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TRAINING WORKSHOP ON GOOD PRACTICES IN REFRIGERATION - Manama, Bahrain, 27-31, May 2000

UNEP DTIE OzonAction Programme

WORKSHOP REPORT

TRAINING WORKSHOP ON GOOD PRACTICES INREFRIGERATION

BAHRAIN

Manama, Bahrain, 27- 31 May 2000

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)Division of Technology, Industry and Economics (DTIE)OzonAction Programme

Multilateral Fund for the Implementationof the Montreal Protocol

TRAINING WORKSHOP ON GOOD PRACTICES IN REFRIGERATION - MANAMA, BAHRAIN, 27. – 31. MAY 2000

UNEP DTIE OzonAction Programme 2

WORKSHOP REPORT

TRAINING WORKSHOP ON GOOD PRACTICES INREFRIGERATION

IN BAHRAIN

organised by

The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)Division of Technology, Industry and Economics (DTIE)

OzonAction Programme

and the

The Ministry of Housing, Municipalities & Environment of Bahrain

Funded under the

Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol

Manama, Bahrain, 27- 31 May 2000



TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY................................................................................................................4

1. BACKGROUND.......................................................................................................................6

2. OBJECTIVES...........................................................................................................................6

3. EXPECTED RESULTS.............................................................................................................7

4. PARTICIPANTS.......................................................................................................................8

5. METHODOLOGY.....................................................................................................................8

6. CONTENT................................................................................................................................8

7. RESULTS, CONCLUSIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND LESSONS LEARNED...............9

8. FOLLOW – UP ACTION PLAN...............................................................................................10

9. EVALUATION BY PARTICIPANTS........................................................................................10

10. ANNEXES..........................................................................................................................…..10

ANNEX 10.1 AGENDA .................................................................................................…......11

ANNEX 10.2 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS……………………………………………………………14

ANNEX 10.3 LIST OF TRAINERS AND SPEAKERS……………………………………………16

ANNEX 10.4 EVALUATION BY PARTICIPANS………………………………………………….17

ANNEX 10.5 MINISTERIAL ORDER……………………………………………………………….23

ANNEX 10.6 FURTHER REFERENCES…………………………………………………………..29

ANNEX 10.7 ABOUT UNEP DTIE OZONACTION PROGRAMME…………………………….30



Executive Summary

The implementation of a Training Programme on Good Practices in Bahrain wasapproved at the 26th meeting of the Executive Committee of the Multilateral Fund.The project is being implemented by UNEP in co-operation with the National OzoneOffice of the Ministry of Housing, Municipalities & Environment of Bahrain.

This training program is part of a comprehensive approach to reduce the ODS(Ozone Depletion Substances) consumption in the refrigeration / air-conditioningservicing. Such approach is being finalised the Refrigerant Management Plan (RMP)that is being developed for Bahrain.

The aim of this program is to implement a comprehensive training program for goodservicing practices and recovery and recycling of refrigerants in the refrigeration andair-conditioning sectors.

The training program will provide recovery and recycling equipment and shouldestablish a recycling network operated by the Ministry of Housing, Municipalities &Environment of Bahrain to collect polluted refrigerants and lubricants as well for finaldisposal. A monitoring system (as part of the operations of the national Ozone Office)will report the quantities of recycled refrigerants and should be established by thenational Ozone Office. The national Ozone Office will issue recommendations onfurther national requirements for recovery and recycling too. Some Technical Schoolsin Bahrain will include a refrigerant recovery / recycling and good practice course inits regular lessons.

As part of this training program a five-day workshop for “Training the Trainers” wasorganised in Manama from 27 to 31, May 2000. A UNEP international consultantexpert in recovery, recycling of refrigerants and good practices from the“Bundesfachschule for Refrigeration & Air-Conditioning, Maintal, Germany” served aslead instructor.

At the workshop 43 professionals from Bahrain were trained. Names and professionsof the participants are included at the list of participants ( Annex 10.2).

Additional workshops are planed by the local trainers to train further trainers andtechnicians of Bahrain.

The workshop included lectures on harmful effects of Ozone Layer Depletion, relatedinternational agreements etc., as well as lectures on CFC refrigerants, lubricants,different kind of equipment, good practices and maintenance, recovery and recyclingof refrigerants. Lectures on non-CFC refrigerants, retrofitting and envisioned futuretechnological development in the field of the refrigeration sector were also included.

Hands-on demonstrations with recovering and recycling equipment, using actualcommercial refrigeration units in need of recover, repair and recharge incl.maintenance were conducted during the training course.To show the participants how to build a low cost recovery unit with local availableparts, different mechanical and electric circuit diagrams were distributed, and theconstructions were discussed during the sessions.



The 43 trained trainers received the necessary knowledge in order to train othertrainers and technicians working with them at their respective workshop in the use ofgood practices and how to recover and recycle used refrigerants. All the planedtraining centres will receive a complete set of tools and recovering / recyclingequipment being purchased in the framework of the project.

At the end of the workshop time was allocated for discussions between theparticipants, the international consultant and the representative of UNEP and thenational Ozone Office.



