Sonia Wulandari; Chemical Engineering | 12.2010.009

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Nama : Sonia wulandari

NRP : 12.2010.009

Dosen pembimbing : atikah, s.t, m.t

Chemical Engineering

Teknologi Minyak Bumi

Minyak Bumi dan Produk-produknya

Komposisi/spesifikasi pengujian pada product petroleum (Lubricating Oil).

Lubricating Oil :

Acidity and Alkalinity : ASTM D-5770

Alternate test method : ASTM D-664, ASTM D-94, IP 136

alkalinity remaining by determining the total base number of the oil : (ASTM D-664,

ASTM D-2896, ASTM D-4739, IP 177, IP 276).

Ash : ASTM D-482,ASTM D-2415, IP 4

Asphaltene Content (Insoluble Constituents) : ASTM D-2006, ASTM D-2007, ASTM

D-3279, ASTM D-4124, ASTM D-6560,

IP 143.

the test method for determining the toluene-insoluble constituents of tar and pitch :

(ASTM D-4072 (8 h), ASTM D-4312 (3))

Carbonizable Substances (Acid Test) : ASTM D-565

with the introduction of ultraviolet absorption : ASTM D-2008, ASTM

D-2269

Carbon Residue :

- Conradson carbon residue (ASTM D-189, IP 13),

Sonia Wulandari; Chemical Engineering | 12.2010.009

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- the Ramsbottom carbon residue (ASTM D-524, IP 14),

- and the microcarbon carbon residue (ASTM D4530, IP 398)

Cloud Point : ASTM D-2500, IP 219

- transparent ; in layers 38 mm (1.5 in.) in thickness and have a cloud

point below 49°C (1200F)

Color :ASTM D-156, ASTM D-1209, ASTM D-1500, ASTM D-1544, ASTM

D-6045, IP 17.

- color number of +25 corresponds to water-mineral

Composition : ASTM D-2226

- selected grades of clay and/or silica gel as the adsorption media

ASTM D-1319, ASTM D-2007, IP 156

Density (Specific Gravity) : (ASTM D-287, IP 192)

the purpose of limiting density range is to provide a check on oil

composition.

API gravity, deg = (141.5/sp gr 60/60°F) – 131.5

Flash Point and Fire Point : - The Cleveland open cup method (ASTM D-92, IP 36)

can be used to determine both flash and fire points of lubricating

oils,

- and the Pensky–Martens closed (ASTM D-93, IP 34) and open (IP

35) flash points are also widely used.

Oxidation Stability : ASTM D-943, IP 114, IP 157 that use copper as well as iron as

catalysts in the presence of water to simulate metals present in

service conditions.

Pour Point : ASTM D-97, IP 15

- The test procedure (ASTM D-97, IP 15)

- a designated test method (ASTM D-3829)

Thermal Stability : ASTM D-66, IP 177 IP 276.

Viscosity : ASTM D-341 (standart)

- The higher-viscosity oils are standardized at 210°F (99°C), and

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- the lighter oils that are intended for use in cold weather conditions

are standardized at 0°F (–18°C).

Volatility : (ASTM D-54803); 71°C (700°F).

Water and Sediment : 95°C (203°F) for 100 h

Product yield and properties—propane deasphalting of Lubricating Oil

Feed Deasphalted oil Extract

Yield vol% 100 52 48

Gravity ◦API 11 21 1.5

Viscosity, SSU @

210oF

1,150 175 -

Viscosity, SSU @

275◦F - - 250

Con carb wt% 10 2.7 -

Color TR dilute - 9 -

Softening pt, R&B, ◦F 1 1 135

Product yields and properties—furfural

Extraction of Lubricating Oil

Untreated Oil Feed A Feed B

Viscosity index 70 89

Gravity ◦API 25 28

Viscosity, SSU @ 210◦F 55 44

Treated oil

Yield vol % 69 55

Viscosity index (de-waxed) 102 113

Sumber:

Handbook+Of+Petroleum+Product+Analysis+by+JAMES+SPEIGHT

[David_S_J_Jones;_Peter_P._Pujadó]_Handbook_of_petr(BookFi.org)