COUNTRY REPORT

ESCAP/APCAEM 2nd. Session of The Technical Advisory Committee

atBeijing, China

24~25 November 2003

Cho Yeoung - Kil Ph.DDirector - General

National Agricultural Mechanization Research Institute Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-100

Republic of Korea

Contents○ Situation agriculture

○Agricultural mechanization plan

○ Support policy of agricultural machinery

○ Patrolling repair service for agricultural machinery

○ Safety accident and injury insurance system

○ Training of agricultural machinery

○ Research and development of agricultural machinery

□ Situation of Agriculture

○ Agricultural sector in national economy

Items 2001199019801970

- Population (1,000person)Total 47,34342,86938,12432,241

Agriculture sector 3,933(8.3%)

6,661(15.5%)

10,827(28.4%)

14,422(44.7%)

- Employment (1,000person)Total 21,36218,08513,6879,167

Agricultural sector 2,105(9.9%)

3,237(17.9%)

4,654(34.0%)

4,846(52.9%)

○ GDP (Billion won)Total 545,013178,26236,8572,771

Agricultural sector 24,127(4.4%)

15,592(8.7%)

5,612(15.2%)

645(22.3%)

Items 2001199019801970

Source : MAF Statistical yearbook 2002

○ Land utilization

Total Paddy field Upland Forest Others

9,940, 790 1,157,306 752,775 6,436,304 1,594,405

(100%) (11.6%) (7.6%) (64.7%) (16.1%)

unit : ha

○ Monthly average temperature

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec.

0.7 4.3 7.8 14.8 18.1 20.2 24.3 25.3 22.4 17.2 9.0 4.2

Yearly average : 14.1 ℃

unit : ℃

○ Monthly precipitation

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec.

39.5 45.1 61.9 103.6 100.3 155.5 256.5 230.4 159.1 63.4 58.9 31.0

Yearly total precipitation : 1,305 mm

unit : mm

○ Ownership of major agricultural machinery

Power tiller

Tractor

Rice transplanter

Combine harvester

Power sprayer

Power cultivator

Water pump

Grain dryer

Reaper binder

11,884

614

-

-

45,000

-

54,078

-

-

289,779

2,664

11,061

1,121

330,663

-

193,943

1,616

13,652

751,236

41,203

138,405

43,594

680,034

50,699

341,548

17,749

55,575

922,707

201,089

342,648

87,805

612,713

379,922

325,282

58,213

70,333

1970 1980 1990 2001Year

unit : ea.

Items

Agricultural Mechanization PlanDirection

○Low cost production of crops

- Supporting economic agricultural machinery

- Energy saving and high efficiency

○ Improvement of post-harvest technology

- Low temperature storage and packaging

○ Sustaining environment friendly farming system

- Precision farming equipment

Low cost, environment friendly farm mechanization

(1) Supporting the economic, energy saving, environment

friendly agricultural machinery

○ Proper agricultural machinery input plan

○ Supply low cost economic machinery

○ Environment friendly agriculture

(2) R & D for up-land crop cultivation machinery

○ Focus to promising crop

○ Commercialization of new technology agricultural machinery

(3) Efficient use of agricultural machinery

○ Cooperative use of agricultural machinery

○ Supporting second-hand agricultural machinery

○ Education of O.R.M. for agricultural machinery

(4) Repair & maintenance of agricultural machinery

○ Enhance the service capability of repair & maintenance

○ Extending computerized parts management

○ Standardization and exchangeability of parts

○ Operator’s enhancing R & M capability

○ Reduce the safety accident of agricultural machinery

○ Supporting agricultural machinery procurement cost (2002)

Total Gov’nt PAC Farmers

98,395 ea. 100% 20% 50% 30%

No of machineryLoan for machinery cost

- Applicants : farmer, Farming Corporation, Primary Agricultural Cooperatives, Agricultural Company, etc.- Interest rate : 4.0 %/year-Duration : 1 year deferment and repayment of 4 ~ 7 years-Range of loan. New technology machinery : 90 %

