned in 1976 by Toxic Substances Control Act 1976 by Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA)(TSCA)

PCB Conceptual ModelPCB Conceptual Model

Point source effluent

Wet

/dry

de

posit

ion

Wet

/dry

de

posit

ion

Discharges from tributaries

Runoff

Equilibrium partitioning

Discharges

Bottom sedimentsfrom groundwater

Volat

ilizat

ion

BurialResuspension

Dissolved phase

BSAFBSAFBAF Suspended solids

IN

OUT

Phot

odeg

rada

tion

Biodegradation


Wet

/dry

de

posit

ion

Wet

/dry

de

posit

ion


Runoff


Discharges


Volat

ilizat

ion

BurialResuspension

Dissolved phase


IN

OUT

Phot

odeg

rada

tion

Biodegradation


Wet

/dry

de

posit

ion

Wet

/dry

de

posit

ion


Runoff


Discharges


Volat

ilizat

ion

BurialResuspension

Dissolved phase


IN

OUT

Phot

odeg

rada

tion

Biodegradation

PCB Conceptual ModelPCB Conceptual Model

TMDL Development ApproachTMDL Development ApproachMultipleMultiple--box mass balance analytical modelbox mass balance analytical model

Model ImplementationModel ImplementationQuantification of PCBs levels in each segment and Quantification of PCBs levels in each segment and AUAURate of PCBs exchange between segments / Rate of PCBs exchange between segments / AUsAUsExternal PCBs loading to each segment / External PCBs loading to each segment / AUsAUsEstimate of removal mechanismsEstimate of removal mechanisms

Data CollectionData CollectionMarch 2008 March 2008 –– August 2008August 2008

Flow data (USGS)Flow data (USGS)InIn--stream water PCB concentration measurementsstream water PCB concentration measurements

18 measurements at 13 main stem sites18 measurements at 13 main stem sites

Sediment PCB concentration measurements Sediment PCB concentration measurements 77 measurements at 32 main stem and 43 tributary sites77 measurements at 32 main stem and 43 tributary sites

PCB loads from wastewater dischargesPCB loads from wastewater discharges8 measurements at 4 facilities8 measurements at 4 facilities

PCB loads from nonpointPCB loads from nonpoint--source runoffsource runoff9 measurements at 5 sites9 measurements at 5 sites

Fish tissue PCB concentrations (TDSHS)Fish tissue PCB concentrations (TDSHS)130 fish samples at130 fish samples at 12 main stem sites (samples collected 0712 main stem sites (samples collected 07--08/2008)08/2008)

DamOriginal sampling pointTributaryMajor storm water outfallWWTP outfallRiver (dashed line not impaired)Bridge CrossingAdded sampling point

Legend

W. 7th St

Wes

t For

k

Purcey St. outfall Henderson

W. Lancaster

I-30W. Rosedale

S. University

Rogers Rd

from Benbrook Lake Clear Fork (Segment 0829) SchematicClear Fork (Segment 0829) Schematic


Legend

from Lake WorthClea

r For

kN. University Dr.

N. Main St.

Nutt Dam

Dam #3

North Side Dr

Marine Creek

Lebow Creek

I-35

SH 121

E. 4th St

Sycamore Creek

Riverside Dr

Beach St

E. 1st St

Big Fossil Creek

E. Loop 820

Precinct Line Rd

Handley-Ederville Rd

Village Creek

Little Fossil Creek

Unnamed Creek

West Fork (Segment 0806)West Fork (Segment 0806)SchematicSchematic


Legend

Segment0806

SH 360

Roy Orr Blvd Belt Line Rd

Village Creek

Lower West Fork (Segment 0841)Lower West Fork (Segment 0841)SchematicSchematic

VillageCreekWWTP

Walker Branch

GreenbeltRd

Sulphur Branch

Unnamed Creek

Collins St

Unnamed Creek

Johnson Creek

DalworthCreek

MacArthurBlvd

Bear Creek

TRACentralWWTP

MountainCreek

Delaware Creek

W. Loop 12

ElmForkTrinityRiver

Eagle FordSump


Legend

Segment0841

SylvanAve

I-30

Upper Trinity River Upper Trinity River (Segment 0805) (Segment 0805) Schematic A (Upper Part)Schematic A (Upper Part)