1. Background

The Country Programme of Bahrain for the phase out of ozone depleting substanceswas approved by the Executive Committee of the Multilateral Fund in 1996.According to the Country Programme the total ODS consumption in 1994 in Bahrainis 181.92 ODP tons (114.27 ODP tons of Annex A-GI, 41.4 ODP tons of Annex A-GII,and 26.25 ODP tons of Annex B-GIII), of which 110 ODP tons are used in themaintenance and repair of refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment.

The implementation of a Training Programme on Good practices in Refrigeration inBahrain” project was approved at the 26th meeting of the Executive Committee of theMultilateral Fund. The project is being implemented by UNEP in co-operation with theNational Ozone Office of the Ministry of Housing, Municipalities & Environment ofBahrain. The training program is designed for Bahrain technicians to improve theirworking practices while performing service and maintenance in the refrigeration andair-conditioning sector.

The Government of Bahrain is defining a comprehensive approach to reduce theODS consumption in refrigeration / air-conditioning sector (see attached MinisterialOrder No. (1)).

2. Objectives

The main objective of this project is to assist the refrigeration / air-conditioning sectorindustries of Bahrain to comply with the accelerated phase-out schedule as set in thecountry program approved by the Executive Committee of the Multilateral Fund.

The project targets to train 100 - 200 refrigeration - and air-conditioning techniciansemployed by different refrigeration and air-conditioning companies in the entirecountry of Bahrain.

The trainers will assume a role of foremen and quality assurance experts for theiremployees ensuring that good maintenance standards and practices will be followed.They are also supposed to promote the introduction of non-CFC equipment andtechnology. The recovery and recycling equipment to be procured will also beapplicable for non-CFC equipment.



3. Expected Results

The long term expected result of the training program is to enhance good service andbusiness practices in the refrigeration sector assisting the sector to switch over tonon-CFC equipment in the next years.

The main expected results are the following:

• Minimisation and elimination of uncontrolled emissions of OzoneDepleting Refrigerants through better maintenance practices and ODSrecovery and recycling by training refrigeration service technicians.

• Creation of a recycling network to run by the Bahrain refrigerationsector companies.

• A monitoring system (being a part in the operation of the NationalOzone Office) covering the quantities of refrigerants recycled will beestablished by the Government of Bahrain (Ministry of Environment)which also will issue recommendations on recovery and recycling ofrefrigerants.

• Increased usage of non-CFC equipment and technology and non-ODScoolants.

• Reduction of the annual consumption of CFC 11 , 12, 502, MethylBromide etc.

• Incorporation of a Montreal Protocol related refrigerant recovery,recycling and good practices training module in the curricula of theTechnical Schools of Bahrain and other training centres to ensure thatall technicians do not need re-training on this aspect in the future.

• Ensure follow-up and strengthening of joint initiatives between theGovernment of Bahrain and the refrigeration / air-conditioningconcerning training programmes in recovery and recycling and goodpractices in refrigeration.

Dissemination of general information of the harmful effects of ODS can be enhancedthrough the project, since its implementation is closely related to the InstitutionalStrengthening Project.



4. Participants

At the end of the workshop 43 professionals of the refrigeration sector were trainedas trainers. It has been proposed to organise additional workshops to train the rest ofthe experts and trainers.

A detailed list of the participants is included as annex 10.2

5. Methodology

As part of this training program a five-day workshop to train the trainers wasorganised in Manama, Bahrain, from 27. to 31 May 2000. A UNEP internationalconsultant expert in good practices in refrigeration and recovery and recycling servedas lead instructor. He was assisted by the NOO to manage and organise thesessions.

During the workshop the UNEP’s training manual on “Good Practices inRefrigeration” as well as different publications and slides were used as resourcedocuments. The workshop consisted of both theoretical and practical “hands-on”demonstrations.

6. Content

The workshop included lectures on the harmful effects of Ozone Layer Depletion,related international agreements etc., as well as lectures on CFC-refrigerants,different kind of equipment, good maintenance practices, recovery and recycling ofrefrigerants, handling of used (polluted) compressor oils. Lectures on non-CFCrefrigerants, retrofitting possibilities and envisioned future technological developmenton refrigeration / air-conditioning sector were also included.

Hands-on demonstrations with recovery and recycling equipment using actualrefrigeration units in need of recover, repair, evacuate, recharge and set intooperation were conducted during the training sessions. The usage of dried Nitrogen(N2) as a protective gas during soldering of cooper tubes to prevent built up oxidesinside the tubes was shown and discussed with the participants.

Proper handling of tools especially for the use in the field of refrigeration and air-conditioning was also an important part of the lectures

The participants were also shown how to build a recovery unit with local availableparts in order to lower the cost of necessary recovering / recycling units. Differentmechanical and electrical diagrams were distributed and discussed.

All of the 43 participants received an official “Certificate of Participation” and aDiploma which certifies them to train other technicians and to work with ODS.



Time was also allocated for discussions among the participants concerningsuggested elements in the legislation regulating ODS that is being developed by theMinistry of Environment.

