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~~...- T. R. I. BULLETIN5d9 ~~!~t;f_i~t.J.1^J r~K.?,c9r - ~ _ _~&dquo;~~ ~T~,~..~ Z . _,4,yao~-*~1,,13

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Q&dquo; 8iA t4n.r-~q A An Official Publication of M r. ..: 3 ~a. ,~ .i..,x .~ A ~, -,~ 8-redm~JI; uo40c>7&dquo;&dquo;&dquo;>&dquo;&dquo;X&dquo;d f United States Institute for Textile

Research,Inc.-l% ~_~s~ -t1T9hl&&T~

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..-r &dquo; _ : v ., , y ~y &dquo;-~-~ ro i ~ i ~ C. ~~ F :131 V 1 i1

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&horbar;&dquo;&horbar;

Vol. I ~ .t ~ r 1.. Boston, 11a s s ., March, 1931 ,..._- ._r ~..:~ =i No. 2

_~J &dquo;~C~ ?~~* gl3 Od9 ~roo bao ~~~,~re ~e~~r~ ,(ts:.tg&dquo;to$2

~= ~ ~~ Larger Executive CO!1&dquo;:uit,teeAuthorized--BoArd of Trustees ft T03 9;iJi&dquo;~1&dquo;&dquo;&dquo;&dquo;&dquo;I &dquo; Elected--Rese~a.rc3h Sub-CommitteesAppointed--Interesting ..t ~xo~~~~t~~~frc~;,

Papers Read..&dquo;4=t, &dquo;, ,~&dquo;J ALf8fd-1T ~,1 0E0i&dquo;~ ~ ~~ -nt:1

Approximately 25% of T. ft 1-.;0 ~ember ships were represented at the combined >, &dquo;&dquo;hspecial meeting of the corporation and the first quarterly meeting of the Board ofDirectors, held at the Chemists Club, New York City, the afternoon of Tuesday,February 24. The principal accomplishments were as follows: Amendment of Section 2Of Article II of the By-Laws authorizing the increase of executive committee member-ship from six to not more than twelve members; election of first Board of Trustees;election of P. H. Hanes, Jr., Winston-Salem, N. C. to succeed B. E. Geer, resignert;election of 15 new annual and 2 new contributing members; presentation of formalpapers on technical and economic subi-eots.

During the morning there were sessions of the executive and research committees,the former being devoted 1 ~r!;ely to routine matters ivhile the latter devoted inucbof its time to the discussion of needed sub-committees and the nature of their wo~kand personnel Following these meetings the President held an in,formal reception nthe lobby, this and the luncheon served at 1 p.m. providing ample oprortunit~r forsocial

intercourse. In comrnentinm on the meetincs one of the directors writes asfollows; &dquo;Everything went off ricely; the attendance was good and the interest wasremarkable.&dquo; ()9Wet.tv~, v:rt~ittd ~nebla $T1 tIfT


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. Meeting of the Research Committee.

Chairman vIr. E. Emley presided at the meeting of the research committee, theother members present being Dr Edwards, Prof. Haven and A. R. Pierce, also thePresident and Secretary. Full discussion of the agenda in writing had beer. receive.from T,~essrs. Olney, rMcGowan and &dquo;hlen of the committee.

The discussion of bibliography and abstract service developed the opinion .nabnone of the abstract services now available covers the entire textile field ade-quately, and that the Institute is justified in establishing a new abstract serviceeven though the material may duplicate that which is to be found elsewhere. A sub-committee on abstract service was appointed consisting of Dr. W. F. Edwards,Chairman, Dr. 111. E. Emley, Prof. Schwarz and E. D. 1./lTaJ.en.

