• Day 123+124 SWBAT…– Analyze the ESP

effects of the Cold War on Europe

– Judge the victors and losers in the Berlin Crisis

– Analyze the effects of the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan on Europe during the Cold War

• Battered & Bruised after WWII

• USA & USSR will both want to sell their econ/pol systems

a. Eastern Europe falls from 1946-1948– Albania 1944– Bulgaria 1946– Romania + Poland

1947– Czech 1948– Hungary 1949

b. How did Stalin do it?– Free Elections?

• Not really– Some countries forced

to become Commie

• Winston Churchill makes a speech in the USA in 1946– From…the Baltic to…the

Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the continent. Behind that line lie all the capitals of the ancient states of central and eastern Europe.”

• Iron Curtain created and run by the Soviet Union– These countries aligned with

USSR– Soviet Sphere– Satellite countries

a) Greece & Turkey attacked by Commie rebels– Stalin giving rebels $$ aid

(chessboard analogy!!!)b) Great Britain too broke to

defend Greece– Tells USA what?

• “USA will support free peoples in the world resisting takeovers from armed minorities”– $400 million in aid to

Greece and Turkey• Philosophy/Strategy in the

Truman Doctrine = #3:Containment– Keep Communism

contained in areas where it only exists currently

– Don’t let it spread– Patience…eventually

Communism will destroy itself– Stalin viewed it as

encirclement– Chessboard!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

• Europe is battered and in poverty...perfect for…(?)

• To strengthen Democratic countries, they need USA aid (USA product)

• USA will give food and economic aid to any European country who wants it to rebuild– $Billions used to help

Europe recover• Do you offer aid to USSR

and Stalin’s satellite countries?– YES!!! Why?– Stalin refuses aid for his

sphere

• When was Germany divided like this

• Denazification…a. USA, France, GB act

first…– Unify their western

German Zone and West Berlin

• Stalin’s view?– Those three are teaming

up to get me!

• Berlin split in half too– and all of it

is in EAST GERMANY

• West Berlin surrounded by Communism

• No rail or road transportation in and/or out of West Berlin

• Goal?– Take it over

and make it all communist

• How can Harry respond?

• Airlift– Food & supplies

brought• Public

Perception of USA & USSR? …?– USSR ends

blockade– Cold War

characteristics being shown (?)

• 1949 NATO created–North Atlantic

Treaty Organization

–11 Western nations

–Defensive military alliance• Attack on one

is an attack on all

• Response to NATO

• USSR and its satellite nations– All

Eastern Europe vow to protect USSR

• 1945-1962, USA tested over 300 atmospheric nuclear tests above ground, in the ocean or in space

• What happens in 1962?

• Atomic Cafe

Lots ofTesting

• 1945 = USA debuts a-bomb to world

• 1949 = USSR shows it has caught up

• Both ↑ in Arms Race (effects?)– Both spend $$$$$$$$

• Missiles, Subs, ??– Europe?

• Fear and terror of nuclear war

• Order created too (MAD) AKA Mutual deterrence

• Continent Split