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auk talkthe newsletter of the zoology department of trinity college dublin

volume 1 issue 2 michaelmas term 2001

At a small ceremony in the Auk Room in April 2001, Mrs Grainger presented the Department with aportrait in memory of Jack (Head of Zoology Department 1959-1992). In the photograph above, fromleft to right, are: Julian Reynolds, Janet and Trix Grainger and Maime and Ian Howie.

THE 2001 GRADUATINGCLASSThis year, 25 students graduated in Zoology.We list them here with their researchspecialisation, and wish them all the best intheir future.

Marine: Kerrie Anderson, Fiona Cox, OliviaDolan, Sarah Dowling, Abaigeal Hopkins,Emmet Jackson, Kate Quigley.Freshwater: Niamh Cooper, Ronan Donohue,Valerie McCarthy.Wildlife: Philip Duggan, Elaine Holmes,Micheal McGoldrick, Mary Toomey.Neurobiology: Briana Fahey, Sinead Knox,Brian Rooney.Behaviour: Leanne Harris, Andrew Jackson,Micheal Quinlan.Parasitology: Susan Farrell, Lydia Langley,Ranjith Lewis, Samina Rutrecht, EimearWalsh.

NEW STAFF 2001

This year three posts fell vacant, with theretirements of Dr John Aldrich and Dr FrankJeal and the end of Dr Nicola Marples’ 5-yearcontract. In addition, one unfilled post wasavailable. We advertised these vacancies inFebruary 2001, and from over 70 well-qualifiedcandidates, we short-listed 12 (from Canada,Switzerland, Germany, UK and Ireland) forinterview in May.

We are delighted to say that the new lecturersare: Dr Nicola Marples (Behavioural Ecology),Dr Suzanne Borich (Molecular Biology);Dr Mark Brown (Evolutionary Ecology) andDr Paula Murphy (Developmental Biology).We welcome them, and look forward toreporting their research activities in future issues.

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CONNECTIONSAmong our graduates who paid flying visits tothe Department in 2001, were BernardWalton and Kevin Bradley (see page 5).

AukTalk No. 1 also provided a stimulus forrenewing contacts with many graduates, andwe welcome your letters and emails on whatyou’re doing now.

SOCIAL ACTIVITIESThe Annual Lincoln Inn Darts Tournament(March) and the Burren Weekend (September)were much appreciated events.

CONGRATULATIONS TOTerry Hughes (1979), elected Fellow of theAustralian Academy of Science in AprilAlanda Lennox, (SS) Ladies’ Captain ofDULBC, and for organising a whirl of ballsand social eventsMicheal McGoldrick (2001) on the birth ofhis daughter, CiaraSuzanne Borich and Ian Donohue on theoccasions of their marriages in Cyprus andDublin.

RESEARCH DAYThe Research Day mini-conference in the AukRoom on Thursday, 12th April, allowed livepresentation of new findings from eachResearch group. There was much interest aseach Senior Sophister presented his or herresearch thesis project in PowerPoint. Thestandard was excellent overall and questionsfrom the audience were handled impressively.

On the medical side, Barry Roberts andSuzanne Borich directed three projectsrelated to different aspects of spinal cordinjury, cell death, recovery and behaviour, andJohn Aldrich one on human ultradianrhythms. Acanthocephalan parasites of fishesfigured in three others, and Toxocara andCryptosporidium in one each, all directed byCelia Holland. Frank Jeal had threeelasmobranch projects; Jim Wilson one onheavy metals in whelk and one on zebramussels. Ken Irvine directed a project on

ostracod ecology, Oliver Tully one on salmonsmolt pathology and Julian Reynoldssupervised two projects on predator-preyrelationships involving crustaceans, flatwormsand zebra mussels. On the terrestrial side,Nicola Marples directed three chick projectsrelating to neophobia and aposematism, andJohn Rochford four, on diets of fox and otter,and squirrel and sparrow censusing.