Chairmen of the sub-committees were elected as follows, they being authorize4~;-:to select their onm personnel: Mill Research, Prof. George B. Haven; Economic ,.,o~Research, H. V. R. Scheel; Testing Research, Prof. Ii. J. Ball. The selection of !mchairman for the sub-committee on Scientific Research was left in the hands ofChairman Emley. Two new research problems were presented to the committee, one onthe use of ammonia in pl~_ce of sodium in textile processes, and the other on the,44

developmentof fabrics for use as dust

collectors,and it was voted to refer both

of these problems to the appropriate sub-committees,&dquo; , _ , .

iJJo edj 3n ~~ ,r~~;1~~.~ &f~.&dquo;9-: c~ee~r a~ al 111:J$I!tJfl . . ~ .T lo ttoi:t:>l1U1 ~cr~~t~~~~,~ ~Followingadiscussion of the survey of textile research organizations and

facilities it was decided that the committee should proceed to set up its own ~regional contact organizatinns in order that information of this character may bet-4continuously kent un to date.

id be.,c:e1t..-L1(8111feIIu!.1 ~ T lo 9L--Iav ed9~~-~e~ VAs? ~~~i~ ~~io.~~~zo i~s ~~oi~~e~~u~ ev~-o~.s~x~~~o~ . a &dquo;!~dmf)J1: ~~~ sr~o~t~ ~~ ~a~~

.S~eioef~r~~ It- Executive Committee Meeting. _ t~t,~ .~1~88 sit evoiqml of

The regular monthly meeting of the executive committee was call.ed to order bythe President at 11 a.m., with E. N. Hood, Dr. E. H Killheffer, H. V. R. Scheel andthe Secretary present. Only routine matters having to do with reports of the

Secretary, Treasurer and Con Mit4-,ef,-s were acted upon, but the committee preppred a

ticket for the Board of Trustees to be submitted to the special meeting of thecorporation that afternoon. The Treasurers report, covering period from October 1,1930 to February 1, 19,31, showed a gross balance of $2401.58 and a balance of currentfunds of $401.58. A budget for the balance of the fiscal year was presented butdefinite action was deferred unt i1 the xl~xt ~tl,eetiz~g, Qf. ~l1e ~Q.o~ltt.e.~., -.. . c, ~ - ~

q4J to >n13e+m ~f~~:~~t.~~~ ~a^r~~ ~~ bn. rroi~~~or~~~o ~~#~ 1o ~~~~~~. j~si9.

q - -~*3oyo -uoa>p btrp .~~:~,~~t~~~:~ 40 eI&dquo;taqsq,Combined Meetine s of Directors and Corporation. ~-t- a~~f~

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It having been found that there was no business in the agenda for the meetingof the Board of Directors thpt could not be acted upon at the special meeting of theCorporation, it was decided to hold. a combined meeting: of both bodies and this wascalled to order by the President at 2:15 T1.m..., , ...

~ ~~~:-a-~~,~ .-oy ~ ;,~The President briefly reviewed the work of officers and committees since the

annual meeting, stating that they are &dquo;Trying to xet the job crystallized, and are


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gradually beginning, to see light.&dquo; &dquo;In this day of research,&dquo; he added, &dquo;it is ., ~necessary to get the industry research-minded so that it may realize that researchis a scientific way of working out its problems. But first it is necessary to see .the problem clearly and to have the cooperation of all factors.&dquo;

1-1

:.. Tvat3 x>bni 9fft ~tr.i~otevo~-- ni Ieof!o3 .bsvo r 1rt~ >EdJ9m MiT ,

Election of additional membersof the executive committee as provided bv the &dquo;.amendment was laid on the table at the suggestion of the President, he expressingthe opinion that there should be a careful canvass of the Board of Directors prioluoto such election in order to secure a membership that can be depended uron to provide3. worki1!g. 9,~?:r~~.. a.,y~ e~9h;, rn~etJpe;t9.f the committee. .&dquo; &dquo; ..- ~, , t,&dquo; ,.> , , - _ _

&dquo; .arI?>I1OW *lot&dquo;