A detailed agenda of the workshop is included in annex 10.1

7. Results, Conclusions, Recommendations and Lessons learned.

The 43 trainers received the necessary knowledge in order to train the techniciansworking with them at their respective workshops in the use of good practices and onhow to recover and recycle refrigerants. The Training centres and recovery centreswill receive a set of the necessary equipment to recover and recycle refrigerants. Theequipment has been purchased in the framework of the project already.

Recommendations:

• An additional workshop should be organised by the National OzoneOffice (NOO) in order to train additional trainers soon.

• The RMP for Bahrain should include among its activities theestablishment of an import / export licensing system and of acertification system for technicians of the refrigeration / air-conditioningsector.

• The NOO should try to establish some collecting points for polluted(mixed) refrigerants and for used compressor oils to store them untilthere will be a final solution for their disposal in the near future.



8. Follow-up Action Plan

• These workshops are part of the RMP being drafted for Bahrain. Assuch it will be followed by other activities defined within the RMP to beimplemented by the NOO that will ensure the up-hold of good servicingin refrigeration and the follow-up and strengthening of the phase-outprocess of ODS.

• Additional workshops will be organised by the NOO in order to trainfurther trainers and technicians.

• Following the workshops the Ministry of Environment is planning toestablish a certification system for technicians in the field ofrefrigeration and air-conditioning and an import / export-licensingsystem for ODS and ODS containing equipment.

• The NOO of Bahrain will report within a year’s time on the results of thetraining program in good servicing practices and recovery and recyclingof refrigerants under the monitoring systems that will be established.

9. Evaluation by Participants

In general the evaluation of the training made by the participants on almost all pointsranged from good to very good.

For more details see annex 10.4 Evaluation by Participants

10. Annexes

ANNEX 10.1 AGENDA

ANNEX 10.2 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS

ANNEX 10.3 LIST OF TRAINERS AND SPEAKERS

ANNEX 10.4 EVALUATION BY PARTICIPANS

ANNEX 10.5 MINISTERIAL ORDER

ANNEX 10.6 FURTHER REFERENCES

ANNEX 10.7 ABOUT UNEP DTIE OZONACTION PROGRAMME



ANNEX 10.1 AGENDA

Lead Consultant : Mr. Jörg Peters,Bundesfachschule Kälte-Klima-Technik (Germany)

Saturday, 27 May 2000

08:30 Registration of participants

09:00 Opening session

Welcome address and chairman

Welcome addressUNEP DTIE’s OzonAction Programme and the Montreal ProtocolMr. Heikki Willstedt, UNEP DTIE

09:30 Coffee Break

10:00 Introduction of the Participants

10:20 The Montreal Protocol, (VIDEO)

10:45 Environmental protection, ozone depletion, greenhouse effect, CO2 emissions, energy consumption

11:30 Refrigerant Management Plan at national level to phase out ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) and thetrain-the-technicians phase. Objective and goals of the Training Programme.

12:30 Discussion

13:00 Lunch

14:00 Handling of blends (azeotropic and zeotropic blends)

15:00 Refrigerants and oils (lubricants) – new developments of alternatives for all systems, commercialcooling, sub-cooling applications.

15:45 Review of the day, Discussion Time

16:00 Closure of the day

Sunday 28th May 2000

08:30 Retrofitting-procedures (CFC’s to HFC’s and to hydrocarbons) compressor oil change, oil testing

09:30 Drop-In-procedures (CFC’s to HCFC or HCFC base on blends) oil change and oil testing

10:30 Coffee Break

11:00 Discussion

11:30 Leakproof construction of Refrigeration cycles by flaring, soldering, brazing and welding.



12:30 Lunch

13:30 Leak detection with different methods, reducing of leakage rates.



Monday, 29th May 2000

08:30 Good practices; set into operation, pressure test, evacuation and dehydration, charging

09:30 Methods of recovery and recycling.

10:30 Coffee Break

11:00 Discussion

11:30 Recovery and Recycling machines, how to use them properly.

12:30 Lunch

13:30 Recovering of liquid refrigerants. Recovering of vaporised refrigerants



Tuesday, 30th May 2000

08:30 Proper handling of refrigerant cylinders, transportation of refrigerant cylinders

09:30 How to protect refrigerant cylinders from overfill in case of recovering liquid of vaporised refrigerants.

10:30 Coffee Break

11:00 Discussion

11:30 Recycling refrigerants for re-use, acid tests.

12:30 Lunch

13:30 Handling of used (polluted) compressor oil.



Wednesday, 31st May 2000

08:30 Safety requirements and regulations, refrigerant standards.


10:00 Coffee Break



10:30 Examination

12:30 Lunch

13:30 Adoption of the workshop recommendationsMr. Heikki Willstedt, UNEP DTIE

Discussion on train-the-technicians programme

Evaluation of the workshopWorkshop participants

15:00 Closing session

Distribution of certificatesClosing statementMr. Jörg Peters, lead consultant

Closing statementMr. Heikki Willstedt, UNEP DTIE representative

Closing statement

16:00 Closure of the workshop



ANNEX 10.2 List of Participants

# Company / Workshop Name Name & Titles of Candidates

1- Rama Kant PandeyProduction Manager1- Ahmidi Industries

2- K. V. AliMaintenance Engineer

2- AIRMECH Abdul-Rasool Mansoor HasanHVAC Supervisor

3- Al Jazeera Cooling & Heating Ricardo MadaraneDesigner

4- Al Moayyed A/C Contracting Varghese KurianMaintenance Engineer

5- ALBA Yousif Hassan JaffarA/C Technician

6- ASRY Abdul-Rahim Abdul -Aziz MohamedQuality Assurance Process Controller

7- Awal Refrigeration & A/C John FranciscoHVAC & Engineer

8- AWALCO Andrew ReverdoWorkshop Supervisor

9- Bahrain Airport Services Moh'd Ebrahim HalalA/C Refrigeration Mach.