InwoodRd

ElmForkTrinityRiver

WestmorelandRd

Hampton Sump

Delta Sump

Baker Sump

PavahoSump

Turtle Creek Pressure Sewer

Singleton BlvdWoodall Rogers Pressure Sewer

CommerceSt

Coombs CreekPressure Sewer

Lake CliffPressureSewer

Houston St

Jefferson St

CharlieSump

Able Sump

I-35

Bellevue PressureSewer

Corinth St

Cedar Creek

Cedar CrestBlvd


Legend

Cedar Crest Blvd

I-45

Dallas CentralWWTP

S. CentralExpwy

WhiteRockCreek

S. Loop 12

Honey SpringsBranch

ElamCreek

FiveMileCreek

I-20

PrairieCreek

DowdyFerryRd

Dallas SouthsideWWTP

S. BeltLine Rd

MalloyBridge

Rd

Ten MileCreek

ParsonsSlough

East ForkTrinity River

Red OakCreek

SH 34

FM 85

End ofSegment

Upper Trinity River Upper Trinity River (Segment 0805) (Segment 0805) Schematic B (Lower Part)Schematic B (Lower Part)

Preliminary Data ResultsPreliminary Data ResultsMarch 2008 March 2008 –– June 2008June 2008

InIn--stream PCB concentration measurementsstream PCB concentration measurements15 measurements at 13 main stem sites15 measurements at 13 main stem sites

Sediment PCB concentration measurements Sediment PCB concentration measurements 37 measurements at 20 main stem and 14 tributary sites37 measurements at 20 main stem and 14 tributary sites

PCB loads from wastewater dischargesPCB loads from wastewater discharges4 measurements at 4 facilities4 measurements at 4 facilities

PCB loads from nonpointPCB loads from nonpoint--source runoffsource runoff6 measurements at 5 sites6 measurements at 5 sites

Individual PCB congeners measured by EPA Method 1668AIndividual PCB congeners measured by EPA Method 1668A-- results presented reflect sum of results presented reflect sum of ““detecteddetected”” congenerscongeners

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150

Project Distance (miles)

Sum

of P

CB

s (n

g/L)

total PCB in waterwater quality criterionsegment boundaries

FM 85*

SH 34

Dowdy Ferry Rd

S. Loop 12*

Nutt Dam (2 samples)

FM 157 (Collins St.)*

Beach St

W. Loop 12

Commerce StWestmoreland

Belt Line Rd

Handley Rd

Purcey St (2 samples)

Segment0806

Segment0841

Segment0805

Seg0829

* additional samples collected but results not yet available

Total PCB Levels in WaterTotal PCB Levels in Water

1

10

100

1,000

-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150


Sum

of P

CB

s (n

g/g)

FM 85

SH 34

Dowdy Ferry Rd

S. Loop 12

SH 360

Precinct Line Rd

Beach St

W. Loop 12

Handley Rd

Commerce

I-45

Westmoreland

Collins

Belt Line

4th StPurcey

Rosedale

Rogers


N. University

PCB Levels in SedimentPCB Levels in Sediment

1

10

100

1,000

-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150


Sum

of P

CB

s (n

g/g)

2008 data (thisproject)1974-75 data

1980's data

segmentboundaries

FM 85

SH 34

Dowdy Ferry Rd

S. Loop 12


SH 360

Precinct Line Rd

Beach St

W. Loop 12

Handley Rd

Commerce

I-45

Westmoreland

Collins

Belt Line

4th StPurcey

Rosedale

Rogers

N. University

PCB Levels in SedimentPCB Levels in Sediment

1

10

100

1,000

-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150


Sum

of P

CB

s in

Sed

imen

t (ng

/g)

-

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

Sum

of P

CB

s in

Wat

er (n

g/L)

sediment PCB

segment boundaries

water PCB

Water Water vsvs Sediment ComparisonSediment Comparison

1

10

100

1000

0.1 1.0 10.0

Dissolved total PCB (ng/l)

