total parenteral nutrition(tpn)
TRANSCRIPT
TOTAL PARENTERAL NUTRITION
Armin Eisazaei-Pharm DAl Ameen College of pharmacy
TOTAL PARENTERAL NUTRITION (TPN)
supplies all daily nutritional requirements. feeding a person intravenously, bypassing
the usual process of eating and digestion. The person receives nutritional formulae that
contain nutrients such as glucose, amino acids, lipids and added vitamins and dietary
minerals . TPN can be used in the hospital or at home.
INDICATIONS
(TPN) is provided when the gastrointestinal tract is nonfunctional because of an interruption in it or because its absorptive capacity is impaired
TPN may be the only feasible option for providing nutrition to patients who do not have a functioning gastrointestinal tract or who have disorders requiring complete bowel rest,
including bowel obstruction, short bowel syndrome,Gastroschisis, prolonged diarrhea regardless of its cause, high-output fistula very severe Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis
(TPN)ADMINSTRATION
Parenteral nutrition is administered through a needle or catheter.
This is placed in a large vein that goes to the heart. It is usually used for 10 to 12 hours a day, five to seven times a week. Most intravenous feedings are completed at home
SIDE EFFECTS
The most common side effects of parenteral nutrition are mouth sores, poor night vision, and skin changes
changes in heartbeat confusion increased urination vomiting stomach pain tingling in the hands or feet swelling of the hands, feet, or legs
PHARMACIST TASKS Acquisition and DeliveryPurchase and/or preparation (!)
Distribution Drug use and administrationRecommendations and guidelines
(dosages, interactions, i.v. administration...) Control and ReviewProduct quality
Handling (correctness,legality, safety)
Analysis of indications, outcome ,Cost Stock management, Waste
PRECAUTIONThe most common risk of using parenteral nutrition is developing catheter infection.
Other risks include blood clots, liver disease, and bone disease.
It is essential to maintain clean tubing, needles, catheters, and other equipment to
minimize these risks.
NUTRITIONAL CONTENT TPN requires water (30 to 40 mL/kg/day), energy (30 to 45 kcal/kg/day, depending on
energy expenditure), amino acids (1.0 to 2.0 g/kg/day, depending
on the degree of catabolism), essential fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals
Normally, 2 L/day of the standard solution is needed Solutions may be modified based on laboratory
results, underlying disorders… Calculate requirements for water (30 to 40
mL/kg/day), energy (30 to 45 kcal/kg/day, depending on energy expenditure), amino acids (1.0 to 2.0 g/kg/day, depending on the degree of catabolism), essential fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals
MONITORINGPlasma glucose should be monitored every 6 h until patients and glucose levels become stable. Fluid intake and output should be monitored continuously. When patients become stable, blood tests can be done much less often.
THANK YOU.,