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P SAN FRANCISCO SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY SEMINARS FOR THESTUDY OF TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS

AND SOCIAL DYNAMICS

aTRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS BULLETIN

0Fa

4Page

SCIENTIFIC PROCEEDINGS

WINTER QUARTER, 1962 ------------------------------------------------------------7

SOCIAL DYNAMICSON "STR OK ING' ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 9

D. Kupfer

CLINICAL NOTES

E. Berne"IN TREATMENT" --------------------------------------------------------------------10

TEACHING GROUP THERAPY ---------------------------------------------------11

THE OBESITY "PROBLEM" ---------------------------------------------------------11

THEORY

INSTITUTIONAL GAMES -------------------------------------------------------------------12E. Berne, R.

Bi rnba um, R. Poindexter, B. Rosenfeld

AN ILLUSTRATIVE SITUATION - - - - 13

RESEARCH

LATE BULLETIN ------------------------------------------------------------------------13

ORGANIZATIONAL NEWS ------------------------------------------------------14

EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES -----------------------------------------------------15


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TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS BULLETINPublished Quarterly by

THE SAN FRANCISCO' SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY SEMINARS

A NON-PROFIT EDUCATIONAL CORPORATION

The Transactional Analysis Bulletin will be published quarterly to keep active

members, members at large,' associate members, former students,; and other

Interested parties current with ''the; scientific, educational, .organizational and personal

activities of the San Francisco Social Psychiatry Seminars. Subscriptions are solicitedfrom institutions 'and libraries at $3 per year (U.K. 18/-)., All funds received from associate

memberships and subscriptions will be devoted to continuing and enlarging the

Bulletin until it becomes possible to publish selected; short articles on transactional

analysis and social dynamics. Subscriptions, 'enquiries, quiries, exchanges, and financial

contributions `should be addressed to The Trans actional Analysis Bulletin, P.O. Box

5747, Carmel, California.

ContributorsShort summaries of newly -discovered transactional games or other

original observations, brief accounts of clinical, scientific,. ;'or teaching

activities, letters to the editor, or personal and organizational notes, shouldbe addressed to the Editor, Transactional Analysis Bulletin, at the aboveaddress.' Such contributions are encouraged as the best way for membersin various parts of the . country keep, in touch with each other.

Advertising

Rates for classified and display advertising will be submitted' onrequest. The Bulletin reaches a select audience of professional people in theSan Francisco Bay Area and other. parts of the country., '

THE' SAN FRANCISCO SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY, SEMINARS

Directors 1961 .1962Eric Berne, M.D. Viola Litt, M.A.Melvin H. Boyce, B.S. Frances Matson, M.S.W.Joseph Concannon, M.S.W. Ray Poindexter, M.D.

Franklin Ernst, M.D. Myra ' Schapps, M.S.W.Kenneth V. Everts, M.D.

At LargeClaude Steiner, M.A., Ann Arbor

Barbara Rosenfeld, M.S.W., PhiladelphiaCopyright 1962, S. F. Social Psychiatry Seminars, Inc.

VOLUMEAPRIL 1962 NUMBER 2


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WINTER QUARTER - ADVANCED SEMINAR - 202 - JANUARY - MARCH 1962

.January 16. Eric Berne: (1) A New Game: 'You'll Have. To Take Me as I Am."

This is most dramatically played by beatnik adolescents. If they are "accepted" as they are,

how much more will they be accepted when the respondent sees the hidden sterling qualities. Ifthey are not "accepted" it is only what they expected and they can retire to autistic self-

indulgence. The external social advantage is the related pastime "They'll Have to Take Us as WeAre." Another suggested name (Litt) is "Who Needs You?" and the, corresponding pastime "Who

Needs Them?"

(2) The Crisis in Family Therapy.

As Szurek first emphasized, when the child improves, the neurotic needs of the parents are

frustrated. If the parents in family therapy see that the therapist means business, there is a strongtendency to withdraw. In the case cited the parents withdrew but let the child continue treatment.