. For up-land crop, livestock equipment : 80 %

. Power tiller : 50%

. Others : 70 %

○ Type of agricultural machinery supported by bank loan

Item 1998 2000 2001 2002

Type of machine 134 174 177 185

Models 1,554 2,221 2,489 2,784

○ Tax free fuel system- Type of machinery supported : 38 types

○ Agricultural machinery fuel consumptionItems Gasoline Kerosene Diesel Total

Nation total 62.7 61.7 132.2 256.6

Agri. Machinery 0.7 2.4 3.6 6.7

Unit : million barrel

* the total tax free agricultural fuel is less than 3 %

○ Nullification of tax for agricultural machinery buyer- Type of machinery : 48 kinds agricultural machinery involved

in crop production and post-harvest, animal husbandry, forestry

and fishery

- Agri. machinery buyer : farmers and fisher man involved in agriculture,

forestry and fishery

○ Repair & maintenance of agricultural machinery

- Stock agricultural machine parts

- Computer network management

- Supporting loan for repair equipment

○ No. of R & M service shops in 2001

Item No. of shops

- provincial shops 48

- Regency shops 1,127

- PAC centers 733

- District shops 1,305

Total 3,213

* PAC : Primary agricultural cooperative

○ Supporting of service center by loan- Procurement of spare parts

- Procurement of repair equipment

- Loan rate : 4 % /year

□ Building of farm machinery warehouse○ Prevention of machinery break down○ Increasing the life-span○ Type of ware house : village use , service shops○ Government’s support

- Government’s loan : 70 %- Cash by farmers / shop owner : 30 %- Interest rate : 5 %/year

○ Site of warehouse- Village use : ~ 330m2

- Service shop use : ~ 660m2

- Individual farmers : ~ 100m2

○ No. of warehouse supported(houses)

~ 96 ‘98 2000 2002

2,546 2,578 184 207

□ Extending second-hand agricultural machinery

○ Purpose

- Reduce the farmer’s burden for agri. machinery purchasing cost

○ Supporting condition

- Second-hand machinery shops

- Government subsidy 50 % , shop owner’s cash 50 %

○ Supported shop in the 2002 : 8 shops

□ Patrolling repair service○ Purpose

- Repair broken down machinery before busy farming season

○ Patrolling service

- Time : spring (March - April)

Autumn ( August - September)

- Type of machinery : all agricultural machinery

○ Organizing system

- Korea Agricultural Machinery Industry Cooperative :

Agricultural machinery dealers and repair shops

- Province and Regency office : extension workers

□ Agricultural machinery safety accident○ No. of safety accident by agri. machineryItems ‘92(A) ‘98(B) Ratio(B/A)

(no. accident/100ea) (no. accident/100ea) (%)Power tiller 8.67 3.32 38.3

Tractor 6.67 3.25 48.7

Combine 6.32 3.11 49.1

* NAMRI survey 1998

○ Safety accident by power tiller (persons)

Year no. of accidents dead persons Injured persons

1999 448 51 566

2000 342 58 364

2001 306 34 384* Provincial police station reference

□ Life insurance system for agri. machinery accident

○ Types- Farm operations injury insurance- Agricultural machinery accident insurance

○ Insurance contracting institution- Agricultural cooperative / insurance company

○ Agricultural machinery accident insurance

Years Contract person Accident occurred Ratio(A) (B) (B/A) (%)

1999 22,638 736 3.3

2000 27,882 758 4.5

2001 12,497 721 5.8

□ Training of agricultural machinery

○ Training equipment (2001)

Item Total Central Province Regency

Training center 167 1 9 157

Machinery total 4,577 146 742 3,669

Tractor 425 12 99 314

R. transplanter 530 10 102 418

Combine 368 8 84 276

Others 3,234 116 457 2,661

○ Agricultural machinery trainees

Years Total Technician Rural women End-user

1998 214.4 3.6 5.2 205.6

1999 217.8 2.6 5.6 209.6

2000 194.6 2.7 3.4 188.5

2001 202.6 2.8 3.1 196.7

Unit : 1,000 person

Tractor mounted sweet potato harvester□ Structure

□ Characteristic

○ Tractor mounted one-row digger

○ Digging separation of soil, convey,

and discharge

○ Harvesting loss 2%, damaged rate 2%

(manual 17%)

○Work efficiency:0.9hr/10a

(manual:20.9hr/10a)

Sesame thresher□ Structure

탈곡부

정선부

탈곡부

정선부 □ Characteristic

○ Tractor mounted mobile type

○ Feeding by bundle, threshing rate 98%

○Work efficiency 0.5hr/10a

(manual : 4.8hr/10a)

Power sprayer hose automaticwinding device

□ Structure

□ Characteristic

○ Remote control system

○ Power source : DC 12V

or AC 220V

○Maximum control distance 200m

Vehicle disinfecting automatic sprayer for livestock farms

□ Structure

□ Characteristic○ Boom spraying width and height

controlled

○ Even spraying solution in bottom

and side of vehicle

- Solution covering rate : 75~95%

Carrot seed planter

□ Structure□ Characteristic○Walking 4-rows planter

○ Furrowing - planting - soil covering -

pressing operation

○Women can operating machine

- Mounted 2.2ps gasoline engine

○Work efficiency : 0.37hr/10a

(3 times higher than manual)

