Training and Training and Career DevelopmentCareer Development

Charlotte A. Pratt, PhD

Program Director

Division of Prevention and Population Science

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute

OverviewOverview

• Career TimelineCareer Timeline• Grant mechanismsGrant mechanisms

– TrainingTraining– Career DevelopmentCareer Development

• Success RatesSuccess Rates• Loan Repayment ProgramLoan Repayment Program• SummarySummary• Additional ResourcesAdditional Resources

Spectrum of Training/Career Development Spectrum of Training/Career Development Opportunities through NHLBIOpportunities through NHLBI

HSHS

&&

ColleCollegege

GraduGraduateate

&&

MedicMedical al

SchoolSchool

Post graduate Post graduate FellowshipsFellowships

Transition to Transition to

Established Established InvestigatorInvestigator

(Jr. Faculty)(Jr. Faculty)

EstablishEstablished ed

InvestigaInvestigatortor

MARC MARC U*STARU*STAR

UndergraUndergradsds

BRTPUGBRTPUG

ProgramProgram

UndergraUndergrads, post-ds, post-bac, &bac, &

graduategraduates s

T35 T35

UndergraUndergradsds

BRTPUG BRTPUG ProgramProgram

T32T32

T32 T32

Minority Minority institutionsinstitutions

F31F31

Minority Minority students & students & individuals individuals with with disabilitiesdisabilities

T35 T35

Minority Minority studentsstudents

F32 Individual F32 Individual award award

T32 Institutional T32 Institutional awardaward

T32 Minority T32 Minority institution awardinstitution award

K08K08

K23K23

K25K25

K22K22

K01 Minority K01 Minority facultyfaculty

K01 Minority K01 Minority institutioninstitution

K99/R00K99/R00

R mechanismsR mechanisms

K24K24

K25K25

R-R-mechanismechanis

ms ms

F33F33

Senior Fellowships

(F33)

IndependentInvestigatorInternship/Residency

Specialty

MedicalSchool

Postdoctoral Fellowships

(F32)

Awards for Individuals with a Health-Professional Doctorate

InstitutionalTraining Grants (T32)

Midcareer Investigatorin Patient-Oriented

Research (K24)

Mentored Patient-Oriented Research CDA (K23)

Scientist Development Program (K12)

Mentored Clinical Scientist Development Award (K08)

Short-TermTraining Grant(T35)

Career Enhancement Award Stem Cells (K18)

Senior Fellowships

(F33)

Career Transition

Award (K22)

Mentored Research Scientist

Development Award (K01)

IndependentScientist Award (K02)

PostdoctoralGraduate School & Medical School

Coll.

Postdoctoral Fellowships

(F32)

Predoctoral Fellowships (F31)

Awards for Individuals with a Research DoctorateInstitutional

Training Grants (T32)

IndependentInvestigator

MARCCOR (T34)

Career Enhancement Award Stem Cells (K18)

BRTPUGProgramUndergrads, post-bac, &graduates

T35 Undergrads

NHLBI Early Career Development NHLBI Early Career Development Awards Awards

(Individual K Awards)(Individual K Awards)Overall goal: Overall goal:

To transition junior faculty into successful R01 To transition junior faculty into successful R01 investigators investigators

Individual awardsIndividual awards

Provides salary support to 75% for protected research Provides salary support to 75% for protected research timetime

Support for research expenses, coursework, books, Support for research expenses, coursework, books, traveltravel

Evaluated based on the qualifications of the applicant, Evaluated based on the qualifications of the applicant, mentoring team, institutional resources, education & mentoring team, institutional resources, education &

research planresearch plan

Mentoring team critical to successMentoring team critical to success

Awardee encouraged to apply for R01 in year 4-5Awardee encouraged to apply for R01 in year 4-5

Awards For New Awards For New ResearchersResearchers

• Mentored Clinical Scientist Development Mentored Clinical Scientist Development Award (K08)Award (K08)

• Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award (K23)Development Award (K23)

• NIH Pathway to Independence (PI) AwardNIH Pathway to Independence (PI) Award(K99/R00)(K99/R00)

• Independent Scientist Award (K02)Independent Scientist Award (K02)

• Career Transition Award (K22) Career Transition Award (K22)

• Mentored Quantitative Research Career Mentored Quantitative Research Career Development Award (K25) Development Award (K25)

Mentored Clinical Mentored Clinical Scientist Development Scientist Development

Award (K08)Award (K08)

• Applicants: Applicants: Clinicians who are interested Clinicians who are interested in developing independent research careers.in developing independent research careers.

