trp chapter 1.3 1 chapter 1.3 developing a hazardous waste policy and strategy
TRANSCRIPT
TRP Chapter 1.3 2
Strategic policy and planning hierarchy
Source: Strategic Planning Guide for MSW Management 2001
TRP Chapter 1.3 3
Vital components
)
ENFORCEMENT
LEGISLATION
SUPPORTSERVICES
FACILITIES
Institutional arrangements
Stakeholders
Source: David C Wilson 1993
TRP Chapter 1.3 5
Waste management evolution 1
DILUTION
TREATMENT
RECYCLING
REACTIVE
CLEANER PRODUCTION
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
PROACTIVE
Source: World Bank Technical Paper 93
TRP Chapter 1.3 6
Policies and instruments to promote compliance
COMMAND ANDCONTROL
REGULATION
ECONOMICINSTRUMENTS
INFORMATIONDISSEMINATION
AND USE
VOLUNTARYAPPROACH
Source: David C Wilson 1999
How to control?
TRP Chapter 1.3 7
Elements for control
WASTE GENERATOR
1255
TRANSPORTATION
*
FACILITIES
DEFINITION ORCLASSIFICATION OF
WASTE
Regulatory Tools for Control
Source: David C Wilson 1999
TRP Chapter 1.3 8
Elements of legislation
Generator Recycling
DisposalTreatmentStorage
Transport
Responsibilities
Controls
TRP Chapter 1.3 9
Hazardous waste in a wider context
Hazardous waste policies are just one part of the country’s wider environmental protection programme
Must also address: •open dumping of non-hazardous wastes •uncontrolled discharge of sewage and factory effluents•marine pollution•air pollution •controls over toxic chemicals•pesticide policy•hazardous materials transport
Need to progress over a broad front
TRP Chapter 1.3 10
Enforcement
Effective enforcement of hazardous waste legislation:
• needs sufficient resources, administrative back-up
• should be phased in gradually
• must be monitored
• relies on enforcement of existing environmental protection laws
• should be transparent to encourage compliance
TRP Chapter 1.3 11
Support services
Infrastructure and support services
needed include:
•Analytical services
•Consultancy services
•Training and skills development
•Information systems
TRP Chapter 1.3 12
An integrated approach to hazardous waste management
ENFORCEMENT
LEGISLATION
SUPPORTSERVICES
WASTE
GENERATOR
FACILITIES
DEFINITION OR
CLASSIFICATION
OF WASTE
TRANSPORT
COMMAND AND
CONTROL
REGULATION
FACILITIES
ECONOMIC
INSTRUMENTS
INFORMATION
DISSEMINATION
AND USE
VOLUNTARY
APPROACH
COMPONENTS OF THE
OVERALL SYSTEM
ELEMENTS
WHAT TO CONTROL?
HOW TO
CONTROL?
*
InstitutionalArrangements
Stakeholders
Source: David C Wilson 1999
TRP Chapter 1.3 13
Developing a regional plan
for hazardous
waste management
Source: Strategic Planning Guide for MSW Management 2001
TRP Chapter 1.3 14
Experience in developing a national hazardous waste management
systemThe experience of other countries offers useful guidance:• See how HWM systems are put together• Compare and contrast different national approaches
• Understand the existing local system• Choose the ‘best of the rest’ from around the world
• Adapt these to local needs and circumstances• Build a unique local system
TRP Chapter 1.3 15
Common elements in successful implementation
• Use a package of actions
• Build support of public and government
• Combine co-operation and coercion
• Make enforcement practical, taking into account available resources
• Gradual build-up of controls, interfaced with other pollution control legislation
• Some short term actions plus longer-term plans
TRP Chapter 1.3 16
Waste management evolution 2
Source: Robinson, Waste Management & Research March 1990
TRP Chapter 1.3 17
Common constraints and difficulties in implementation
•Inadequate early identification and quantification of wastes
•Poor enforcement of existing pollution controls
•Long delays before facilities are provided
•Lack of public confidence
•Lack of resources for enforcement
•Complexity and fragmentation of administrative aspects
TRP Chapter 1.3 18
Some guiding principles
• Do something now rather than
investigate for too long• Provide money up-front to
facilitate action• Use both carrot and stick
TRP Chapter 1.3 19
Useful first steps
• Document and quantify problem
• Designate and train responsible staff
• Control water pollution and solid
wastes
• Early measures for waste minimisation
• Interim treatment/disposal measures
• Raise public/political awareness
• Obtain appropriate independent advice
TRP Chapter 1.3 20
Chapter 1.3 Summary
•This chapter stresses the need to take strategic and integrated approach, and to develop vital components in parallel
•It sets the evolution of waste management policies in the wider context
• Need for national and regional planning
• Learn from the experience of others
• Common elements of successful implementation, and common constraints
• Guiding principles
• Useful first steps