Spinach harvester□ Structure

□ Characteristic

○Walking type

○ Vibration digging - separation of soil

- collection of spinach

○ Damaged rate : less than 1%

○Work efficiency : 3.8hr/10a

(manual : 112hr/10a)

Spinach roots cutting machine

□ Structure

□ Characteristic

○ Roots cutting and removal old leaves

○ Bottom leaves removal rate 88%

○Work efficiency : 3hr/10a

(manual : 11 hours)

Membrane filtering hydrophonic cultural solution renewable system

□ Structure

□ Characteristic

○Membrane exchangeable type, pressure

and flow rate adjustable

○ Hot water cleaning system can extending

life span of membrane

○ Exchange rate : 3,000 liter/10a

(for solid type bed)

○ Germ removal rate : 99.4%

Basic technology for precision farming< Monitoring of rice yield and moisture content >

○ Rice yield monitoring accuracy improved up to 90%

- GPS and rice yield signal simulation storing and control system

○ Detected information storage and mapping program

○ Development of neural-net study program

○ Field plant covering rate and chlorophyllanalysis program- Crop growth modeling＆simulation

Portable water melon qualityevaluation system

□ Structure

□ Characteristic

○Evaluation of fruit maturity, vacuum fruit, etc.

○Utilized at water melon field, fruit collecting

market, super-market

○Quality evaluation accuracy : 83~87%

(human sense : 75%)

Partial tillage - cum - rice transplanter

□ Structure

□ Characteristic

○ Riding 6-row : partial tillage-transplanting

- herbicide application

○ Tillage method : 6 cm in width and depth

○Work efficiency : 5.5 hr/ha

Far infrared ray grain drier□ Structure

□ Characteristic

○ Far infrared ray and heated air hybrid drier

○More higher than 90% of infrared ray emission

body use

○ Utilization : rice, barley etc.열풍실

(곡물)

템퍼링실

배출구

승강기

원적외선

방 사 체 제어반

원 적 외 선

곡물건조기

Potato cleaning system

□ Structure□ Characteristic

○ Conveying potato - 1st. cleaning -

2nd. cleaning - drying - outlet

○ No. damaged potato and good looking

: darkness degree 15 ppm

(manual 21ppm)

○Work efficiency : 0.4hr/ton

(manual : 12.5hr/ton)

Washed clean rice processing system

□ Structure

□ Characteristic

○ Polishing and air washing - water spray cleaning

○ Utilized minimum spray cleaningwater

○ Easy cooking and reduced rice washing water

Green paper sorting system

□ Structure□ Characteristic

○ Feeding→lining individual

→image analysis → sorting green paper

○ Sorting factor : length and curvature

○ Accuracy : length 81~91%

curvature 94%

○ Operator setting the sorting condition

○Work efficiency : 121 kg/hr

(manual 22 kg/hr)

Design of fruit packing box for cold chain marketing

3kg 2kg 2kg

Items Oriental melon Grape box Cherry tomato

Type

Perforation rate 4.8 5.4 4.4

Material Double layer paper box

Compression more than 300kgf more than 280kgf more than 220kgfstrength

* For resisting in low temperature with high humidity condition

Standardization of machine parts for improving interchangeability

□ Journal cross ass’y for PTO shaft for tractor

L

D

2

1

4

L

D

2

1

4

Li

L

D

Lo

2

1

34

Li

L

D

Lo

2

1

34

<Outside ring> <Inside ring>

Nominal size D L Li Lo Snap ring

25-64 I 25 63.4 41.2 44.6 inside ring

28-80 28 80 - - outside ring

32-93 I 32 92 57 61 inside ring

35-106 34.92 106.3 - - outside ring

□Disc clutch of tractor

DoDi DoDi

Nominal size Do Di t104-85-3 140±2 85±1 3160-98-4 160 ±2 97.5 ±1 4

+0.020

0-0.19

0-0.19

+0.028+0.015

+0.025+0.009

+0.0250

Unit : mm

Agricultural machinery input program□Machine cost ＆break-even point computation page

○ Type : tractor, rice transplanter, combine, driver

○ Input : machinery, model, field work system

○ Output : coverage area of machine, break-even point, utilization cost

Energy saving technology for greenhouseheating and cooling

▲ Heat pump for heating and cooling of greenhouse

▲ Automatic rolling device of thermal tunnel curtain

Wind tunnel lab. for ventilation of agricultural facilities