• Application deadlines: Application deadlines: February 1, June 1, February 1, June 1, and October 1.and October 1.

• Requirements:Requirements: at least 75% effort. at least 75% effort.

• Support:Support: 3-5 years. 3-5 years.

• Salary: Salary: Up to $75,000 per year plus Up to $75,000 per year plus benefits and up to benefits and up to $25,000$25,000 per year for per year for research development support.research development support.

Mentored Patient-Oriented Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Research Career

Development Award (K23)Development Award (K23)

• Applicants: Applicants: Scientists who are committed to Scientists who are committed to developing careers in patient-oriented developing careers in patient-oriented research.research.

• Application deadlines: Application deadlines: February 1, June 1, February 1, June 1, and October 1.and October 1.

• Requirements:Requirements: at least 75% effort. at least 75% effort.

• Support:Support: 3-5 years. 3-5 years.

• Salary: Salary: Up to $75,000 per year plus benefits Up to $75,000 per year plus benefits and up to and up to $50,000$50,000 per year for research per year for research development support.development support.

Facts About K08 and K23Facts About K08 and K23

Similarities -Similarities -• Mentored awardsMentored awards• Faculty appointment not required Faculty appointment not required • Require Require >> 75% effort 75% effort• 3 – 5 years of support3 – 5 years of support• Budgets similarBudgets similar

– Salary levels may vary by Salary levels may vary by instituteinstitute

Facts About K08 and K23Facts About K08 and K23

Differences -Differences -• Research Development Support -Research Development Support -

$25,000/year for K08$25,000/year for K08

up to $50,000/year for K23up to $50,000/year for K23• K23 candidates must take courses such as K23 candidates must take courses such as

study design, biostatistics, epidemiology, study design, biostatistics, epidemiology, data management, hypothesis data management, hypothesis development, drug development, etc., and development, drug development, etc., and legal and ethical issues associated with legal and ethical issues associated with human subjects researchhuman subjects research

What is “Patient-Oriented What is “Patient-Oriented Research”?Research”?

For purposes of K23 award –For purposes of K23 award – Research conducted with human subjects Research conducted with human subjects

(or on material of human origin such as (or on material of human origin such as tissues, specimens, and cognitive tissues, specimens, and cognitive phenomena) for which an investigator phenomena) for which an investigator directly interacts with human subjects.directly interacts with human subjects.

This includes:This includes:• mechanisms of human diseasemechanisms of human disease• therapeutic and behavioral interventionstherapeutic and behavioral interventions• clinical trialsclinical trials• development of new technologiesdevelopment of new technologies

What Doesn’t Count as What Doesn’t Count as Patient-Oriented Research?Patient-Oriented Research?

• Analysis of existing databasesAnalysis of existing databases• Brief interaction with human subjects Brief interaction with human subjects

(such as one blood draw)(such as one blood draw)• Candidate designs a questionnaire that Candidate designs a questionnaire that

will be administered by other staffwill be administered by other staff

The projects listed above would be appropriate for a K08

application

NIH “Clinical Research” NIH “Clinical Research” DefinitionDefinition

Clinical research is defined in three parts as Clinical research is defined in three parts as follows: follows:

(1) Research conducted with human subjects (or on (1) Research conducted with human subjects (or on material of human origin such as tissues, specimens, material of human origin such as tissues, specimens, and cognitive phenomena) for which an investigator and cognitive phenomena) for which an investigator (or colleague) directly interacts with human (or colleague) directly interacts with human subjects.  Excluded from this definition are in vitro subjects.  Excluded from this definition are in vitro studies that utilize human tissues that cannot be studies that utilize human tissues that cannot be linked to a living individual. Patient-oriented linked to a living individual. Patient-oriented research includes: (a) mechanisms of human research includes: (a) mechanisms of human disease, (b) therapeutic interventions, (c) clinical disease, (b) therapeutic interventions, (c) clinical trials, and (d) development of new technologies, trials, and (d) development of new technologies,

(2) Epidemiologic and behavioral studies, (2) Epidemiologic and behavioral studies,

(3) Outcomes research and health services research. (3) Outcomes research and health services research.