10- Bahrain Danish Dairy A. Hameed A. RazaqMaintenance Supervisor

11- Bahrain Technical & Trading Co. Mohammed SaeedA/C Mechanic

1- Abdul Redha HaqiqiElectrical Engineer12- BAPCO

2- Jassim M. SharifElectrical & A/C Plang. Engineer

1- Mohammed BuhgiChief of Planning Facilities13- BDF

2- Abdul Wahab KhalifaA/C Section

14- Diplomat Hotel Rajender SinghR & M Engineer

15- General Trading & Food Processing Fransisco J. SequeiraMaintenance Engineer

16- Hasan Habib Mahmood John Filipe Dias Ref. Technician

17- Ministry of Health Mohamed Najeeb Al-MansoorGeneral Engineer

18- Refaqs Workshop Ramakrishnana Krishana KuttyA/C & Refrigeration Technician

19- Regency International Hotel Fadel Ali MoshenA/C Mechanic

20- Sadiq & Taqi Al Baharna Mathew Mundattum KuzhiyilWorkshop Supervisor

21- TOYOTA Rogelio Q. PadillaTechnician - A/C & Electrical Repairs

22- American Navy Steve M. Dela RosaAsst. Transport Director



# Company / Workshop Name Name & Titles of Candidates

23- Bahrain Medical & Industrial Gases Abdul Hadi HassanOperator

1- Abdul Amir Ali AhmedHVAC Snr. Mech. Techn.

24- Ministry of Electricity2- Abdul Hadi Ali Al-Hawaj

A/C Technician

25- International Agencies Co. Zakareya Salman MatarQuality Systems Liaison Officer

26- Yateem A/C Ali Nasser Al-GhannamiService Engineering

27- Y. K. Al Moayyed ( MAC) Faisal Mansoor JassimForman

28- Al-Muharraq Technical School Adel Ahmed JassimHead of Refrigeration Section

29- Al-Jaberiya Secondary & TechnicalSchool

Abdul. Hussain Jaffar Ahmed Teacher - Technical School

30- Jidhafs Technical School Nabil Ali HabibTeacher - Technical School

31- Sh. Abdulla Bin Isa Technical School Abdulla Khalil EbrahimTeacher - Technical School

32- Yateem Oxygen George RodriguesOperations Supervisor

33- Bahrain Amiri Naval Force Major. Shawki Al-JowderCommander of Workshop

34- Bahrain Training Institute ( BTI) A. Rasool Yousif Al-HaykiHead of Mechanical SectionAbdulla Rashid MandiHead of operation & Maintenance

1- Saif J. Al-KawariSenior A/C Technician

35- BDF2-

Abdulla Rashid MandiHead of operation &Maintenance

36- AlFouz Services Payyappilly V. DavisForman

37- BAS Jaffer AbdullaA/C AE

To

tal 43



ANNEX 10.3 List of Trainers and Speakers

Mr. Jörg Peters,Lead Consultant:Bundesfachschule Kälte-Klima-TechnikGermany

Mr. Heikki WillstedtUNEP DTIE Representative

Mr. Abdul Elah Al-WadaeeODS Regional Network CoordinatorUNEP-Regional Office for West Asia (ROWA)Bahrain



ANNEX 10.4 Evaluation by participants

Evaluation

The Participants completed the evaluation forms according to the following grades and percentage:(from 1 forpoor to 5 for excellent (see graphics page 19)

1. What is your overall evaluation of the course?

1 � 2 � 3 � 4 � 5 �

2. Did the course provide the information you expected?

1 � 2 � 3 � 4 � 5 �

3. Was the communication between participants possible and useful?

1 � 2 � 3 � 4 � 5 �

4. Was the composition of the audience adequate?

1 � 2 � 3 � 4 � 5 �

5. As far as the contents of the presentation are concerned, did you find them adequate in explaining:

a) Environmental issues

1 � 2 � 3 � 4 � 5 �

b) Basic principles of refrigeration

1 � 2 � 3 � 4 � 5 �

c) CFC/HCFC/HFC/HC refrigerants and technologies

1 � 2 � 3 � 4 � 5 �

d) General trade safety

1 � 2 � 3 � 4 � 5 �

e) Operation and use of trade specialty tools

1 � 2 � 3 � 4 � 5 �

f) Operation and use of passive and active recovery devices

1 � 2 � 3 � 4 � 5 �

g) Good refrigeration practices

1 � 2 � 3 � 4 � 5 �

h) Retrofitting to alternative refrigerants

1 � 2 � 3 � 4 � 5 �

i) Creating preventive maintenance programs and record-keeping



1 � 2 � 3 � 4 � 5 �

j) RMP concept at company level

1 � 2 � 3 � 4 � 5 �

6. Has the recovery issue been adequately dealt with in the practical hands-on sessions ?

1 � 2 � 3 � 4 � 5 �

7. Did the training course provide you with relevant information regarding the Refrigerant ManagementPlan in your country ?

