Transmission/Isolation-Based Transmission/Isolation-Based PrecautionsPrecautions

Transmission-Based PrecautionsTransmission-Based Precautions(A.K.A. Isolation Precautions(A.K.A. Isolation Precautions) )

Refers to actions (precautions) implemented in addition to standard precautions.

Actions that are used for residents with documented or suspected infections or colonized with infectious agents.

Implementation of Transmission-Implementation of Transmission-Based PrecautionsBased Precautions

Important for staff to identify the type of transmission precaution needed for the resident

Communication is essential of transmission-precautions to all “Team” members.

Staff to know the appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

PPE readily available

Contact Precautions Contact Precautions

Measures that are intended to prevent transmission of infectious which are spread by direct or indirect contact with the resident or environment.

MRSA

Contact (Special Enteric)Contact (Special Enteric)

Methicillian- Resistant Staphyloccus (MRSA)

Vancomycin- Resistant Enterococci (VRE)

Clostridium Difficile ( C. Diff.)

VREMRSA

C. Diff

Must be placed outside the door

www.unc.edu/depts/Spice/resource.html

Droplet PrecautionsDroplet Precautions

Respiratory droplets transmit infections directly from the respiratory tract of an infected individual to susceptible recipient

Facial protection is necessary Private room or room with another patient

with the same pathogen Coughing, sneezing, talking, suctioning,

and CPR

Flu

Droplet-Borne Organisms Droplet-Borne Organisms

Some forms of meningitis Mumps PertussisInfluenza

Must be placed outside the door

www.unc.edu/depts/Spice/resource.html

Airborne PrecautionsAirborne Precautions

Measures taken to prevent transmission of infectious agents by airborne droplet spray. Airborne precautions include use of masks and air filtration systems.

Examples: Flu, Varicella Zoster (Shingles) and M. Tuberculosis

Management of Airborne InfectionsManagement of Airborne Infections

Single-resident airborne isolation room

Specific Ventilation Standards for room

Keep the door closedStaff caring for the resident should

wear mask or respirator Mycoplasma Tuberculosis

Must be placed outside the door

www.unc.edu/depts/Spice/resource.html

N-95 versus Regular MaskN-95 versus Regular Mask

N-95 Very close fitting Efficient filtration

of airborne particles

Blocks 95% very small particles

Single use

Face Masks

Loose fitting, disposable and physical barrier

Not intended to be used more than once

Personal Protective EquipmentPersonal Protective Equipment

Sequence for Donning Personal Protective Equipment

1. Gown

2. Mask

3. Goggles or Face Shield

4. Gloves

Personal Protective EquipmentPersonal Protective Equipment

Sequence for Removing Personal Protective Equipment

1. Gloves

2. Goggles or Face Shield

3. Gown

4. Mask