PA-06-133PA-06-133NIH Pathway to Independence (PI) NIH Pathway to Independence (PI)

AwardAward(K99/R00)(K99/R00)

• Release date: 1/27/2006Release date: 1/27/2006• Letter of Intent: Not requiredLetter of Intent: Not required• First receipt date: April 7, 2006First receipt date: April 7, 2006• Subsequent receipt dates: Subsequent receipt dates:

Standard NIH deadlinesStandard NIH deadlines• Announcement atAnnouncement at

http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/-a-files/PA-06-133.htmlhttp://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/-a-files/PA-06-133.html

K99/R00K99/R00

• Up to 5 years support, two phasesUp to 5 years support, two phases• Phase I Mentored research, 1-2 years Phase I Mentored research, 1-2 years

(K00)(K00)• Phase II Independent research support Phase II Independent research support

(R00) 1-3 years, contingent on securing (R00) 1-3 years, contingent on securing an independent research/faculty positionan independent research/faculty position

• Each phase provides funds for salary & Each phase provides funds for salary & research costsresearch costs

K99/R00 Applicant K99/R00 Applicant RequirementsRequirements

• Outstanding postdoctoral candidates who Outstanding postdoctoral candidates who have terminal clinical or research doctorates have terminal clinical or research doctorates (PhD, MD, DO, DDS, DVM, ScD, DNS)(PhD, MD, DO, DDS, DVM, ScD, DNS)

• No more than 5 years postdoctoral research No more than 5 years postdoctoral research trainingtraining

• US citizens & non-US citizensUS citizens & non-US citizens• May submit only one PI Award applicationMay submit only one PI Award application• May not simultaneously submit applications May not simultaneously submit applications

or have pending awards for any other PHS or have pending awards for any other PHS career development award (no K awards)career development award (no K awards)

K99/R00 AwardK99/R00 Award• Salary-Phase ISalary-Phase I Mentored research (K00):Mentored research (K00): up to up to

$50,000, plus applicable fringe benefits; up to $20,000 $50,000, plus applicable fringe benefits; up to $20,000 for research support/year. Total cost up to $90,000; may for research support/year. Total cost up to $90,000; may engage in teaching and/or clinical duties up to 25% engage in teaching and/or clinical duties up to 25% efforteffort

• Salary-Phase IISalary-Phase II Independent research support Independent research support (R00): (R00): Consistent with institution’s salary structure. Consistent with institution’s salary structure. Total cost up to $249,000/year.Total cost up to $249,000/year.

• Requirement:Requirement: minimum of 75% of full-time professional minimum of 75% of full-time professional ..

• Salary for mentor (K00):Salary for mentor (K00): May also request up to 5% May also request up to 5% of mentor’s salary plus benefits. of mentor’s salary plus benefits.

• Application deadline: Application deadline: 1212thth of March, July and of March, July and NovemberNovember

• http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/submissionschedule.htmhttp://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/submissionschedule.htm

Independent Independent Scientist Award Scientist Award

(K02)(K02) Applicants: Applicants: Investigators at non-federal Investigators at non-federal

public or profit U.S. institutions engaged public or profit U.S. institutions engaged in health-related research. in health-related research.

Application deadlines: Application deadlines: February 1, February 1, June 1, and October 1.June 1, and October 1.

Requirement:Requirement: at least 75% effort. at least 75% effort.

Support:Support: 3-5 years 3-5 years

Salary: Salary: Up to $75,000 per year plus Up to $75,000 per year plus benefits. No other research development benefits. No other research development support funds are provided.support funds are provided.

Career Transition Award Career Transition Award (K22)(K22)

• How to apply: Individuals apply to the NIH.

Training SiteTraining Site SalarySalary

11 NHLBI NHLBI Intramural Intramural LabsLabs

Based on experience; 100% Based on experience; 100% effort; up to 3 yearseffort; up to 3 years

22 Extramural Extramural InstitutionInstitution

Up to $75,000 per year plus Up to $75,000 per year plus benefits, and up to $75,000 benefits, and up to $75,000 per year for research per year for research support; up to 75% effort; up support; up to 75% effort; up to 2 yearsto 2 years

• Application deadlines: February 1, June 1, and October 1.

