CHANDIGARH UNIVERSITY

SUBMITTED TO:- MISS ANANYASUBMIT TED BY :-MOIN KHAN HUSSAINUID:-14BBT1129

TRIGLYCERIDES

•An ester of glycerol with three fatty acids.

•Also known as triacylglycerols

•One type of lipid categorised as simple lipid.

Triglycerides

Structure of Triglycerides•Glycerides are lipid esters•A triglyceride places fatty acid chains at each

alcohol group of the glycerol

CH2

CH

CH2

O

O

O CO

CO

CO

R1

R2

R3

Glycerolpart Fatty acid

chains

Glycerol

•Glycerol Always looks the same

•3 C’s with 3 OH’s and everything else H’s.

Formation of Triglycerides

Example of triglycerides▫Triglyceride derived from one molecule each of

palmitic acid, oleic acid, and stearic acid, the three most abundant fatty acids in the biological world.

CH2OC(CH2)14CH3

CH2OC(CH2)16CH3

CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COCH

O

OO

oleate (18:1)

stearate (18:0)

palmitate (16:0)

Physical properties of triglycerides

•Physical properties depend on the fatty acid components.▫Melting point increases as the number of carbons in

its hydrocarbon chains increases and as the number of double bonds decreases.

▫Oils: Triglycerides rich in unsaturated fatty acids are generally liquid at room.

▫Fats: Triglycerides rich in saturated fatty acids are generally semisolids or solids at room temperature.

Physical properties of triglycerides

▫Hydrocarbon chains of saturated fatty acids can lie parallel with strong dispersion forces between their chains; they pack into well-ordered, compact crystalline forms and melt above room temperature.

▫Because of the cis configuration of the double bonds in unsaturated fatty acids, their hydrocarbon chains have a less ordered structure and dispersion forces between them are weaker; these triglycerides have melting points below room temperature.

Chemical Properties

Triglycerides have typical ester and alkene chemical properties as they are composed of these two groups:-

▫Saponification: replace H with salt from a strong base

▫Hydrolysis: produces the fatty acids and glycerol, a reverse of formation

▫Hydrogenation: saturates the double bonds

Triglyceride Reactions•Triglycerides undergo three basic reactions•These reactions are identical to those studied in

carboxylic acids

Triglyceride

GlycerolFatty Acids Glycerol

Fatty Acid Salts

More saturatedtriglyceride

H2O, H+

NaOH

H2, Ni

Hydrolysis

Saponification

Hydrogenation