Part

icul

ate

tota

l PC

B (n

g/g)

Ambient SamplesStormwater Samplesregression fit

Clear Fork @ Purcey St

ParticulateParticulate--Dissolved Phase Dissolved Phase Partitioning in WaterPartitioning in Water

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

Big Foss

il Cree

kBig

Fossil C

reek

Purcey

St drai

nDall

as Able

sump

Dallas

Ham

pton s

ump

Parson

s Slou

gh

Dallas S

ouths

ide W

WTP

Dallas

Cen

tral W

WTP

TRA Cen

tral W

WTP

FW Village

Cree

k WWTP

Tota

l PC

B (n

g/L)

River Max

River Avg

River Min

Stormwater WWTP Effluent

PCB Sources: PCB Sources: StormwaterStormwater and WWTP Effluentand WWTP Effluent

0.1

1.0

10.0

100.0

Clear F

ork at

Rog

ers Rd

Clear F

ork at

Ros

edale

West F

ork at

Univ

ersity

Marine C

reek

Sycam

ore C

reek

Big Fos

sil Cree

kVilla

ge C

reek

John

son C

reekBea

r Cree

kBea

r Cree

k

Mounta

in Cree

kElm

Fork

White R

ock C

reek

Five M

ile C

reek

Ten Mile

Cree

k

Parson

s Slou

gh

Parson

s Slou

ghEas

t Fork

Red O

ak C

reek

Tota

l PC

B (n

g/g)

PCB Sources: Tributary SedimentPCB Sources: Tributary SedimentNote log scale

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Clear F

ork at

Rog

ers R

d

Clear F

ork at

Ros

edale

West F

ork at

Univ

ersity

Marine C

reek

Sycam

ore C

reek

Big Fossil

Creek

Village

Cree

k

John

son C

reekBea

r Cree

kBea

r Cree

k

Mounta

in Cree

kElm

Fork

White R

ock C

reek

Five M

ile C

reek

Ten Mile

Cree

k

Parson

s Slou

gh

Parson

s Slou

ghEas

t Fork

Red Oak C

reek

Sum

of P

CB

s in

Sed

imen

t (ng

/g)

PCB Sources: Tributary SedimentPCB Sources: Tributary Sediment

Preliminary ObservationsPreliminary Observations

PCB levels in water exceeded water quality criteria in 13 PCB levels in water exceeded water quality criteria in 13 of 15 samples from the Trinity Riverof 15 samples from the Trinity River

PCB levels in PCB levels in stormwaterstormwater from older, densely developed from older, densely developed urban areas are much higher than those inurban areas are much higher than those in--stream, stream, indicating continuing PCB impacts, but low in rural and indicating continuing PCB impacts, but low in rural and suburban areassuburban areas

PCB levels in wastewater effluent were lower than PCB levels in wastewater effluent were lower than ambient levels in the riverambient levels in the river

Preliminary ObservationsPreliminary Observations

Peaks and dips in the spatial distribution of PCB levels in Peaks and dips in the spatial distribution of PCB levels in ambient waters occur downstream of those in sediment, ambient waters occur downstream of those in sediment, perhaps indicating gradual flux of PCBs from sediment to perhaps indicating gradual flux of PCBs from sediment to waterwater

PCB levels in sediment appear to have declined since the PCB levels in sediment appear to have declined since the 1970s and 1980s in Segment 0805 and 0841, but 1970s and 1980s in Segment 0805 and 0841, but perhaps not in Segment 0806perhaps not in Segment 0806

The variability in PCB levels in tributary sediments The variability in PCB levels in tributary sediments indicates continuing local sources in some areasindicates continuing local sources in some areas

TMDL Process and Project ScheduleTMDL Process and Project Schedule

Questions?Questions?

For further questions:For further questions:

Kirk DeanKirk Dean Dania Dania [email protected]@parsons.com [email protected]@tceq.state.tx.us512512--719719--60166016 512512--239239--34493449

total maximum daily loads for pcbs in the trinity river...total maximum daily loads for pcbs in the...

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