Mentored Quantitative Mentored Quantitative Research Career Research Career

Development Award (K25)Development Award (K25)

• Applicants: Applicants: Individuals with an advanced degree in a quantitative area of science or engineering who are committed to careers as independent biomedical or behavioral investigators.

• Application deadlines: Application deadlines: February 1, June 1, October 1.

• Salary: Salary: Up to $75,000 per year plus benefits and up to $40,000 per year for research development support.

• Requirement: at least 75% effort.

• Support: 3-5 years

Awards For Minority Awards For Minority ScientistsScientists

Minority ResearchersMinority Researchers

• NHLBI Mentored Career Award for NHLBI Mentored Career Award for Faculty at Minority Institutions (K01)Faculty at Minority Institutions (K01)

• NHLBI Mentored Minority Faculty NHLBI Mentored Minority Faculty Development Award (K01)Development Award (K01)

• Research Supplements for Research Supplements for Underrepresented Minority InvestigatorsUnderrepresented Minority Investigators

Mentored Career Award forMentored Career Award forFaculty at Minority Institutions Faculty at Minority Institutions

(K01)(K01)• Applicants: Applicants: Minority Institutions apply on behalf of Minority Institutions apply on behalf of

faculty and students.faculty and students.

• Application deadline: Application deadline: Announced annually, July 19, Announced annually, July 19, 2005, 2006 and 2007. 2005, 2006 and 2007.

• Faculty Salary: Faculty Salary: Up to $75,000 per year plus Up to $75,000 per year plus benefits, and up to $36,000 per year for research benefits, and up to $36,000 per year for research support .support .

• Requirement:Requirement: 100% effort during summer; at least 100% effort during summer; at least 25% effort during academic year.25% effort during academic year.

• Salary:Salary: May also request up to 5% of mentor’s May also request up to 5% of mentor’s salary plus benefits.salary plus benefits.

– Student Salary: Student Salary: $10.00 per hour plus benefits $10.00 per hour plus benefits and a summer housing allowance.and a summer housing allowance.

• ApplicantsApplicants: Underrepresented minority : Underrepresented minority faculty members interested in cardiovascular, faculty members interested in cardiovascular, pulmonary, hematologic, or sleep disorders pulmonary, hematologic, or sleep disorders research. research.

• Application deadlineApplication deadline: Announced annually, : Announced annually, usually late August. usually late August.

• Requirement:Requirement: at least 75% effort. at least 75% effort.

• Support:Support: 3-5 years. 3-5 years.

• SalarySalary: Up to $75,000 per year plus : Up to $75,000 per year plus benefits, and up to $30,000 per year for benefits, and up to $30,000 per year for research supportresearch support..

NHLBI Mentored Minority FacultyNHLBI Mentored Minority FacultyDevelopment Award (K01)Development Award (K01)

Minority Investigator Minority Investigator Research SupplementsResearch Supplements

• Applicants:Applicants: Principal investigators with Principal investigators with eligible NHLBI grants apply on behalf of the eligible NHLBI grants apply on behalf of the minority junior faculty individual. minority junior faculty individual.

• Application deadline:Application deadline: At least 3 months At least 3 months before the requested start date.before the requested start date.

• Salary and benefitsSalary and benefits: Up to $75,000 per year : Up to $75,000 per year plus benefits.plus benefits.

• Requirement:Requirement: at least 75% effort. at least 75% effort.

• SupportSupport: 2-4 years.: 2-4 years.

• Supplies and travel:Supplies and travel: Up to $10,000 per year Up to $10,000 per year

• National Research Service Awards for Senior Fellows (F33)

• Mid-Career Investigator Award in Patient-Oriented Research Award (K24)

Established ResearchersEstablished Researchers

National Research Service National Research Service Awards for Senior Fellows Awards for Senior Fellows

(F33)(F33)

• Applicants: Experienced scientists with at least 7 years of relevant postdoctoral research or professional training who are interested in changing the direction of their careers.

• Application deadline: April 5, August 5, and December 5.

• Support: Full-time up to 2 years support

• Stipend: Up to $51,036 per year, plus an institutional allowance of $5,500 per year.