1 � 2 � 3 � 4 � 5 �

8. Did the training course provide you with the relevant information regarding the train-the-techniciansphase and your role in it ?

1 � 2 � 3 � 4 � 5 �

9. Did the training course provide appropriate training material as a basis for the train-the-technicians phase to be carried out by yourself in your country (please indicateunder 11 whether additional material could be useful) ?

1 � 2 � 3 � 4 � 5 �

10. Please give additional comments about the quality of the course and how similar courses could beimproved:



Participant's evaluation

1. Overall Evaluation of the Course'

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Evaluation

2. Did the course provide the information you expected?'

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3. Was the commnuication between particpants possible and

useful?'

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4. Was the composition of the audience adequate?'

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5. As far as the contents of the presentations areconcerned, did you find them adequate inexplaining:

5d. General trade safety

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5e. Operation and use of trade speciality tools

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6. Has the recovery issue been adequately dealt with?

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7. Was there enough information about the Bahrain RMP?

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Overall breakdown of responses

3%

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66%

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8. Was there enough relevant information on the train the

technicians phase and your role in it?

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9. Was there appropriate training materials for the train the

techniciens phase?

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ANNEX 10.5 Ministerial Order

MINISTERIAL ORDER NO.(1) OF THE YEAR 1999WITH RESPECT TO CONTROL OF THE

OZONE LAYER DEPLETING SUBSTANCES

The Minister of Housing, Municipalities and Environment,

Having reviewed Legislative Decree No.(21) of the Year 1996 with respect to theEnvironment,

And Decree No.(10) of the Year 1990 with respect to Accession by the State ofBahrain to the Vienna Convention for Protection of the Ozone Layer made on 22nd

March,1985 and the Montreal Protocol with Respect to the Ozone Layer DepletingSubstances executed on 16th September,1987, as amended,

And Decree No.(21) of the Year 1996 with respect to Re-organization of the Ministryof Housing, Municipalities and Environment,

And upon the submission of the Environment Affairs Director General,

Hereby Orders the Following:

Article 1:

In the application of the provisions of this Order, the following words and expressions shallhave the meanings assigned against each:

1. Ozone Layer Depleting Substances:

They are the Substances that are characterized by their chemical stability in theatmosphere close to the surface of the earth and contain one atom or more ofchlorine or bromine, or both, and initiate successive interactions in the stratospherecausing ozone depletion.

2. Controlled Substances:

They are the chemicals listed in the Appendices to the Montreal Protocol and itsamendments whether available on their own or available in a mixture.

3. Aerosols:

They are liquid gases used to cause pressure in containers and cans for someindustries and preparations such as shaving foam, hair dryers, perfumes,insecticides, etc..

4. Alternative Substances:

They are the Substances used as alternatives for controlled Substances and arecharacterized by having little or no effect on the ozone layer.



5. Recycled Substances:

They are previously used Substances that have been purified of impurities and unwantedsubstances.

6. Mixed Substances:

They are Substances consisting of various chemical compounds in which controlledSubstances are included in any percentage.

7. Appliances and Equipment Harmful to the Ozone Layer:

They are such appliances and equipment containing or operated by ozone depletingSubstances such as refrigerators, coolers, fire fighting equipment and items, insulationsheets and foils, computers or air-conditioners of various kinds including car air-conditioners.

8. Parties States:

They are the states which ratified the Vienna Convention for Protection of the OzoneLayer and Montreal Protocol with respect to the Ozone Layer Depleting Substancesand 90 days have passed since the date of their ratification.

Article 2:

The import of appliances and equipment harmful to the ozone layer including vehicles, cars,trucks and aerosol cans which contain or operated by controlled substances indicated belowshall be prohibited

1. Chlorofluorocarbons Compounds namely the following:CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113, CFC-114, CFC-115.

2. Halons' Group namely: Halon-1211, Halon-1301, and Halon-2402.

3. Fully Halogenated Compounds namely the following:CFC-13, CFC-111. CFC-112, CFC-211, CFC-212, CFC-213, CFC-214, CFC-215,CFC-216, CFC-217.

4. Carbon Tetra Chloride (CC14).

5. Methyl Chloroform (CH3 CC13).

6. HBFCs.

7. Methyl Bromide.

Further, such appliances and equipment that are harmful to the ozone layer shall not beexported including the aforesaid vehicles and trucks or aerosol cans to countries that are notparties to the Montreal Protocol.



Article 3:

It shall be prohibited for any natural or corporate person to import, export or re-export thecontrolled Substances referred to in the preceding Article or their alternatives or recycledSubstances therefrom except upon obtaining the written approval of the EnvironmentAuthority using the prescribed form kept for this purpose.