-! ~) ~ j [^~rr p ^. ~c n ~&dquo;-t ~J~,3 ~ n:t Y!3^hcA t~. ~!6 ~ ? t7 r ft t~ ~1t of 3.0 FIO 1:~&dquo;a 3,. ~t~~Election of Bonrd of Trustees. - The following nominees for the board as

&dquo;

,f

suggested by the executive committee were elected unanimously: A. E. Colby, Trel3.s-i-Y!.Pacific Mills, Boston, Mass.; Alex. MorriEon, Sec., AmericanAssociation of TextileChemists and Colorists, Andover, Mass.; Albert P. Pierce, Agent, Pierce Mfg. Corp,,.4,,,,-2Jew

Bedford, Mass.; A. R. &dquo;Titchell, Jr. ; Allen R. 1.:i~chell & Son, Philadelphia, Pa.;..P- J. ~ood, Uice-Pres., Oriental Silk Printing Co., Haledon, N. J.; and Dr. E. H.Killheffer, Pres.,, Ne wport Chemical Works,~ PnsGaic,, N. J.,~ ~&~&dquo;;)0~ ~t.n6VBh .B&dquo;.,--i


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Election of New Director. - The Secretary reporting that election of Mr. B. E.Geer as a contributing member had been due to a misunderstandingt and that, as hehad never qualified as such, his election as a director was voided, the election ofa director to fill the vacancy was in order and P. H. Hanes, Jr.) Pres., P. He ti~.r.c,^Knitting Co., Winston-Salem, N. C. was elected bv unanimous vote. :t :t~~ c~ &dquo;,&dquo;tF8~

. ~. B2..f~ 31

Election of New Members. - The following l.ist of membership apnlications .146renorted

bythe

Secretarywere elected en block

unanimously: Contributing; JiopWebbing Co., Pawtucket, R. I., represented btr C. A. I-iorto~n, Pres. & C-en. Me-r.;Textile Research Council, Boston, Mass., represented by C. H. Clark, Sec. Annual. ~1W. G. Abbott, Jr. Wilton, N. H. ; Liliqn C.&dquo;j. Baker, Div. Home Economics, Kansas ;lf1.L.~Agric. College, P~hanhat,tar., Kansas: Charles F. Goldthwait, Senior Industrial Felloow,Mellon Inst. of Indus. Research, Pi+,tsbu.r~;h, Pa.; Barne+~t D. Gordon, Vice-Pres.,Mass. Kni+.ting Mills, Jamaica Plain., Mass.: W. P. Hamrick, Gen. Supt., Hampton Di.v..Pacific Mills, Columbia, S. C.; Arthur E. Hirst, Supt., American Printing Co.,Fall River, Mass.; C. J. Huber, :1gr. Research Dept., Cheney Bros., South Manchester,Conn.; Ralph I Lindsay, Washability Bu.reau, Lever Bros~, Cambridge, Mass.; &dquo;&dquo;Melliand Textile Monthly, New York City, represented by Dr. Schwarz, Pres.; WilliamR. Hoorhouse, N5-~tl. Aniline & Chemical Co., In.c., Boston, Mass.; J. Frank Morrissey,Supt., Interlaken Mills, West 1fJ~,rwick, R. I. ; Jewett B. Newton, Asst. Treas.,

Androscoggin Mills, Augusta, Maine; WilliamA. Pedler, Agent, Acadia Mills, La1VTe?1~E:,Mass.; E.M. Shelton, Research Director, Cheney Bros., South Manchester, Conn.;Albert W. Thompson, Vice-Pres., Parks-Cramer Co., Boston, l~Iass. ka&dquo;

.; -=: .~ ~, ~. Y; !;J) 1Resolution of Sympathy. - On motion of Mr. Broadbent, which was duly secandetl~, ~

it was voted that in the death of H. R. Fitzgerald, an original member, directorand vice-president of the Institute, the corporation had lost an ardent supporter ofscientific research and the textile industry one of its ablest leaders, and that themSecretary be instructed to transmit to Mrs. Fitzgerald and her family and toMr. Fitzgeralds business associates a message of sympathy and the formal record ofthis vote. -~ . ~ - w - - .