POSTGRADUATEWINNERSNaturally, all our postgraduates are winners –but this year Zoology had an historic tenmembers graduating at the First SummerCommencements in June 2001. These were:MA: Gavin Lynn, MScs: Sarah Bothwell(Neuroscience) and Aisling O’Leary(Fisheries Biology); and PhDs: Ciaran Byrne(Parasitology); Adrian Dervan(Neurobiology); Rossana Caroni , AineO'Connor, Jonathan White (FreshwaterEcology); Michael Gallagher (MarineBiology); Martyn Linnie (Entomology -Museum pests).Our heartiest congratulations to all, and bestwishes for their new and ongoing careers.

DEPARTMENTAL REVIEW

After a nine-month gestation, our ReviewDocument arrived in September, for commentbefore College finally approves its contents.Briefly, the word is that we have done a greatjob, despite miserable resources and facilities -let's hope that College takes note of both sidesof the statement!

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AUK VIEW - NEWPROVOSTAfter a thrilling contest between fivecandidates on 10 March 2001, Professor JohnHegarty (Physics) was elected to Provostship.About 500 staff were locked into the ExamHall for four hours, except for furtive foraysout into the shrubbery of the Provost’sGarden, most probably to watch birds: anumber of unexpected sightings were reportedby and to zoologists.

Dr Hegarty took up office in September. Hispredecessor Professor Tom Mitchelltransformed the campus with a series ofimpressive new buildings. Dr Hegarty, aformer Dean of Research, has among his goalshalting the uncontrolled growth in studentnumbers while building our postgraduateprofile.

Zoology will be watching developments withinterest, as we have no shortage ofundergraduates wanting to study the subject,but no additional resources to match thisdemand. Postgraduate research applicationsare also buoyant, but research funding isdifficult to capture in whole-organismsubjects, and our laboratories desperately needupdating. Perhaps most pressing is thedifficulty that students and younger staffexperience in finding affordable livingaccommodation this side of Mullingar.College must greatly improve its postgraduateawards if we are to retain many currentapplicants. We wish the new Provost well inhis task.

Frank Jeal and John Aldrich, picturedat a reception in the Auk room to marktheir retirement.

MUSEUM NEWSLast issue’s ‘Viewpoint’ stimulated a lot ofinterest, and Rachel Paul, née Ibbetson(1964) started the ball rolling with a generousdonation to improve the display of extinct andendangered animals, while Ger O’Brien(1997) was so impressed that he keeps theThylacine photo in his pocket for protection!

We are delighted to record that MartynLinnie received his doctorate for studies andmany publications on the arthropod pests ofmuseums.

The museum was recently entrusted with avolume of archaeological material from theexcavations in Temple Bar – Dublin’s lastlarge Viking and mediaeval site. The 800year-old animal bones (chiefly cattle, sheepand pigs) were too many to take, but weaccepted about 20 bags of organic material,rich in shells, fish-bones and insect remains,from house sites, middens and mediaevallatrines – material for many research projectson Dublin’s environmental past! Twostudents are carrying our projects on shellsand plant remains in these samples.

The EIFAC-sponsored European Glass EelBank – a collection of juvenile eels fromacross Europe and beyond, under the care ofJulian Reynolds – has been in demand, andcurrently a Swedish and a Dutch group arelooking into aspects of population genetics ofthis enigmatic group courtesy of specimensfrom the ‘Bank’.

MEETINGS7 September: Celia Holland hosted the IrishSociety for Parasitology AGM in the AukRoom, with 14 papers and a guest lecture byProf. Richard Tinsley (Bristol).

13-15 September: Julian Reynolds was onthe organising Committee of the FreshwaterCrayfish Conference in Poitiers, France.

28 September: Celia again hosted theEuropean Toxocariasis Initiative, a two-daythink-tank sponsored by Pfizer, in our AukRoom, with assistance from Peter Stafford,Elaine O'Mahony and Marion Barrett.

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VIEWPOINT: CONSERVATION

College now has almost 15,000 students, a50% increase in the last decade; 10% areresearch students. As a city centre university,Trinity has always been constrained by its 40-acre site, and sometimes it seems as if we havehardly room to turn around – however, thesmall grounds staff keep the campusremarkably fresh.