Article 4:

To secure the written approval of the Environment Authority, the concerned applicant shallsubmit the following documents and details:

1. A certificate of origin endorsed by a concerned authority in such country of origincontaining details of the scientific name of the Substances subject to import or export,quantity of such Substances if the country of origin is the exporting country,ingredients of such Substances, degree of purity, whether it is a mixture or recycled,percentage of each ozone depleting Substances, exporting country and importer ofsuch Substances.

2. A certificate from the exporting country if it is other than the country of originendorsed by a concerned authority indicating the importer, quantity of the Substancessubject to import or export, whether or not alterations or chemical additions weremade thereto, nature of such alterations or additions in case of their occurrence,percentage and type of each ozone layer depleting Substances.

3. A copy of the certificate of registration with the Environment Authority.

An imported consignment of such Substances shall not be permitted to be released fromCustoms save upon obtaining a written approval for release from the Environment Authorityafter examining its import documents including the aforesaid documents.

In all cases, the Environment Authority may verify such documents against details of theconsignment and for this purpose shall be empowered to carry out the necessary tests onsamples of the consignment.

Article 5:

The provisions of this Order shall not prejudice the need to follow the procedures and toobtain permits and approvals imposed by laws with respect to carrying on the business ofimporting and exporting appliances and equipment harmful to the ozone layer provided for inArticle 2 of this Order.

Article 6:

It shall be prohibited to Manufacture or use controlled Substances in any new industries, innew buildings, in extensions to existing facilities, in cleaning operations including cleaning ofclothes, printed electronic circuits, air-conditioning and cooling systems and in sterilization.

Article 7:

The Environment Authority shall prepare a timetable for the gradual phase-out of controlledSubstances in accordance with the provisions of the Montreal Protocol and its amendments.The Authority shall update such timetable on an annual basis as permitted by the rules of thisProtocol.



The Authority shall give notice of such timetable to the concerned firms and authorities byregistered letters in the month of October in every year so that it shall come into effect asfrom the beginning of the following year and so on for all the years of gradual phase-out.

Article 8:

Every natural or corporate persons dealing in the Substances provided for in Article 2 of thisOrder and has import licences in respect thereof shall register his/its name with theEnvironment Authority within 45 days from the date on which the provisions of this Ordercome into effect using the registration forms prescribed by the said Authority for this purposesigned by the concerned person or by his legal representative.

The Environment Authority shall register the names of such persons in special registerscontaining all the details indicated in the registration forms.

Article 9:

The Environment Authority shall within the month following the expiry of the date of theregistration period indicated in the preceding Article divide the permitted quantity of importsof the controlled Substances during the year following the date on which the provisions ofthis Order come into effect in accordance with the Montreal Protocol and its amendmentsand timetable for gradual phase-out thereof into specific quotas to be distributed to theimporters registered therewith on the date of distribution pro rata the business of each in thelight of their documented details registered with the Environment Authority and as shall bedeemed by such Authority in the public interest. In addition, the Authority shall in October ofevery year distribute the permitted quantity of imports of such Substances for the followingyear in accordance with the aforesaid Protocol and timetables to the importers registeredwith the Environment Authority in the distribution date and subject the aforesaid restrictions.

New establishments registered with the Authority after completing the distribution shall beentered for the next distribution following the date of their registration.

In determining the distribution quotas, consideration shall be given to include any quantity ofthe Substances that any importer had concluded a contract in respect thereof but was notsupplied thereto before the issue of this Order. If such quantity is in excess of the quotaallocated for such importer, the excess quantity shall be deducted from the following year’squota and subsequent years’ quotas, as the case may be.

Article 10:

The Environment Authority shall give notice by registered letters with note of delivery to allimporters of controlled Substances subject to distribution of the list of distribution within 15days from the end of the month following the expiry of the registration time limit.

The Aforesaid Authority shall be entitled to amend such list and to notify the importer of thefinal distribution list in view of the result of complaints that may be filed concerning thepreliminary distribution according to Article 11 of this Order.

The Authority shall review and update the registration details and distribution quotas in themonth of October in every year in view of the new or excluded establishments and proportionto the quantity permitted to be imported annually according to the timetable for gradualphase-out of controlled Substances.



Article 11:

A concerned person, who is prejudiced from the distribution of controlled Substances andfrom the quantity of the quote determined by the Environment authority, may file a complaintwith the Minister of Housing, Municipalities and Environment within 15 days from the date ofgiving him notice of the distribution list.

The Minister shall issue his decision in respect of the complaint by acceptance or rejectionwithin 15 days of the date of filing it. The Minister’s decision in respect of the complaint shallbe final.

Article 12:

Every natural or corporate person whether he is an importer or exporter of controlledSubstances shall submit to the Environment Authority a periodical report every three monthsfrom the effective date of the provisions of this Order containing everything related to thequota of controlled Substances given thereto and any fate and flux thereof, recycledSubstances and alternative Substances determined by the Environment Authority in respectof imports, exports, sales or any fate and flux thereof in any of these Substances andremaining stock thereof. The said report shall contain details of the place of production,source, quality of imported (or exported) Substances and principal consumers thereof.

All importers and exporters shall in the month of September in every year update or confirmtheir details previously notified to the Environment Authority upon registration.