.. -..- j -- .., u ...-. ~ .. - -~ ,,&dquo; ..~:/&dquo; r&dquo; ...

Technical Papers. - There being no other business calling for action the r&dquo;A :.President declared the business session closed. He then stated that it was hiiw6pGat all similar future

meetin.,~sto ha.ve the

programenriched

bythe

presentationof

reports of researches, or papers and addresses upon technical and economic subjects.

He was gratified to be able to introduce two speakers at this meeting; Vice.JaaSPresident H. V. R, Scheel, who would read a paner on &dquo;An Index Figure for MeasuringRelative Effectiveness of Management from the Social St-andpoint&dquo;, and Prof. GeorgeB. Haven of PJI. I. T., who had volunteered at the last minute to take the place ofProf. Schwarz of M. I. T. ,who was unable to be present: &dquo;it&dquo; ~c ~v~-~~-~- ~~~:~~~~~3~wj~,

,

, ~.;;.... _ , -.. k, ~ ~ f ~:: ,. ~ ; - ~ L--:

The methods employed by Lfr. Scheel in developin4 the index figure do not lendthemselves to brief abstra.cting. A careful reading of the whole paper will be founddesirable and inferestinr, and copies mav be obtained by addressing the Secretary.Quite as interesting as the methods employed in developing this index figure is the fact that its application proves conclusively that industry is suffering from y&dquo;~

&dquo;competition gone mad, wtiich has resulted in such selling prices to industrys ~t~ ~production as to mean loss of money to investors and lack of work for workers.&dquo;1,~r. Scheel believes thf-1t if society can he made to understand the nature of theindustrial problem it can be relied upon to take the necessary steps to solve it.

An index figure that will measure the relative effectiveness of management from thesocial viewpoint should go a long way toward development of a better understandingof this problem. ~~~ ~&dquo;-&dquo;-~ .*.. ;&dquo;;&dquo;., .-i~ ~ =.a.. -~~ .~

J . s . ,~-- , &dquo;).B&dquo;&dquo;-~I ,-,of this problem, ~:J -,.;, ...., .:..&dquo;,~ ,&dquo; . ,.:, ~: &dquo; &dquo;.,. ... C.~&dquo; &dquo;.. t !....,.~ T t., .T t ~.fie! ~ r f.PJS ~A ~ e~~= . ~!~ ~rr.;-+N~~.:t -Jr1


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The Textile Research Questionnaire.- ...+

- ~ .~

The Textile Researcl Questioill1FB.ires, which are -Ghe basis of the survey tha~&dquo;~~ ~ ~3IT- 8. Institute is conducting for The Textile Foundation, have been mailed to all ok~members of T. R. I, without regard to whether they or the firms, institutions ~:,1G:9;;+-cther bodies with which they are connected had received them previously.< It :1.13 ,... ?4hoped th~t all members identified BJith concerns doin::: t,extil-e re.,,epLre.1- B&dquo;j_1.1m~,ke :,;~~Icertain that the questionnaires (~qv~ been answered and returned. Also, I=]ist +.~()~:, 0.:-will not fail to give T. R. I,0 the benefit of research suggestions based upon tht:irexperience.1Q p.roll4 ~~~, nr4.~ ~~lw b~~~t.-~ :~ ~3 I ^l ~~~t~:~ ~ d~rlw e- ~1~&dquo;~~3~ ~srl ~~?~~ .

.