When the student abandoned the family game in favor of authenticity, and came home with the"A" grades which the parents demanded of the therapy, they transferred the child to another

therapist without notice.

(3) Pseudo-Intimacy.

Talking about love interferes with the act of loving. One cannot truthfully say "I love you,"

but only "I was loving you," or possibly "I am loving you."

January 23, February 13, and March 20. Kenneth Everts: "A Therapy Group in PrivatePractice." (Continued from TAB Vol. 1, No. 1).

Spouses in the group combined "See What You Made Me Do" (grammatically, a second

person game) with "Court-Room" (grammatically, a third person game). When the therapistinadvertently used the word "but" in his analysis, both spouses turned on him. He retreated by

using polysyllables, "non-Child" words, which played into their hands, and the analysis had to beabandoned for the time being.

In an aggressor-victim game like Court-Room, it is usually better to be curious about the

"victim's" reactions than the "aggressor's" motives. Otherwise the aggressor feels accused and the

victim feels "supported," both of which impede analysis of the game. If an attempt at game

analysis does not succeed immediately, the therapist should desist for the time being, as it isprobable that he is being drawn into the game and that his interpretations will be exploited ratherthan heard.

In an aggressor-victim game where the wife as Persecutor attacked the husband asAlcoholic, they both co-operated in frustrating the therapist's attempt to break up the game. If the

husband allows the wife to stop attacking him, he will be deprived of his excuse for slylyattacking her later on in the meeting, after his customary "latent period" of 10 - 15 minutes.

January 30, February 20, March 13. Franklin Ernst: "A Therapy Group in Private Practice."Mr. T involved the other members in "Ain't It Awful" by exhibiting a fractured arm in a

cast. He responded to their stroking with: "Now I'll have to break my other arm, ha ha." Mr. T is"accident-prone" and "fight-prone." A few weeks

SCIENTIFIC PROCEEDINGS


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r.later,. when his arm was better; he intervened between two men who were fightingin a bar and got beaten up. He returned to the group with bruises and tried to star t"Ain't It Awful" ' again. The other members refused to play and he became soacutely anxious that the therapist played in order to avert a panic.

.One day Mr. T asked solicitously: "How are you, doc?" As in a veil dance, herevealed more and more clearly as the session progressed that this "really" meant:"When are you going to drop dead?" His final statement was "A doctor told my.

grandfather he would soon be dead, but he outlived the doctor, ha ha."Mr. J plays a hard game of "Veteran," justifying his position as a pensioner by

living in the wartime past of twenty years ago. The therapist points out that theproject of justifying his position has prevented Mr. J from experiencing anything that hashappened , since the war. The patient is in a difficult position, since if he stopsplaying "Veteran" he may lose his pension. His Parent gives him permission to take apension and his Child gladly accepts it. To solve the dilemma, his Adult must be set upto intervene.

February b. (1) Mardi Horowitz: "A Group in a Rut"A group had functioned as a training ground for a succession of psychiatric residents

for almost 15,years with no significant change. At the social' level it was

apastime

club favoring "Ain't It Awful," "If It Weren't for Them," and "Look How Hard I'mTrying." Psychologically the members became experts at frustrating ambitious youngpsychiatrists who uniformly played "I'm Only Trying to Help You." There was notherapeutic contract, and the members conceived of themselves as "training youngtherapists." The group was re-organized and one intransigeant member was "fired. The.others' were resentful. and said: "How can you do that to him after all he's done for theclinic?"

(2) Robert Birnbaum. "A Group , ofChronic ReliefClients." (Continued from TAB Vol.1, No. 1).

Birnbaum reviewed the despair of these chronic "clients" when he refused to play"I'm Only Trying to Help You." At first they did not believe him; when. he convincedthem, some withdrew. They -were most upset when he said-that attendance was notcompulsory. Birnbaum concludes after four months of observation and thinking that theirlack of progress through years of "clienthood" was due to commissions, not,omissions, on the part of their workers. Agencies tend_ to regard clients as "material to, bechanged" and play "I'm Only Trying to Help You." If this game is broken up, theclients behave differently..