If any importer fails to submit two successive reports or fails to notify the EnvironmentAuthority of the updated or confirmed details on the aforesaid date, he shall forfeit his right inrespect of the quantity not yet imported of the permitted quota. The Authority shall be entitledto distribute it to the remaining registered establishments carrying on such business.

The Authority shall give notice to the concerned person of such distribution within 15 daysfrom the date of its occurrence and the latter shall be entitled to complain against suchdistribution according to Article 11 of this Order.



Article 13:

Every establishment carrying on business in Substances subject to this Order that ceasescompletely or partially to carry on such business or is wound up by liquidation, bankruptcy orotherwise shall give notice of such cessation or winding up within one month from the date ofits occurrence and the Authority shall have the right to distribute the remaining quantity notyet imported of such establishment’s quota to other importers registered therewith.

The Authority shall give notice to the concerned party of such distribution within 15 days fromthe date of its occurrence and the latter may appeal against such distribution according toArticle 11 of this Order.

Article 14:

All workshops undertaking the repair and maintenance of appliances and equipmentcontaining Substances subject to this Order shall use at least one piece of equipment for therecovery of such Substances. It shall be prohibited to release into the air the aforesaidSubstances from appliances and equipment subject to repair or maintenance.

Article 15:

An exemption from the application of the provisions of this Order shall be given to all thenecessary requirements of appliances, equipment and chemical Substances used inlaboratories and for medical purposes provided that a prior written approval shall be obtainedin this respect from the Environment Authority.

Article 16:

Without prejudice to the provision of Article 26 of Legislative Decree No.21 of the Year 1996with respect to the Environment, the penalties provided for in Article 29 of the aforesaid Lawshall be inflicted upon everyone who violates the provisions of Articles 2, 3, 6, 12, 13 and 14.

Article 17:

The Environment Authority’s Director General shall implement this Order which shall comeinto effect from the date of its publication in the Official Gazette.

_______________________________Khalid Bin Abdulla Al Khalifa,Minister of Housing, Municipalities and Environment.

(Data/Law/Ozone law)



ANNEX 10.6 Further references

[1] Case Studies - Refrigerant Recovery and Recycling, UNEP, 1994[2] Preliminary list of Manufacturers of Recycling, Recovery and Reclaim Equipment

for Refrigerants, UNEP, 1994[3] Good Practices in Refrigeration - Training Manual, UNEP, 1994[4] Chillers and Refrigerant Manual - Training Manual, UNEP, 1994[5] Retrofitting with non-CFC substitutes, UNEP, Information Paper, 1994[6] Elements for Establishing Policies, Strategies and Institutional Framework for

Ozone Layer Protection, UNEP, 1995[7] Regulations to Control Ozone-Depleting Substances, UNEP/SEI, 1996[8] Reducing CFC in Refrigeration: Strategic Options for Countries with Low

CFC Consumption, ICF for USEPA and UNIDO, 1996[9] Report on UNEP’s continued work on addressing the needs of Low Volume

ODS Consuming Countries, UNEP, (UNEP/Ozl.Pro/ExCom/20/60), 1996[10] Selection of standards:

- ISO 11650 Performance of Refrigerant Recovery/Recycling Equipment- ARI 740.98 Performance of Refrigerant Recovery/Recycling Equipment- ARI 700.93 Specifications for Fluorocarbon and Other Refrigerants- ARI 700.95 Standard on Recovered Refrigerants- SAE J1991 Standard of Purity for Use in Mobile Air Conditioning Systems- SABS 1583:1993 Refrigerant Recycle Equipment for the Minimization of Environmental

Pollution during the Servicing and Repair of Automotive Air-conditioning Equipment,South African Bureau of Standards.

[11] ODS Import/Export Licensing Systems - Policy Design and Setting up ofLegislation, UNEP/SEI, 1998

[12] Guidebook on Implementation of Codes of Good Practice - RefrigerationSector, UNEP, 1998

[13] Zero Leaks - Limiting Emissions of Refrigerants, Denis Clodic, ASHRAE, 1998[14] Designing a Program to Recover CFCs from Domestic Appliances, Environment

Canada[15] Directory of Certified Refrigerant Recovery and Recycling Equipment, ARI,

1998[16] Handling and Reuse of Refrigerants in the United States, Industry Recycling

Guide 2, Air-conditioning and Refrigeration Institute, 1994[17] 13th IIR Informatory Note on Refrigerants: Standards for Flammable

Refrigerants[18] Guidelines for Recovery & Recycling Systems – Refrigeration Sector, UNEP, 1999.[19] National Training on Good Practices in Refrigeration – A Support Guide for NOUs, UNEP,

2001[20] Training Manual for Customs Officers, UNEP, 2001.