For zoologists, our problem has been a lack ofdirect access to the natural environment. Ourtwo vans are in constant use for research andteaching. We have to truck in sea-water fromDalkey and fresh-water from the Grand Canaland the lack of field stations has sometimesbeen acutely felt. (Frank Jeal was heard tolament the loss in the mid-19th century, ofextensive College lands in the Iveraghpeninsula, Kerry). However, this has also hadpositive impacts - we have always controlledand recycled water in our aquaria, for instanceand conservation issues are often to the fore.

Many of our graduates have gone into theConservation field, as scientists,environmental correspondents, wildlife film-makers and consultants. John Rochford’scourses in EIS and Wildlife Managementprovide a base and, we hope, a stimulus tofurther work. A relatively new developmenthas been our research link with Dublin Zooand our fieldwork to Sulawesi (Indonesia)organised by Nicola Marples. Currentlyseveral Trinity researchers are studyingcaptive behaviour and environmentalenrichment of mammals in zoos acrossEurope, and this is mirrored by research intowild animals in Ireland (squirrels, otters) andoverseas (flamingos, tarsiers). Ken Irvine’sresearch projects in East Africa are providingbaseline data and studies of faunal andenvironmental change for the great AfricanLakes, while his studies on Irish lake waterquality feed into the Water FrameworkDirective.

In fact, Trinity’s central location has been avaluable opportunity for interacting withconservation bodies, both official and NGO,and with the scientific infrastructure of acapital city. The Royal Irish Academy, theNatural History Museum, Dúchas – theHeritage Service - are all within a fewminutes’ stroll of College, and Dublin Zoo,

the Marine Institute, Central Fisheries Board,BIM and Coillte (forestry) headquarters arealso close by. Studies of biodiversity andconservation are increasingly centred in ourMuseum and laboratories while availing of theexpertise of these other bodies.

FOOT & MOUTH DISEASEThe outbreak of Foot and Mouth Disease inBritain was followed by intense activity andsevere controls here - Ireland, unlike Britain,has many more domestic animals thanhumans, so we had a lot more to lose.

All visitors to College had to tramp acrossdisinfectant mats. For Zoology, Botany,Environmental Sciences, Geology andGeography, all fieldwork was suspended,which was a severe blow, particularly toresearch programmes and field courses.

In the last issue of AukTalk we described howTrinity Term has been restructured to allowfor field work – this year seemed at first amost inappropriate time to try the newstructure. However, with some ingenuity,most field programmes have been able to goahead, with official sanction by theDepartment of Agriculture.

The Freshwater Field Course, traditionallybased in the Department, paid close scrutiny tothe Grand Canal and lower Dodder Riverrather than ranging farther afield.The Practical Entomology Course wassimilarly based between the Zoology Museumand city-centre green spaces, and theTerrestrial Field Course was switched fromthe Burren to the Dublin area, includingHowth Head, Ireland’s Eye and city parks.We feel it is important for students to developexpertise in field methodology (trapping, bird-ringing, sampling etc.) no matter what habitatsare available.

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GRADUATE ROUNDUPOur trawl through the fishing industryidentified 17 graduates (AukTalk 1) but catchwas seriously underestimated – Declan Cookeis managing the Moy Fishery including thefamous Ridge Pool in Ballina, Kevin Crowley(1996) is Catchment Management ProjectOfficer with the Northern Regional FisheriesBoard in Ballyshannon, and Myles Kelly(1996) is a char fanatic with the CentralFisheries Board. <http://www.cfb.ie>

This issue looks at a number of other areas inwhich Zoology graduates are making theirmark. Let us know if we missed you!

Careers in ConservationAfter a career with DGXIV in the EuropeanCommission and as an environmentalconsultant, Kevin Bradley (1979) is nowManaging Director of the Brussels-basedAlliance for Beverage Cartons and theEnvironment. David Cabot (1963) wrote theNew Naturalist book on Ireland, and lives inSlovenia.Rolf Hogan (1993) is Programme Associate inthe World Heritage Programme on ProtectedAreas for IUCN (World Conservation Union) inGland, Switzerland. Conor Cahill (1997) isnow working for the British Museum inThailand; Ben Phalan (2000) is working withthe British Antarctic Survey on South Georgia.Richard Casey (1982) is in Water Sciencebranch, Alberta Environment; David Hickie(1977) is Research Officer with An Taisce.Jacinta Reynolds (1983) is with theEnvironment Section of Cork Co. Council.Kate Thorne (1998) is in the Centre forResearch on Ecological Impacts of CoastalCities, Sydney University.Peter Wilson is retiring as Director of DublinZoo.

