Truman at the helm/Foundations of the Cold War.

Yalta Feb 1945

Results of Yalta• FDR promises to withdraw all U.S. troops

from Europe in 2 years.• Declaration on Liberated Europe promises

"free and unfettered elections", but secret agreement on Curzon boundary

• Stalin to enter Asia war, and gets S. Sakhalin, Kuriles, control of ports and railroads in Manchuria.

• China?

Potsdam August 1945

Results of Potsdam

• Nazi leaders to be tried as war criminals at Nuremburg.

• Korea to be divided. • Demands

unconditional surrender of Japan.

• Stalin told on July 24 of A-bomb test.

• Germany to be administered as single economic unit by Allies, but Stalin seals all land access to East Germany

Change of heart? 1946

• Feb. 9 - Stalin hostile speech - communism & capitalism were incompatible.

• Feb. 10 - Churchill visit to Truman - argues hard-line response, need to create unified Anglo-American opposition to Stalin

• Mar. 5 - Churchill's speech at Fulton, Missouri - an "iron curtain" has descended on Europe

• Bikini Atoll and others

Truman Doctrine

• Brit. Feb. 12 announced Greece pullout "I believe that it must be the policy of the United

States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures."

"national security" not defense, unilateral not UN, domino theory not regionalism

signed May 22 with Vandenberg amendment that affirmed U.S. support for United Nations

Marshall Plan

Economic “bullets”

“Reds under the bed.”

• HUAC.• Richard Nixon.• Joseph McCarthy.• Feb 1948 Czech crisis.• Loyalty oaths.• Alger Hiss.• Ethel and Julius

Rosenberg.

Spy v. spy

Berlin Airlift

• June 1948.• Lasted for 11 months.• Two million lbs. of

supplies.

1949- Not a good year

• NATO created.• USSR detonates their

first atomic bomb.• Mao Zedong defeats

Chiang Kaishek.