transparency in armaments / military confidence-building measures
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Transparency in Armaments / Military confidence-building measures. 28 February, 2013. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Transparency in Armaments / Military confidence-building measures
28 February, 2013
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UN instruments on confidence-building measures / arms transparency
- UN Register of Conventional Arms (1992-)
- UN Report on Military Expenditures (MilEx) (1981-)
- Information on Confidence-Building Measures (2004-)
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UN Register of Conventional Arms
- Since 1992- More than 120 States participated at least once- Reporting through:
Standard form; nil form; small arms form
Reporting deadline: 31 May
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UN Register of Conventional Arms Core reporting:
1. Battle tanks 2. Armoured combat vehicles 3. Large-calibre artillery systems 4. Combat aircraft5. Attack helicopters6. Warships7. Missiles and missile-launchers
Are these the same categories as the Inter-American Convention on Transparency in Conventional Weapons Acquisitions?
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UN Register of Conventional Arms Reporting additional information:
- Military holdings- Procurement through national production - Transfers in small arms - Information on national points of contact - Policy on export and import of conventional arms.
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OAS participation in UN Register
- All 35 States participated at least once since 1992- Downward trend
0102030405060708090
100110120130
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
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- Interactive map
- Comparison of reports
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Comparison of:What country reported vs. what others reported as transfers to/from that country
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Main point for discussion:
How to maintain the link between the UN Register and the Inter-American Convention on Transparency in Conventional Weapons Acquisitions
Reporting burden
Inter-American Convention mirrors the UN Register
The UN Register has a built-in development / expansion of its categories, through a 3-year cycle of ‘Groups of Governmental Experts’.
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UN Report on Military Expenditures (MilEx)
- Since 1981
- More than 120 States participated at least once - Reporting through: Standard form; simplified form; nil form
- Reporting deadline: 30 April
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Standard formSta n d a r d i z e d r e p o r t in g fo r m
F O R C E G R O U P S - - ->
R E S O U R C E C O S T S
S T R A -
T E G IC
F O R C E S
(1 )
LA N D
F O R C E S
(2 )
N AVA L
F O R C E S
(3 )
A IR
F O R C E S
(4 )
O T H E R
M IL ITA R Y
F O R C E S d
(5 )
C E N T R A L
S U P P O R T
A D M IN IS T R A -
T IO N A N D
C O M M A N D
(6 )
U N
P E A C E -
K E E P IN G e
(7 )
M IL ITA RY
AS S IS TANCE A N D
CO O PE RAT ION
(8 )
E M E R G E N C Y
A ID T O
C IV IL IA N S f
(9 )
U N D IS T R I-
B U T E D
(1 0)
T O TA L
M IL ITA R Y
E X P E N D IT U R E S
(11 )
1 . P E R S O N N E L g
1 .1 C O N S C R IP T S
1 .2 A C T IV E M IL IT A R Y
P E R S O N N E L
1 .3 R E S E R V E S
1 .4 C IV I L IA N P E R S O N N E L
1 .5 M IL IT A R Y P E N S IO N S g
2 . O P E R A T IO N S A N D
M A IN T E N A N C E
2 .1 M A T E R IA L S F O R C U R R E N T
U S E h
2 .2 M A IN T E N A N C E A N D
R E P A I R i
2 .3 P U R C H A S E D S E R V IC E S j
2 .4 O T H E R
3 . P R O C U R E M E N T A N D
C O N S T R U C T IO N
( IN V E S T M E N T S ) k
d , e , f , g , h , i , j , k S e e e x p l a n a t o r y n o t e s .
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Simplified form
Land forces
Naval forces Air forces Others Total
1. Personnel
2. Operations and maintenance
3. Procurement and construction (investments)
4. Research and development
5. Total
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Nil reporting form
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OAS participation in MilEx
- 26 OAS States have submitted at least once- Average 9 reports by OAS since 2009
0102030405060708090
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
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Information on Confidence-building Measures
- General Assembly resolution since 2004
- 8 OAS States have provided information
- UN database: www.un.org/disarmament/convarms/infoCBM/
- UN report in 2011, with inventory of CBMs:
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1. Information exchange measures • Appointment of military points of contact • Establishment of a hotline • Exchange of military information on national forces and armaments • Advance notification of military manoeuvers / activities
2. Observation and verification measures • Observers to monitor major military exercises • On-site inspection
3. Military constraint measures • Restriction on the number and scope of military exercises • Limitations of troop movements • De-alerting of weapons • Demilitarized and weapon-free zones
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Avenues for further cooperation• Cooperation on regional activities
• Exchange of information between Secretariats on all three instruments:- UN Register reporting trends, notifications- MilEx reporting trends, notifications- Inventory of CBMs
• Alignment of reporting
• Discussion on pros and cons of global and regional databases
• The elephant in the room...