February 27. Eric Berne. (1) "A Group in Private Practice."A young woman who played a hard game of "You'll Have To Take Me as I, Am"

responded to esthetic appeals from the therapist which fitted in with her own

philosophy. She began to dress well and enjoyed the new kind of. attention sheprovoked from men ("First Degree Rapo"). Her husband, a sensitive sulk who playedthe same game, became sulkier,. and claimed he was in a "homosexual bind." When thegroup pointed out he was only binding himself, he abandoned that position andsulked without attempting rationalization. The wife changed her childhood decisionto be "not OK" and with it. her script, and is now "OK. The fate of the marriagedepends on whether her husband can do the same.

(2) Adolescent Games.A young, patient pointed out the similarity between "Let's Make Mother Feel

Sorry" and "'Late Paper." By consistently turning in her themes after the deadline; the pupil

finally provokes an outburst from the teacher. By shrewd timing and stage-setting, shecontrives to make the teacher feel sorry for his .outburst, so that he "pulls himselftogether" and ends by apologizing.


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March 6. Paul McCormick: "A Probation Interview."McCormick described a skilfully-conducted interview with a vandalistic burglar from

a broken home. The probationer favors "Let's You and Him Fight" and is planninga new campaign involving twb people who have befriended him. McCormicksteadfastly refuses to be distracted from the analysis of this game until theprobationer retreats to an oral level and asks for something to eat. M then desists andsympathizes with the patient about his deprived childhood. When the patient recovers, Mpushes the analysis again, but more gently, leaving the probationer soothed and

thoughtful at the end of the interview.

March 27. David Kupfer: "A TransactionalAnalysis Group."Kupfer, an able and committed transactional analyst, presented a group which is

almost completely free of rituals, pastimes, and game stereotypes, and concentrates withmaximum efficiency on analysing the intra-group transactions . a "pure" transactionalanalysis group. One member said he felt slightly depressed and frankly asked for(symbolic) stroking. The newest member went through a dramatic struggle trying toavoid the implied intimacy. A homosexual interpretation was deliberately avoided asinappropriate at this stage, in accordance with the transactional principal "Get better firstand analyse your conflicts later." Transactional analysis was vigorously initiated in this

group from the very first meeting. The gross attendance during the first four months hasbeen 98%, the highest ever reported at the Seminars, and in another group 100% over aperiod of 5 months. In contrast, when he formerly used an institutionalized"psychoanalytic" approach, his gross attendance ran about 65%.

SOCIAL DYNAMICS

ON "STROKING!'

(D. Kupfer)

In transactional analysis, verbal "stroking" (recognition) is regarded as a substitute forthe physical caressing necessary to preserve the physical health of an infant, asdemonstrated by Spitz (*1). The colloquialism is: "If you are not stroked, your spinal cordwill shrivel up." There is some evidence that the value of a simple "stroke" can vary withcircumstances. If we assign a value of 5 to the simplest stroke, "Hello," then "Hello,Joe," may have a value of 10. But "Hello, Joe," coming from a "celebrity" mayhave a value of 100.

It has been pointed out that in general, stroking is based on a "reciprocal tradeagreement" whereby strokes given are expected to be compensated by strokes received.In the relationship between a parent and a child, e.g., a father and daughter, the situationis complicated. Internal Parental rules forbid the father from "using" the daughter as a

source of stroking. It is his "duty and responsibility" to supply "unselfish" strokesas part of her upbringing. Here a cumulative process operates. The daughter getsinstalments of 5 or 10 point strokes for a while; then when she hugs her father andsays "I love you," he gets his accumulated compensation in one lump sum.

The total "stroke points" in a transaction determine the intensity of the physicalreaction. An ordinary "Hello" from a person who is transactionally relatively unimportantmay produce only a minimal or even subliminal physiological gratification, while moreintensive "stroking" from a more important person produces a correspondinglystronger state of "feeling good," as with the father whose baby daughter hugs him andgives him a "lump sum" stroke.

The non-return of a "Hello" stroke produces either a projective "What's wrong with

him?" or an introjective "What's wrong with me?" reaction.