In DúchasWe have the National Parks covered: KathrynFreeman (PhD 1998) is a Wildlife Rangerbased in Killarney National Park; CameronClotworthy (1997) is in the new Mayo Park,and Ciara Flynn (1998) is a Ranger in WicklowNational Park.Ciaran O’Keeffe (PhD, 1986), formerlyManager of Glenveagh National Park, is nowAssistant Chief in charge of wildlife research,while Rebecca Jeffrey (Ph.D, 1997) is in chargeof management plans.

Ferdia Marnell (PhD 1997) is SouthwestRegional Ecologist with the Wildlife Sectionand Liz Sides (1969) is Marine ConservationOfficer, on secondment to the Heritage Council.

Many Zoologists have also gone intoEnvironmental Consultancy: including AnnaHickey (2000), Peter Moynan (1982) andAnne Newton, née Hudson (MSc 1983).

Zoologists in the Media EyeJohn McManus (1985) is Financial corres-pondent and Johnny Watterson (1983) issportswriter with the Irish Times. EllaMacSweeney (1999) is a science broadcasterwho also writes for the Irish Times; JuanitaBrowne (1997) completed her Masters inMedia studies and has worked in television –she is now editor of the spectacular WildIreland magazine.Paul McKenna (1997) has completed hisMSc in Multimedia Studies and will teach thesubject in Bray Senior College; BernardWalton (1977) is with the BBC NaturalHistory Film Unit in Bristol – his latestachievement was the outstanding ‘Cousins’series; and among those who haven’t yet leftthe day job, Benen Dallaghan (1989) hasphotographed wildlife all over the world.

Also in AcademiaRoger Byrne (MSc 1981) is AssociateProfessor, State University of New York,Fredonia, NY; Venie Martin, née Bryce(1967) lectured in Zoology in WaterfordInstitute of Technology before becoming Headof Research and Development there in 1996,and is now Director of WIT; Jane Delany(1990) is at Dove Marine Laboratory,University of Newcastle, England; DesHiggins (PhD. 1988) is Lecturer inBiochemistry, University College, Cork.Eamonn Mallon (1997) is post-doctoralfellow at ETH, Zurich, looking at the co-evolution of bumblebee hosts and theirtrypanosome parasites.Ruth O’Riordan (1986) is a Lecturer in theDepartment of Zoology & Animal Ecology,University College, Cork.Brian West (1965) – formerly Lecturer inZoology at TCD, Brian is now Professor andDirector of Anatomic Pathology, New YorkUniversity Medical Center, NY.

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NEWS FROM THE RESEARCH GROUPS

Marine Biology

Frank Jeal and Conor Nolan (1981) have beenleading a team studying elasmobranch fisheriesbiology, including Paul Ivory (1999) (ageing ofdogfish) and Emmet Jackson (2001) studyingthe biology of deep-sea rabbit fishes. BrianQuinn presented a poster on his zebramussel study at the International Society ofToxicology meeting in Spain.

Parasitology

Elaine O'Mahony and Ciarán Byrne gaveinvited presentations at the 5th InternationalAcanthocephala Workshop in KonnevesiResearch Station, Finland in May. In AugustElaine O'Mahony successfully completed acourse on advances in ecological parasitology atthe same venue.Celia Holland was joint editor with L.S.Stevenson and E.A.Ottesen of a special issue ofParasitology entitled Controlling intestinalhelminths while eliminating lymphaticfiliariasis. Celia was also senior editor, withM.W.Kennedy, of The Geohelminths: Ascaris,Trichuris and Hookworm which is due to bepublished in December 2001. Marina Pearson(text) and Alison Boyce and RichardHollinshead (figures) prepared the manuscriptfor camera-ready production. This is the secondbook in the series 'World Class Parasites'published by Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Neurobiology

Prof. Barry Roberts and Dr Suzanne Borichwere awarded a 3-year Enterprise Ireland BasicResearch Grant for a post-graduate student tostudy gene expression, neurotrophins and neuralactivity in a brain stem-spinal cord regeneratingmodel. This position was filled by VictoriaPeart, a graduate from Physiology, UCD, whojoined the Neurobiology group in October.Adrian Dervan (Ph.D. 2001) is taking up apost-doctoral position with Gloria Meredith inthe University of Missouri - Kansas, USA.

