transforming dahod-climate change mitigation -indigenous people , 2016-compress (1)

TRANSFORMING DAHODTRANSFORMING DAHODENSURING FOOD SECURITY AND ENSURING FOOD SECURITY AND

EFFECTIVE CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION THROUGH EFFECTIVE CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION THROUGH INTENSIVE COMMUNITY LED NRM INTERVENTIONS IN INTENSIVE COMMUNITY LED NRM INTERVENTIONS IN

THE TRIBAL REGIONS OF WESTERN INDIATHE TRIBAL REGIONS OF WESTERN INDIAOn 14On 14thth November 2016,Civil Society Space Bab-Ighli November 2016,Civil Society Space Bab-Ighli

Marrakech,Marrakech,

Presentation By:DR. KIRIT N SHELAT, IAS (RTD)

Executive ChairmanNational Council for Climate Change

Sustainable Development and Public Leadership (NCCSD)

GENERAL SCENARIO – LIVELIHOOD ISSUES IN TRIABLE AREA

• Scarcity of water (Drinking and irrigation)

• Less crop production and productivity

• Lack of knowledge of proper agriculture practices and availability of agriculture extension services

• Scarcity of Food• Unemployment• Migration

What is Tribal Area/Who are Tribals in India

• They are indigenous people.• Entire Tribal belt is un-dilating terrain –

vast part of its forest and regime is remote area and due to forest cover—strict conservation policies did not allow even infrastructure

• They were compelled work as forest Workers.

• After Independence and planned development all they changed

TRANSFORMATION OF DAHOD – GUJARAT• Dahod is a remote tribal district in Gujarat, India with a most

difficult terrain.• Prior to 1974, it was the poorest district in the country and

drought prone.• The tribal villagers migrated every year after monsoon• The irrigation coverage was just about 5% in reality

compared to 10 % on records.• Agriculture yields were poorest with predominance of maize

crop and milk production lowest despite high cattle population.

• Literacy rate was very low.• The undulating terrain was barren land with hardly any tree

cover, no• forests in the designated lands or any other form of

cultivation.• Most of its forest land is without tree cover• No horticulture, vegetable or floriculture

PRIOR SITUATION

Sadguru as NGO Sadguru as NGO working working

convergence with convergence with Government Government

department and department and village community village community

leadersleaders

• Water Harvesting in the river and rivulets and utilization for irrigation and drinking purpose

• Watershed management for in situ moisture conservation and soil conservation

• Agriculture and Horticulture Development Fruit orchard - with focus on Organic method Vegetable cultivation- creepers on Trellis and open field Flower cultivation Cereal Crops- with proper package of practice Seed production by farmers organization Social Forestry on farmers land

• Dairy Development with tribal Households• Promotion and strengthening of Community Based

Organisation (CBO) - helps sustenance of efforts made

In mitigating climate changeIn mitigating climate change

Eco-friendly Small Dams Eco-friendly Small Dams Government / Private / Community PartnershipGovernment / Private / Community Partnership

Providing Water to People

Community Managed Small Dam

Building Small Dams

Community water harvesting structures

Water: Surface water harvesting, storage and conservation

396 check dams, 58,586 acre land irrigated and

25,283 households benefited

65 Local rivers and

rivulets have been made perennial

and 5 more are in the

process of becoming perennial.

Community Lift Irrigation SchemesCommunity Lift Irrigation Schemes

Water: Irrigation efficiency

406 schemes covering 53,014 acres: 27,474 households406 schemes covering 53,014 acres: 27,474 households

Micro watershed area development Micro watershed area development Soil and Water Conservation

1,18,636 acres land treated1,18,636 acres land treated36,304 households benefited36,304 households benefited

Well became perennial

Total 18,592 such wells developed or recharged

SOLAR BASED IRRIGATION AT VILLAGE KAMBOI, LIMKHEDA, DAHOD – IRRIGATING 4 ACRES OF

FLORICULTURE

Agriculture Production Enhancement

(through knowledge application and

capacity building)

Maize in Kharif

Rice in Kharif

Wheat in Rabi

MAIZE SEED PRODUCTION MAIZE SEED PRODUCTION

Grading and Packing being done for quality seed produced by Sadguru Farmers’ and CBOs

62,000 farmers provided with qality seeds produced by our farmers own institutions

12000 FARMERS RAISED KITCHEN GARDEN FOR

NUTRITION AT HOUSEHOLD LEVEL

Diversification in Agriculture Diversification in Agriculture

Climate friendly HorticultureClimate friendly Horticulture

33,834 plots covering 33,834 farmers33,834 plots covering 33,834 farmers

Horticulture : Fruit orchardHorticulture : Fruit orchard

Floriculture on small piece of land means surety for about 10 fold income compared to traditional crop

MORE THAN 5,500 PLOTS UNDER FLORICULTURE

Large number of tribal boys and girls selling garlands from flowers produced in their own fields