(*1) Spitz, R. "Hospitalism." Psychoanalytic Study of the Child 1: 53.74, 1945. 9


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CLINICAL NOTES'

(E. Berne)

"IN TREATMENT"

There comes a time in the course of psychotherapy when 'the, patient's' at titude.changes so

that the therapist feels he is now "really" in treatment. From one point of view it may be said, in the

language of Starrels (*1), that the patient has made a commitment to therapy. It is evidently ofsome importance to try to understand the dynamics of this change. One, interesting phenomenon is

that a patient who has previously been in thearpy with another therapist will. make . his

commitment to a new therapist more quickly. than a fresh patient. The preliminary process also hasa different quality. The fresh patient seems to be assessing both' the therapeutic approach and the

therapist himself. The referred patient may take the approach for granted and has only, it appears,to assess the new, therapist. He is already committed to the external structure of the therapeutic

hour: the rigid schedule, the therapist's taciturnity, and the couch, for example. These and otherobservations made through the years come together in the following preliminary statement(*2) of

the structural analysis of the state of being "in treatment."

A patient is' in treatment when his Child accepts the Adult of the therapist as a substitute for

his own Parent. His Child abdicates his previous adaptations, in effect divorcing his Parent, and

re-adapts himself to. the, therapist as perceived. In this phase he first perceives the therapist as a

new, usually more permissive Parent, but one who can offer him the same magical protection ashis own inner Parent, and that is the condition for the divorce. At this point he is "in therapy,"

which means operationally that he will play it the therapist's way (up to a point) rather than usingthe adaptations he learned as a child in relation to his actual parents. This permits him to talk

more freely, for example: what is vulgarly known as "opening up. At this point he is already to acertain extent "better," and 'the 'improvement' corresponds in a general way to the psychoanalytic

"transference improvement."

."Real" improvement comes about when the patient's Child perceives that what he mistook.

inthe therapist for a Parent is really an Adult, an objective datarprocesser. hen he discovers that

he himself has an independent dataprocessing capacity which he never learned to use properly,

he begins to exercise it. At a certain,, point the patient's. Child concedes that the. therapist is nolonger, necessary, since the patient :has his own built in Adult, and can now do for himself what

the. therapist has been doing.

Thus treatment proceeds in three stages. for the patient:

(1) Child assesses therapist as potential Parent; this iss an unstable phase; (2) Child divorces

Parent, accepts therapist's Adult as substitute; this is commitment to therapy, and patient is "in

treatment;" (3) Child accepts own Adult as substitute for therapist's Adult, formerly misperceivedas a Parent; this is dynamic change. This whole process of therapy can then be summarized asfollows: using the therapist as an intermediary, the patient's Child shifts his allegiance from his

inner. Parent to his own Adult. For a large percentage of cases, this is a sufficient therapeutic goalin itself. If desirable and practical, further psychoanalytic deconfusion of the Child can be

advantageously under

taken under these improved dynamic conditions.

(*1) Starrels, R.J. Am. J. Psychother. XIV: 719-727, 1960.

(*2) The decisive material for this outline was presented by D. Kupfer.

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TEACHING GROUP THERAPY

An interesting and instructive way of teaching group therapy has beerr fol lowed forsome months at the advanced Seminar. Single transactions, one single stimulus and oneensueing response, are played from a tape-recording of a therapy session. Themembers of the Seminar then make whatever predictions and deductions they canabout the agent and the respondent: e.g., what game is being initiated and what

the outcome is likely to be, what the parents of those involved said to them whenthey were children, and what vicissitudes they have undergone since. Then thenext transaction is played and similarly discussed. Properly conducted, this is not aguessing game, but has three salutary effects. (1) It eliminates the rambling, hobby-riding and speculation which usually follows the presentation of a group meetingin its entirety. (2) It sharpens the clinical perception of the participants, since the pre-senting therapist or the recording can immediately verify or correct their conclusionsin detail. Thus idle speculation is discouraged, and clinical relevancy is encouraged. (3) Itimpresses on the participants the possibility and desirability of planning ahead fortherapeutic technique on the basis of predictive and deductive probability.

