Transportations and Borderlands

Chapter 2

Early Chesapeake• Joint-Stock Companies – Virginia Company

• Jamestown – 1607

• Early problems

• Capt. John Smith

• The Starving Time – 1609-1610

• How did they survive/What changed?

• John Rolfe – Tobacco

• Effect on Powhatan natives

Early Chesapeake• Maryland

– Proprietary colony

– Goals of colony

– Act of Toleration

– Religious conflict

– How issues are settled?

• Virginia by mid-17th century

• Sir William Berkeley

• Bacon's Rebellion

• Causes/Results

New England• Plymouth

– Mayflower

– Puritans/Separatists

– Mayflower Compact

– Relations with Native Americans

• Massachusetts Bay Colony

– John Winthrop

– “A City Upon A Hill”

– “saints” and the government

New England Dissenters

• Connecticut

– Thomas Hooker – Hartford

– Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

• Rhode Island

– Roger Williams

– Separation of church and state

– Anne Hutchinson

– Antinomianism

– New Hampshire settled by her follower

Native Americans in New England• Weaker position than those in southern colonies

• Assisted settlers, sold them land, taught agricultural techniques, traded, etc.

• Conflict arose as settlers moved inland

• Puritans critical of “heathen” Native Americans

• Puritans accepted removal or extermination of Native Americans the answer to their conflict

• Threats to N. Amer way of life

• Competition over land led to conflict

– Pequot War

– King Philip's War

Restoration Colonies• Restoration of Charles II after English Civil War

• Carolina

– Differences in North/South

– Separation - 1729

• New Netherland/New York

– Patroons

– Multculturalism

• New Jersey

• Pennsylvania

– Quakers

– Charter of Liberties

Borderlands and Middle Grounds• Caribbean Islands

• Sugar and Slavery

• Triangular Trade

• Spanish Southwest

– Presidios and Missions

– Relations with Native Americans

• St. Augustine

• Georgia

– James Oglethorpe

– Goals of colony – First settlers

• Western borderlands

Evolution of the British Empire• By 1650 the colonies required a more organized

structure if imperial Britain would retain control

• Navigation Laws

– Requirements of laws

– Impact of laws

• Conversion to royal colonies

• Dominion of New England

– Sir Edmund Andros

• Glorious Revolution

– Attempts to throw off royal control

• Overall the colonies were more closely bound to royal authority at the end of the century than before

European View of Native Americans and “New World”

How the land and people of North America were viewed is directly related to why more Europeans were willing

to come to the continent. Propaganda sent back to Europe showed the Native Americans as primitive, but peaceful. It also showed the land to be plentiful

and have abundant resources.

Examine the following primary sources and their “touch ups” to see how the Europeans viewed the native

population and think about how these images might have persuaded people to move to the colonies.

Watercolor drawing "Indian Man and Woman Eating" by John White (created 1585-1586). Licensed by the Trustees of the British

Museum. ©Copyright the British Museum.

Watercolor drawing "(No Caption - Indians Dancing

Around a Circle of Posts)" by John White (created 1585-

1586). Licensed by the Trustees of the British

Museum. ©Copyright the British Museum.

Engraving "Their danses vvich they vse att heir hyghe feastes" (unsigned, printed 1590) based on watercolor by White. Courtesy of the John Carter Brown Library at Brown University.

Watercolor drawing "Indian Village of Pomeiooc" by John White (created 1585-1586).

Licensed by the Trustees of the British Museum. ©Copyright the

British Museum.

Engraving "The Tovvne of Pomeiooc" by De Bry (printed 1590) based on watercolor by White. Courtesy of the John Carter Brown Library at Brown University.

Engraving "Their manner of fishynge in Virginia" by De Bry

(printed 1590) based on watercolor by White. Courtesy of the John Carter Brown Library at

Brown University.

Watercolor drawing "Indians Fishing" by John White (created 1585-1586). Licensed by the Trustees of the British Museum. ©Copyright the British Museum.

Watercolor drawing "Indian Village of Secoton" by John White (created 1585-1586). Licensed by the Trustees of

the British Museum. ©Copyright the British

Museum.

Virginia / discovered and discribed by Captayn John Smith, 1606