Mid-Career Investigator Award Mid-Career Investigator Award in Patient Oriented Research in Patient Oriented Research

(K24)(K24)

• Applicants: Established clinicians within 15 years of their specialty training.

• Application deadline: February 1, June 1, and October 1.

• Support: 3 to 5 years, 20 to 50 percent effort, with a one time renewal.

• Stipend: Up to $80,600 plus fringe benefits per year, and up to $25,000 for research development support.

NIH K Award DataNIH K Award Data

Number of NIH K AwardsFiscal Years 1994 - 2004

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

“Patient-Oriented Research” awards begin

Trends in Number of Individual K Awards by Institute or Center

Fiscal Years 1994 - 2004

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

Excludes K12, K16, and K17.

Trends in K08 Awards by InstituteFiscal Years 1994 - 2004

0

50

100

150

200

250

NIH Success Rates for Selected K Activities

Fiscal Years 1990 - 2004

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004

Success Rate

K02

K08

K23

K24

K01

0

50

100

150

200

250

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999* 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Fiscal Year

# o

f A

pp

licat

ion

sK23K08

NHLBI K08 and K23 Applications

Fiscal Years 1995 - 2004

*Salary Cap increase, $50K – $75K; K23 begins

Loan Repayment Program for Loan Repayment Program for Extramural ScientistsExtramural Scientists

= LRP= LRP

Extramural NIH Loan Extramural NIH Loan Repayment ProgramRepayment Program

• Attract Health Professionals to res. CareersAttract Health Professionals to res. Careers• Must conduct qualified research at a non-Must conduct qualified research at a non-

profit institutionprofit institution• NHLBI Programs: Pediatric; Clinical; NHLBI Programs: Pediatric; Clinical;

Health DisparitiesHealth Disparities• Must be U.S. citizen or perm. residentMust be U.S. citizen or perm. resident• Debt must be Debt must be >> 20% of annual salary 20% of annual salary• Exchanges 2 year commitment for up to Exchanges 2 year commitment for up to

$70,000 repayment of your qualified $70,000 repayment of your qualified educational debteducational debt

• Termination by participant: $7,500/month Termination by participant: $7,500/month of unserved time plus all amounts paid on of unserved time plus all amounts paid on behalfbehalf

NHLBI Research Training NHLBI Research Training ContactsContacts

K08 – Mentored Clinical Scientist Development Award Ms. Lorraine Silsbee (301) 435-0707

K23 – Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award (301) 435-0535

K02 – Independent Scientist AwardDr. Traci H. Mondoro (301) 435-0052

K22 - Career Transition AwardDr. Helena Mishoe (301) 435-5081

NHLBI Research Training NHLBI Research Training ContactsContacts

K24 – Mid-career Investigator Award in Patient-Oriented Research Dr. Ellen Werner (301) 435-0077

K25 – Mentored Quantitative Research Career Development Award Dr. Michael Commarato (301) 435-0052

K01 – Minority Faculty Development Award Ms. Lorraine Silsbee (301) 435-0707

K01 – Mentored Career Award for Faculty at Minority Institutions Dr. Traci H. Mondoro (301) 435-0052

F33 – National Research Service Award for Senior FellowsDr. Charlotte A. Pratt (301) 435-0382

SummarySummary

1.1. Contact NIH Program DirectorContact NIH Program Director

2.2. Work with mentor, collaboratorsWork with mentor, collaborators

3.3. Prepare applicationPrepare application

4.4. Solicit local reviewsSolicit local reviews

5.5. Submit applicationSubmit application

6.6. BeforeBefore review, contact SRA, if review, contact SRA, if necessarynecessary

7.7. AfterAfter review, contact Program review, contact Program

Additional Training Additional Training ResourcesResources

NHLBI Training & FundingNHLBI Training & Funding

www.nhlbi.nih.gov/funding/training/training/index.hwww.nhlbi.nih.gov/funding/training/training/index.htmtm

NIH Training OpportunitiesNIH Training Opportunities

http://grants1.nih.gov/training/extramural.htmhttp://grants1.nih.gov/training/extramural.htm

K KioskK Kiosk

http://grants1.nih.gov/training/careerdevelopment.hhttp://grants1.nih.gov/training/careerdevelopment.htmtm