THE OBESITY "PROBLEM"

The suspected parallelism between the game of Alcoholic and the game of Obesity isreceiving clinical support. Mrs. 0 was observed in a marital group to play Court-Room, Absolute Type. Her accusations against her husband were full of absolutes: "Youalways do that;" "Every time I say that, you say this." In spite of her attempts to exertsocial control after this was mentioned, she was unable to desist, and the absolutescontinued to appear, evidently due to the persistence of an archaic Parent.

At her next individual interview, she remarked: "Last week I was doing prettywell, but now I am continually eating." The therapist attacked the intransigeantParent by correcting her: "Intermittently eating." She replied: "Yes, but my mothersaid 'You're always eating I"' Her mother's statement was a complex one,containing: (1) an error of fact (obviously, she only ate intermittently) and (2) a"not-OK" implication; in short, i t was a classical Parental type of statement. Shecarried this inaccurate, critical Parental Persecutor inside her so that she was continually"beating on herself." This was the same Parent who beat on her husband, asdemonstrated in the group, and on her children as she had also made clear. In herchildhood, sweets were particularly forbidden and sinful; but her father often brought her

chocolate when he came home from work, in this respect functioning like the Patsyin Alchoholic. Obese patients often go from one unsuccessful Rescuer to another, just asthe Alcoholic does, and there is even a kind of "Obesity Anonymous" organization in manycities.

Hence "Obesity," like "Alcoholic,", is a four-handed game when played in fullflower, with the one who is It, a Persecutor, a Patsy, and a Rescuer. The differences (atleast in the case cited) are (1) the "hangover" contains more shame than remorse(2) the Persecutor is ipsisexual rather than contrasexual, and is internal rather thanexternal. The Patsy and the Rescuer show the same characteristics in both games.

At the deepest level, Mrs. O's mother was correct: Mrs. 0 was always eating(cannibalistic fantasies), just as the Alcoholic is "always" drinking. But this level is

inaccessible in the ordinary course of therapy. The transactional approach,focussing on the payoff of the game in both cases (the "hangover") offers special leveragewhich has already proven effective in several instances.


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THEORY

INSTITUTIONAL GAMES

(E Berne, R. Birnbaum, R. Poindexter, B. Rosen f eld)

The proceedings in the past quarter were concerned to a considerable extent with

institutional games. In our last issue, under the heading "How 'Effective Can You BeWithout Getting Fired ?" we mentioned the Rosenfeld relation for social agencies. The,chronic case load (C) must not be seriously disturbed, but casual clients (A) can bepermissibly rehabilitated. If C plus A falls below an empirical, minimum (x), the staffbecomes disturbed and the too eager worker is in_jeopardy (J). This can be stated "If Cplus A is less than x, then J occurs." (1) This equation quantifies the agency game of"I'm Only Trying to Help You - But People Are So Ungrateful (ITHY). The correspondingequation in industry refers to the game of SNAFU ("I'm short handed again"), played bysupervisors. If permanent workers (C) plus temporary workers (A) rises above anempirical maximum (y), the work gets done.. easily and SNAFU is threatened the super-visors then turn on the executive who is too efficient at staffing. They can no longer

complain about being short-handed and complain instead about the quality of A they aregetting, and the executive is in jeopardy. This may be statedas "if C plus A is greater than y, then J." (2) This is the Poindexter relation. C must- not be

disturbed seriously, because then the work would not get done at' all, as A areinexperienced.

The general problem is how to resolve the inconsistency between (1) and (2). Why isx in ITHY a minimum and y,in SNAFU a maximum ? Because in a social agency the staffare machines programmed to play ITHY, and the clients (C plus A) are, material for thesemachines to work on. In industry the workers (C Plus A) are machines and not material(Berne). If this is understood clearly: the difference between the material of the groupactivity and the machines which work on thee material, then the inconsistencydisappears. In the social agency, the clients are material to' be changed, and in theindustrial plant (or hospital kitchen) the metals or potatoes are material to be changed.

