TOWARDS LIVE, CONTINUOUS BUILDING ENERGY AUDITSRecording and Managing Building Plug-load Information

Jorge Ortiz and Jason Trager LoCal RetreatJune 1, 2011

Many miscellaneous loads Plugs loads can account for almost the other 50% of

energy spend in the building Opportunity for savings:

Plug loads may be controlled locally either by user of by demand-response signal

Metering and collecting this data takes long Many sources distributed throughout the building

Energy audits today Can range from simple building walk-through

to analysis of energy use (electric bill) Comparison made to similar buildings

Most sophisticated audits may use install metering and offline building modeling

Rapid Auditing Protocol (RAP)

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Tag everything with a QR code Scan Device QR code (unique for each

device) Bind QR code with device/item Bind meters and devices

Record Device information Performed audit in Sutardja Dai Hall

Recording spatial context

Global Origin (3,0,0)

Building coordinate system (foot by foot) Origin: Southwest corner of SDH

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RAP Interface Android App Easily used Shallow learning

curve

(356MN,8,2)

(356MN,8,8)

Environment and Activity

/SodaHall

/hvac/CT /Chiller

/loadtree/panel /xform

/spaces/floor3/floor4

Electrical Load TreeClimate plant

StreamFS: Metadata organization

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Structured, Traversablenamespace

Multiple building views

StreamFS: Query system architecture

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/inventory/mote123

DB

PID1

PID1

PID2

PID2

PID3

PID3

PID4

PID4

Tim

e

GET?query=true&ts_timestamp=gt:now-100,ls=now

GET/SDH/spaces/*?query=true&props_metertype=powermeter

{“metertype”:”powermeter”,“desc”:”Electric power meter”,“timestamp”: 1290500046}

/power /temp/hum/par

Audit metadata organization/is4

/buildings /taxonomies

/SDH

/qrc

/mels

/Electronics

.

.

.

/Miscellaneous/other/inventory /spaces

http://is4server.com:8080/is4/buildings/SDH/inventory

LBNL Taxonomy

Recorded Information Basic info

Power Usage, placement, device power draw or amperage rating, device make and model number

Device Type (taxonomy) Provided by LBNL

Extra informationhttp://is4server.com:8080/is4/buildings/SDH/inventory/LCD906

Initial Rapid Auditing Results

0

50

100

150

200

250

Device Count

Compu

ters

Electro

nic D

esks

Lamps

/Plug

Ligh

ts

Lase

r Prin

ters

LCD m

onito

rs

Notebo

ok C

ompu

ters

Phone

sIm

ac

Resist

ive Lo

ads

Microw

aves

Other

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

Device Power Draw In Watts: Total 65806.39 Watts

Type Computer

Electronic Desks

Lamp

Laser Printer

LCD Monitor

Notebook Computers

Phones

Imac Resistive Loads

Microwaves

Other

Count 90 94 29 49 214 54 51 22 16 7 104Power Use

12089 216 1600 558 11066 2565 76 2700 24149 5352 5434

RAP / StreamFS•Data pulled from StreamFS•Building Rooms Plotted• Static Power use

•Easily understood•Tap into people’s perceptions•Give estimations of energy use

Upcoming work Map to other building views (electrical, HVAC) Track deployment evolution Integrate live metering Tap into the “Weak Actuator” – People

Live alerts and visualizations Address Coverage

How many sensors are needed to capture energy picture?

Use audit to investigate DR Variations How is our scenario unique?

Tracking deployment evolution Metadata organization

Typically static, now live. Streaming data from meters

Items attached to those meters changes Meters move as well

Moved to new locations Attached to different items

How do we keep accurate view of where energy is going and how it is being consumed? Context-related queries:

One-off queries on current state Live queries that account for state transitions

Metadata graph Acyclic graph of namespaces for building

views

/SDH

/inventory

{“desc”:”inventory inside SDH”“timestamp”: …}

{“desc”:”Lamp”“timestamp”: …}

{“desc”:”Phone”“timestamp”: …}

{“desc”:”Outlet”“timestamp”: …}

{“desc”:”Acme”“timestamp”: …}

r-nodes-node

/hvac/CT /Chiller

/vent

/loadtree/panel /xform

/outlet

/spaces/floor3/floor4

/power/mote123

Typical subscription /buildings/SDH/floor3/364/LCD/power |

http://is4server.com/target.php String match on source data

Data POSTed to ‘/buildings/SDH/floor3/364/LCD/power’ tagged on entry

Tag used to match against subscriptions and pushed to matches

Dynamic subscription /buildings/SDH/floor3/364/* |

http://is4server.com/target.php Still a simple match of the wildcard

source string What about relevant data that whose

ingress tag does not match? i.e. If a mobile power meter is measuring

LCD in room 364 and it is placed in another folder (i.e. /inventory) Incoming data tag will not match wildcard

expression POST /inventory/meter

Dynamic subscription (2) Using the metadata graph Check match and path existence /buildings/SDH/floor3/364/LCD/power

(symlink)

/SDH

/inventory

{“desc”:”inventory inside SDH”“timestamp”: …}{“desc”:

”Lamp”“timestamp”: …}

{“desc”:”Phone”“timestamp”: …}

{“desc”:”Outlet”“timestamp”: …}

{“desc”:”Acme”“timestamp”: …}

r-nodes-node

/hvac/CT /Chiller

/vent

/loadtree/panel /xform

/outlet

/spaces/floor3/floor4

/power/mote123

/LCD

Traditional RDBMS vs StreamFS Dealing with static data

…but stuff moves around Must re-run query as changes happen

Distillation scope change over time The components accounted for changes with context Aggregate data changes in accounting w/evolution of

deployment Not just on/off, but there or not there

Push vs Pull Data pushed to external targets User may install static or dynamic subscriptions to

incoming data

Related work Traditional energy audits Auditing MELs

Recent LBNL study Items recorded by hand Live metering with ACme power meters

integrated with the deployoment sMAP + typical RDBMS (MySQL) and non

RDBMS (MongoDB) Data collection framework Taxonomy integration

Related work (2) Streaming queries and subscriptions

Pub-sub information bus Data items self describing and include topic for

consumers to subscribe to StreamFS uses pathname and item properties

as topics, but also account for inter-relationship through metadata graph

Unix FS + pipes Typical hierarchical namespace with symbolic

linking Pipe abstraction for subscription installation

Thanks Questions?

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