Jackie Dolan will present a poster at theInternational Symposium on NeuralRegeneration in California in December.

Freshwater Biology

Julian Reynolds continues his cooperativeresearch interests on freshwater crayfish withthe University of Poitiers, France. AndreanneDemers presented a paper on crayfish waterquality requirements at the Poitiers CrayfishConference in September.Noreen McLoughlin presented a poster at theEnviron 2001 meeting in DCU in January.Aine O Connor is now a Post-doctoral Fellowin UCG, studying turloughs.

Ian Donohue has taken over from Sian Davieswho left in July. It's a busy year for Ian who hasalso just got married and earlier submitted hisPhD. Graham McCulloch is back in theDepartment to write up his work on Sua salt panin Botswana. We welcome Val McCarthy(2001) for a studentship on lake ecology andAndrew Jackson (2001) for a bit of trophicdynamic modelling of the Lake Malalwidemersal fish community. This summer saw thecompletion of two reports by Ken Irvine'sgroup - one led by Eleanor Jennings onseasonality of phosphorus in freshwaters andone assisted by Aiveen Kemp (1997) on thepreparation of Ireland for the Water FrameworkDirective. Aiveen is back in the Royal IrishAcademy after her travels in the Far East.Ruth Little has started a thesis onmacroinvertebrates in lakes and Alice Wemaerecontinues with her catchment work in CountyClare.

Norman Allott is co-ordinating an EU projecton peat silt problems in the Burrishoolecatchment, assisted by Brendan O’Hea of theMarine Institute, who is registered for a higherdegree with Zoology.Elvira de Eyto (Ph.D. 2000) is now a Post-doctoral Fellow studying the ecology of shallowlakes.

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LATEST PUBLICATIONS

Bosch, T.J. and Roberts, B.L. (2001). Therelationships of brain stem systems to theirtargets in the spinal cord of the eel, Anguillaanguilla. Brain, Behaviour and Evolution 57,106-116.

Bothwell, Sarah, Meredith, Gloria E., Phillips,Jack, Staunton, Hugh, Doherty, Colin,Grigorenko, Elena, Glazier, Steven, Deadwyler,Sam A., O’Donovan, Cormac A. and Farrell,Michael (2001). Neuronal Hypertrophy in theneocortex of patients with temporal lobeepilepsy. Journal of Neuroscience 21 (13), 4789-4800.

Byrne, C.J., Grey, C., Holland, C. and Poole, R.(2000). Parasite community similarity betweenfour Irish lakes. Journl of Helminthology, 74,301-305.

Cleere, N., Kelly, D. and Pilcher, C..T. (2000).Results from a late autumn ringing project inKuwait, 1995. Ringing and Migration, 20, 186-190.

Cleere, N., Kelly, D. and Pilcher, C..T. (2000).Two new bird species in Kuwait. Sandgrouse,22 (2), November 2000.

Cox, D.M. and Holland, C.V. (2001). Influence ofmouse strain, infective dose and larval burden inthe brain on activity in Toxocara-infected mice.Journal of Helminthology, 75, 23-32.

Cox, D.M. and Holland, C.V. (2001).Relationship between three intensity levels ofToxocara canis larvae in the brain and effects onexploration, anxiety, learning and memory in themurine host. Journal of Helminthology, 75, 33-41.

Echeverri, Karen, Clarke, Jonathan D.W. andTanaka, Elly M. (2001). In vivo imagingindicates muscle fiber dedifferentiation is amajor contributor to the regenerating tailblastema. Developmental Biology, 236 151-164.

