Unit 4

Telling Past Events and Future Plans

A. STUDENT’S LEARNING PROGRAMStandar Competence : To communicate in English on the elementary level (Target TOEIC score: 350-450)Baasic Competence : To tell past events and future plans.

A. LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Studdents are able to:1. Understand short story talking about past events.2. Respond questions dealing with past events and future plans.3. Use simple expressions to talk about past events.4. Use simple expressions to talk about past plans.5. Make a dialogue dealing with past events and future palns.6. Perform dialogues dealing with past events and future plans.7. Answer questions based on the text.8. Write sentence dealing with past events and future palans.9. Write a short paragraph about past experience.

2.SPEAKING

Activity 1

Study the following conversation.

Budiman: Good morning ,sir ?Mr.William: Good morning, Budi. Just come in and have a seatBudiman: Thank you, sir. I’d like to apologize for not being able to submit my assignment today.Mr.William: Alright. But, could you tell me why ?Budiman: Certainly, Sir. My father got an accident last week. He was seriously injured and was hospitalized. Since then, I had to accompany him in the hospital.Mr. William: Oh, I’m sorry heart that.Budiman: O.K I give you chance until next week. Hope that you father will get better soon.Mr. William: You’re welcome

Activity 5.

Study the following grammar patterns.

GRAMMAR POINTA.Past Simple

FromThe form of the past simple is the same for all persons (I,you,he,she,etc.)

Affirmative Negative QuestionsIYOUHESHEITWEYOUTHEY

WORKED

CAME

I YOUHESHEITWEYOUTHEY

DID NOTWORK

CAME

DID

IYOUHESHEITWEYOUTHEY

WORK ?

CAME ?

ContaractionDidn’t = did not

Some verbs are regualar, Some verbs are irregular: The affirmative past simple are regular verbs end in-ed

Examples: worked visitedPlayed washedWaited cleanedStopped polished Lived stayed Discovered painted

Irregular verbs have different affirmative past simple forms.Examples: buy --------- bought

Come --------- cameSee --------- sawSend --------- sleptKeep --------- sentGo --------- went

UseWe use the past simple to talk about actions and situations in the pastExamples:

1. I played football yesterday.2. He lived in London from 1980 to 1990. Then he moved to paris.3. did you see sarah yesterday?4. We didn’t go out last night. We stayed at home and watched TV.5. They went to bogor on holiday last month.

B. Present Perfect Simple

Form .We form the perfect simple with have/has + past participle (V3)

Affirmative Negative QuestionI HaveYou

I Have not

You

IHave

You

HEShe HasIt

Worked.

Gone.

HEShe Has notIt

Worked.

Gone.

HEHas She

It

Worked?

Gone?WeYou haveThey

WeYou have notThey

WeHave You

TheyCntractions ‘ve = have haven’t = have not‘s = has hasn’t = has notSome verbs are regular, other verbs are irregular:

The past participle of regular verbs end in-ed.Examples: worked visited

Played washedWaited cleanedStopped polished Lived stayed Discovered painted

Irregular verbs have diffrernt past participle

Example: singGo --------- sungDo --------- goneSleep --------- doneBe --------- sleptKeep --------- keptWin --------- wonWear --------- wornHide --------- hiddenWrite --------- writtendrink --------- drunk

UseSentences with the present perfect always connect the past and the present:

1. We use the present perfect to talk about something wich started in the past and continuous up to the present.Examples:a. She has worked in London for six month. (she still work in London now.)b. How long have you live here ? (=you still live here now)c. Kate and George have been married for 20 years. (=they are still married now)

2. We also use the present perfect for things wich have happened during a period oftime that continuous up to the present.a. I’ve been to Africa and india. (= in my life, up to now)b. Have you ever eaten Chinese food? (=in your live, upto now)c. Have you ever been here before) (=in your live, up to now

We often use the present perfect in this way with indefinite time words such as: ever, never, yet, and before.

3. We also use the present perfect when the result of past actions connected to thePresent time.examples:a. someone has broken the window. (= the window is now broken.)b. the taxi has arrived. (= the taxi is now here.)c. we’ve cleaned the yard. (= the yard is now clean.)