If we now revise proposition (1), and instead of saying that there, are too fewclients left, we say that there are too many workers (W) left, it reads "If W isgreater than x, then J occurs." And if we substitute (W) for C plus A (workers) inproposition (2), it reads the same way: " If W is greater than y, then J occurs." Thetwo equations now read the same, and the inconsistency no longer appears. It isapparent that (1) and (2) can be generalized for all game ridden organizations, and is

intimately connected with problems of automation, featherbedding, and other laborcontroversies., The generalized form is: If (f1.) (machines) exceeds, x, or x exceeds (f2)(material), then J occurs. This is the Birnbaum relation, in which x. represents an indexspecific for each organization. f1 applies in SNAFU and f2 in ITHY, in deciding howefficient the executive or social worker can be without getting fired.

This is the first attempt to quantify games, and opens up many interesting prospectsfor transactional analysis and its relationship to other disciplines. The question "Howefficient can I be without getting fired ?" exemplifies the firmly enquiring state ofmind which the Seminars call colloquially "the Martian attitude." ("I'm a man from Mars,and. all I know is what I see happening").

The question undercuts certain institutionalized sentiments in away which may


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be disconcerting to some people, but is familiar to labor unions, humorists, andeconomists. The fact is that ulterior motivations which many people prefer to leaveunexamined determine what happens to many organizations in the long run. Thiscan be further illustrated by using a theoretical model which may be called, inhonor of its originator, a "Poindexter organization."

In a game-free organization, promotions and firings are ideally based on asimple effectiveness index for each worker, without ulterior motives. In a Poindexter

organization, one which is engaged in playing ITHY, SNAFU, or otherorganizational game, ulterior motives over-ride the simple considerations. At the overtor social level, such an organization is interested in disposing of as many "cases" aspossible with maximum dispatch as economically as possible. It may also set up anapparatus with the stated object of diminishing the incidence of new "cases." At this level,therefore, the aims of the organization are stated as effectiveness, dispatch, economy,and prevention. At the ulterior or psychological level, however, the aims may berather different: modest goals (10% instead of 100% effectiveness), no unseemlyhaste, formal economy with some informal unobtrusive luxury, and a decent humilityabout prevention. The financial profit (on a cost plus basis) or the budget of theorganization may depend on the cost of each "case" and the total load. Hence bothfinancial and game considerations favor the ulterior level.

A staff member who is too efficient in carrying out the overt goals poses adouble threat to the organization: financial and psychological. His fate depends on thelabor policy of the organization. In an "honest Poindexter organization," an employeewho is procedurally efficient but must be got rid of for ulterior reasons is kickedupstairs rather than down; his question is "How efficient can I be without gettingpromoted ?" In a "dishonest Poindexter organization," an efficient employee is kickeddownstairs instead of up; his question is "How efficient can I be without gettingfired ?"

AN ILLUSTRATIVE SITUATION"Getting Rid of the Jazz"

A patient's daughter contracted leukemia, and was given six months to live. Whenhe told this to people, they said they were sorry and asked if there was anythingthey could do to help. At the end of six months, the little girl died.

This situation raises two transactional questions:(1) State what you would say to a man who told you his daughter had six months

to live. Why would you say it ?(2) If your daughter had six months to live, would you tell people ? Why ?

RESEARCH

LATE BULLETIN

Preliminary results of the first experimental project on transactional analysisundertaken by an outside research organization are now available. Pendingpublication elsewhere, only the conclusion will be given here: people in areportedly Adult ego state have a statistically significant advantage over people in areportedly Parent or Child ego state in solving an intellectual problem. Theexperimenters seemed enthusiastic over the simplicity of the approach, and areplanning extensions and variations of this pilot study. Their report will be abstracted in theBulletin as soon as it appears.


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EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES

Course 202, Applied Social Dynamics, will continue to meet every Tuesday evening at 8:30

p.m. until late summer at the office of Eric Berne, M.D., 7200 Washington Street in San

Francisco. Qualified visitors are welcome. It is suggested that they check in advance by telephone,PRospect 6-4256, and they are requested not to arrive before 8:20 p.m.