ANNEX 10.7 About the OzonAction Programme UNEP DTIE

Nations around the world are taking concrete actions to reduce and eliminate production and consumption ofCFCs, halons, carbon tetrachloride, methyl chloroform, methyl bromide and HCFCs. When released into theatmosphere these substances damage the stratospheric ozone layer — a shield that protects life on Earth fromthe dangerous effects of solar ultraviolet radiation. Nearly every country in the world — currently 183 countries --has committed itself under the Montreal Protocol to phase out the use and production of ODS. Recognizing thatdeveloping countries require special technical and financial assistance in order to meet their commitments underthe Montreal Protocol, the Parties established the Multilateral Fund and requested UNEP, along with UNDP,UNIDO and the World Bank, to provide the necessary support. In addition, UNEP supports ozone protectionactivities in Countries with Economies in Transition (CEITs) as an implementing agency of the GlobalEnvironment Facility (GEF).

Since 1991, the UNEP DTIE OzonAction Programme has strengthened the capacity of governments (particularlyNational Ozone Units or “NOUs”) and industry in developing countries to make informed decisions abouttechnology choices and to develop the policies required to implement the Montreal Protocol. By delivering thefollowing services to developing countries, tailored to their individual needs, the OzonAction Programme hashelped promote cost-effective phase-out activities at the national and regional levels:

Information ExchangeProvides information tools and services to encourage and enable decision makers to make informed decisions onpolicies and investments required to phase out ODS. Since 1991, the Programme has developed anddisseminated to NOUs over 100 individual publications, videos, and databases that include public awarenessmaterials, a quarterly newsletter, a web site, sector-specific technical publications for identifying and selectingalternative technologies and guidelines to help governments establish policies and regulations.

TrainingBuilds the capacity of policy makers, customs officials and local industry to implement national ODS phase-outactivities. The Programme promotes the involvement of local experts from industry and academia in trainingworkshops and brings together local stakeholders with experts from the global ozone protection community.UNEP conducts training at the regional level and also supports national training activities (including providingtraining manuals and other materials).

NetworkingProvides a regular forum for officers in NOUs to meet to exchange experiences, develop skills, and shareknowledge and ideas with counterparts from both developing and developed countries. Networking helps ensurethat NOUs have the information, skills and contacts required for managing national ODS phase-out activitiessuccessfully. UNEP currently operates 8 regional/sub-regional Networks involving 114 developing and 9developed countries, which have resulted in member countries taking early steps to implement the MontrealProtocol.

Refrigerant Management Plans (RMPs)Provide countries with an integrated, cost-effective strategy for ODS phase-out in the refrigeration and airconditioning sectors. RMPs have to assist developing countries (especially those that consume low volumes ofODS) to overcome the numerous obstacles to phase out ODS in the critical refrigeration sector. UNEP DTIE iscurrently providing specific expertise, information and guidance to support the development of RMPs in 60countries.

Country Programmes and Institutional StrengtheningSupport the development and implementation of national ODS phase-out strategies especially for low-volumeODS-consuming countries. The Programme is currently assisting 90 countries to develop their CountryProgrammes and 76 countries to implement their Institutional-Strengthening projects.

For more information please contact:

Mr. Rajendra Shende, Head, Energy & OzonAction BranchUNEP, Division of Technology, Industry and Economics39-43, Quai André Citroën75739 Paris Cedex 15, FranceTel: 33 1 44 37 14 50; Fax: 33 1 44 37 14 74E-mail: [email protected]; URL: http://www.uneptie.org/



About the UNEP Division of Technology, Industry and Economics

The mission of the UNEP Division of Technology, Industry and Economics is to help decision-makers in government, local authorities, and industry develop and adopt policies and practices that:

q are cleaner and safer;q make efficient use of natural resources;q ensure adequate management of chemicals;q incorporate environmental costs;q reduce pollution and risks for humans and the environment.

The UNEP Division of Technology, Industry and Economics (UNEP DTIE), with the Division Office inParis, is composed of one centre and five branches:

/ The International Environmental Technology Centre (Osaka), which promotes the adoption anduse of environmentally sound technologies with a focus on the environmental management of citiesand freshwater basins, in developing countries and countries in transition.

/ Production and Consumption (Paris), which fosters the development of cleaner and saferproduction and consumption patterns that lead to increased efficiency in the use of natural resourcesand reductions in pollution.

/ Chemicals (Geneva), which promotes sustainable development by catalysing global actions andbuilding national capacities for the sound management of chemicals and the improvement of chemicalsafety world-wide, with a priority on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) and Prior Informed Consent(PIC, jointly with FAO).

/ Energy and OzonAction (Paris), which supports the phase-out of ozone depleting substances indeveloping countries and countries with economies in transition, and promotes good managementpractices and use of energy, with a focus on atmospheric impacts. The UNEP/RISØ CollaboratingCentre on Energy and Environment supports the work of the Branch.

/ Economics and Trade (Geneva), which promotes the use and application of assessment andincentive tools for environmental policy and helps improve the understanding of linkages betweentrade and environment and the role of financial institutions in promoting sustainable development.

/ Coordination of Regional Activities Branch (Paris), which coordinates regional delivery ofUNEP DTIE's activities and ensures coordination of DTIE's activities funded by the GlobalEnvironment Facility (GEF).

UNEP DTIE activities focus on raising awareness, improving the transfer of information, buildingcapacity, fostering technology cooperation, partnerships and transfer, improving understanding ofenvironmental impacts of trade issues, promoting integration of environmental considerations intoeconomic policies, and catalysing global chemical safety.

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