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G?ueStionnal?&dquo;eS are anathema to most busy men and irill be resorted to as&dquo;&dquo;li...&dquo;r..obquently as nor-sible by T. R. I., but the information sought by this survey has llPv~been nublished and could be obtained promptly in no other manner. Evidently this 1~1very

generally abpreciated, for within three weeks of the date of mailing: the Hdquestionnaire to the initial list approximately 50% of the list had reoliPd.~~o bf-riow~.d r .11&ttd- Diuc~ es .P9aoqmo!,).1 ~cl&dquo; a.i~ fio.i~!r 1~ ~o~ c...~ ~:~.:~~: :7ud4&horbar;oq~o s~ ~i ~~?C~t3 mICMf~ ~.~~~ ~~~ ~~ ivo r.~~ o~ i~~ &rlj ~ni


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,.~ --:.. ,

..... Textile Research as Viewed by Modern Physicist.-

;, ,4&dquo; Jr;~;l -,G~~; y, _.S,~Z~.~?~~-; ~~~-~A.~ ~..

Dr. Karl T. Compton, president of l~ I. T., was asked by Maurice Holland,director of the National Research Council, as to what a physicist equipped with t::f~modern tools of

physicalresearch would

probablydo to set about

investigating

textiles. Mr. Holla.nd qnoted from Dr. Comptons reply in a recent address befor1f~~:1:the textile committee of theAmerican Society for Testing Materials, noting that ,I,.,-,was merely a statement to create interest and was suggestive, rather than an atte l.l1tto outline a specific research program. The letter follows: .T

&horbar;-

...fo~ ~,. k~&dquo; .T ev 1~ af. I~ ~3 ~o~ n~

&dquo;.&dquo;.. .. &dquo;You have asked me what a physicist equipped with the modern tools of physicalresearch would probably do to set about investigating textiles. He would certainl-ydo in this field just what he has done in the field of properties of matter--namely,go running for the elementary units of which matter is composed and try to determineits properties; then attempt to interpret the properties of the matter in bulk interms of the properties of its component elements. In applying this to textiles, Fewould certainly concentrate his attention, not upon the cloth or other textile pro=~~ducts, but upon the thread of which the cloth is composed. He would then, I believe,examine the thread to find out of what type cellular structure it is composed. Thiswould certainly lead him to an investigation of cellulose cells and the bindingmaterial which holds them together. 4f~,A -&dquo;&dquo; . &dquo; &dquo; . j ~material which holds them &dquo;- ~ri~~~a~a 3~~ ~ ~f4r

-

., w tM~t4~ v fer ~c.WdtI~ berl8llds..:q ~~9~ W~:&dquo;~

it ; rrHis most powerful tool would probably be the X-ray and the electron, for &dquo;by .~:~me~ns of the X-ray he would investigate the manner in which the atoms are combined

&dquo;

together in various geometrical arrangements to form the elementary cell, and bymeans of the electron he could investigate the properties of the surfaces of thesq._..,__cells. Such investigations have already led to strikingly successful results in theinvestigations of closely allied substances such as asbestos fibers, mica, etc., i~,r-which the arrangement of atoms in the elementary crystals or cells has given the

~&dquo;

interpretation of the physical properties of the materials. _; ~ ,. -.- ..,

&dquo;In the field of

metallurgy,such

investigationshave led to

astonishing results,such as the production of non-sae&dquo; tungsten wire, stainless steel and many othermarvels of modern metallur~r. The secret of success of such modes of investigationis that the X-ray or the electron, because of their small size or penetrating nature,can get in, look around and exa:nine what is ~oing on on the inside of structures

which are entirely too small for investigation by ordinary methods.

(1 ... ~. F ~ &dquo; ~ c?! ~y ~ ~ - .. /r, . ~ ,, 7i_ ~ , .n r.r .

&dquo;I think that if you and I could become electrons, could enter one of thesetextile fibers and bat around on a tour of investigation, we would find somethingwhich would he extremely useful, if we could only translate ourselves back intohuman beings and tell the world what we saw. The modern physicist with his new re-search tools, comes as close to this as it is physically possibl.e to do.&dquo;

--...1..ol. ,,...