Fahy, Edward, Masterson, Eric, Swords, Davidand Forrest, Niamh (2000). A secondassessment of the whelk fishery Buccinumundatum in the southwest Irish Sea withparticular reference to its history of managementby size limit. Irish Fisheries investigations, 6,1-67.

Farrell, M., Barry, E. and Marples, N.M. (2000).Breeding behaviour of the Chilean flamingo(Phoenicopteris chilensis) at Dublin Zoo. ZooBiology, 19, 227-237.

Good, B., Holland, C.V. and Stafford, P. (2001).The influence of inoculum size and time post-infection on the number and position ofToxocara canis larvae recovered from the brainsof outbred CD1 mice. Journal ofHelminthology, 75, 175-181.

Gordina, A.D., Pavlova, E.V., Ovsyany, E.I.,Wilson, J.G., Kemp, R.B. and Romanov, A.S.(2001). Long-term changes in Sevastopol Bay(the Black Sea) with particular reference to theichthyoplankton and zooplankton. Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science, 52, 1-13.

Gouin, N., Grandjean, F., Bouchon, D., Reynolds,J. and Souty-Grosset, C. (2001). Populationgenetic structure of the endangered freshwatercrayfish Austropotamobius pallipes,assessedusing RAPD markers. Heredity, 87, 80-87.

Healy, Elaine and Marples, Nicola. (2000). Theeffect of enclosure complexity on activity levelsand stereotypic beaviour of three species of thegenus Panthera at Dublin Zoo. Proceedings ofthe 2nd Annual Symposium on Zoo Research,Paignton, 6-7 July. 35-41.

Holland, C.V. and Cox, D.M. (2001). Toxocarain the mouse: a model for parasite-altered hostbehaviour? Journal of Helminthology, 75, 125-135.

Irvine, K. (2000) Horizontal distribution,swarming behaviour and production estimates ofChaoborus edulis (Diptera: Chaoboridae) inLake Malawi. Adv. Ecol. Res. 31, 431-448.

Irvine, K., Allott, N., Mills, P. and Free, G.(2000). The use of empirical relationships andnutrient export coefficients for predictingphosphorus concentrations in Irish lakes.Internationale Vereinigung für Theoretische undAngewandte Limnologie (Verh. Internat. Verein.Limnol.), 27, 1127-1131.

Irvine, K., Patterson, G., Allison, E.H.,Thompson, A.B. and Menz, A. (2001). Thepelagic ecosystem of Lake Malawi, Africa:Trophic structure and current threats. The GreatLakes of the World (GLOW): Food-web, healthand integrity, (M. Munawar and R.E.Hecky,editors), Leiden, The Netherlands: BackhuysPublishers, pp.3-30.

Kinahan, Anouska and Marples, Nicola, (2000).Behavoural studies on captive tapirs, Tapirusterrestris, and giraffes, Giraffa camelopardalis,with particular attention to feeding. Proceedingsof the 2nd Annual Symposium on Zoo Research,Paignton, 6-7 July. 127-136.

Linnie, Martyn J. (2000). Prevention ofbiodeterioration in natural history collections:Potential trends and future developments.

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Museum Management and curatorship, 18 (3),295-3000.

Melfi, V.A. and Marples, N., (2000). Behaviourand enclosure uise of captive Sulawesi crestedblack macacques (Macaca nigra) at MarwellZoo. Marwell Zoo Research Journal, 23-28.

Melfi, Vicky A. and Marples, Nicola, (2000).How different captive environments affect thebehavour of Sulawesi crested black macaques(Macaca nigra). Proceedings of the 2nd AnnualSymposium on Zoo Research, Paignton, 6-7 July.151-157.

Meredith G.E., De Souza, I.A.J., Hyde, T.M.,Tipper, G., Wong, M.L., and Egan, M.F. (2000).Persistent alterations in dendrites, spines anddynorphinergic synapses in the nucleusaccumbens' shell of rats with neuroleptic-induced dyskinesias. J. Neurosci., 20, 7798-7806.

Nolan, C.P., Liddle, G.M. and Elliot, J. (2000).Interactions between killer whales (Orcinusorca) and sperm whales (Physetermacrocephalus) with a longline fishing vessel.Marine Mammal Science, 16 (3), 658-664.