Present Perfect Simple versus Past Simple

Present Perfect Simple Past Simple1. The present perfect always connected to

past and present.2. We use the present perfect to talk

about something wich starten in thepast and continuous up to the present.

3. We also use the present perfect when the result 0f a past a action is connecetedto the present

4. We cannot use a definite past time such as yesterday, last week, or aweek ago in present perfect simple.

1. The past simple tells us only about the past

2. We use the pas simple to talk about something wich started and finished in the past.

3. We use the past simple when the result of a past action os not connected to the present.

4. We can use a definite past time suchas yesterday, last week, or a week ago in past simple.

C. ‘use to’and’be used to’

1. “use to” Functions:

1. We use ‘used to + infinitive’ to talk about past habits wich are now finished.2. We also use ‘used to + infinitive/ be…’ for past states and situations wich are no

longer true

Examples:

Tommy used to play football when he was younger, but he stoped playing 20years ago.(= tommy played football regulary in the past, but he does not play now.)

Shanty use to live in Jakarta when she was younger.(= Shanty lived in Jakarta in the past, but she live in another city now.)

Shanty use to be very slim when she was younger.(= Shanty was slim in the past, but she isn’t now.)

More examples:

kate used to go the cinema a lot, but she doesn’t now. When I was a child, I used to suck my thumb. My father used to bring me t that place when I was child. I didn’t use to like classical music, did you? You didn’t use to like classical music, did you? Did you use to smoke?

Study the following chart.

+ IYouHeSheEtc.

Used to Play football.Live in London. Go to cinema.Be very slim.

- IYouHeSheEtc.

Did not use to Play football.Live in London. Go to cinema.Be very slim.

?

did

IYouHeSheEtc.

Play football?Live in London? Go to cinema?Be very slim?

2. “be used to”

Functions:1. We use be used to + V ing to mean ‘be accustomed to’.

Example:

I’m used to driving my new car now, but I found it very strange at first.(= I’m accustomed to driving the car now, it is no longer strange to me)

2. After be used to, we can also use a noun phrase e.g. this could weather, my new glasses. example:

He isn’t used to this cold weather. I am not used to my glasses yet.

More examples:

I normally go to bed at about 10 o’clock. I’m not used to staying up late. Bruno finds driving in englan strange because he isn’t used t driving on

the left. Dany is used to waking up early for work. My friend is not used to his new computer. She is used to this condition.

Study the following chart.

Affirmative Negative Interrogative

I am

Used to driving a car.

I am not

Used to driving a car.

Am i

We You areThey

We You are notThey

weAre you they

Used to driving a car?

HeShe isit

HeShe is notit

HeIs she It

D. Future

1. Future: will

Affirmative negative interrogativeIYouHeSheItWeYouthey

Will work.

IYouHeSheItWeYouthey

Will not work. will

IYouHeSheItWeYouthey

Will work?

Contractions:

‘ll = will won’t = will not

The use of “will”:

To predict the future. Decide to do something at the moment of speaking.

2.Future: be going to

Affirmative negative InterrogativeI am

going to work.

I am not

Going to work.

Am I

going to work?

weyou areThey

weyou are notThey

weAre you they

HeShe isIt

HeShe is notIt

heIs she It

Contractions‘m = am aren’t = are not‘re = are isn’t = is not‘s = isThe use of “be going to”

We use ‘be going to’ to talk about something in the future wich we can see as aresult of something in the present.

We also use ‘be going to’ to talk about what we intend to do in the future. We use it when we have already decided to do something.

Note:

We use both “will” and “going to” in predictions about in the future, but there is adifference.

- we use ‘will’ to talk about what we think or belive will happen in the future.- we use ‘going’ to talk about something in the future which we can see as the result of something in the present.

We also use both ‘will’ and ‘going to’ to talk about what we intend to do, butthere is a ddiffrence.

- We use ‘sill’ when we decided to d something at the moment of speaking.- We use ‘going to’ when we have already decided to do something.

Study the following example:- Don’t climb up that tree. You’ll and hurt yourself.- Look out! you’re going to fall.- What shall I do tomorrow? O, I know.i’ll paint the kitchen.

- A : why are you putting on those old clothes?B : I’m going to paint the kitchen.