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_..

~ RESEARCHABSTRACTS &horbar;- - -..~~

Relative Classification Values of.

Silk - D. E. Douty.....1r~-: ~^~ruESry.~:,~,n Silk Journal - January 1931.

,&dquo; /B11101 J.(~f1.n F-,ilkJolirnal - January 1931...An outline of a program for the unification of raw silk classification submitt~r.

to the Raw Silk Classification Comm. of the SilkAssociation ofAmerica. TheJapanese Plan and the proposed scheme are ,considered concurrently, with referencemade to a report included in the Proc. of the. 2nd International Technical Raw 8i ll~rf:conference &dquo;The concensus of opinion seems to be&dquo;, states e ar 1C e, &dquo;that v~~.~7i2e Deviation is not of sufficient importance to be included in the Classification.It also appears that Seriplane TestA so nearly co3ncides with Test B that it cambe eliminated. If these two .type s are omitted, and theAuxiliary Types

t of the.

American Classification and the Second Division Tvpe of the Japanese are compiledinto a table of specifications of minimum values to constitute a good delivery, bt.th

classifications will rest upon the same basis and it only remains to work outsatisfactory relations between Evenness and Cleanness and to determine the numericalvalue to arrive at a common grading

&dquo;

A table is eiven showing clearly the way inwhich the values for Cleanness and Neatness in theAmerican Classification, es-pecially in the upper grades, are out of line with the Evenness and LowAverage.From Grade C down the two classifications are in good agreement. Four charts andseveral tables are included in the art;icle. - ( w)

- ~ < - - - .~~ .0

Use of the Microscope in the Textile Industry - J. M. Preston.Textile Manufacturer, Manchester, England. ~(Jan. , Apr., May, July, Aug., Oct.,Nov. 1930

and Jan. 1931)

-

A series of articles covering types of optical equipment and accessories suitab7for textile work; methods for recording and measuring; techniques of sta~.ning;mounting fiber sections; study of surfaces and fabric structure; use of the ultra-microscope; fluorescent phenomena in textiles; use of the polarising microscope,etc.rtlr, Preston has apparently conducted a considerable amount of research in the fieldof textiles and has presented in brief form with many excellent illustrations theresults, not only of his experience, but also of a thorough study of the literature.The numerous references to sources are valuable and the articles form a good reviewof recent work. - (s)

-

Investigations on Textile Fibers - W. Harrison.Royal Society Proceedings - Volume 94. ,g .o!4 .

The author reports in compact form the result of his investigations of strainedconditions in fibers, as shown by the use of the polarising microscope. Cotton wasfound to offer zreater resistance to deformation than did wool, and both fibersshowed permanent deforma.tion under certain conditions Silk, ramie, and linen showedsimilar results, but of lesser degree than for wool In the dry state, fibersindicate a kind of plasticity in which strains produced by externally applied loadsare accompanied bv corresponding internal stresses; both disrprearine when thefibers are treated with cold water. Heat up to ICOOC. does not alter the natureof dry fibers in regard to this plasticity. The elastic limit appears to be higherfor wool than for other fibers.

At high temperatures water renders the fibers truly plastic. Externally appliedstresses produce deformation but little or no internal stress. The work is astriking example of the Possibilities afforded by the polarising microscope forqualitative study of the basic properties of textile fibers. Quantitative work asan lntrc)d1,,I,.i on to and as a study parallel with X-ray analysis will follow withimproved ~pp!~1.us :nl(l technique. - (s)


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The Refraction of Light in. Fine Filazqng Raf9n.. - Herzog.Kunstseide, January, 1931.

