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Transform Plate Boundary By: Lauren Kim, Alex Lee

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Page 1: Transform Plate Boundary

Transform

Plate Boundary

By: Lauren Kim, Alex Lee

Page 2: Transform Plate Boundary

What will you learn in this presentation?

There are three types of plate boundary. They are Transform Plate Boundary, Diver-gent Plate Boundary, and Convergent Plate Boundary. In this presentation, we will be talking about Transform Plate Boundary. We will give examples of area which have Transform Plate Boundary, and we will also talk about the types of earthquakes that occur, the land features that are created, and the driving force for plate movement. There will be graphics to help explain throughout the presentation.

Page 3: Transform Plate Boundary

What is Trans-form Plate Boundary?

Transform Plate Boundary is a type of fault that runs on the border of a tectonic plate. The two pieces of crust on either side slide in opposite directions. This happens be-cause when convectional currents move in opposite directions, it also carries the crust in opposite directions creating a sliding ef-fect.

http://scign.jpl.nasa.gov/learn/plate4.htmTwo pieces of crust are sliding past each other

Page 4: Transform Plate Boundary

ExamplesOceanic Fracture Zone An example of an oceanic fracture zone is the Romanche Fracture Zone. The fracture zone cuts the Mid-Atlantic ridge and includes a transform fault be-tween the African plate on the north and the South American plate on the south. Continental Transform BoundaryAn example of a transform boundary on land is the Alpine Fault of New Zea-land. The Alpine Fault is a strike slip fault between the Australian Plate and the Pacific Plate.The Alpine Fault creates a transform boundary between the Pacific plate and the Indo-Australian plate.

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LocationsThe Dead Sea Fault

The Dead Sea transform system extends from the spreading ridge of the Red Sea northward to a zone of continent-to-continent collision in the Alpine Oro-genic Belt in southern Turkey.

The transform zone is about 1000 km long and marks the boundary between the western edge of the Arabian plate and the northern part of the African plate.

The Dead Sea

Page 6: Transform Plate Boundary

Types of Earth-quakes

There are many different types of earth-quakes that can occur but the most com-mon earthquake for a Transform Boundary is a tectonic earthquake where the ground shakes due to the breakage of crusts. This is caused by the movement of tectonic plates. Volcanic earthquakes are less common because volcanic activity is not found to be present because of the ab-sence of magma.

Tectonic earthquake

Page 7: Transform Plate Boundary

Examples of EarthquakesHaiti is situated on the Hispaniola island, which rests at a place where two giant pieces of the earth's crust, the Caribbean and North American tectonic plates, grind against each other as they pass in opposite directions.The boundary between these two tectonic plates is formed by a system of strike-slip faults involving the Enriquillo-Plantain Gar-den fault zone and the Septentrional-Ori-ent fault zone.These earthquakes are caused by the ac-cumulation and release of strain as the two plates slide past each other.

Haiti

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Type of Land Features

At a conservative or a transform plate boundary, there are very few features to be seen, save for the large crack in the ground. Sometimes there can be some cliff forming at the fault line. Earthquakes are very common.

Frequent, shallow earthquakes occur, but there is little associated volcanism or topographic relief.

Most transform boundaries occur not on land, however, but in short seg-ments along mid-ocean ridges.

A cliff left after an earth-quake (Pololu Cliffs)

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Driving Force for Plate Movement

There are two major things that can cause the movement of plates. The first one would be heat loss. When heat is lost, it causes convection which move the plates. Another force is gravitational sliding. A lithosphere is formed above hot mantle and after years of cooling and ageing, the lithosphere becomes less dense than the hot material beneath it. This causes the lithosphere to incline at a slight angle.

Convectional Currents

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CitationsWorks Cited

"Answers.com - What Is the Driving Force of Plate Tectonics." WikiAnswers - The Q&A Wiki. Web. 13 Feb. 2011. <http://wiki.answers.-com/Q/What_is_the_driving_force_of_plate_tectonics>.

Glasscoe, Maggi. "Types of Earthquakes." SCIGN at JPL. 13 Aug. 2008. Web. 13 Feb. 2011. <http://scign.jpl.nasa.gov/learn/eq2.htm>.

"Plate Tectonics." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 13 Feb. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plate_tectonics#Driving_forces_of_plate_motion>.

"Science Research Project « Humanities Hub." Shanghai American School. 9 Nov. 2009. Web. 12 Feb. 2011. <http://teachers.saschi-na.org/rderozario/2009/11/19/science-research-project/>.

"Serene Majesty of Pololu Cliffs | Flickr - Photo Sharing!" Welcome to Flickr - Photo Sharing. Web. 13 Feb. 2011. <http://www.flickr.com/photos/25562347@N00/3807688064/>.

"Transform Plate Boundaries - Transform Fault - Geology.com." Geology.com - Earth Science News, Maps, Dictionary, Articles, Jobs. Web. 13 Feb. 2011. <http://geology.com/nsta/transform-plate-boundaries.shtml>. "Answers.com - What Land Features Might You Find at Each of the Plate Boundaries." WikiAnswers - The Q&A Wiki. Web. 12 Feb. 2011. <http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_land_features_might_you_find_at_each_of_the_plate_boundaries>.

“Transform Plate Boundary. Web. 10 Feb. 2011. <http://earthds.info/pdfs/EDS_20.PDF>.

"Transform Plate Boundaries - Transform Fault - Geology.com." Geology.com - Earth Science News, Maps, Dictionary, Articles, Jobs. Web. 09 Feb. 2011. <http://geology.com/nsta/transform-plate-boundaries.shtml>.

“Transform Plate Boundary: World of Earth Science. Web. 10 Feb. 2011. <http://www.enotes.com/earth-science/transform-plate-bound-ary>.

“Transform Plate Boundary. Web. 10 Feb. 2011. <http://earthds.info/pdfs/EDS_20.PDF>.

"Google Image Result for Http://www.seis.mni.gov.il/html/ground/GravityNew/space_view_small.jpg." Google. Web. 10 Feb. 2011.

"The Geology behind the Haiti Earthquake | NowPublic News Coverage." NowPublic.com | The News Is NowPublic. Web. 10 Feb. 2011. <http://www.nowpublic.com/environment/geology-behind-haiti-earthquake>.

"Plate Boundaries." SCIGN at JPL. Web. 11 Feb. 2011. <http://scign.jpl.nasa.gov/learn/plate4.htm>.

"Plate Tectonics II." Visionlearning. Web. 12 Feb. 2011. <http://www.visionlearning.com/library/module_viewer.php?mid=66>.

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