Traditional vegetable cultivationEvery year more than 20000 farmers opting vegetable cultivation

Kokilaben) (Rs. 27000 )

Vegetable cultivation : (Trellis system (6,087 plots and farmers) Rs. 50,000/- to 75,000/-

SPICES CULTIVATIONChilly Ginger

Turmeric Onion

MODEL 5- ENTREPRENEURSHIP, RAISED BED AND NET BASED NURSERY RAISING: 41 LAKHS SEEDLINGS

Cost of raising seedling : Rs. 25000

Number of seedling : 60000

Net Income Rs. 52,000 - 55,000/-

Agriculture: eco-friendly organic manure (Vermi compost)

More than 10,000 households having Vermicompost units economizing on the use of fertilizer and cost of cultivation

DAIRY DEVELOPMENT

The tribal youth giving up government job opted for Self Employment in Dairy. He earns Rs.40,000/- per month

DAIRY DEVELOPMENT

Shantaben Bhuriya earning Rs. 80,000 per month from Dairy. She is also leader of SHG Federation of Garbada taluka of Dahod district

3,070 households having biogas plants and housemakers enjoying cooking with biogas

Mitigating climate changeMitigating climate changeBiogas plantBiogas plant

Eliminating use of fuel wood, reducing use of chemical fertilizer and

kerosene

Use of Solar LanternUse of Solar LanternMitigating climate changeMitigating climate change

Agro Forestry : reforestation, afforestation on the barren Agro Forestry : reforestation, afforestation on the barren revenue landsrevenue lands

A natural renewable resourceA natural renewable resource

Photosynthesis is the only and simplest tool to Photosynthesis is the only and simplest tool to sequestrate the carbon dioxidesequestrate the carbon dioxide

Tree plantation on the farm bunds Tree plantation on the farm bunds

6,80,06,176 plants: 1,32,776 households6,80,06,176 plants: 1,32,776 households70,702 acres – long term survival 50 %70,702 acres – long term survival 50 %

Before

After

Protection of regeneration of forest land through Protection of regeneration of forest land through community transformed into a dense forestcommunity transformed into a dense forest

QUALITY OF LIFE INITIATIVE QUALITY OF LIFE INITIATIVE

SOLAR BASED DRINKING WATER SOLAR BASED DRINKING WATER INITIATIVEINITIATIVE

At last, in the evening of her life, she has got something to smile which has reduced drudgery of fetching water from distance - a household connection of Parvatiben Solanki at Patelia Falia, Kamboi

A little girl is all happy with tap water at her household in Parmar Falia, Bavka

Solar powered hamlet based community drinking water systems

Solar Based Drinking Water System Solar Based Drinking Water System

CLEAN COOKING IN TRIBAL AREA

CLEAN ENERGY INITIATIVE

)

SOCIAL IMPACT PRODUCTS: INITIATED BY PEOPLE ORGANIZATION

INTERNET AWARENESS THROUGH INTERNET SATHI IN TRIBAL AREA

MODERN HOUSE OF TRIBAL FAMILY

Benefits to Tribal Farmers(Reduced drudgery by providing farm

machinery solutions)

Traditional Method-- Time consuming -- Hard work-- Bullock required-- Unequal seeding

Mechanized Sowing

SOWING

-- Easy, quick & Systematic sowing-- Cost Effective-- Even and Equal Distance Sowing -- Time Saving -- No strenuous work

CHANGE IN SOCIO ECONOMIC CONDITIONSl. Indicators Pre Operational Post Operational1 Literacy-Male 20% 66%2 Literacy-Female 10% 57%3 Drop Out 70% 9.77%4 Agriculture Engagement 49% 97%5 Entitlement 6 Ration card 45% 97%7 MGNREGA Card 85%8 APL 25% 46%9 BPL 75% 54%

10 Kuccha House 95% 79%11 Thatched House 5% 21%12 Mobile/ Telephone 67%13 Jewellery 10% 58%14 Electricity 30% 66%

Continue….

Sl. Indicators Pre Operational Post Operational15 Gas Connection 0% 8%16 Fire wood 99% 7017 Drinking water-Public

water resource20% 82%

18 Drinking water-Own Sources

0% 8%

19 Toilet 2.22% 1520 Migration 51% 9%21 Migration duration 180 77days22 Irrigation sources 10% 66%23 Horticulture 0% 27%24 Livestock 2 Per HH 6 animal

holding25 Availing Loan 5% 65%

Continue….