, i ~~ .1 : i .~.~ t.~. r i .: ;. ; i..:

The author reports results of a number of experiments concerned with the indicesof refraction for rayons. The use of the polarising microscope for this purpose isdescribed and the difference between the n1e.ximum and minimum index as well as thevalues for each is tabulated for each type of rayon. It is pointed out that the

values are different for fine filament and coarse filament strands of the sane brana,The former are more strongly double refracting. Tl1 largest variation in specificrefractive index between fine and coarse filaments amounts to 52.4% for cuprammoniumand the lowest is 27.3% for nitrate. The average index does not differ very appre-ciably between fine and coarse filaments. The principle indices of fine filanient~&dquo;9,rayon, which lies in the fiber length parellel with and at right angles to the pla.~&dquo;h!of polarisation, are smaller in the parallel position and larger in the perpendiou.~t-position than is the case with similarly oriented coarse fbered rayons. There 1o/--.>l-therefore, seem to be a difference in structure in the two types. - (S) &dquo;

n.&dquo;:1.c1::r~::

i r ... ~ ~/

u,8.&dquo;&dquo; ~T w ~r~II = .i :..J;;tfO ~1&dquo;G-w 0; anlMoi y lHO :t 1J tHIS ~.c .l. G:7J ~.F1~ ~~ ~~~yst kT~o~~=r Y c?~~ 1 ~..~~. 4ya~ar.~ti.IffvJ ~ .! ~. ~.~ ~1 ~t:1113.f ~ S;!C(r t)iS- etttr~~ttft, ~4 :!1!! ~HJrtlf;~ rj~; -;~f.rr9fJ:!t ~~~8


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Fluorescence of Textile Dyeinrs in 1Tltrrt-Violet Licht. I,.Kummerer. l~elliands foTextilberichte 1929, No. 10. The illumination of textile dyeings by ultra violet il

light supplies bv the excitation of fluorescencea

distinguishing characteristic ?tbithe recognition of textile dyeings. It has the disadvantage that it is based upon

P. subjective observation and is +,herefore ambiguously described. Also, its sphere~f application is mainly confined to yellow, red, P.n4 violet dveings. A briefvm:~&dquo;o

report is given of the observations made during the examination of textile dyeiTMsEunder ultra-violet light. The fluorescence of dyeings on wool, silk, and rayon is,in .general, more brilliant than that of dyeings on cotton. Tables are given ofl&dquo;fii~examples of the most brilliant fluorescent dyeings of wool, silk, rayon and cott4kSlDyestuffs derived from fluorescine show a particularly powerful fluorescence: .a


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clashes of mixed cotton-rayon. fabrics, such as, for example, handkerchief clot;hs, -tin which lo-s of wei8:h~ of the rayon &dquo;T01.d be accompanied by loss of strength, coverand possibly lustre, it would be well to ccrsid=1- whether greater economy would notbe effected in the long: run by the u se of scoured or bleached, instead of grey&dquo; ~,~1 ~tcotton warps, when a mild ivasl-,.in! 7 treatment, followed if nece.ssary by a very light ..

chemick, would give a good white in .ho.I;t% _component .:1;arn6, wi~h.ou~...de.t.racting from t,bw&dquo;strength or handle of the fabric.~-,~i-4 ~~,~~x~~~ b~~ a~o,~d~~tasd~ erl~ 10 n9vl~ a I 310u;>-f

.. - .. -....fIJIIII.,

&dquo;Purified Textile Insulation for Telephone Central. Office Wiring&dquo;, by HoE. Glenn T1-


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.. &dquo;Ptifi8d Textile Insulation for .~civrnone rertrr.1 Office 1&dquo;it1-inr&dquo; by H, H... Glerm _and E. B. .Vood, Bell Telephone Tuboratories. Reprint, B-390, May, 19~9. , .

.

This paper outlines metl;ods by which silk and cotton insulation can be puri-*~&dquo;fied and improved. It Fives the results of tests on the insulationproperties ctir these materials before and after purificat ion and explains the testing proccdur2s..

~

In a contemporary paper, &dquo;The Predominating; Influence of Moisture andB.:&dquo;):&dquo;&dquo; ;1.

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