O’Connor, Áine, Kavanagh, Brendan andReynolds, Julian D. (2000). Corixidae(Hemiptera Herteroptera) in two artificial lakeson Irish cutaway raised bog. InternationaleVereinigung für Theoretische und AngewandteLimnologie (Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol.), 27,1670-1674

O'Lorcain, P. and Holland, C.V. (2000). Thepublic health importance of Ascarislumbricoides. Parasitology, 121, S51-S71.

O'Toole, Constanze S. and Wilson, J. (2001).Population dynamics of Musculium lacustre inIreland's temperate climate. Bulletin of theMalacological Society of London, 37, 9.

Poole, W.R., Webb, J.H., Matthews, M.A. andYoungson, A.F. (2000), The occurrence ofcanthaxanthin in salmon fry as an indicator ofescaped farmed salmon, Salmo salar L., in Irishrivers. Fisheries Management and Ecology, 7,377-385.

Reynolds, Julian D. (2000). Invertebratecommunities of turloughs (temporary lakes) insouth-east Galway, Ireland. InternationaleVereinigung für Theoretische und AngewandteLimnologie (Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol.), 27,1679-1684.

Reynolds, Julian D. (2000). John Noel RowlandGrainger (1925 - 1995). Bulletin of the IrishBiogeographic Society, 24, 175-180.

Reynolds, J. D. (2001). Growth andReproduction. Chapter 4 in: Biology offreshwater Crayfish (editor David M. Holdich),pp.152-191.

Reynolds, Julian, Souty-Grosset, Catherine,Gouin, Nicolas, Devaney, Sandra andGrandjean, Frédéric (2000). Experimental

restocking of native crayfish in White Lake, Co.Westmeath, Ireland. Proceedings of Crayfishcolnference, Leeds, 26-27 April. (David Rogersand Jonathan Brickland, editors), 123-130.

Skerrett, H.E. and Holland, C.V. (2000). Theoccurrence of Cryptosporidium in environmentalwaters in the greater Dublin area. WaterResearch, 34 (15), 3755-3760.

Skerrett, H.E. and Holland, C.V. (2001).Asymptomatic shedding of Cryptosporidiumoocysts by red deer hinds and calves. VeterinaryParasitology, 94, 239-246.

Smit, W.A., Valzing, E.H., Diegenbach, P.C. andRoberts, B.L. (2001). Changing synapticconnections on cell bodies of growing identifiedspinal motoneurons of the eel, Anguilla. Anat.Embryol., 203, 123-136.

Stephenson, L.S., Holland, C.V. and Cooper, E.S.(2000). The public health significance ofTrichuris trichiura. Parasitology, 121, S73-S95.

Stephenson, L.S., Holland, C.V. and Ottesen,E.A. (editors). (2000). Controlling intestinalhelminths while eliminating lymphatic filiariasis.Parasitology, 121, Supplement.

Tully, O., O’Donovan, V. and Fletcher, D. (2000).Metabolic rate and lipofuscin accumulation injuvenile European lobster (Homarus gammarus)in relation to simulated seasonal changes intemperature. Marine Biology, 137, 1031-1040.

Tully, O., Roantree, V. and Robinson, M.(2001). Maturity, fecundity and reproductivepotential of the European lobster (Homarusgammarus) in Ireland. Journal of the MarineBiological Association of the UK, 81, 61-68.

Wilson, J.G., Mackie, A.S.Y., O’Connor, E.I.S.,and Darbyshire, T. (2001). Benthic Biodiversityin the Irish Sea 2: The South-west Irish SeaSurvey. - Studies in Marine Biodiversity andSystematics from the National Museum of Wales.BIOMOR Reports 2 (1): 1-143.

Zagorianakos, Efthimios (2001). Back to thefuture? Brussels’s plans for the exztension ofEnvironmental Impact Assessment at a strategiclevel. Topos & Greek Journal of SpatialPlanning and the Environment, 16, 198-209.

Editors:Julian Reynolds, Marina PearsonContributions for next AukTalk to:

Editor, AukTalk, Zoology Department,Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland.e-mail: jrynolds@tcd.iehttp://www.tcd.ie/Zoology/