transparency international’s 2010 global corruption barometer
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Transparency International’s 2010 Global Corruption Barometer. Murray Petrie, Co-Chair, TINZ [email protected] www.transparencynz.org.nz Chapman Tripp, Wellington, 13 December 2010. Overview. The Global Corruption Barometer and main global results Summary of NZ Results - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Transparency International’s 2010 Global Corruption
Barometer
Murray Petrie, Co-Chair, [email protected]
www.transparencynz.org.nz
Chapman Tripp, Wellington, 13 December 2010
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Overview
• The Global Corruption Barometer and main global results
• Summary of NZ Results
• Specific issues for NZ
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The Global Corruption Barometer
• Since 2003, an annual survey of public views on and experiences of corruption.
• 2010: 91,500 people surveyed by Gallup in 86 countries June-September.
• NZ included in survey for first time in 2010.• GCR a public survey v Corruption
Perceptions Index (CPI), a survey of business/expert opinion
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Main global results
• 6 out of 10 say it has increased over last 3 years
• 4 out of 10 paid a bribe in last 12 months • Police the most frequent recipient of bribes (29% of those
who had contact)
• The poor and young people may more bribes
• 8 out of 10 say political parties are corrupt or extremely corrupt; civil service and parliament viewed as next most corrupt.
Early draft 4
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The NZ Survey
• 1,291 respondents to an email survey by Colmar Brunton June 3 – July 11
• Nationally representative sample• Maximum margin of error +/- 2.8%
(larger for disaggregated data)• TI Berlin did survey design and data collection• Analysis of NZ data with assistance from
TINZ Summer Intern Ben Krieble
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Corruption in NZ seen as increasing in last 3 years
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Level of corruption in NZ
Increased73%
No change23%
Decreased4%
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Corruption increased in last 3 years? Cross-national comparisons
Decreased Same Increased
PNG 7% 8% 85%
New Zealand 4% 24% 73%
USA 6% 22% 72%
UK 3% 30% 67%
Vanuatu 13% 23% 64%
Australia 5% 42% 54%
Singapore 28% 33% 38%
Fiji 53% 11% 36%
Denmark 2% 69% 29%7
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New Zealanders do pay bribes
• “In the past 12 months have you or anyone in your household paid a bribe in any form…” to one of the following nine institutions/organizations: education system, judiciary, medical services, police, registry/permit services, utilities, tax, land services, customs
• 3.6% answered yes.8
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Paid a bribe in the last 12 months? Cross-national comparisons
PNG 26.1%
Solomon Is. 19.7%
Vanuatu 15.5%
Fiji 12.0%
Singapore 8.8%
USA 5.3%
New Zealand 3.6%
Australia 2.4%
UK 1.4%
Denmark 0.4%9
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Other NZ evidence(Massey University*)
• As part of the ISSP, a 2006 nationwide random mail survey, 1200 responses, margin of error +/-3%
• In last 5 years 90% had never come across a public official who hinted/asked for a bribe for a service
• But 7.5% said they had “seldom” come across such an official, 2.5% said “occasionally” , 0.5% said “quite often” or “very often.”
• Asked how many politicians and public officials are involved in corruption, only 17% and 14% respectively said “almost none”* Data supplied by Professor Philip Gendall
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SSC Integrity and Conduct Survey 2010
• 15% of 8,200 respondent state servants reported observing illegal conduct in previous 12 months
• 4% observed “giving or accepting inappropriate payments, perks, or inappropriate gifts”
• 5% observed inappropriate alteration of documents
• 4% observed falsification or misrepresentation of records or reports
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Who is seen as corrupt in NZ?1 = not corrupt; 5 = extremely corrupt
Institution/Organisation Mean rating
Political parties 3.5
Parliament 3.2
Private sector 3.2
Media 3.1
Religious bodies 3.1
Public officials 3.0
Police 2.7
NGOs 2.6
Judiciary 2.5
Education system 2.4
Military 2.212
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Government effective in fighting corruption?
NZ Government's Corruption Fighting
Effective54%Neither
34%
Ineffective12%
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Government effective in fighting corruption? Cross-national comparisons
Ineffective Neither Effective
Fiji 9% 3% 88%
Denmark 44% 0% 56%
New Zealand 12% 34% 54%
Australia 21% 43% 36%
UK 66% 0% 34%
Vanuatu 49% 19% 32%
Solomon Is 55% 20% 32%
Singapore 31% 40% 29%
USA 71% 0% 29%
PNG 65% 11% 24%
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Who do New Zealanders trust to fight corruption?
Most trusted organisation
Government leaders 23%
Media 20%
Nobody 18%
NGOs 15%
Private sector 7%
International organisations 4%
Don’t know 14%
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Role of individuals in fighting corruption
New Zealanders’ views Disagree Agree
Individuals can make a difference
fighting corruption
13% 87%
Could become involved in fighting
corruption
27% 73%
Would support a friend/colleague
fighting corruption
4% 96%
Would report an incident of
corruption
7% 93%
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Conclusions
• First public survey of bribery incidence in NZ• Surprising level of payment of bribes• Strong public view that corruption increasing• Consistent with other survey evidence; and with
known increased risks from globalization• NZers think individuals can make a difference,
and are willing to get involved• Government needs to be pro-active
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What should be done?
• Hot lines; ensure effective whistle blower protection
• Focus on specific areas where officials have a valuable discretion: police; corrections; procurement; immigration; customs; regulation; taxation
• Survey civil servants on bribery; repeat public surveys
• Transparency of political party funding; apply OIA to parliament; MPs’ Code of Conduct; independent setting of MPs’ pay and allowances
• Active reporting, monitoring, auditing and enforcement
• Enlist the public e.g. civics education
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