CHANGE IN SOCIO ECONOMIC CONDITION

SOCIO ECONOMIC CONDITIONSl. Indicators Pre Operational Post Operational26 Saving 5% 66%

27 Productivity Enhancement . 40%28 Source of Expensexs 15% towards

livelihood and 85% towards quality of life

29 Food security 5 Month 12 month 30 Annual income 23018 8228031 % of tree density 50% 61%32 Change in Farm Assets 10% 78%

33 Change in Non Farm Assets 15% 54%

Indicators Pre operational Post operational

Availability of water (irrigation)

Up to October Up to March ;in many cases till May

Availability of fodder Up to December Up to March and in many cases June

Availability of fire wood

Very difficult to collect from forest or other land; extreme pressure on forest

Due to massive plantation in the vicinity of tribal households fuel wood, fodder and timber is available

Continue….


Indicators Pre operational Post operationalCropping pattern

Traditional crop which is dependent on rain and agriculture intensity is low resulting in to unavailability of food grain hence distressed migration was cruel reality

Traditional crops along with cash crops(viz., fruits, vegetables, flowers ) and in some case milk production resulting in to food, nutritional and financial security and ultimately migration is checked

Income per acre

Less than 23018 Rs /year More than 82280per year (on an average)

Soil nutrient Less in organic carbon and other nutrient

Soil enrich with organic carbon and other essential nutrients


OVERALL SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC IMPACT OVERALL SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC IMPACT • Enhanced productivity• Enhanced socio economic status• Land is more green• Increased organic carbon in the soil• Increased area under irrigation• Increased soil moisture index• Increased ground water level• Drastic change in migration• Increased education level• Reduced drop outs• Many girls are admitted in hostel at remote places to continue their

higher education)• Awareness for pre entrance coaching at major cities• Change from kuccha house in to pucca house usually with RCC roof

with dish TV, mobile and bike

Continue….

• Food security

• Nutritional security

• Financial security

• Fodder and timber available in their vicinity

• Availability of drinking water in their vicinity

• Reduction of pressure on forest

• Reduction in drop out in school

• Higher education in girl child

• Healthier life

• Stable/ pucca house

• Drastically change in number and days of migration

• Empowered and confident community

OVERALL SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC IMPACT OVERALL SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC IMPACT

MAGNITUDE OF IMPACT AT A GLANCE TOWARDS CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATE

• 1,47,756 acres land under irrigation (LI + Check dam + Wells)

• More than 2,000 mcft water is stored • 1,18,636 acres land treated under micro watershed development• 6.80 crores plants / saplings planted under social forestry program • 33,834 horticulture plots by equal number of farmers• 30,000 farmers engaged in vegetable cultivation• 60,000 farmers engaged in improved field crop production with

POP• About 730 acres of land under Maize seed production of composite

variety (Gujarat-6) - seed replacement ratio increased up to 40 %• 4,91,697 families covered in different programs• 4,53,356 acres dry land transformed under different programs

NCCSD• National Council for Climate Change, Sustainable

Development & Public Leadership (NCCSD) is the outcome of the deliberations that took place during an International Conference on “Global Warming, Agriculture, Sustainable Development & Public Leadership” which was organized at the Gujarat Vidyapith – Ahmadabad in March

• The NCCSD is registered under Bombay Charitable Trust Act 1950 Rule-29-No. E/19344/Ahmedabad as Public Trust on 17th September 2010.It is accredited to UN and UNFCCC and working in close co-operation and with support of ICAR, Planning commission, Vigyan prasar,MoEs ,State and central Government.

WHAT WE DO?• NCCSD is organizing Inter-action Meet and Think-

Tank Meet for policy formulation and sensitization on issues related to farmers with their participation.

• NCCSD is organizing Interactive and Capacity Building to Farmers with focus on local level leaders, young farmers and women farmers.

• It is train to young faculty members and students on Leadership and Climate Smart Agriculture.

• NCCSD is conducting action research work for developing communication modules including guidebook, posters and documentary films for farmers.

• NCCSD is sensitizing State and Central Government on important policy issues which concern farmers. It is also taking up similar issues with UNFCCC and UN at international level

• NCCSD is publishing books on important issues related to farmers and agriculture.

ACCREDITATION • United Nations Framework Convention on Climate

Change (UNFCCC)• Global Alliance on Climate Smart Agriculture GACSA• Green Climate Fund-GCF• Climate Technology Centre & Network (CTCN) • APN South Asia• Central Research Institute for Dry land Agriculture

(ICAR)• NITI Aayog.-• The Department of Science & Technology (Vigyan

Prasar) • The Department of Environment and Forests (Climate

Change) for organizing District and State level awareness Workshops-Government of Gujarat

DR. KIRIT N SHELAT, IAS (RTD)Executive ChairmanNational Council for Climate ChangeSustainable Development and Public Leadership (NCCSD)Patel Block, Rajdeep Electronic's Compound, Near Stadium Six Road, Navrangpura,Ahmedabad-380 0014Phone/Fax: (00 91 79) 26421580Mobile: 091 9904404393Email: [email protected], Website: www.nccsdindia.org

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.nccsdindia.org/