transformer technology seminar what to consider...
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siemens.com/answers© Siemens AG 2016 All rights reserved.
Transformer Technology SeminarWhat to consider at Design Reviews
Pomona CA, May 24-25, 2016
Siemens AG – Transformers
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Why to perform Design Review Meetings?
Siemens Transformer Technology SeminarWhat to consider at Design Reviews
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• To ensure both parties having the same understanding of the contract, theapplication and the requirements of the applicable standards and specification.
• It gives the opportunity for both parties to examine the transformer design to ensurethat it will fulfill the requirements, i.e. the technical and also those relating to otheraspects of the contract.
• The manufacturer can verify the use of proven materials, design tools andexperience to make sure the transformer will meet the intended performance inservice.
• It gives the chance for an interchange of information between the purchaser and themanufacturer:
• The purchaser can get a better understanding of the technical capabilities of the manufacturer.
• The manufacturer can get a better understanding of the needs of the purchaser.
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Siemens Transformer Technology SeminarWhat to consider at Design Reviews
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1. Purchaser specification
2. Supplier quotation
3. Applicable standards
4. Plans (quality, production, test, transportand site erection and commissioning)
5. System data
6. Environmental data
7. Transformer design
8. Transformer ancillaries and accessories
9. Fabrication
10.Testing
11.Nameplate
12.Transportation
13.Site erection and commissioning
14.Risk assessments
15.Methods statements (how you do it andwhy)
16.Health and safety requirements
17.Operation and maintenance manuals
18.Contract documents
19.Document submission time schedules
The CIGRE WG A2.36 Task Force 2 gives a Proposal to the Subjects of a DesignReview Meeting:
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Siemens Transformer Technology SeminarWhat to consider at Design Reviews
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• Main technical data
• Core
• Winding arrangement
• Type of windings and conductors
• Dielectric design
• Short circuit capability
• Losses
• Thermal design
• Leakage flux control
• Sound level
• Calculation of leads gradients
The Transformer Design will consume most of the attention.
Transformer Design – Example for the Agenda:
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Siemens Transformer Technology SeminarWhat to consider at Design Reviews
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• Summary of applied standards and customer specifications
• Main transformer data: overview of guaranteed values e.g. rated power, voltageratios, operating voltage, vector group, ambient temperature, temperature riselimits, impedance, …
Main Technical Data
Core
• General description of the core: form and joint design, material, geometry andcross-section area, core flux density
For example 2/0 core:
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Siemens Transformer Technology SeminarWhat to consider at Design Reviews
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• Information on tie bars
• Information on cooling ducts and split of the first core stacks
• Temperature rise of the core
Core
Heating due tocore flux:
Heating due tostray flux:
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Siemens Transformer Technology SeminarWhat to consider at Design Reviews
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• General arrangement: diameter,spacing between windings andclearance from windings to ground
Winding Arrangement
• Schematic connection diagram
top yoke
bottom yoke
core
Ø 1122Ø 1222
50
173
81
125
LV:
55tu
rns
Ø 1472Ø 1680
104
189
97H
V:81
9tu
rns
Ø 1066
adja
cent
HV
52
28
sem
icon
duct
ing
shie
ld
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Siemens Transformer Technology SeminarWhat to consider at Design Reviews
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• Detailed description of the winding and the used conductors
Type of Windings and Conductors
• For example LV winding (helicalwinding)
• For example HV winding (disc windingwith middle entrance)
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Siemens Transformer Technology SeminarWhat to consider at Design Reviews
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• Overview of dielectric test voltages
• Duct voltages
• Maximum turn-turn voltages
• Duct details
Voltage distribution in a HVdisc winding:Shown are the spacers from the voltageinlet to the bottom of the winding:
Dielectric Design
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Voltages between the windings:
Dielectric Design
BIL CW: LV to core
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Voltage at HV winding bottom end tothe yoke:
140kV AC applied voltage
Dielectric Design
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• Under consideration of: system fault capacity (e.g. infinite bus), asymmetric peakcurrent factor, pre-fault voltage and winding offset
• Free buckling mode
• Radial stress: compressive / tensile stress
• Axial stress on spacers
• Forced buckling mode
• Axial bending
• Radial bending
Siemens Transformer Technology SeminarWhat to consider at Design Reviews
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Short Circuit Capability
Typical Short Circuit Current & Short Circuit ForceShort circuit starts at voltage zero
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
t (ms)
I SC
(kA
),F S
C(k
N) Ipeak
Fpeak
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• Summary of guaranteed losses: no-load, load losses and auxiliary losses
• Summary of calculated losses
Example for losses in the region
of the hot spot disc:
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Losses
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• Summary of guaranteed temperature rises: hot spot, average winding and top oil
• Overview of the cooling system: type of cooling, cooling stages
• Summary of calculated temperature rises
Example for a temperature diagram:
Siemens Transformer Technology SeminarWhat to consider at Design Reviews
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Thermal Design
Example for the temperature distribution
(top of HV winding):
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• FEM 3D calculation of the active part and tank
• Dimensioning of magnetic yoke shunts and tank shunts
• Definition of non magnetic parts of the tank
=> reduce tank losses and avoid excessive heating of tank and clamping parts
Siemens Transformer Technology SeminarWhat to consider at Design Reviews
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Leakage Flux Control
Example for a FEM 3D model: Field plot: Thermal plot:
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• Guaranteed sound level: no-load noise, load noise
• Calculated sound level
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Sound Level
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Calculation of Lead-Dimensions
• Description of electrical connection
• Calculated temperature rise
• Electric field calculation
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Siemens AG - TransformersContact
Martin StösslHead – Global Technology CentreE T TR LPT GTC
Elingasse 38160 WeizAustria
Phone: +43 (51707) 71417Mobile: +43 (664) 80117 71417
E-mail:[email protected]
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