The proceedings for the past quarter are abstracted in this issue of the Bulletin. During the

Spring Quarter, it is anticipated that therapy groups from private practice and from various Bay

Area clinics, hospitals, and institutions will be presented for transactional and game analysis,interspersed with special lectures and didactic-clinical discussions.

101J

The next lntrc. Course will be presented in September, 1962, and will be announced in xt

issue of the Bulletin, together with resumption of the former practice of sending out special"Please Post" notices.

101H

The eighth presentation of the Course in Introductory Social Dynamics ran for eight weeks,

from February 21 to April 12, 1962. The enrolment included members of the nursing staffs ofStanford-Palo Alto Hospital and the Oakland Naval Hospital, together with representatives from

Fairmont Hospital, Oakland Alcoholic Treatment Centre, and Alameda Welfare Department.

EXTRAMURAL TEACHING

During the past quarter the teaching of "Transactional Analysis in Group Therapy" at

Stanford-Palo Alto Psychiatric Clinic was put on a more systematic basis, with a seven week

didactic-clinical course for second year residents, and a similar supervisory course for third year

residents. The second series of these courses is planned for May. The six week didactic course

was repeated again at Langley-Porter Clinic.

Dr. Franklin Ernst continues regular teaching at the California Medical Facility at

Vacaville, and at Mendocino, DeWitt, and Stockton State Hospitals.

Mrs. Iva Blanks has started a course in transactional analysis for group workers at the

California Institution for Women at Corona, with seventeen enrolees.

Paul McCormick has been lecturing to the Alameda County Probation Department.

Dr. Robert Goulding, of the V.A. Hospital in Roseburg, Oregon, is giving a continuing

course in transactional analysis to the Hospital Staff.

At a workshop on Family Therapy at the Third Annual Meeting of the Los Angeles Group

Psychotherapy Society, the Director of the SFSPS was very courteously encouraged by the other

two panel members, Dr. James Jackson and Dr. Richard Parlour, to spend most of the day

discussing the application of transactional analysis to family therapy. This courtesy was muchappreciated, and the audience seemed receptive, as Los Angeles audiences usually are. Dr.

Jackson and Dr. Parlour are now both out of town members of our Seminars and subscribers to

the Bulletin.


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The Seminars

The San Francisco Social Psychiatry Seminars function as an educationalinstitute for people in the broad field of social psychiatry: psychiatrists,psychologists, psychiatric nurses and social workers, correctional officers, socialscientists, and educators. The teaching is primarily oriented toward group

therapy and group work based on transactional analysis. Research in socialdynamics is carriedon as funds become available. Since there is no endowment, the Seminars, nowin their fifth year, have been almost entirely supported from tuition. fees.Contributions are always welcome.

'The Seminars are open to those with a degree in medicine or the socialsciences who are engaged in professional work in those fields or are registeredfor advanced study at a recognized university. In certain cases, well-recommended undergraduates are eligible to attend. Qualified people areealways welcome to visit the permanent clinical' seminar (Course No. 202)

which runs all year round, and . can become Active Members, if otherwiseeligible, on completion of the Introductory Course or its equivalent.

Active members who leave the San Francisco area or for other reasonscannot continue 'regular attendance are 'invited to become Members At Large. ($10. per

'retain their attendance andvoting privileges.Quali f iedindividuals who. wish to receive the Bulletin and have the privilege

of attending the Seminars whenever they are in San Francisco may becomeAssociate Members ($5 per year). Subscriptions to the Bulletin are available to,institutions and libraries at $3 per year.

The Seminars :meet .in mid-week at 1200 Washington-Street, SanFrancisco. Correspondence regarding attendance should be addressed to theSecretary, San Francisco Social Psychiatry Seminars, 529 - 28th Street, SanFrancisco 14. Those desiring .mail membership (At Large orAssociate) may fillin the coupon below.

transactional an. 002 062-02.doc

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